密理博ProSep Ultra Plus

ProSep Ultra Plus是一种蛋白A亲和层析介质,是当前市场上动态结合载量及通量最高的一种亲和树脂,是为适应现今低成本、大规模制备高浓度治疗性抗体需求而设计的。     

NewLeaf Plus® Russet Burbank potatoes: replicase-mediated resistance to potato leafroll virus

Potato leafroll poleovirus and the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)) are major pests of potato in the USA. The US Department of Agriculture estimates that over 50% of annual insecticide use on potato is applied to control the Colorado potato beetle and aphids that transmit potato leafroll virus (PLRV). To address this issue, Russet Burbank potatoes have been genetically modified for a high level of resistance to infection and the resulting disease symptoms caused by PLRV and to feeding damage caused by the Colorado potato beetle. This resistance was achieved by the expression of the unmodified full-length replicase gene of PLRV and the cry3A insect control protein gene from Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis. Plant expression constructs containing various modifications of the PLRV replicase gene were produced during the development of this product. The genes in these constructs were a full-length unmodified replicase (open reading frame 2a/2b), an antisense orientation of the full-length cDNA, an open reading frame 1 translation of the full-length gene, and a gene truncation containing the 3 sense coding portion of the replicase gene. Growth chamber experiments demonstrated that transformation of plants with the full-length and 3 sense coding constructs substantially protected these potato plants from infection and disease symptoms caused by PLRV. The Russet Burbank potato expressing the full-length PLV replicase gene and the cry3A gene is a new potato product from NatureMark called NewLeaf Plus®.     

Cap-Gly Proteins at Microtubule Plus Ends: Is EB1 Detyrosination Involved?

Localization of CAP-Gly proteins such as CLIP170 at microtubule+ends results from their dual interaction with α-tubulin and EB1 through their C-terminal amino acids −EEY. Detyrosination (cleavage of the terminal tyrosine) of α-tubulin by tubulin-carboxypeptidase abolishes CLIP170 binding. Can detyrosination affect EB1 and thus regulate the presence of CLIP170 at microtubule+ends as well? We developed specific antibodies to discriminate tyrosinated vs detyrosinated forms of EB1 and detected only tyrosinated EB1 in fibroblasts, astrocytes, and total brain tissue. Over-expressed EB1 was not detyrosinated in cells and chimeric EB1 with the eight C-terminal amino acids of α-tubulin was only barely detyrosinated. Our results indicate that detyrosination regulates CLIPs interaction with α-tubulin, but not with EB1. They highlight the specificity of carboxypeptidase toward tubulin.     

Comparison of the Cytochrome bc 1 Complex with theAnticipated Structure of the Cytochrome b 6 f Complex:De Plus Ça Change de Plus C'est la Même Chose

Structural alignment of the integral cytochrome b ₆-SU IV subunits with the solved structure of themitochondrial bc ₁ complex shows a pronounced asymmetry. There is a much higher homology onthe p-side of the membrane, suggesting a similarity in the mechanisms of intramembrane andinterfacial electron and proton transfer on the p-side, but not necessarily on the n-side. Structuraldifferences between the bc ₁ and b ₆ f complexes appear to be larger the farther the domain or subunitis removed from the membrane core, with extreme differences between cytochromes c ₁ and f. Aspecial role for the dimer may involve electron sharing between the two hemes b _p, which is indicatedas a probable event by calculations of relative rate constants for intramonomer heme b _p hemeb _n, or intermonomer heme b _p heme b _p electron transfer. The long-standing observation offlash-induced oxidation of only 0.5 of the chemical content of cyt f may be partly a consequence ofthe statistical population of ISP bound to cyt f on the dimer. It is proposed that the p-side domainof cyt f is positioned with its long axis parallel to the membrane surface in order to: (i) allow itslarge and small domains to carry out the functions of cyt c ₁ and suVIII, respectively, of the bc ₁complex, and (ii) provide maximum dielectric continuity with the membrane. (iii) This positionwould also allow the internal water chain (proton wire) of cyt f to serve as the p-side exit portfor an intramembrane H⁺ transfer chain that would deprotonate the semiquinol located in themyxothiazol/MOA-stilbene pocket near heme b _p. A hypothesis is presented for the identity of theamino acid residues in this chain.     

血样Identifiler~ Plus Kit直接扩增法在DNA数据库建设中的研究与应用

目的探讨Identifiler Plus Kit直接扩增血样的方法,并应用于DNA数据库建设。方法 60份血样分别打孔于8连管中,用56℃ddH2O分别孵育0min、5min、10min、15min,离心弃上清,相应加入Identifiler Plus Kit与Identifiler Direct Kit PCR反应液,电泳并比较检测结果;同一血样按上述方法重复3次,比较检测结果的可重复性;对10000余份血样直接扩增并统计分析其成功率。结果 0min与5min ddH2O孵育的血样Identifiler Plus Kit与Identifiler Direct Kit扩增想比较,分析峰值均衡性及RFU其效果相当;同一份血样检测结果表明具有良好的重复性;对10000余份血样检测完整的遗传图谱成功率98.5%。结论 Identifiler Plus Kit可用于大规模的DNA数据库建设。     

‘Agent Plus’ and ‘Practical Reasoner’: A Comparative Study of the Ethical Person

This paper explores an understanding of the person in terms of practical reason. Based on my fieldwork among the Jenu Kurumba and on ethnographic data on four other communities, I analyse how these five communities conceptualise the ethical person. To understand these concepts, I consult studies of an anthropology of ethics concerned with practical reason. Additionally I draw on Charles Taylor's concept of the ‘agent plus’ and Alasdair MacIntyre's notion of the ‘practical reasoner’. I argue that both Neo-Aristotelian notions are fundamentally important for understanding the concepts of the ethical person among the five cultural formations investigated in this paper.     

Results of a “GWAS Plus:” General Cognitive Ability Is Substantially Heritable and Massively Polygenic

We carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for general cognitive ability (GCA) plus three other analyses of GWAS data that aggregate the effects of multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in various ways. Our multigenerational sample comprised 7,100 Caucasian participants, drawn from two longitudinal family studies, who had been assessed with an age-appropriate IQ test and had provided DNA samples passing quality screens. We conducted the GWAS across ∼2.5 million SNPs (both typed and imputed), using a generalized least-squares method appropriate for the different family structures present in our sample, and subsequently conducted gene-based association tests. We also conducted polygenic prediction analyses under five-fold cross-validation, using two different schemes of weighting SNPs. Using parametric bootstrapping, we assessed the performance of this prediction procedure under the null. Finally, we estimated the proportion of variance attributable to all genotyped SNPs as random effects with software GCTA. The study is limited chiefly by its power to detect realistic single-SNP or single-gene effects, none of which reached genome-wide significance, though some genomic inflation was evident from the GWAS. Unit SNP weights performed about as well as least-squares regression weights under cross-validation, but the performance of both increased as more SNPs were included in calculating the polygenic score. Estimates from GCTA were 35% of phenotypic variance at the recommended biological-relatedness ceiling. Taken together, our results concur with other recent studies: they support a substantial heritability of GCA, arising from a very large number of causal SNPs, each of very small effect. We place our study in the context of the literature–both contemporary and historical–and provide accessible explication of our statistical methods.     

Truncation of the GABAA-Receptor γ2 Subunit in a Family with Generalized Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus

Recent findings from studies of two families have shown that mutations in the GABA(A)-receptor gamma2 subunit are associated with generalized epilepsies and febrile seizures. Here we describe a family that has generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS(+)), including an individual with severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy, in whom a third GABA(A)-receptor gamma2-subunit mutation was found. This mutation lies in the intracellular loop between the third and fourth transmembrane domains of the GABA(A)-receptor gamma2 subunit and introduces a premature stop codon at Q351 in the mature protein. GABA sensitivity in Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing the mutant gamma2(Q351X) subunit is completely abolished, and fluorescent-microscopy studies have shown that receptors containing GFP-labeled gamma2(Q351X) protein are retained in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. This finding reinforces the involvement of GABA(A) receptors in epilepsy.     

Anesthetic Isoflurane or Desflurane Plus Surgery Differently Affects Cognitive Function in Alzheimer’s Disease Transgenic Mice

Anesthesia/surgery could be associated with cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease neuropathogenesis. However, whether surgery under different anesthetics has different effects on cognitive function remains largely unknown. We therefore set out to compare effects of anesthetic isoflurane or desflurane plus surgery on cognitive function and hippocampus levels of synaptic marker (postsynaptic density-95 and synaptophysin) and ATP. Five-month-old AD Transgenic (Tg) (FAD5X) and wild-type male mice received isoflurane or desflurane plus abdominal surgery. We assessed cognitive function in Barnes maze and measured hippocampus levels of postsynaptic density-95, synaptophysin, and ATP in the mice. We determined whether vitamin K₂ could mitigate these anesthesia/surgery-induced changes. Isoflurane, but not desflurane, plus surgery increased escape latency and escape distance in Barnes maze probe test and reduced postsynaptic density-95, synaptophysin, and ATP levels as compared to control condition in AD Tg mice. Vitamin K₂ attenuated the anesthesia/surgery-induced changes in the AD Tg mice. These findings suggest that isoflurane, but not desflurane, plus surgery might induce cognitive impairment via causing brain energy deficits. Pending confirmative studies in both animals and humans suggest desflurane could be a better choice for AD patients when surgery is needed. Moreover, vitamin K₂ could treat cognitive deficiency associated with anesthesia and surgery.     

超声冲洗技术在磨牙iRoot BP Plus牙髓切断术中的应用效果

摘要 目的：探究超声冲洗技术在磨牙iRoot BP Plus牙髓切断术中的应用效果。方法：2015年8月到2020年5月选择在本院进行诊治的可复性牙髓炎患者123例作为研究对象,根据随机信封1:1抽签原则把患者分为超声组62例与对照组61例,所有患者均给予iRoot BP Plus牙髓切断术,对照组给予常规冲洗,超声组给予超声冲洗,对比患牙边缘状况、术后不良反应、钙化桥形成与手术成功率。结果：（1）超声组术后3个月、6个月与12个月的手术成功率分别为100.0 %、100.0 %、98.4 %,对照组分别为100.0 %、95.1 %、86.9 %,超声组术后12个月的手术成功率高于对照组（P<0.05）。（2）超声组术后3个月、6个月与12个月的钙化桥形成率分别为51.6 %、98.4 %和100.0 %,对照组为18.0 %、50.8 %、100.0 %,超声组术后3个月、6个月钙化桥形成率均高于对照组（P<0.05）。（3）超声组术后12个月的不良反应发生率为3.2 %,低于对照组的16.4 %（P<0.05）。（4）超声组术后12个月的患牙边缘染色完整性、边缘完整性分别为98.4 %、98.4 %,高于对照组的85.2 %和88.5 %（P<0.05）。结论：超声冲洗技术在磨牙iRoot BP Plus牙髓切断术中的应用能改善患牙边缘状况,减少术后不良反应的发生,还可促进钙化桥形成,提高手术成功率。     

Efficacy of Olyset? Plus,a New Long-Lasting Insecticidal Net Incorporating Permethrin and Piperonil-Butoxide against Multi-Resistant Malaria Vectors

Due to the rapid extension of pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors worldwide, manufacturers are developing new vector control tools including insecticide mixtures containing at least two active ingredients with different mode of action as part of insecticide resistance management. Olyset® Plus is a new long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) incorporating permethrin and a synergist, piperonyl butoxide (PBO), into its fibres in order to counteract metabolic-based pyrethroid resistance of mosquitoes. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of Olyset® Plus both in laboratory and field against susceptible and multi-resistant malaria vectors and compared with Olyset Net, which is a permethrin incorporated into polyethylene net. In laboratory, Olyset® Plus performed better than Olyset® Net against susceptible Anopheles gambiae strain with a 2-day regeneration time owing to an improved permethrin bleeding rate with the new incorporation technology. It also performed better than Olyset® Net against multiple resistant populations of An. gambiae in experimental hut trials in West Africa. Moreover, the present study showed evidence for a benefit of incorporating a synergist, PBO, with a pyrethroid insecticide into mosquito netting. These results need to be further validated in a large-scale field trial to assess the durability and acceptability of this new tool for malaria vector control.     

中国生物化学课程教学改革的历程(1985~2021)与成绩——基于NVivo 11 Plus软件的系统分析

课程是人才培养的核心要素,是学生从大学里受益最直接、最核心和最显效的途径。生物化学是生命科学中重要的核心课程。梳理我国生物化学课程教学改革的变迁对促进全国生物化学教育事业的发展具有实践意义。本文收集了自1985年以来,生物化学教学改革研究的文献5 871篇。按照国家主要教育方针政策和策略转变文件,将文献按其年份划分为1985~2006,2007~2012,2013~2016和2017~2021四个阶段。运用软件NVivo 11 Plus对文献题录文本和关键词进行相似性分析表明,生物化学课程教学研究与国家教育发展策略相适应,具有鲜明的时代特征。依据扎根理论,通过编码处理和客观分析,将生物化学教学研究划分为“教学策略”、“教学方向”、“教学对象”和“教学评价”四个范畴。详细阐述了“以学生为中心”的生物化学教学改革研究取得的成效:整合包括结构性思维、问题导向、团队合作、翻转课堂和线上线下混合的多种教学方法;结合包括多媒体、虚拟仿真和互联网的先进教学技术;发掘思政元素并将思政教育贯穿到生物化学教学全过程。从强化学生学习能力,关注学习效果和促进学生发展的多元角度促进我国生物化学教学事业的全面发展。     

Mechanistic simulation of batch acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation with in situ gas stripping using Aspen Plus™

Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering - Process simulations of batch fermentations with in situ product separation traditionally decouple these interdependent steps by simulating a separate...     

Comparison of bioMérieux API 20NE and Remel RapID NF Plus, identification systems of type strains of Ralstonia pickettii

A : Comparison of two commercial miniaturized rapid systems for the identification of Ralstonia pickettii strains. METHODS AND RESULTS: Varying identification results were encountered using the bioMérieux API NE system and the Remel IDS RapID NF Plus commercial systems for R. pickettii. To compare these two systems, eight strains of R. pickettii were purchased from different commercial culture collections. Additionally, 32 industrial and eight clinical isolates, initially identified using the Vitek Junior (bioMérieux) were tested. Total number of isolates tested was 48. The API 20NE identified 29 isolates, as R. pickettii but was unsuccessful with 19 isolates. The Remel IDS RapID NF Plus identified 46 isolates as R. pickettii. One clinical and one industrial isolates was identified as non-R. pickettii with both systems. CONCLUSIONS: The above results indicate that the use of API 20NE system for examining the identification of R. pickettii strains is inconsistent. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study demonstrated that the RapID NF Plus is more accurate as an inexpensive identification system for the identification of R. pickettii, a potential emerging organism of medically and industrial importance.     

Rapid Learning of Magnetic Compass Direction by C57BL/6 Mice in a 4-Armed ‘Plus’ Water Maze

Magnetoreception has been demonstrated in all five vertebrate classes. In rodents, nest building experiments have shown the use of magnetic cues by two families of molerats, Siberian hamsters and C57BL/6 mice. However, assays widely used to study rodent spatial cognition (e.g. water maze, radial arm maze) have failed to provide evidence for the use of magnetic cues. Here we show that C57BL/6 mice can learn the magnetic direction of a submerged platform in a 4-armed (plus) water maze. Naïve mice were given two brief training trials. In each trial, a mouse was confined to one arm of the maze with the submerged platform at the outer end in a predetermined alignment relative to magnetic north. Between trials, the training arm and magnetic field were rotated by 180^° so that the mouse had to swim in the same magnetic direction to reach the submerged platform. The directional preference of each mouse was tested once in one of four magnetic field alignments by releasing it at the center of the maze with access to all four arms. Equal numbers of responses were obtained from mice tested in the four symmetrical magnetic field alignments. Findings show that two training trials are sufficient for mice to learn the magnetic direction of the submerged platform in a plus water maze. The success of these experiments may be explained by: (1) absence of alternative directional cues (2), rotation of magnetic field alignment, and (3) electromagnetic shielding to minimize radio frequency interference that has been shown to interfere with magnetic compass orientation of birds. These findings confirm that mice have a well-developed magnetic compass, and give further impetus to the question of whether epigeic rodents (e.g., mice and rats) have a photoreceptor-based magnetic compass similar to that found in amphibians and migratory birds.     

MTA、iRoot BP Plus及氢氧化钙在年轻恒牙活髓切断术中临床疗效的比较分析

摘要 目的：研究三氧化矿物凝聚体（MTA）、iRoot BP Plus（iRooT）以及氢氧化钙（Ca(OH) ₂）三种材料在年轻恒牙活髓切断术中的临床疗效。方法：将60例需要接受年轻恒牙活髓切断术的患者（60颗患牙）按照使用材料不同随机分为三组：MTA组、iRooT组和Ca（OH）₂组,每组20例（20颗患牙）,比较三组患者术后3个月和6个月手术成功率、牙本质桥形成和牙齿变色发生率、牙根管壁厚度、牙齿功能和美观度、以及血清基质金属蛋白酶-3（MMP-3）和白细胞介素-8（IL-8）水平。结果：（1）三组患者仅术后6个月临床治疗成功率存在显著差异（P<0.05）;（2）Ca（OH）₂组术后牙本质桥形成率显著低于其他两组（P<0.05）,而牙齿变色发生率显著低于MTA组（P<0.05）和显著高于iRooT组（P<0.05）。（3）三组患者治疗后牙根管壁厚度均较治疗前显著增加,且治疗后Ca（OH）₂组患牙根管壁厚度增加显著低于MTA组和iRooT组（P<0.05）。（4）Ca（OH）2组患者术后6个月牙齿舒适功能、固定功能和咀嚼功能评分均显著低于MTA组和iRooT组（P<0.05）,而牙齿美观度评分显著低于iRooT组（P<0.05）和显著高于MTA组（P<0.05）。（5）三组患者术后6个月血清MMP-3和IL-8均显著低于术前（P<0.05）,并且MTA组患者血清MMP-3和IL-8水平显著高于iRooT组（P<0.05）和显著低于CaOH组（P<0.05）。结论：iRoot BP Plus和MTA材料应用于年轻恒牙活髓切断术均具有较高的远期成功率,但MTA材料远期牙齿变色率较高因而影响牙齿美观度。