共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Abstract Hydrochus ignicollis Motschulsky, 1860 is recorded from Iran (Gilan Province) for the first time. In addition, new Iranian provincial records are provided for two species: H. nodulifer Reitter, 1897 (Zanjan Province) and H. farsicus Hidalgo-Galiana, Jäch, and Ribera, 2010 (Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province). Photographs of the habitus, the male genitalia and the habitat of H. ignicollis are provided. 相似文献
2.
3.
Wolfgang Schawaller Ashraf M. El Torkey Hathal M. Al Dhafer 《Zoology in the Middle East.》2013,59(4):342-346
Cneocnemis arabica sp. n. is described from western Saudi Arabia. The type locality lies disjunct from the large conjunct area of the Asian congeners, probably due to the lack of suitable habitats (?trees) in central and eastern Arabia. C. angustula (Fairmaire, 1893) comb. n. from Indochina is transferred from Uloma to Cneocnemis. Additionally, the first records of Cenoscelis pulla (Erichson, 1843) from Saudi Arabia are listed. The species of Cenoscelis seem at least not to be restricted to arboreal habitats. 相似文献
4.
Maxim Nabozhenko 《Zoology in the Middle East.》2013,59(1):64-68
Five species of the genus Catomus Allard, 1876 are known from Iran. Catomus fragilis (Ménétriés, 1848) is recorded from Iran for the first time. Lectotypes of C. persicus Allard, 1876 (type species of the genus) and C. semiruber Allard, 1876 are designated. These species are also redescribed and figured. A key to the species of Catomus in the Iranian fauna is given. 相似文献
5.
6.
ABSTRACTDiscovered in 1954 by Ambroggi and Lapparent, the Tagragra tracksite (Maastrichtian, Agadir, Morocco) yielded tracks of theropod dinosaurs, birds and enigmatic forms tentatively attributed to Lacertilia under the name Agadirichnus elegans. The original specimens are today considered to be lost, and the status of A. elegans has been questioned, even though these footprints can retrospectively be referred to pterodactyloid pterosaur tracks. In order to discuss the status of these foot prints, the historical site has been actively sought and recently rediscovered by one of us (MdD). New material confirms the presence of pterodactyloid footprints, with two morphotypes, in two different facies, respectively associated with bird and theropod tracks. Morphotype I is tentatively conferred to Pteraichnus Stokes 1957, which extends the stratigraphical distribution of this ichnotaxon to the Maastrichtian. Morphotype II corresponds to the original ichnospecies A. elegans Ambroggi and Lapparent 1954, which is here reassessed as a valid ichnotaxon, with the designation of a neotype. Thus, A. elegans Ambroggi and Lapparent 1954 is historically the first pterosaurian ichnotaxon ever described. 相似文献
7.
While Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis de Barjac, 1978 (Bti) is generally effective in reducing Simulium Latreille, 1802 pest levels, impaired toxicity has been identified. Diatoms are typically abundant in Simulium larval gut contents and thought to affect feeding behaviour and/or Bti ingestion. We sought to determine diatom composition in larval Simulium gut contents and periphyton in relation to mortality subsequent in situ Bti application across three stream reaches. Generally, lower larval mortality after Bti exposure was associated with comparatively greater diatom diversity inside gut contents, corresponding with an inverse relationship between periphyton diatom diversity and larval mortality across our study reaches. High profile diatoms inside gut contents were positively correlated with mortality, suggesting microbial morphology may affect Bti efficacy. Diatoms inside live larval guts were most similar to periphyton which indicates that these larvae may have been feeding less on lower quality detrital material and/or exhibiting comparatively greater benthic feeding. 相似文献
8.
Cajus Diedrich 《Ichnos》2013,20(3-4):215-228
This article examines the high-resolution track horizon stratigraphy at the outcrop Obernkirchen. Massive sandstones, products of marine sand bar and fluviatile environments are present at the tracksite. Recently two track beds were examined in the outcrop. One new track slab of the lower track bed is described exposing well-preserved quadrupedal iguanodontid tracktypes of Iguanodontipus Sarjeant, Delair, and Lockley, 1998, and bipedal theropod tracks Megalosauropus Kaever and Lapparent, 1974. The ichnogenus Iguanodontipus is discussed and the diagnosis extended. The tracksite Obernkirchen belongs to a megatracksite of the ancient coastline of the marginal marine Hercynic Basin of the Lower Cretaceous of Europe, including the four well-known sites Obernkirchen, Bad Rehburg, Münchehagen, and Bückeburg of Northwest Germany. Three different tracktypes of huge sauropods, theropods, and ornithopods are abundant at basal Lower Cretaceous siliciclastic coastlines in different regions in Spain, Portugal, England, Germany, and Switzerland. Dinosaur tracks are also present in carbonate platform environments of northern Italy and Istria. 相似文献
9.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) uses a cost-effective sampling (CES) methodology to evaluate and review ground water contaminant data and optimize the site's ground water monitoring plan. The CES methodology is part of LLNL's regulatory approved compliance monitoring plan (Lamarre et al., 1996). It allows LLNL to adjust the ground water sampling plan every quarter in response to changing conditions at the site. Since the use of the CES methodology has been approved by the appropriate regulatory agencies, such adjustments do not need additional regulatory approval. This permits LLNL to respond more quickly to changing conditions. The CES methodology bases the sampling frequency for each location on trend, variability, and magnitude statistics describing the contaminants at that location, and on the input of the technical staff (hydrologists, chemists, statisticians, and project leaders). After initial setup is complete, each application of CES takes only a few days for as many as 400 wells. Effective use of the CES methodology requires sufficient data, an understanding of contaminant transport at the site, and an adequate number of monitoring wells downgradient of the contamination. The initial implementation of CES at LLNL in 1992 produced a 40% reduction in the required number of annual routine ground water samples at LLNL. This has saved LLNL $390,000 annually in sampling, analysis, and data management costs. 相似文献
10.
This study investigates the diversity and taxonomy of a mainly marine group of species lacking chaetae currently assigned to the genus Marionina. This achaetous group includes four nominal species: M. achaeta (Hagen, 1954), M. achaeta sensu Lasserre, 1964, M. nevisensis Righi & Kanner, 1979 and M. arenaria Healy, 1979. As Lasserre's (1964) M. achaeta appears to be morphologically different from its (then) senior homonym M. achaeta (Hagen, 1954), the replacement name M. nothachaeta nom. nov. is proposed for it. We studied the genetic and morphological diversity of achaetous specimens of Marionina collected in Florida, the Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia, Sweden, England and the Bahamas. The collection localities are almost all supralittoral and often brackish-water habitats. Parts of the mitochondrial genes 12S, 16S, COI and the nuclear genes 18S, 28S and ITS were analysed to assess the genetic variation and phylogeny of the achaetous Marionina species. The molecular data reveal one monophyletic group of 11 separately evolving lineages, and between these lineages, K2P distances in the barcoding gene COI vary between 5.4 and 25.0%. On a morphological basis, the lineages could be assigned to seven different groups (morphotypes), of which only two could be identified as described nominal taxa: M. nevisensis s. lat. (several lineages) and M. nothachaeta. Since the former taxon appears to be a complex of cryptic species around the world and the original type material no longer exists, a neotype from the Caribbean was designated for M. nevisensis s. str. The remaining achaetous lineages represent five morphologically distinct species that are left unnamed, awaiting finer morphological scrutiny and detailed comparisons with new collections of M. achaeta and M. arenaria. Summing up, the group of achaetous Marionina now seems to contain up to 13 different species, seven of which are yet to be formally described and named. 相似文献
11.
Jan Bezděk 《Zoology in the Middle East.》2016,62(2):148-157
The Clytra subfasciata species group is proposed, to comprise Clytra subfasciata Lacordaire, 1848, C. hajeki Medvedev &; Kantner, 2002 and C. kadleci sp. n. (Yemen). The species of the group are characterised by the peculiar shape of the aedeagus, with a dorsal plate separated from the rest of aedeagus by a deep narrow slit. Colour photographs of habitus and drawings of genitalia are provided for all three species.http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F6706A76-CD49-4A5A-A109-A6E6C23514A5 相似文献
12.
Ilya V. Buynevich 《Ichnos》2013,20(4):189-191
Recognition and sampling of traces in unconsolidated sands present a major challenge for ichnologists. This can be partially remedied through the application of high-resolution geophysical techniques, such as ground-penetrating radar (GPR or georadar), which uses electromagnetic impulse for continuous imaging of shallow subsurface. It addition to geological applications, GPR imaging has been used in several studies focused on animal traces as related to conservation of endangered fossorial species (Kinlaw et al., 2007; Martin et al., 2011), slope and levee stability (Nichol et al., 2003; Di Prinzio et al., 2010), and mapping of fossil tracks (Matthews et al., 2006; Aucoin and Hasbargen, 2010) and tracking surfaces (Webb, 2007). Few efforts have been dedicated specifically to characterizing burrow and track characteristics (Stott, 1996; Sensors & Software Inc., 2010 [compilation on geophysical projects related to animal burrows]; Buynevich and Hasiotis, 2011; Buynevich et al., 2011; Martin et al., 2011) and most of the above studies are published in journals not routinely accessed by ichnologists. 相似文献
13.
14.
Dagmara Baraniak Piotr Ruszkowski Daniel Baranowski Grzegorz Framski Jerzy Boryski 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(12):980-1005
AbstractTwo series of novel fluorinated nucleosides dimers with an unnatural 1,2,3-triazole linkage were synthesized. The obtained molecules were prepared using “click” chemistry approach based on copper(I) catalyzed Huisgen azide–alkyne cycloaddition. It was performed between 3′- and 5′-azido-nucleosides as the azide components, and the 3′-O- and 5′-O-propargyl-nucleosides as the alkyne components. Based on analysis of the 3JHH, 3JH1′C2 and 3JH1′C6 we estimated conformational preferences of sugar part and orientation around glycosidic bond. All described nucleosides dimers analogs were characterized by spectroscopic methods and evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity in three human cancer cell lines: cervical (HeLa), oral (KB) and breast (MCF-7). 相似文献
15.
Shraddha Thakkar Nisha Nanaware-Kharade Guillermo Gonzalez III Reha Celikel Eric Peterson 《Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics》2013,31(1):112-113
Methamphetamine (METH) abuse is a major threat in the USA and worldwide without any FDA approved medications. Anti-METH antibody antagonists block or slow the rate of METH entry into the brain and have shown efficacy in preclinical studies (Peterson, Laurenzana, Atchley, Hendrickson, & Owens, 2008).?A key determinant of the antibody’s efficacy is its affinity for METH and we attempted to enhance the efficacy by designing mutations to alter the shape or the electrostatic character of the binding pocket. Towards this goal, we developed a single chain anti-METH antibody fragment (scFv6H4) from a parent IgG (1). The crystal structure of scFv-6H4 in complex with METH was determined (Celikel, Peterson, Owens, & Varughese, 2009). Based on its elucidated binding interactions, we designed point mutations in the binding pocket to improve its affinity for METH and amphetamine (AMP), the active metabolite of METH. The mutants, scFv-S93T,-I37?M and -Y34?M were cloned, expressed in yeast and tested for affinity against METH and AMP. Two mutants showed enhanced binding affinity for METH: scFv-I37?M by 1.3-fold and scFv-S93T by 2.6-fold. Additionally, all the mutants showed increase in affinity for AMP: scFv-I37?M by 56-fold, scFv-S93T by 17-fold and scFvY34?M by 5-fold. Crystal structure for one of the high-affinity mutant, scFv-S93T, in complex with METH was determined (Figure 1). Binding pocket of the mutant is more hydrophobic in comparison with the wild type. ScFv-6H4 binds METH in a deep pocket containing two water molecules. The substitution of a serine residue by a threonine leads to the expulsion of a water molecule (Figure 2), relieving some unfavorable contacts between the hydrocarbon atoms of METH and the water molecule and increasing the affinity to sub-nanomolar range. Therefore, the present study shows that efficacy could be enhanced by altering the hydrophobicity or the shape of the binding pocket. 相似文献
16.
《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(3):229-241
The Divakar-Reese procedure has been successfully applied for transforming 7-oxo-isothiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine C-nucleosides (4a,b, 5a,b, 6a) via 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl intermediates (7a,b, 8a,b) into various 7-substituted C-nucle- osides 15a,b, 16a,b, 17a, 18a, 19a,b, 20a,b; their subsequent deprotection provides novel types of unusual C-glycosides 22b, 23a, 24a,b, 25b, 26b. C-Nucleosides, possessing on its heterocyclic base other than naturally occuring oxo- or amino substituents, are important model compounds for biological or medicinal studies [2a], [2b], [2c], [2d], [2e], [2f], [2g], [2h], [2i] [3a], [3b], [3c], [3d], [3e], [3f], [3g], [3h]. We want to report on the synthesis of novel 7-substituted isothiazolo = [4,5-d]pyrimidine C-nucleosides. As we could show in previous papers [1], [4], there exists a simple approach to the protected C-glycosides 4–6. 相似文献
17.
An automated, iterative approach to finding the lowest energy, ionic diffusion paths through a periodic structure has been developed within our new code (written in FORTRAN 77 and named Bubble). The approach is quite general in that it can be applied to find, at a chosen temperature, the accessible (ergodic) regions of a hyper-surface, which is defined across a uniform grid [1]. We describe both our implementation within the Bubble code and its application to locating the approximate transition states for Mg interstitial diffusion in forsterite, which can then be refined using standard transition state searching [2]. 相似文献
18.
A toxicological approach was taken to determine the heavy metal binding capacity of soils. A soil heavy metal binding capacity (SHMBC) methodology was developed and was based on the use of the MetPLATE TM toxicity test kit, a bioassay that is specific for heavy metal toxicity. SHMBC test is based on the heavy metal binding capacity (HMBC) concept that has been considered in the assessment of the metal binding capacity of surface waters (Huang et al., 1999) and solid wastes landfill leachates (Ward et al., 2005). SHMBC is the ratio of the EC 50 of an added metal in a soil sample divided by the EC 50 of a metal in a reference soil (clean Ottawa sand). A higher SHMBC value indicates higher metal binding to soil and lower bioavailability and potential toxicity to the test bacteria.
Five soils (two sandy soils, two organic soils and a clay soil) were used to determine their binding capacity towards Cu, Zn, and Hg, using the developed SHMBC test. The test measured the ability of the solids to reduce metal bioavailability and toxicity. SHMBC was highest for the clay soil and lowest for the sandy soils. The potential application of this relatively rapid (a few hours) test to predict metal toxicity to terrestrial plants is discussed. 相似文献
19.
We investigated the morphology, morphogenesis and small subunit rRNA gene-based phylogeny of three marine urostylids, Uncinata gigantea Bullington, 1940, Holosticha heterofoissneri Hu & Song, 2001, and Holosticha cf. heterofoissneri. The dorsal morphogenesis of Uncinata gigantea shows de novo formation of two groups of anlagen near the marginal rows. Holosticha cf. heterofoissneri demonstrates fragmentation of the first dorsal kinety anlage as in Holosticha heterofoissneri. Our population of H. heterofoissneri corresponds well with previously described populations in terms of its general morphology and ciliary pattern. Uncinata gigantea can be recognized by its large and highly contractile body, yellowish to brownish cell colour, two types of cortical granules, and 20–30 transversely oriented and densely arranged cirri in the left marginal row, which often overlie the buccal vertex. Based on the new data, especially infraciliature, the genus Uncinata is here redefined. Both the morphology and phylogenetic analyses suggest that the genus Uncinata should be classified within the family Urostylidae. In addition, both morphological and morphogenetic data suggest that Holosticha bradburyae Gong et al., 2001 should be transferred to Uncinata as U. bradburyae (Gong et al., 2001) comb. nov., due to its possession of a characteristically prominent beak-like, leftwards curved projection and the developmental mode of the dorsal kineties. This assignment is supported by the phylogenetic analyses, which placed Uncinata gigantea in a clade with U. bradburyae (Gong et al., 2001) comb. nov., and revealed only 1.13% (19 bp) difference in their SSU-rDNA gene sequence. 相似文献
20.
This paper contains a taxonomic study of the Permian tetrapod ichnofauna from the Carapacha Basin. Tetrapod traces are analyzed in their environmental context and compared with similar faunas from Europe and North America. This ichnofauna is particularly relevant because of the scarcity of Permian tetrapod tracks from South America and also of Permian tetrapod fossils from Argentina. Ephemeral fluvial and shallow lacustrine deposits compose the sedimentary succession of the basin, which is represented by the Carapacha Formation. Most of the tracks have been collected from the upper member of the formation (Urre-Lauquen Member), mainly from freshwater ephemeral lake deposits as well as from playa-lake mudflats. The deposits of this member have been attributed to the early Late Permian on the basis of a Glossopteris fossil flora. Ichnotaxonomic designations of tetrapod traces are made on the basis of morphologic features that reflect the anatomy of the producer and special attention has been paid to extramorphologic deformations observed in the track assemblage. A total of four footprint ichnotaxa have been recognized, namely Batrachichnus salamandroides (Geinitz, 1861), Hyloidichnus bifurcatus Gilmore, 1927, cf. Amphisauropus isp. and cf. Varanopus isp. These track taxa are associated with two forms of vertebrate swimming traces (Characichnos isp. and type A swimming trace) and a possible fish trail. Invertebrate trace fossils include abundant arthropod locomotion traces and Scoyenia isp. The ichnofauna is composed of six tetrapod ichnocoenoses that are dominated by tiny amphibian tracks attributed to Temnospondyli (Batrachichnus and type A swimming trace) and Seymouriamorpha (Amphisauropus), and also contain the footprints of small reptiles, mostly Captorhinomorpha and possibly Pelycosauria (Hyloidichnus and Varanopus). Even if the ichnofauna of the Carapacha Basin is slightly younger than typical examples from the literature of the Early Permian “red bed ichnofacies” (Hunt et al., 1995b), a comparison is made. However, further detailed case studies are needed to formally define this “red bed ichnofacies” and its prospective subdivisions. 相似文献