Chromosome counts of some Cuban Angiosperms

Chromosome numbers are reported for 14 species collected in Cuba. The first chromosome records are reported forAlbizzia cubana Britton etWilson (2n=26),Atkinsia cubensis (Britton etWilson)Howard (2n=26),Caesalpinia violacea (Mill.)Standl. (2n=24),Colubrina ferruginosa Brongn. (2n=24). Chromosome numbers of the following species were confirmed:Albizzia lebbeck (L.)Benth. (2n=26),Canavalia maritima (Aubl.)Thouars (2n=22),Casuarina equisetifolia Forst. (2n=18),Cedrela mexicana M.J. Roem. (2n=56),Delonix regia (Bojer)Raf. (2n=28),Guazuma tomentosa H.B.K. (2n=16),Lysiloma bahamense Benth. (2n=26),L. latisiliqua (L.)Benth. (2n=26),Samanea saman (Jacq.)Merrill (2n=26),Thespesia populnea (L.)Soland (2n=26).     

Flechtensystematische Studien VII.Gyalideopsis,eine neue Flechtengattung

Die beschriebene GattungGyalideopsis gen. nov. umfasst vier bisher festgestellten Arten:G. peruviana Merr. exVězda sp. n.,G. anastomosans P. James etVězda sp. n.,G. athalloides (Nyl.) Vězda comb. n. undG. muscicola P. James etVězda sp. n. Die Einreihung der GattungGyalideopsis in die FamilieAsterothyriaceae (sensuSantesson) sowie die systematische Stellung dieser Familie werden kurz behandelt.     

Mass breeding of two species ofSaissetia [Hom.: Coccidae] for propagation of their parasitoids

Potato sprouts detached from soil are most suitable for mass rearingSaissetia oleae (Olivier),S. coffeae (Walker) and their parasitoids, since the duration of development of the coccids is short, and they can be grown easily with their natural enemies in closed containers under controlled conditions.S. oleae served for propagation ofMetaphycus affinisstanleyi Compere,M. helvolus (Compere),M. bartletti Annecke & Mynhardt,M. lounsburyi (Howard), whilstS. coffeae was better suited forScutellista cyanea Motschulsky. The ornamental plantAdhatoda vasica Nees, citron melon and squash fruits served for rearingS. coffeae, while oleander was used for breedingS. oleae and its parasitoids during the ebb of the culture on potato sprouts.     

Studien über dieJungermannioideae (Hepaticae) 2. Jungermannia Subg.Jungermannia

Die zweite Studie aus der Serie der vorbereiteten Studien über die Subfam.Jungermannioideae (Jungermanniaceae, Hepaticae) enthält eine taxonomische Bearbeitung des Subg.Jungermannia. Nach dem Verfasser gehören zu diesem Subg. nur 7 Arten:J. atrovirens Dum. (identisch mitJ. tristis Nees),J. exsertifolia Steph.,J. gollanii Steph.,J. karl-muelleri Grolle,J. ovato-trigona (Steph. inHerz.) Grolle,J. polaris Lindb. undJ. pumila With. Die anderen, zu diesem Subg. gestellten Arten gehören teilweise zu den anderen Subgenera (J. grossitexta sensuAmak.,J. kuwaharae Amak., undJ. laetevirens (Spruce) K. Müll. inGrolle), teilweise als Synonyma nova zu den obenerwähnten Arten (J. nipponica (Sak. etTakah.) Hatt.,J. tenerrima Steph. (hom. illeg.) undJ. towadensis (Okam.) Hatt., sowie auchJ. tristis Nees).     

New cultivated species of the genusCryptocoryne (Araceae)

Three new species ofCryptocoryne are described, based on material received from unspecified localities in tropical Asia.Crytocoryne hejnýi Rataj andC. zukalii Rataj differ fromC. cor data Griff. by the non-infundibuliform gorge of the upper tube and by the colour of the limb of spathe.C. evae Rataj is one of the largest species of the genus and is related toC. siemensis Gagn, andC. zonata De Wit. It differs fromC. siemensis andC. blasii by the limb of spathe which is twice as broad and long, and by the coloured inner part of the kettle, fromC. zonata by the shape of the leaf-blades.     

Observations on the floral morphology of someDioscorea species (Dioscoreaceae) in Nigeria

Observations on floral morphology of eight species ofDioscorea L., namely,D. bulbifera L.,D. dumetorum (Kunth) Pax,D. hirtiflora Benth.,D. minutiflora Engl.,D. preussii Pax,D. odoratissima Pax,D. rotundata Poir. andD. Smilacifolia De Wild. are presented. The most remarkable distinctive features of the taxa studied are: the presence of large fruits and raceme inflorescences inD. preussii, the absence of pendulous inflorescences inD. dumetorum, and the absence of stalks in female flowers ofD. bulbifera.     

Notes on some African hepatic genera 1–5

The present study deals with five genera of hepatics in Africa, Isotachis Mitt., Anastrophyllum (Spruce) Steph., Tritomaria Schiffn. ex Loeske, Gymnocoleopsis (Schust.) Schust. and Lophozia (Dum.) Dum. All African populations of the genus Isotachis Mitt. are considered to be one species, I. aubertii (Schwaegr.) Mitt. Four species of Anastrophyllum (Spruce) Steph. (s.l.), A. auritum (Lehm.) Steph., A. piligerum (Nees) Spruce, A. subcomplicatum (Lehm. et Lindenb.) Steph. and A. minutum (Schreb.) Schust., and two species of Tritomaria Schiffn. et Loeske, T. camerunensis S. Arnell and T. exsecta (Schrad.) Schiffn. ex Loeske occur in Africa. Gymmocoleopsis multiflora (Steph.) Schust. represents a genus and species hitherto unreported for the African flora. Finally, five Lophozia (Dum.) Dum. species, L. argentina (Steph.) Schust., L. capensis S. Arnell, L. decolorans (Limpr.) Steph., L. hedbergii S. Arnell and L. tristaniana (S. Arnell) Váňa, are reported from central and southern Africa; two of these (L. argentina (Steph.) Schust. and L. decolorans (Limpr.) Steph.) represent the first reports from Africa.     

Studien über dieJungermannioideae (Hepaticae) 10.Nardia

Die vorliegende Studie, die letzte aus der Serie der vorbereiteten, Studien über die SubfamilieJungermannioideue (Jungermanniaceae, Hepaticae) ist den Arten der GattungNardia S. Gray corr.Carring. gewidmet. Die GattungNardia wird in zwei Untergattungen gegliedert, u. zw. Subg.Geoscypharia Trev. mit den Sektionen Sect.Breidlerion Grolle (2 Arten), Sect.Flagelliformes Inoue (2 Arten), Sect.Geoscypharia (6 Arten), Sect.Nudae sect. nova (1 Art) und Sect.Subclavatae Inoue (3 Arten) und Subg.Nardia (1 Art). Von 16 bekannten Arten der Gattung (eine Art, die nur im sterilen Zustand bekannt ist, hat eine unsichere Stellung) sind in dieser Studie 8 Arten (N. breidleri (Limpr.) Lindb.,N. geoscyphus (De Not.) Lindb.,N. insecta Lindb.,N. scalaris S. Gray corr. Trev.,N. nuda (Lindenb. etGott.)Váňa,N. assamica (Mitt.) Amak.,N. succulenta (Rich. exLehm.)Spruce undN. compressa (Hook.) S. Gray corr. Trev.) eingehend taxonomisch bearbeitet. Die verbliebenen 8 Arten wurden schon von anderen Autoren (Amakawa, Grolle, Inoue, Schuster) oder vom Verfasser in früheren Studien bearbeitet.     

Distribution ofAnaphes flavipes in Europe and sources of its importation into the United States

From 1966 through 1970, numerous colonies of an egg parasite,Anaphes flavipes [Foerster] sensuDebauche, were shipped to the United States from many localities in Europe as part of a biological control effort against the cereal leaf beetle,Oulema melanopus (L.). The known European distribution of the parasite is illustrated and the exact source localities of the introduced colonies are indicated. The biology ofA. flavipes and rates of parasitization in Europe are briefly discussed. The identity of the parasite is discussed in connection withA. lemae Bakkendorf.     

Ein Beitrag zur Nomenklatur sphinctozoider Schwämme (Porifera)

The sphinctozoid sponge generaFania Senowbari-Daryan 1990 andSpica Termier &Termier 1977 are preoccupied.Fania is replaced byFanthalamia nom. nov. andSpica by the younger synonymFistulispongia Termier &Termier 1977. The invalid subfamily name FaniinaeSenowbari-Daryan 1990 is replaced by Fanthalamiinae n. subfam. The invalid family and subfamily names SpicidaeTermier &Termier 1977 and SpicinaeSenowbari-Daryan 1990 respectively are replaced by FistulispongiidaeTermier atTermier 1977 and FistulispongiinaeSenowbari-Daryan 1990. The generaWaagenium de Laubenfels 1957 andCatubria Merla 1931 were previously overlooked.Waagenium DeLaubenfels 1957 is a younger synonym ofColospongia Laube 1865. The position ofCatubria Merla 1931 is uncertain. Most probablyCatubria is an alga.     

ClassAsteretea tripolium on the territory of the former USSR and Mongolia

Higher syntaxa of the classAsteretea tripolium are reviewed. This class covers plant communities of the Euro-Asian continent on low- and medium-salinized soils with medium moisture conditions where perennial herbaceous plants (hemicryptophytes) of non-succulent character prevail. On the territory of the former USSR and Mongolia, the classAsteretea tripolium is represented by the following orders:Glauco-Puccinellietalia Beeftink etWesthoff inBeeftink 1962,Cirsietalia esculenti Mirkin etV. Golub exV. Golub ord. novus,Scorzonero-Juncetalia gerardii Vicherek 1973,Halerpestetalia Mirkin et al. exV. Golub ord. novus,Artemisio santonicae-Limonietalia gmelinii V. Golub etV. Solomakha 1988,Suaedetalia corniculatae V. Golub ord. novus. Superspecies and aggregations of species are used for the diagnosis of higher syntaxa.     

Taxonomic status of the belemnite genusBelemnopsis Bayle 1878

The Tethyan genus “Belemnopsis” of authors, notBayle 1878, includes 110–120 Bajocian to Hauterivian belemnite species and subspecies from Europe and the southern hemisphere. Its type species,Belemnites sulcatus Miller 1826 from the Callovian to Oxfordian of England, belongs to the Boreal belemnite genusLagonibelus Gustomesov 1956, since Phillips selected a lectotype for it in 1870. But the subsequent designation of the type species byDouvillé in 1879 is invalid according to Art. 67 (h) ICZN, and consequentlyBelemnopsis Bayle gets a nomen dubium. It is also a homonym ofBelemnopsis Edwards inGray 1849, and has, therefore, to be replaced byPachybelemnopsis Riegraf 1980, a junior subjective synonym, the family Belemnopseidae Naef 1922 by MesohibolitidaeNerodenko 1983, and the suborder BelemnopseinaJeletzky 1965 by PachybelemnopseinaRiegraf inRiegraf et al. 1998.     

Chromosome counts and chromosome morphology of some selected species

In the years 1976–1981 we studied chromosome counts and karyotypic formulae of the following 29 species of plants from 41 localities (of these 6 from Bohemia, 32 from Moravia, 3 from Slovakia):Batrachium baudotii (Godron) F. W. Schultz,Chenopodium rubrum L.,C. polyspermum L.,C. murale L.,C. ficifolium Sm.,C. opulifolium Schrader ex DC. inLam. et DC.,C. strictum Roth [subsp.strictum, subsp.glaucophyllum (Aellen)Aellen inJust etAellen, subsp.striatiforme Uotila],Arenaria grandiflora L.,Illecebrum verticillatum L.,Spergula morisonii Boreau inDuchartre,Spergularia marginata (DC. inLam. et DC.)Kittel S. marina (L.)Griseb.,S. rubra (L.) J. etC. Presl,Silene conica L.,Sisymbrium loeselii L.,S. volgense Bieb. exE. Fourn.,S. orientale L. [subsp. orientale, subsp.macroloma (A. Pomel)Dvo?ák],S. officinale (L.)Scop.,Descurainia sophia (L.)Webb exPrantl inEngler etPrantl,Nasturtium officinale R. Br. inAiton,Barbarea arcuata (Opiz inPresl J. et C.)Reichenb.,Lunaria annua L.,Soldanella montana Willd.,S. carpatica Vierh. inUrban etGraebner,Lotus tenuis Waldst. etKit. exWilld.,L. uliginosus Schkuhr,Trigonella monspeliaca L.,Geranium sibiricum L.,Lactuca tatarica (L.)C. A. Meyer.     

Lower Cambrian tubular micro-to macrofossils from the Paseky Shale of the Barrandian area (Czech Republic)

The carbonaceous megafossil (mega-alga)Marpolia spissa Walcott 1919 is described from the Early Cambrian of the Barrandian area for the first time. Macroscopic remains of colonies ofM. spissa are compared with tubular microfossils of the same rocks. Different areas in colonies ofM. spissa are assignable to several (part-based) genera and species of microfossils. Therefore, the microfossil taxaSiphonophycus robustum (Schopf 1968)Knoll et al. 1991,S. typicum (Hermann 1974)Butterfield 1994,S. kestron Schopf 1968,S. capitaneum Nyberg &Schopf 1984,Polytrichoides lineatus Hermann 1974, emend.Knoll et al. 1991,Tortunema angusta (Kolosov 1984)Butterfield 1994 andTortunema wernadskii (Schepeleva 1960)Butterfield 1994 should only be used as form-species in the sense of an artificial taxonomy. The palaeoenvironment of the Paseky Shale and the biological assignment ofMarpolia spissa are discussed.