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1.
Segments of hypocotyl and cotyledons of aseptically-grown seedlings of Pinus strobus L. (white pine) and P. echinata Mill (shortleaf pine) were used as explants for establishing tissue cultures. Growth and differentiation of callus were studied on a modified Murashige and Skoog's medium containing nutrients and plant growth regulators. Meristems below the surface of callus tissue of P. strobus could be induced on media supplemented with -naphthaleneacetic acid alone or in combination with certain other plant growth regulators. Occasionally, differentiation of shoot buds also occurred on callus cultures. These shoot buds could be grown in vitro but roots did not develop.Abbreviations ABA
abscisic acid
- BA
6-Benzyl-aminopurine
- 2-ip
N6-(2-isopentanyl)-adenine
- GD
Gresshoff and Doy's medium
- GE
Gamborg and Eveleigh's medium
- MS
Modified Murashige and Skoog's medium
- NAA
-naphthaleneacetic acid
- SC
Sommer and Caldas' medium
- TIBA
2,3,5-Triiodobenzoic acid 相似文献
2.
Somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of plants in the bamboo Dendrocalamus strictus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Somatic embryogenesis leading to plant regeneration has been achieved in the bamboo, Dendrocalamus strictus, by culturing seeds (caryopses) on B5 basal medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Callus cultures obtained from the embryonal end of the seeds differentiated chlorophyllous embryoids. On transfer to a germination medium (B5 liquid, sucrose, indolebutyric acid, and -naphthaleneacetic acid) 40% of the embryoids developed into plantlets. Further development of the plantlets occured on B5 liquid medium (half strength) + sucrose (1%) + IBA (5 × 10–7M) + NAA (10–7M).Abbreviations 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- IBA
Indolebutyric acid
- NAA
-naphthaleneacetic acid 相似文献
3.
Hypocotyl explants of three leguminous forest tree species, Albizia amara, A. lucida and A. richardiana, have differentiated shoot buds on B5 basal medium. Maximum number of shoots per explant developed on basal medium augmented with 2,4-D (0.1 M) in A. amara (2) and BA (10 M) for both A. lucida (2) and A. richardiana (1.6). Higher concentrations of auxins in the medium, in general, enhanced rooting and callusing but cytokinins promoted the growth of green calli. BA enchanced the differentiation of shoots in the three species. The in vitro grown shoots of A. amara and A. richardiana, after subculturing on B5+1 M IAA developed roots (up to 30–40%). These plants have been successfully transferred to the field.Abbreviations 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- BA
6-benzylaminopurine
- BM
Gamborg's B5 medium with 0.9% agar+3% sucrose
- IAA
Indole-3-acetic acid
- IBA
Indole-3-butyric acid
- Kn
Kinetin
- NAA
-naphthaleneacetic acid 相似文献
4.
The effects of silver nitrate and different carbohydrate sources on somatic embryogenesis in Coffea canephora 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fuentes Sandra R.L. Calheiros Maria B.P. Manetti-Filho João Vieira Luiz G.E. 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2000,60(1):5-13
The response of five Coffea canephora Pierre genotypes with regard to somatic embryogenesis was tested on media containing silver nitrate (AgNO3) and different carbohydrates (sucrose, fructose, maltose and glucose). The presence of AgNO3 caused only small modifications to the ionic equilibrium of the media. At concentrations between 30–60 M, AgNO3 improved embryo yield for the genotypes evaluated, while higher doses negatively affected the regenerative capacity. The substitution of maltose, glucose or fructose for sucrose produced different responses depending on the genotype. Fructose significantly increased somatic embryo production in genotypes N91 and N128, while maltose was highly effective for N75. In addition, more synchronous embryo development was observed in genotype N91 when glucose was used instead of sucrose. 相似文献
5.
Yong Chul Shin Young Ho Kim Hyun Soo Lee Young Nam Kim Si Myung Byun 《Biotechnology letters》1987,9(9):621-624
Summary In pullulan production from sucrose byAureobasidium
pullulans, a sugar concentration higher than 5% (w/v) inhibited cell growth and the production of exopolysaccharide. By a fed-batch fermentation, the inhibitory effects of the high sugar concentration were overcome and 58.0 g/1 of exopolysaccharide were obtained from 10% sucrose.Abbreviations m, n
relationship parameters for the growth and non-growth associated product formation
- X, Xmax
biomass and maximum biomass concentration (g cell/1)
- P
product concentration (g exopolysaccharide/1)
-
specific growth rate of cell (hr–1) 相似文献
6.
Protoplasts were isolated from 12 day old subcultured phytohormone habituated callus tissue of Gossypium hirsutum L. (0.5% cellulysin-Calbiochem, 0.6% macerase-Calbiochem, 0.7M mannitol, and pH 5.0). After separation and purification (0.35M sucrose floatation medium), the protoplasts were cultured (K3 media of Kao et al., 1974 with 0.9 M BAP, 5 M IAA and 0.35M sucrose) in both liquid and solid medium at a density of 5×105 protoplasts/ml. Four weeks after isolation, cell regeneration and callus formation was observed.Abbreviations IAA
indoleacetic acid
- BAP
6-benzyl-adenine
Arizona Experimental Station Publication No. 4373 相似文献
7.
Comparative effects of sorbitol and sucrose as main carbon energy sources in micropropagation of apricot 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Grazia Marino Gianpaolo Bertazza Eugenio Magnanini Annie Doro Altan 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1993,34(3):235-244
In vitro proliferation and rooting capacity of San Castrese and Portici apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) were tested on modified MS medium enriched with varying growth regulator concentrations and sucrose (58.4 mM) or sorbitol (116.8 mM) as main carbon energy sources. The interaction of proliferation and rooting media was also studied.Proliferation of both cultivars was proportional to benzyladenine (BA) concentration and enhanced with sorbitol media. However, 8.8 M BA was often associated with hyperhydricity, particularly when shoots were grown on sucrose media. Newly proliferated shoots elongated better on sorbitol media. The positive influence of sorbitol on proliferation and shoot growth was not due to osmotic effects. Moreover, sorbitol showed a positive carryover effect in hastening rooting of Portici. By contrast, when transferred to sorbitol rooting media, the shoots of both cultivars generally showed low rooting, with short, thick roots.Up to 70% of the plantlets that produced roots in sucrose media enriched with indolebutyric acid were successfully acclimatized when they were dipped in a benomyl (0.075% w/v) suspension before being transplanted with care being taken to prevent over-wetting of soil.Abbreviations BA
6-benzyladenine
- IBA
indolebutyric acid
- GA3
gibberellic acid
- SEM
standard error of mean 相似文献
8.
Shoot and root organogenesis of Camellia sasanqua 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In vitro-derived shoot tips, (10 mm) taken from primary cultures of Camellia sasanqua L., were evaluated for organogenesis when cultured on a half-strength MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of NAA, IBA, BA and GA3. Maximum shoot proliferation and growth for juvenile and mature tissue was obtained when 0.54 M NAA, 8.8 M BA plus 14.4 to 28.9 M GA3 was added to the culture media, with a pH between 4.5 and 5.0. In vitro-derived shoots (20 mm) from mature C. sasanqua Day Dream and juvenile C. sasanqua cultures initiated roots in vitro after immersion in 2.5 mM IBA for 30 min. Sixty percent of the mature shoots and 90% of the juvenile shoots initiated roots within 3 weeks of treatment with IBA.Abbreviations MS
Murashige and Skoog (1962)
- IBA
lH-indole-3-butanoic acid
- BA
N-(phenyl-methyl)-lH-purine-6-amine
- GA3
gibberellic acid
- kinetin
N-(Z-furanyl-methyl)-lH-purine-6-amine
- NAA
l-naphthaleneacetic acid
- L
Linear
- Q
Quadratic 相似文献
9.
Three field grown Agropyron spp. (crested wheatgrasses) and two Thinopyrum spp. (intermediate and tall wheatgrasses) were evaluated for anther culture response. Hormonally modified potato extract and 85D12 media induced pollen embryogenesis. Modified Murashige and Skoog media were tested for their effects on callus proliferation and plantlet regeneration. Callus induction frequency and plantlet production were highest (25.0% and 45.8%, respectively) for Thinopyrum ponticum (2N=70) (tall wheatgrass). One-hundred and nine albino plantlets were produced from T. ponticum Jose both by direct regeneration on 85D12 medium and through a callus phase from potato extract media. This is the first report of plantlet production from anther culture of a Triticeae perennial forage grass. Further experimentation with environmental and cultural conditions may result in the production of green plantlets.Abbreviations MS
Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium
- NAA
naphthaleneacetic acid
- 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- 2-ip
2-isopentenyladenosine
- 2,4,5-T
2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
Cooperative investigations of the USDA-Agricultural Experiment Station and the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Logan, UT 84322. Approved as Journal Paper No. 3596 相似文献
10.
Freezing tolerance was induced in microspore derived embryos of winter Brassica napus cv. Jet neuf by the addition of ABA or mefluidide to the culture media during embryogenesis. Survival after freezing was estimated by culture of frozen-thawed embryos to plantlets. A higher freezing tolerance (50% survival at –15°C) was induced when 50 M ABA or 3.2 M mefluidide was incorporated initially into the medium during embryogenesis at 25°C followed by culture at 2°C for 3 weeks. When embryos were induced in the absence of ABA or mefluidide and maintained at 2°C for even as long as 12 weeks a lower degree of freezing tolerance (10% survival at –15°C) was obtained. Plants regenerated from embryos hardened maximally by a combination of either ABA or MFD with low temperature did not require further vernalization for flowering.Abbreviations ABA
abscisic acid
- MFD
mefluidide
- 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- LT50
killing temperature for 50% of the embryos 相似文献
11.
A tissue culture protocol for restoring embryogenic ability and increasing green plant regeneration from long-term callus (5-year old) and suspension cultures of Dawson red fescue (Festuca rubra var trichyoplylla Gaud) was developed. Pretreatment with elevated levels of sucrose over the standard level (60 mM) enhanced regeneration capacity and decreased the number of albino plants. The highest degree of embryogenesis and green shoot number occurred when calli were pre-treated on MS basal medium supplemented with 120 mM sucrose. Mannitol caused callus discoloration and death if added to pre-treatment media at 60, 90, 120, 150 or 180 mM. Cell suspension growth was greatest when 135 mM sucrose was added to the pre-treatment growth media. High concentrations of sucrose (135 and 180 mM) were necessary for plant regeneration from suspension aggregates pretreated with 135 or 180 mM sucrose and then plated on a growth regulator-free regeneration medium composed of half-strength MS salts and B5 vitamins.Journal Paper no. 3032 of the Massachuesetts Agricultural Experiment Station 相似文献
12.
R. E. B. Ketchum D. M. Gibson L. Greenspan Gallo 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1995,42(2):185-193
Three cell lines of Taxus brevifolia Nutt. with differing growth rates were used to assess the effects of basal salt mixtures, carbohydrates, organic nitrogen additives, vitamin formulations, and plant growth regulators on callus growth. Gamborg's B5 major salts provided significantly better growth than all other salt formulations tested. The greatest biomass was obtained with 1% total carbohydrate. The best carbohydrate combination, 0.5% fructose + 0.5% sucrose, was significantly better than all other combinations of carbohydrates tested. A complex vitamin mixture was significantly better than any one previously published vitamin formulation. Greatest rates of callus growth were obtained with 4.14 M (1 mg l-1 picloram, 0.46 M (0.1 mg l-1 kinetin, and 0.38 M (0.1 mg l-1) abscisic acid or 0.29 M (0.1 mg l-1 gibberellic acid. Our final medium, TM5, is superior to published methods for the general callus culture of T. brevifolia. This medium has improved growth in three tested cell lines to provide doubling times of 3.5 to 5.6 days, an average 5.3-fold increase over our previously published medium.Abbreviations 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- 2,4,5-T
2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2ip-6-(,-dimethylamino)-purine
- ABA
abscisic acid
- BA
6-benzyladenine
- GA3
gibberellic acid
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- kinetin
6-furfurylaminopurine
- NAA
napthaleneacetic acid
- picloram
4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid 相似文献
13.
Embryogenesis and plant regeneration from anther culture of bamboo (Sinocalamus latiflora (Munro) McClure) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Embryogenic callus was initiated from bamboo (Sinocalumus satiflora (Munro) McClure) anthers cultured on N6 medium supplemented with 1 mg/l 2,4-D, 1 mg/l BA, 2 g/l charcoal, 0.8% agar (Sigma) and 9% sucrose. Anthers with microspores at miduninucleate to early-binucleate stages showed better rate of response for callus induction. Prolonged culture of these embryogenic calli on the original medium or subculture to an auxin-free medium resulted in embryoid formation and their subsequent germination to form rooted plantlets. Chromosome counts from root-tip cells of anther-derived plant indicated that they were haploid (N=36).Abbreviations N6
Chu et al. (1975)
- MS
Murashige and Skoog (1962)
- 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- NAA
-naphthaleneacetic acid
- BA
6-benzylaminopurine 相似文献
14.
Protoplasts isolated from etiolated hypocotyls of 6-day-old seedlings of Brassica juncea cv RLM 198 were cultured in a modified V47 medium containing 7% mannitol, 2% sucrose, 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D, 0.1 mg/l NAA and 0.4 mg/l BAP, at a density of 5×104 protoplasts per ml of medium. Cultures were incubated in the dark at 25+1°C. After 7 d of culture, cell colonies were diluted with 8p medium containing 5% mannitol and a similar hormone combination as described earlier. After 14 d, cell colonies were embedded in 8p medium containing agarose and 3.5% mannitol. Immediately upon gelling, liquid 8p medium was added to each Petri dish as an overlayer, and cultures were incubated in the light. After a total of 3 to 4 weeks in culture, microcalli were obtained. A modified MS medium with 2% sucrose, 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.1 mg/l kinetin solidified with 0.5% agarose was used for growing microcalli into callus lines. On MS medium containing 2% sucrose, 0.1 mg/l IAA, 2.0 mg/l zeatin riboside and 2.0 mg/l BAP, solidified with 0.5% agarose, about 35% of the calli regenerated multiple shoots. The time required from culture of protoplasts to multiple shoot regeneration was about 10 weeks. Regenerated shoots were rooted and plants were re-established in a growth chamber at high frequency.Abbreviations 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- IAA
Indole-3-acetic acid
- NAA
-naphthaleneacetic acid
- BAP
6-benzylaminopurine
- IBA
Indole-3-butyric acid 相似文献
15.
Emily E. Chesick Carl A. Mohn Wesley P. Hackett 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1991,26(2):107-114
White pine embryos were grown on 4 different media with 6 different benzyladenine (BA) concentrations. Maximum adventitious shoot initiation and growth were obtained on a modified Lepoivre medium with 20 M BA. Modified Schenk and Hildebrandt, Murashige and Skoog, and Gresshoff and Doy media were also tested. Shoot elongation was achieved on half-strength basal medium lacking growth regulators. Three rooting experiments involving indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), sucrose concentration, shoot orientation, IBA pulse length, and light or dark were carried out. Treatment of shoots in an upright position with 50 M IBA for eight days followed by culture in a medium with 3% sucrose in the light produced the most rooting (50% at 3 months). Rooted shoots were transplanted to the greenhouse for further growth. 相似文献
16.
Endophytic fungi associated with mature pecan (Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch) nuts prevented successful, contaminant-free in vitro culture of embryo expiants, even after rigorous surface disinfestation of the nuts and careful aseptic shelling. Disinfestation with sodium hypochlorite after shell removal was also unsuccessful, because even dilute concentrations which were ineffective against the fungal contaminants prevented subsequent growth from the embryo. Explanting media with low water availability which would not sustain growth of fungal contaminants, but supported growth from mature pecan embryos, were developed as an alternative disinfestation method. The explanting media were supplemented with 0.9–1.5% agar, and other media components were selectively omitted to test their influence on water availability and fungal growth. Disinfestation of up to 65% of the cultures was accomplished, depending on the medium formulation, compared to 100% loss to contamination on control medium (0.5% agar). A complete medium (containing sucrose, salts, vitamins, 18 M BAP, and 5 M IBA) with 1.5% agar provided control of contamination, and encouraged subsequent regeneration from the embryo expiants, which remained free of contaminant growth through subsequent subcultures.Abbreviations BAP
6-benzylaminopurine
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- MS
Murashige and Skoog medium
- Tween 20
polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-oleate
- juglone
5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 相似文献
17.
Propagation by axillary and multiple axillary bud development was achieved in three native Leptospermum spp. when axillary buds derived from nodal tissues ex mature plants were placed in benzylaminopurine media (0.04–1.0 M) containing macro- and micro-nutrients, sucrose (0.06 M) and a vitamin/amino acid supplement. Reduction of agar concentration from 0.8 to 0.2% greatly stimulated axillary bud development and growth in L. flavescens and L. brachyandrum. Rooting of axillary shoots was stimulated by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and p-chlorophenoxy acetic acid in L. flavescens at concentrations of 5 and 1 M respectively. In L. petersonii ssp. root initiation and development was favoured by -naphthoxyacetic acid (1 M) and in L. brachyandrum indole butyric acid and -naphthalene acetic acid (1 M) were almost equally effective. 相似文献
18.
The presence of 1–10 M aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) or 5–30 M AgNO3 markedly enhanced shoot regeneration from cotyledon and hypocotyl cultures of eight recalcitrant Brassica campestris and B. juncea genotypes tested. Expiants of B. campestris ssp. chinensis and ssp. parachinensis grown with a high AVG concentration (20 M), regenerated poorly. All cytokinins tested were equally effective in promoting shoot formation, except that kinetin was inhibitory to shoot regeneration from hypocotyls of B. campestris ssp. pekinensis (cv. Wong Bok). Both AgNO3 and AVG had no effect on percent rooting and number of roots per rooted cutting of Wong Bok, White Sun and Leaf Heading, but AgNO3 was inhibitory to rooting of India Mustard. However, root elongation of all cuttings was markedly inhibited by AVG at concentrations of 5 and 10 M.Abbreviations AVG
aminoethoxyvinylglycine
- BA
benzyladenine
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- 2ip
6-{ie195-01}-{ie195-02}-dimethylallylamino purine
- MS
Murashige and Skoog
- NAA
naphthaleneacetic acid 相似文献
19.
Winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) anthers were cultured on different liquid and on starch-solidified media. The optimal embryo and callus formation with different F1-lines and the cv. Igri was obtained on a liquid medium with 20% Ficoll, 20 g/l maltose and barley starch. But the influence of the growth conditions of the donor plants and the genotypical differences are still enormous. The procedure has been optimized to such an extent that it can be used economically. 相似文献
20.
Summary Ancymidol and flurprimidol were tested for their ability to induce in vitro rooting on axillary proliferated shoots of white pine (Pinus strobus L.). Shoots were treated for 30 days (pulse) with growth regulators, then subcultured to 0.5X medium for conifer morphogenesis without growth regulators. A pulse treatment containing 5 M ancymidol and 0.54 M naphthaleneacetic acid resulted in 43% rooted shoots, whereas a pulse treatment with 0.54 M naphthaleneacetic acid alone resulted in 7% root formation. Flurprimidol also stimulated rooting of white pine shoots, but was less effective than ancymidol. No detrimental effects on shoot growth were observed with the gibberellin synthesis inhibitors at the 5 M concentration used. Some rooted shoots were successfully acclimatized to the greenhouse.Abbreviations ancymidol
-cyclopropyl-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-pyrimidinemethanol
- flurprimidol
-(1-methylethyl--[4-trifluromethoxy)phenyl]-5-pyridinemethanol
- GA
gibberellin
- MCM
medium for conifer morphogenesis
- NAA
1-naphthaleneacetic acid 相似文献