珍稀濒危植物南方铁杉种群动态研究

以种群生命表及生存分析理论为基础,编制南方铁杉种群静态生命表,绘制存活曲线、死亡率曲线、亏损度曲线、死亡密度函数曲线、积累死亡函数曲线和危险率函数曲线,分析种群生命过程。结果表明,南方铁杉有一个死亡最低峰,存活曲线趋于Deevey-Ⅱ型。并应用谱分析方法研究南方铁杉种群动态,结果表明,在南方铁杉种群自然更新过程中并没有表现出明显的周期性。     

珍稀濒危植物长苞铁杉种群生命表分析

以种群生命表及生存分析理论为基础,编制珍稀濒危植物长苞铁杉种群生命表,绘制死亡密度函数曲线、危险率函数曲线及生存曲线,分析种群动态趋势。结果表明,长苞铁杉种群有２个死亡高峰,存活曲线趋于Ｄｅｅｖｅｙ－Ⅱ型。     

武夷山米槠种群生命表分析

根据武夷山国家级自然保护区米槠种群的调查材料,编制其静态生命表,进行生成分析,通过绘制亏损率曲线,存活曲线,死亡率曲线,生存函数曲线,分析种群数量动态变化,结果表明,米槠种群有1个死亡高峰,出现在Ⅱ龄级的年龄阶段,存活曲线趋于Deevey-Ⅲ型,引入生命表中的几个函数能较好地说明种群的结构和动态变化。     

木荷天然种群生命表分析

以种群生命表及生存分析理论为基础,编制的木荷种群特定时间生命表,绘制死亡密度函数曲线、危险率函数曲线及生存曲线,分析种群动态趋势。结果表明,木荷种群有3个死亡高峰,个体平均生存能力的期望在第3龄级最大;存活曲线属于典型的Deevey-Ⅲ型,种群前期存活数随龄级急剧下降,只有11%的幼株能进入第2龄级,而后期存活值波动不大。     

广西大明山自然保护区蛇足石杉种群生命表及生存分析

为进一步探讨蛇足石杉濒危的机制, 以广西大明山自然保护区蛇足石杉种群为调查对象, 采用分段匀滑技术编制蛇足石杉种群静态生命表, 进行种群生存分析, 通过绘制亏损率曲线、存活曲线、死亡率曲线、生存函数曲线, 分析种群数量及动态变化。结果表明: 该蛇足石杉种群存活曲线趋于Deevey-Ⅱ型, 种群生长过程中在第Ⅳ龄级存在一个死亡高峰。说明在自然保护的情况下蛇足石杉种群的生存状况仍然严峻, 需适当进行人工保护并加强资源调查, 对优良种质进行异地保护。     

天目山自然保护区银杏天然种群生命表

以种群生命表和生存分析理论为基础,采用空间代替时间法和分段匀滑技术,编制浙江天目山自然保护区银杏天然种群特定时间生命表,绘制其死亡率曲线、消失率曲线、存活曲线和生存函数曲线,分析种群数量动态变化.结果表明:银杏种群结构存在波动性,趋于Deevey Ⅱ型,其成年阶段的个体较丰富;银杏种群死亡率和消失率曲线变化趋势基本一致...     

福建东山岛海岸带潺槁树种群生命表分析

为揭示海岸带天然植被中潺槁树种群生命过程,对东山岛海岸带风积沙地潺槁树林进行调查和数据统计,通过编制种群生命表,绘制存活曲线、死亡率曲线、亏损度曲线、死亡密度函数曲线、积累死亡函数曲线和危险率函数曲线,分析了其种群的年龄结构。结果表明,该种群的年龄结构呈反J分布型、属于增长型种群。其存活曲线介于Deevey-Ⅱ型和Deevey-Ⅲ型之间,呈现2个死亡高峰。4个生存函数值(生存率、积累死亡率、死亡密度、危险率)均说明该种群具有前期增长、后期稳定的特点。潺槁树是南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林优势种之一,对土壤、光的适应性强且生长迅速的一种优良前顶极种。研究结果对海岸带天然植被的恢复和重建提供了早期研究基础。     

历山自然保护区秃山白树天然种群生命表

秃山白树是中国特有单种属植物山白树的变种,为国家二级保护植物,仅分布于山西历山自然保护区.为更好地了解其种群数量动态,保护该种群持续稳定发展,在历山自然保护区,采用样地与样方调查相结合的方法,调查了秃山白树的种群结构,编制了秃山白树静态生命表,绘制了其年龄结构图、存活曲线、死亡曲线、消失率曲线、生存函数曲线、累积死亡率函数曲线、危险率函数曲线和死亡密度函数曲线.结果表明:秃山白树种群幼龄级个体数量较多,老龄个体数量较少,表明现阶段秃山白树整体为增长型种群;种群死亡率生长前期高于后期,在Ⅱ和Ⅳ龄级的年龄阶段出现死亡率高峰,种群存活曲线趋于Deevey-Ⅱ型;生存率曲线单调下降,累积死亡率曲线单调上升,其下降或增加的幅度是前期高于后期;种群死亡密度函数曲线较为平缓,在Ⅲ龄级死亡密度较大;危险率函数随着龄级的增加不断增大.     

山西灵丘天然青檀种群数量动态

青檀是我国特有的珍稀濒危植物,为了更好地了解该种群数量动态,保护该种群持续稳定发展,在山西灵丘青檀自然保护区内采用样方法调查了青檀种群,编制种群静态生命表,绘制存活曲线,死亡率曲线和消失率曲线,引入生存函数,运用种群动态量化分析方法对种群动态变化进行分析。结果表明：种群数量变化动态指数大于零,种群属于增长型,但种群在发展过程中存在波动性;存活曲线拟合结果表明种群趋于DeeveyⅡ型。种群死亡率和消失率曲线变化趋势基本一致,在第3龄级出现高峰。生存率和累计死亡率曲线在前期变化幅度较大,后期两曲线变化趋于平缓;死亡密度前期高于后期,而危险率随着龄级的增加不断增大。     

河北辽河源自然保护区油松种群年龄结构和种群动态

本文基于种群生命表和生存分析理论,应用"空间代替时间"的方法和匀滑技术,编制了辽河源自然保护区油松(Pinus tabuliformis)种群的静态生命表,并绘制了其死亡率曲线、消失率曲线、存活曲线以及生存函数曲线。结果表明:油松种群呈波动式的发展,经历3次死亡高峰;种群年龄结构呈倒"J"型,幼苗数量较多,但从幼苗发展到幼树(第1龄级→第2龄级)阶段需通过环境筛的高强度选择,经历第1次死亡高峰;第2次和第3次死亡高峰分别发生在油松由次林层向主林层过渡时期(第7龄级→第8龄级)和生长后期(第11龄级→第12龄级),分别是竞争导致的自疏作用和步入生理死亡年龄的结果;种群的存活曲线趋近于Deevy-II型,为稳定型种群;4个生存函数表明,种群动态具有前期减少,中期稳定,后期衰退的特点。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.