非小细胞肺癌患者化疗前后外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的变化

目的:探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者细胞化疗前后T淋巴细胞亚群的变化及其意义.方法:采用流式细胞术检测NSCLC患者及健康对照者外周血中CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+及NK细胞的比例.结果:与对照组比较,NSCLC患者化疗前及化疗后CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+、NK细胞含量均显著降低(P＜0.01);化疗后CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+、NK细胞比例与化疗前比较均显著升高(P＜0.05);化疗前后CD8+细胞比例无显著变化(P＞0.05).治疗后疾病控制组(DCR)患者的CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+及NK细胞均显著高于治疗后进展(PD)组患者组(P＜0.05);CD8+细胞的比例无显著性变化(P＞0.05).结论:NSCLC患者细胞免疫功能低下,通过流式细胞术检测患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及NK细胞的变化对评估患者的细胞免疫功能及肿瘤化疗疗效具有重要的临床意义.     

不同临床类型乙型病毒感染者外周血T 细胞亚群与血清HBV DNA 载量 及HBeAg 滴度相关性分析

目的:探讨慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染患者外周血T细胞亚群与血清HBV DNA载量及HbeAg滴度的关系。方法:选取103名HBV感染患者和20名健康者为研究对象。流式细胞术检测外周血T细胞亚群,聚合酶链式反应及酶免疫分析法分别检测血清HBV DNA载量及HbeAg滴度。结果:慢性乙型肝炎患者和慢性HBV携带者外周血CD3+T、CD4+T淋巴细胞亚群百分数低于健康对照组,结果有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01;而CD8+T细胞亚群则呈现相反趋势,结果亦有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。HBeAg阴性组中,HBVDNA水平与CD8+T细胞亚群百分数呈正相关(r=0.567,P<0.01),与CD4+/CD8+T细胞亚群百分数比值呈负相关(r=-0.601,P<0.01),而与CD3+T、CD4+T细胞亚群百分数无相关性。HBeAg阳性组中,HBV DNA水平及HbeAg滴度与CD3+T、CD4+T、CD8+T细胞百分数及CD4+/CD8+T细胞百分数均无相关性(P>0.05)。结论:不同临床类型的慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染患者外周血T细胞亚群存在不同程度细胞免疫功能降低和细胞免疫调节异常。HbeAg阴性的HBV感染患者,其血清HBV DNA水平与外周血T淋巴细胞免疫存在相关性。     

鼻咽癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群水平分析

目的:研究鼻咽癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群水平的特点、影响因素及临床意义。方法:运用流式细胞仪对66例鼻咽癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群进行检测,并分析患者T淋巴细胞亚群变化,比较其与正常人群对照组的差异。结果:鼻咽癌患者CD4+细胞数减少(40.58±15.26%),明显低于正常对照组(P0.01),CD8+细胞数增加,Th/Ts比值下降或倒置(0.92±0.57)。结论:鼻咽癌患者存在细胞免疫功能紊乱,检测鼻咽癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的表达对评估患者的细胞免疫功能、疾病的治疗及预后具有一定的临床意义。     

四君子汤加减对大肠癌术前化疗病人免疫功能的影响

目的观察四君子汤加减对大肠癌术前新辅助化疗病人细胞免疫调节作用的影响。方法将40例大肠癌患者按治疗方案分成A组(单纯化疗组)20例,B组(化疗+四君子汤加减治疗组)20例,比较治疗前、后患者细胞免疫功能的变化。结果A、B两组CD3、CD4、NK细胞、CD4/CD8均下降,但下降幅度A组大于B组。A组CD3、CD4、NK细胞明显下降,治疗前、后对比差异有统计学意义(P0.05);CD4/CD8亦有下降,CD8上升,但治疗前、后比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。B组治疗后CD3、CD4、NK细胞及CD4/CD8亦有下降,CD8上升,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论化疗使大肠癌患者细胞免疫功能明显下降,联合四君子汤加减治疗可望使细胞免疫功能得到改善。     

应用流式细胞术分析林麝外周血 CD4+、CD8+ T淋巴细胞

通过对圈养林麝(Moschusberezovskii)外周血淋巴细胞CD4~+、CD8~+亚群的检测,探讨林麝细胞免疫功能状态,并探索应用流式细胞仪分析其淋巴细胞亚群的方法,为研究林麝重大疾病的病理机制及诊断方法提供科学依据。本研究选取健康林麝和患呼吸道疾病林麝各5头,以双色流式细胞术检测其外周血淋巴细胞CD4~+、CD8~+亚群的含量,并进行比较。结果显示,羊源CD4、CD8的流式荧光抗体能够标记林麝细胞并有效检测;患病林麝与健康林麝相比,外周血CD4~+细胞含量无差异(P 0.05),CD8~+细胞含量则显著降低(P 0.01),CD4~+/CD8~+比值显著增高(P 0.01)。结果表明,患呼吸系统炎性疾病的林麝其外周血淋巴细胞CD8~+亚群变化显著,检测淋巴细胞亚群对林麝疾病的诊断有重要意义。     

不同麻醉方法对胃肠道肿瘤手术病人细胞免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨不同麻醉方法对胃肠道肿瘤患者围术期外周血T细胞亚群以及白细胞介素-2(IL-2)的影响.方法:选择胃肠道肿瘤手术患者40例,随机分为两组.采用单纯全麻者为对照组,采用全麻复合硬膜外麻醉者为治疗组.分别于麻醉前、麻醉后不同时间点抽取静脉血,流式细胞术测定CD4+T及CD8+T细胞亚群数量,ELISA法测定血清IL-2的浓度.结果:麻醉后两组患者的CD4+T细胞、CD4+/CD8+比值和血清IL-2浓度均有所下降,与麻醉前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),治疗组患者的CD4+T细胞及IL-2下降程度不如对照组患者明显,且恢复较快,两组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:胃肠道肿瘤患者在麻醉手术后其细胞免疫功能受到不同程度的抑制,但复合麻醉较单纯全麻的免疫抑制效应低且恢复较快.     

急性病毒性肝炎患者外周血T 细胞亚群的检测和分析

目的:检测急性甲、乙型病毒性肝炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化,探讨其对疗效和预后意义。方法:采用APAAP桥联酶标法检测115例急性甲、乙型病毒型肝炎患者外周血CD3+、CD4+、CD8+T细胞亚群比例,计算CD4+/CD8+值。并检测了34例患者治疗前后T淋巴细胞亚群变化。结果:115例急性甲、乙型病毒性肝炎患者外周血CD3+、CD4+T细胞比例及CD4+/CD8+值均低于正常对照组(P<0.05),而CD8+T细胞比例均高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。6例无明显疗效者,各亚群比例在治疗前后无显著差异(P>0.05)。28例有明显疗效者,治疗后各亚群比例恢复正常水平,与治疗前相比差别具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:急性甲、乙型病毒性肝炎患者外周血CD4+/CD8+T细胞比值可在一定程度上反映疗效及预后。     

CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞与艾滋病疾病进展的关系概论

艾滋病是全球流行的一种严重传染病,严重损害机体免疫系统,病死率高,至今仍无治愈手段。该病以破环细胞免疫功能为主,因此,认识疾病病程的免疫状态对于进一步探索治疗艾滋病的方法意义重大。CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞在感染性疾病、移植耐受、自身免疫等疾病中的免疫作用是近年来研究热点。在艾滋病中,CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞发挥着重要的免疫作用,研究在不同疾病阶段该细胞亚群所起作用将有助于我们揭示疾病免疫机制。本文概述了CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞频率与艾滋病疾病进展的关系。     

不同临床类型乙型病毒感染者外周血T细胞亚群与血清HBVDNA载量及HBeAg滴度相关性分析

目的：探讨慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染患者外周血T细胞亚群与血清HBVDNA载量及HbeAg滴度的关系。方法：选取103名HBV感染患者和20名健康者为研究对象。流式细胞术检测外周血T细胞亚群,聚合酶链式反应及酶免疫分析法分别检测血清HBVDNA载量及HbeAg滴度。结果：慢性乙型肝炎患者和慢性HBV携带者外周血CD3可、CD4T淋巴细胞亚群百分数低于健康对照组,结果有统计学意义（P〈0．05或0．01;而CD8＋T细胞亚群则呈现相反趋势,结果亦有统计学意义（P〈0．05或0．01）。HBeAg阴性组中,HBVDNA水平与CD8T细胞亚群百分数呈正相关（r=0．567,P〈0．01）,与CD47CD8＋T细胞亚群百分数比值呈负相关（r=-0．601,P〈0．01）,而与CD3＋T、CD4＋T细胞亚群百分数无相关性。HBeAg阳性组中,HBVDNA水平及HbeAg滴度与cD3＋1r、cD41、CD8叮细胞百分数及CD47CD8＋T细胞百分数均无相关性（P〉0．05）。结论：不同临床类型的慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染患者外周血T细胞亚群存在不同程度细胞免疫功能降低和细胞免疫调节异常。HbeAg阴性的HBV感染患者,其血清HBVDNA水平与外周血T淋巴细胞免疫存在相关性。     

苦参碱注射液对宫颈癌患者化疗的增敏作用及对T细胞亚群、CA125、IL-6的影响

目的:研究苦参碱注射液对宫颈癌患者化疗的增敏作用及对T细胞亚群、CA125、IL-6的影响。方法:选择2015年4月至2017年3月在我院进行宫颈癌治疗的76例患者,随机将其均分为观察组(59例)和对照组(59例),对照组患者给予化疗,而观察组则在对照组化疗的基础上增加苦参碱注射液进行治疗,记录并比较两组患者治疗前后T细胞亚群、CA125及IL-6水平的变化、肿瘤病灶面积的改善情况、临床疗效及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组患者的肝肾功能损伤、骨髓抑制剂胃肠道反应等不良反应发生率、血清CA125及IL-6水平均明显低于对照组(P0.05),而总有效率(81.58%)显著高于对照组(50.00%)(P0.05),CD3~+、CD4~+及CD4/CD8~+水平也明显高于对照组(P0.05),而观察组患者CD8~+水平则明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:苦参碱注射液辅助宫颈癌化疗的增敏效果显著,能有效降低患者CA125及IL-6水平,显著改善机体T细胞免疫功能。     

Embryo and Endosperm Function and Failure inSolanumSpecies and Hybrids

Although the importance of the endosperm as a food store inmany angiosperm seeds is well known, its significance duringearly embryogenesis has been neglected. In many interspecifichybrids, and in some other situations, embryos do not developfully and abort. It has often been stated that this is causedby the endosperm failing to conduct sufficient nutrients tothe embryo, but seldom has it been suggested that the endospermactively controls most of the early stages of morphogenesisof the embryo. Information gleaned from a broad survey of theliterature, combined with additional evidence presented here,obtained fromSolanum incanumand interspecific hybrids, indicatethat the endosperm is dynamic and very active in regulatingearly embryo development. This requires highly integrated geneticcontrol of rapidly changing metabolism in the endosperm. Ininterspecific hybrids, lack of coordination may cause unbalancedproduction of growth regulating substances by the endospermand hence abortion of the embryo, or even unregulated productionof nucleases and proteases resulting firstly in autolysis ofthe endosperm and then digestion of the embryo. The endospermmay thus serve to detect inappropriate hybridization of speciesor ploidy levels and so prevent waste of resources by producingseeds that would result in sterile hybrids or unthrifty subsequentgenerations. This discriminatory function of the endosperm hasdiminished during evolution and domestication of the crop plantSolanummelongenaL.Copyright 1998 Annals of Botany Company Solanum, embryo morphogenesis, endosperm, hybrid, seed development.     

HIFs and tumors--causes and consequences

For most organisms oxygen is essential fo life. When oxygen levels drop below those required to maintain the minimum physiological oxygen requirement of an organism or tissue it is termed hypoxia. To counter act possible deleterious effects of such a state, an immediate molecular response is initiated causing adaptation responses aimed at cell survival. This response is mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha- and a beta-subunit. HIF-1 alpha protein is stabilized under hypoxic conditions and therefore confers selectivity to this response. Hypoxia is characteristic of tumors, mainly because of impaired blood supply resulting from abnormal growth. Over the past few years enormous progress has been made in the attempt to understand how the activation of the physiological response to hypoxia influences neoplastic growth. In this review some aspects of HIF-1 pathway activation in tumors and the consequences for pathophysiology and treatment of neoplasia are discussed.     

Pragmatic Women and Body Politics and Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific

Pragmatic Women and Body Politics. Margaret Lock and Patricia A. Kaufert. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xii +364 pp.
Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific. Kalpana Ram and Margaret Jolly. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xiv. 305 pp.     

环腺苷酸应答元件结合蛋白与学习记忆

环腺苷酸(cAMP)应答元件结合蛋白(cAMP response element binding protein,CREB)是一种核转录因子,可与cAMP反应元件结合,调节基因转录,具有调节精子生成,昼夜节律,学习记忆等功能.近年来关于其在学习记忆中的作用成为医学研究热点.CREB是神经元内多条信息传递途径的汇聚点,参与长时记忆形成和突触可塑性.长时记忆(long-term memory)形成需依赖CREB介导的基因转录,干扰或抑制CREB活性可破坏长时记忆.长时程增强(long-term potentiation,LTP)是研究学习记忆的理想模型,在LTP诱导和维持过程中均可观察到CREB活性持续升高.但增龄过程中,海马CREB活性下降,影响学习记忆功能,与许多神经退行性疾病发生有关.     

Relative and combined effects of ethanol and protein deficiency on strontium and barium bone content and fecal and urinary excretion

To elucidate accumulation of minerals in human iliac arteries with aging, the content of minerals was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Bilateral common, internal, and external iliac arteries of 16 men and 8 women, ranging ages from 65 to 93 yr, were examined. It was found that an extremely high accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred in the common iliac artery at old age, being higher than that of the internal and external iliac arteries. It should be noted that the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus is the highest in the common iliac artery among the human arteries examined to date. Regarding sexual differences, the content of calcium and phosphorus in the common and internal iliac arteries was higher in women than in men, whereas their content in the external iliac artery was lower in women than in men.