红托竹荪多糖抗疲劳和耐缺氧作用研究

考察红托竹荪多糖(Dictyophora rubrovalvata polysaccharide,DRP)抗疲劳和耐缺氧活性。采用水提醇沉法提取DRP,建立小鼠负重游泳模型和耐缺氧模型,同时灌胃不同剂量的DRP溶液,15 d后测定小鼠力竭游泳时间、耐缺氧时间以及小鼠力竭游泳后血乳酸(BLA)、血尿素氮(BUN)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)和肝糖原、肌糖原含量。实验结果表明DRP能延长负重小鼠的游泳时间,降低疲劳小鼠BLA、BUN、MDA含量,升高SOD、肝糖原和肌糖原含量,延长小鼠常压耐缺氧存活时间。     

黄芪多糖抗小鼠疲劳的作用机制研究

目的:探讨黄芪多糖对小鼠的抗疲劳作用及机制。方法:该研究分为实验组和对照组两组,实验组设置三组剂量0.2,0.05,0.0125 g/kg对小鼠连续灌胃28天,对照组给予蒸馏水灌胃,进行负重游泳试验计算游泳力竭时间,并检测小鼠全血中血糖,血中乳酸含量,肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量及肌组织中糖原储备量。结果:1).与对照组相比较,黄芪多糖低剂量、高剂量组小鼠负重游泳时力竭时间明显延长;2).中剂量组小鼠运动后肝脏SOD活力值比对照组明显增高,高剂量组肌糖原的储存量明显升高,而低剂量组乳酸明显降低。结论:黄芪多糖具有抗疲劳作用,可能通过增加抗氧化酶类SOD活性、减少乳酸的产生及增加肌糖原能量储存等途径起作用。     

γ-氨基丁酸茶对小鼠抗疲劳作用的研究

目的:研究γ-氨基丁酸茶对小鼠的抗疲劳作用.方法:采用昆明种小鼠游泳力竭实验,实验动物分为γ-氨基丁酸茶高、中和低实验组及空白对照组,分别检测游泳力竭时间,测定小鼠血糖、肝糖原、肌糖原,血清BUN、LDH、CK、SOD、MDA、GSH-PX,以及游泳前后的血乳酸.结果:γ-氨基丁酸茶对小鼠的实验期间的体重无明显影响.力...     

淫羊藿苷对小鼠力竭游泳时间及力竭恢复小鼠血清生化指标的影响

为探讨淫羊藿苷(icariin,ICA)对小鼠力竭游泳时间及力竭恢复小鼠血清生化指标的影响,对小鼠以不同剂量的ICA灌胃12 d,进行一次性力竭游泳,恢复24 h后,用超微量微孔板分光光度计测定小鼠血清的丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)活性和丙二醛(MDA)、血尿素氮(BUN)、血糖(SG)含量,用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)同工酶.结果表明,ICA中剂量组小鼠力竭游泳时间明显延长(P＜0.05),血清的ALT、AST活性和MDA、BUN含量以及LDH总活力与对照组相比都有显著性降低(P＜0.05),SG无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结果说明,淫羊藿苷中剂量组具有较强的抗疲劳作用.     

杜仲多糖改善运动疲劳的研究

目的：评价杜仲多糖（EUP）抗运动性疲劳的效果。方法：40只昆明小鼠建立一个5周的小鼠游泳模型,将小鼠分为运动对照组、蔗糖对照组、高剂量EUP组和低剂量EUP组（n=10）,服药采取灌胃的方式。训练期结束后,测定各组小鼠的体重变化与游泳力竭时间、力竭游泳后动物的血糖浓度、血乳酸（BLA）浓度、血尿素氮（BUN）浓度、肌酸激酶（CK）活性、肝糖原、肌糖原含量变化。结果：EUP高剂量与低剂量组小鼠较对照组体重增加明显,E UP高剂量游泳力竭时间显著延长（P<0.05）、血清CK活性和BUN含量显著下降（P <0.05）,但血糖、肝肌糖原以及BLA的水平变化不明显。结论：EUP具有抗运动性疲劳的作用,其机理与其调节机体糖代谢、节约蛋白质有关。     

阿里红多糖对小鼠抗疲劳和耐缺氧的作用*

目的:研究阿里红多糖对小鼠的抗疲劳和耐缺氧作用。方法:将48只小鼠随机分为4组(n=12),即对照组,低、中、高剂量阿里红多糖组(100、200、400 mg/kg)。各组小鼠按0.20 ml/10 g每日连续灌胃21 d后,观察不同剂量的阿里红多糖对小鼠负重游泳时间,运动后血清尿素氮、血乳酸、肝糖原、肌糖原含量和常压耐缺氧存活时间、断头后呼吸维持时间的影响。结果:与对照组相比,阿里红多糖能延长小鼠负重游泳时间、耐缺氧存活时间及断头后呼吸维持时间,其中中、高剂量组差异均极显著(P＜0.01),低剂量组差异显著(P＜0.05);阿里红多糖能降低运动小鼠血清尿素氮、血乳酸含量,增加运动小鼠肝糖原、肌糖原含量,且大都差异显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜ 0.01)。结论:阿里红多糖具有抗疲劳作用和提高耐缺氧能力作用。     

高原红景天抗疲劳作用的研究

目的：探讨高原红景天在抗运动性疲劳的作用,并阐明其抗疲劳的作用机制。方法：将200只雄性ICR小鼠随机分为四组（n=50）,即：负重游泳组、血清尿素氮测定组、血乳酸测定组和肝糖原测定组;每个大组又随机将小鼠分成5个小组（n=10）：低、中、高剂量红景天组、空白（H,O）对照组和糖（13．3％葡萄糖溶液）对照组。比较各组小鼠体重、力竭性游泳时间、血清尿素、血乳酸浓度及肝糖原水平的变化。结果：红景天各剂量组与空白对照组、糖对照组相比,负重游泳时间均明显延长（P〈0．05）;高、中、低各红景天剂量组均可使运动后小鼠的血尿素含量显著降低（P〈0．05）;中、高红景天剂量组与2个对照组相比,均明显提高了小鼠肝脏内肝糖原的含量;10min游泳后,各组小鼠体内的血乳酸值都有了相应程度的提升,各剂量红景天组血乳酸值与2个对照组差异均具有显著性（P〈0．05）。20rain休息后各测量组小鼠体内的血乳酸值都有不同程度的下降。结论：红景天具有延缓疲劳发生和促进疲劳恢复的作用。     

决明子水煎液复合4周游泳训练对小鼠运动性疲劳的干预作用*

目的:探究决明子水煎液复合4周游泳训练对小鼠抗疲劳能力的影响。方法:将40只雄性ICR小鼠随机分为4组,每组10只。对照组每天灌胃20 ml蒸馏水,连续4周;运动组是在对照组的基础上增加了运动干预;决明子组每天灌胃20 ml剂量为1 mg/ml的决明子水煎液;决明子运动组在决明子组的基础上增加了运动干预,运动干预为4周的无负重游泳训练。观察小鼠的力竭游泳运动时间、RMR、SOD、MDA和GSH-Px水平。采用One-Way ANOVE对所得数据进行组间比较,多重比较采用S-N-K法。结果:小鼠的RMR、SOD、MDA和GSH-Px水平在组间存在显著性差异(P＜0.05),力竭游泳运动时间存在着极显著性差异(P＜ 0.01);力竭游泳运动时间、GSH-Px和SOD水平在不同组间的排序为对照组＜运动组＜决明子组＜决明子运动组,MDA水平的排序为决明子运动组＜决明子组＜运动组＜对照组,RMR的排序为决明子组＜决明子运动组或对照组＜对照组或运动组(P＜0.05)。结论:决明子的药物作用和运动训练的刺激都能够不同程度地提高机体的抗疲劳能力,单一手段干预时决明子优于4周游泳训练,复合干预总体上优于单一手段的干预效果。     

连翘叶黄酮对力竭游泳恢复小鼠的抗疲劳作用研究

为探讨连翘叶黄酮(flavonoids from Forsythia suspense leaves,FFL)对力竭运动恢复小鼠的抗疲劳作用,对小鼠以FFL或同体积生理盐水灌胃30 d,进行一次性力竭游泳,恢复24 h后,测定小鼠肝脏、心肌和股四头肌的SOD活性和MDA含量,并观察这几个脏器的亚显微结构.结果表明,运动+FFL大剂量组这三种组织的SOD活性较运动对照组和安静对照组高(P＜0.05),而MDA水平则较运动对照组低(P＜0.05),与安静对照组无显著差异(P＞0.05).透射电镜的观察结果表明,运动+FFL大剂量组小鼠三种组织中的微损伤均较运动对照组轻.该结果说明,连翘叶黄酮可有效保护一次性力竭运动对小鼠的肝脏、心肌和股四头肌造成的微损伤.     

蚂蚁水提取物抗疲劳的研究

目的:研究蚂蚁水提取物抗疲劳作用及其机制,为提高运动员训练效果及比赛成绩提供科学方法。方法:将80只小鼠随机分为4组(n=20):阴性生理盐水对照组、蚂蚁水提取物分为高、中、低三个剂量组,比较各组小鼠力竭游泳时间、肝糖原、肌糖原、乳酸脱氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、血乳酸和血尿素氮的差异,研究蚂蚁水提取物抗疲劳的效果和机制。结果:与阴性生理盐水对照组比较,蚂蚁水提取物中高剂量组能够延长小鼠负重游泳时间(P<0.01),提高小鼠乳酸脱氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活力(P<0.01),降低血乳酸和血尿素氮含量(P<0.01),提高小鼠肌糖原储备量,但对肝糖原的储备量影响不大。结论:蚂蚁水提取物能起到抗疲劳作用,其原因可能是它提高了乳酸脱氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活力,使得代谢产物的分解加快,从而小鼠在耐力运动中坚持更久的时间。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.