汉滩病毒囊膜糖蛋白G1、G2腺病毒载体的表达及免疫分析

为了研究利用腺病毒载体表达汉滩病毒囊膜糖蛋白G1、G2的可行性及免疫原性。通过克隆76-118株G1、G2基因至腺病毒表达载体pAdTrackCMV,得到阳性克隆padTrackCMV-G1、G2。PmeI线性化的阳性克隆与腺病毒骨架载体pAdeasy-1共转化BJ5183宿主菌,经同源重组后得到重组病毒rAdeasy-G1、rAdeasy-G2。重组病毒经PacI线性化后,脂质体介导转染293细胞,使重组病毒得到扩增。将重组病毒免疫Balb／c小鼠,并通过ELISA和间接免疫荧光对免疫小鼠血清进行了分析。结果表明,rAdeasy—G1组六只免疫小鼠、rAdeasy—G2组4只免疫小鼠均产生了能与汉滩病毒抗原发生反应的特异抗体。该研究为进一步研制以腺病毒为活载体的汉坦病毒工程疫苗奠定了基础。     

汉滩病毒膜蛋白重组腺病毒的构建表达及免疫效果研究

探讨利用腺病毒载体作为汉滩病毒基因工程疫苗载体的可行性。通过PCR扩增,得到完整的汉滩病毒76-118株M片段编码区,将该片段克隆入质粒pAdTrackCMV的CMV启动子下游,得到阳性克隆pAdTrackCMV—M。Pmel线性化的阳性克隆与腺病毒骨架载体pAdEasy—1共转化大肠杆菌BJ5183,经同源重组后得到重组病毒pAdEasy—M。pAdEasy—M经PacI线性化后,脂质体介导转染293细胞,经Western—blot检测表明,G1、G2基因在293细胞中得到表达。重组病毒免疫BALB／c小鼠,产生了具有一定中和活性的抗体。该研究为进一步研制以腺病毒为活载体的工程疫苗奠定了基础。     

炭疽杆菌保护性抗原(PA)重组腺病毒的构建及免疫效果分析

探讨利用腺病毒载体作为炭疽杆菌基因工程疫苗载体的可行性.从载体pcDNA3.1-PA上PCR扩增PA片断,将该片断克隆入质粒pAdTrack-CMV,得到阳性克隆pAdTrack-PA.PmeI线性化的阳性克隆转化含有腺病毒骨架质粒pAdeasy-1的BJ5183感受态细胞,经同源重组后得到重组腺病毒vAd-PA.vAd-PA经PacI线性化后,脂质体介导转染293细胞,经Western- blot检测表明PA在293细胞中得到表达.重组病毒肌肉注射免疫BALB/c小鼠,用ELISA方法检测血清中产生了特异性抗体,抗体滴度计算几何均数为12800.该研究为进一步研究以腺病毒为活载体的疫苗奠定了基础.     

炭疽杆菌保护性抗原（PA）重组腺病毒的构建及免疫效果分析

探讨利用腺病毒载体作为炭疽杆菌基因工程疫苗载体的可行性。从载体pcDNA3.1-PA上PCR扩增PA片断,将该片断克隆入质粒pAdTrack-CMV,得到阳性克隆pAdTrack-PA。PmeI线性化的阳性克隆转化含有腺病毒骨架质粒pAdeasy-1的BJ5183感受态细胞,经同源重组后得到重组腺病毒vAd-PA。vAd-PA经PacI线性化后,脂质体介导转染293细胞,经Western-blot检测表明PA在293细胞中得到表达。重组病毒肌肉注射免疫BALB/c小鼠,用ELISA方法检测血清中产生了特异性抗体,抗体滴度计算几何均数为1:2800。该研究为进一步研究以腺病毒为活载体的疫苗奠定了基础。     

猪Ⅱ型圆环病毒ORF2与猪GM-CSF基因重组腺病毒共表达及免疫效果分析

旨在构建含融合基因pGMCSF-ORF2的重组腺病毒,并对其表达水平和免疫效果进行分析.运用PCR方法扩增PCV2 ORF2和pGM-CSF基因,拼接后克隆入pMD18-T载体,然后再亚克隆入腺病毒穿梭质粒pShuttle-CMV中,阳性穿梭质粒经PmeⅠ酶线性化后电转化含腺病毒基因组(AdEasy-1)的大肠杆菌细胞BJ5183-Ad-1,成功获得了重组腺病毒DNA.将纯化后的重组腺病毒DNA转染AD293细胞,经过病毒基因组的PCR和转录水平的RT-PCR及Western blot等方面对融合蛋白的表达进行了鉴定.以该病毒免疫Babl/c小白鼠,对免疫小鼠血清中PCV2抗体进行检测.结果显示,获得了pGMCSF-ORF2重组基因,重组腺病毒载体构建成功,获得了表达pGMCSF-ORF2融合蛋白的重组腺病毒.该病毒免疫小鼠后,在小鼠血清中检测到了PCV2的特异性抗体.获得的重组腺病毒能有效表达pGMCSF-ORF2融合蛋白,且可诱导小鼠产生针对PCV2的特异性抗体.     

引入CpG基序的汉滩病毒G2糖蛋白基因的克隆及表达

构建汉滩病毒G2糖蛋白的真核表达载体,并加入可增强小鼠免疫刺激作用的CpG基序,检测其可否在真核细胞中表达。参照Genebank中汉滩病毒M的全基因序列设计引物,引物两端引入可增强小鼠免疫刺激作用的CpG基序及双酶切位点,通过聚合酶链反应(PCR)获得含CpG基序的G2片段,并将其与T载体pMD18-T相连,测序后克隆至真核表达载体pcDNA3.1 上,将此真核表达载体以脂质体法转染至真核细胞Vero-E6中,利用间接免疫荧光法(IFA)检测发现转染后的Vero-E6中出现特异性的绿色荧光。结果表明本实验成功构建了汉滩病毒包膜糖蛋白G2的重组体。     

汉坦病毒包膜糖蛋白G2重组腺病毒的构建及其在Hela细胞中的表达

本研究旨在构建可表达汉坦病毒(HTNV)糖蛋白G2的重组腺病毒。应用PCR方法扩增G2编码基因,经T/A克隆、测序鉴定后再亚克隆到腺病毒shuttle载体pAd5-CMV中并用磷酸钙沉淀法分别将携带G2编码基因的重组腺病毒shuttle载体与携带报告基因eGFP的腺病毒骨架质粒共转染HEK293细胞,包装、扩增、纯化后得到携带HTNV糖蛋白G2编码基因的重组腺病毒;用重组腺病毒感染Hela细胞并收获蛋白,间接免疫荧光、Western blotting检测蛋白表达。经酶切鉴定表明已成功构建了携带G2基因的重组腺病毒载体;RT-PCR鉴定表明目的基因能够在感染重组腺病毒的Hela细胞中转录;荧光显微镜观察重组腺病毒感染的Hela细胞,可见报告基因eGFP的表达;间接免疫荧光法和Western blotting均证实表达产物可被抗G2单克隆抗体所识别,表明糖蛋白G2在感染细胞中得到了表达。本研究成功构建了可表达HTNV包膜糖蛋白G2的重组腺病毒,转染宿主细胞可稳定表达目的蛋白,为HTNV糖蛋白G2的结晶、结构解析研究以及新型汉坦病毒疫苗的研制奠定了基础。     

牛流行热病毒糖蛋白G1抗原表位在毕赤酵母中的表达和抗原性鉴定

从包含牛流行热病毒G蛋白基因的质粒pMD-G中克隆G1抗原表位区基因,亚克隆进表达载体pPIC9K,构建重组载体pPIC9K-G1,线性化后电转化毕赤酵母GS115,通过G418压力和PCR法筛选阳性重组酵母进行诱导表达。经SDS-PAGE、脱糖基化分析、Western blot、ELISA、兔体免疫实验和特异性分析,表明该基因在GS115中表达并进行了适度的糖基化,表达蛋白有良好的生物学活性和特异性,可作为包被抗原,开发ELISA诊断试剂盒。     

表达轮状病毒G2和G3型vp7基因重组腺病毒的免疫效果

为探索以非复制型腺病毒为表达载体的多价轮病毒(Rotavirus,RV)基因工程疫苗的可行性,在前期工作的基础上,对表达我国G2和G3型毒株νp7基因的重组腺病毒的免疫效果进行了研究.分别用表达G2和G3型的νp7基因的重组腺病毒rvAdG2vp7、rvAdG3VP7经滴鼻和灌胃两种途径免疫Balb/c小鼠,对免疫后小鼠的血清抗体、黏膜抗体和相关的细胞因子水平进行了检测和比较。结果表明,用表达G2和G3型νp7基因的管理费用腺病毒经滴鼻和灌胃两种途径免疫小鼠后,可诱导机体产生较强的RV特异性免疫反应,名手体液免疫、细胞免疫和黏膜免疫,并能产生中的抗体.但免疫反应以Th1类反应也占有相当的比例.本研究为新型RV基因工程疫苗的深入研究奠定了基础.     

在大肠杆菌中分别表达汉滩病毒素膜糖蛋白G1和G2

利用PCR方法扩增了汉滩病毒76－118株囊膜糖蛋白G1和G2的编码区基因,并将PCR产物克隆到T-载体中,用限制性内切酶将G1和G2的编码区基因切下,并克隆到表达载体pBV220中构建G1和G2的表达质粒。诱导表达后在SDS－PAGE凝胶中未见表达产物带,表达的G1和G2能与部分抗G1和G2的单克隆抗体发生反应,但用Western－blot方法不能检测到表达产物。用表达的G1和G2免疫小白鼠能刺激小白鼠产生特异性抗汉摊病毒的抗体,间接免疫荧光抗体的滴度可分别达到1:160和1：320。     

Micropropagation of four Gentiana species (G. lutea, G. cruciata, G. purpurea and G. acaulis)

The growth of axillary shoots was initiated on nodal stem segments, excised from aseptically grown seedlings of Gentiana acaulis L., G. cruciata L., G. lutea L. and G. purpurea L. In later subcultures, a basal callus tissue developed on the shoots, giving rise to de novo formed buds. Optimum benzyladenine and indoleacetic acid combinations for shoot development were established. They were slightly different in the four species. From 35-70% of shoots rooted spontaneously, except in G. lutea, in which adventitious roots were induced by applying naphthaleneacetic acid. It was conduded that the four Gentiana species were amenable to propagation in vitro. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Comparative studies on the structure and adhesion of setae in G. gecko and G. swinhonis

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histological techniques were used to observe and study the setae structures of two gecko species (G. gecko and G. swinhonis) and the relationships between these structures and the adhesive forces. The SEM results showed that the setae of these two species were densely distributed in an orderly fashion, and branched with curved tips. The setae of G. gecko had cluster structures, each cluster containing 4-6 setae whose terminal branches curved towards the center of the toes at ~ 10o, the tips of the branches like spatulae and densely arrayed at an interval of less than 0.2―0.3 μm. On the contrary, the branch tips in the setae of G. swinhonis were curled, and the terminal parts of setae curved towards the center of the toes at various angles. Usually the setae of these gecko species branch twice at the top at intervals greater than that of G. gecko. The histological observation found that inside the setae of these two species there were plenty of unevenly distributed contents, such as epithelia, fat cells, pigmental cells and muscle tissue, but no gland cells existed. The results of functional experiments suggested that modifying the structure of gecko's setae could reduce its adhesive ability dramatically, demonstrating the positive correlation between the structure of the gecko's setae and its adhesive ability. The above results provide important information in designing bio-mimic setae and bio-gecko robots.     

Purification of immunoglobulins G by protein A/G affinity membrane chromatography

An affinity membrane grafted with protein A/G or protein A was characterized for human and mouse immunoglobulins G purification. Breakthrough curves up to ligand saturation were measured and used to study the effects of flow velocities, feed solution concentrations and protein A/G versus protein A membranes. Increased flow-rate did not decrease the amount of IgG bound to the membranes. Increased feed solution concentration allowed more IgG to bind prior to breakthrough. Kinetic parameters for immunoglobulins G sorption to immobilized protein A were measured in batch experiments. The static binding capacity was determined to be 6.6 mg ml⁻¹ membrane volume. Finally, this affinity membrane was used to purify IgG from cell culture supernatant. The electrophoresis of the purified IgG fractions did not show any contaminant.     

亚洲棉与比克氏棉杂交的研究

观察分析了亚洲棉×比克氏棉杂种后代的形态表现及减数分裂行为。结果表明,野生比克氏棉的形态性状遗传传递力较强,F_1在中期Ⅰ的染色体构型为15.14Ⅰ+5.29Ⅱ,二价体的平均交叉数为1.07;F_2的染色体构型为2.55Ⅰ+24.5Ⅱ+0.15 Ⅲ,二价体交叉数为1.83。F_2的开花习性表现异常,完全自花受精将有利于后代性状的快速稳定。F_2中分离出无腺体的植株,为将“油腺延缓形成”特性转育到栽培种提供了可能。     

G蛋白偶联受体与G蛋白相互作用的最新研究进展

传统观念认为,在激动剂作用下,G蛋白偶联受体(GPCRs)能够激活G蛋白的α亚基,从而使Gα亚基与Gβγ亚基分离,被激活的Gα亚基通过信号转导进一步参与细胞的生理过程。但是,最新研究发现GPCRs和G蛋白存在多种偶联关系,GPCRs不仅能够激活Gα亚基,还可以与Gβγ亚基相互靠近,甚至会使G蛋白亚基构象发生重排而不分离,这对于疾病发病机制的研究及新的药物靶点的发现具有重要意义。就GPCRs与G蛋白之间的相互作用以及最新研究技术作一简要综述。     

Pyriproxyfen enhances the immunoglobulin G immune response in mice

Pyriproxyfen is a juvenile hormone mimic of vital importance for insect development with little risk to humans. This study was performed to investigate whether large doses of pyriproxyfen affect the immune response in mammals. Mice were immunized thrice with ovalbumin in 5% ethanol, with or without pyriproxyfen or alum. Large doses of pyriproxyfen (9 or 15 mM) significantly enhanced specific total IgG immune response. This enhancement was no longer present 24 hr after treatment with pyriproxyfen. These results suggest that pyriproxyfen is a safe chemical. Moreover, pyriproxyfen induced higher titers of IgG2a and enhanced tumor necrosis factor‐alpha and gamma‐interferon responses whereas alum induced IgG1 with enhanced interleukin‐4 and ‐10. These observations indicate that the mechanism of immune enhancement by pyriproxyfen may differ from that of alum.     

Two G12 family G proteins, G alpha12 and G alpha13, show different subcellular localization

The G alpha subunits of the G12 family of heterotrimeric G proteins, G alpha12 and G alpha13, are closely related in sequences and some effectors, but they often act through different pathways or bind to different proteins. We have examined subcellular distribution of these two G proteins and found that endogenous G alpha12 and G alpha13 localize in membrane and cytoplasmic fractions, respectively. Exogenously expressed G alpha12 and G alpha13 also localize in membrane and cytoplasmic fractions, respectively, in COS-7 cells. Stimulation of lysophosphatidic acid receptor coupled to G alpha13 markedly promotes the translocation of G alpha13 from cytoplasm to membrane. This different localization of G alpha12 and G alpha13 may explain some of the nonoverlapping actions of G alpha12 and G alpha13.     

玉米粉在赤芝液体培养中的应用研究

以菌丝含量为主要指标,研究了6种营养物质对赤芝深层培养的影响,试验结果表明,赤芝500ml小规模发酵最适培养基配方为:玉米粉4.0%,糖蜜1.5%,黄豆粉2.0%,酵母膏0.2%,KH2PO40.2%,MgSO4.7H2O 0.15%,pH 6.0。接种量为10%时在150r/min摇床上26℃振荡培养5d,菌丝含量最高,为25.1g/L;玉米粉是赤芝生长的主要因素,糖蜜是次要因素,玉米粉可以作为赤芝发酵培养基的主要原料。     

G2, G3, and complete basis set calculations on the thermodynamic properties of triazane

As a follow-up study to our study on tetrazane (N₄H₆), we present computed thermodynamic properties of triazane (N₃H₅). Calculated properties include optimized geometries, infrared vibrations, enthalpy of formation, enthalpy of combustion, and proton affinities. We have also mapped the potential energy surface as the molecule is rotated about the N-N bond. We have predicted a specific enthalpy of combustion for triazane of about -20 kJ g⁻¹. Figure Schematic diagram of the dielectric barrier discharge (left) and typical temporal profiles of voltage and current, as obtained from the simulations (right)