贵州苏铁的核型分析

本文报道了贵州苏铁(Cycas guizhouensis)的染色体数目及核型,并与攀枝花苏铁(C. panzhihuaensis)、苏铁(C. revoluta)华南苏铁(C．rumphii)、拳叶苏铁(C. circinalis)和C. media等的核型进行了比较,讨论了苏铁属植物不同核型的进化趋势,提出了苏铁属植物的两种地理分布核型,即1．北回归线以北为K(2n)=22=2m+4sm+4st十12T包括贵州苏铁和攀枝花苏铁;2．北回归线及其以南为K(2n)=22=4m+8st+10T,包括苏铁、华南苏铁,拳叶苏铁和C. media。     

贵州苏铁的核型分析

本文报道了贵州苏铁(Cycas guizhouensis)的染色体数目及核型,并与攀枝花苏铁(C.panzhihuaensis)、苏铁(C.revoluta)、华南苏铁(C.rumphii),拳叶苏铁(C.circinalis)和C.media等的核型进行了比较,讨论了苏铁属植物不同核型的进化趋势,提出了苏铁属植物的两种地理分布核型,即1.北回归线以北为K(2n)=22=2m+4sm+4st+12T包括贵州苏铁和攀枝花苏铁;2.北回归线及其以南为K(2n)=22=4m+8st+10T,包括苏铁、华南苏铁、拳叶苏铁和C.media。     

五种苏铁属植物的核形态

报道了苏铁属（Cycas L.)5种植物的染色体数目和核型,除多歧苏铁外,其他种均为首次报道。5个种的体细胞中期染色体核型公式分别为：滇南苏铁C.diannanensis K(2n)=2x=22=2m 4sm 4st 12T;潭清苏铁C.tanqingii K(2n)=2x=22=2m 8sm 2st 10T;多歧苏的Cmultipinnata K(2n)=2x=22=4m 8st 2st 8T;巴兰萨苏铁C.balansae K(2n)=2x=xx=2m 4sm 6st 10T。石山苏铁C.miquelii K(2n)=22=2m 6sm(1SAT) 4st 10T;核型均属于3B型。本研究结果支持苏铁属植物的核型从不对称进化的观点;同时,支持将巴兰萨苏铁和石山苏铁归入攀枝花苏铁组的台湾苏铁亚组的观点。     

两种国产苏铁属植物的核型分析

报道了苏铁属（Cycas L.）2种植物的染色体数目及其核型.它们的体细胞染色体数目均为2n=2x=22,核型均属3B型.核型公式分别是：海南苏铁C.hainanensis K（2n）=2x=22=4m＋2sm＋4st＋12T,仙湖苏铁C.szechuanensis subsp.fairylakea K（2n）=2x=22=2m＋4sm＋4st＋12T.两种苏铁的核型均为首次报道.支持基于染色体资料把苏铁属分为两个类群的观点.     

五种中国苏铁属植物的核型分析

报道五种苏铁的染色体数目和核型,其中红河苏铁 (Cycas hongheensis)、叉孢苏铁 (C.segmentifida)和十万大山苏铁 (C.shiwandashanica) 为首次报道。     

德保苏铁——中国苏铁一新种

德保苏铁 新种 Cycas debaoensis Y.C.Zhong et C.J.Chen,sp.nov. Cycas multipinnatae C.J.Chen et S.Y.Yang affinis sed frondibus 7～11,1.5～3.5 mlongis,pinnulis fasciariis,apice longe acuminatis,ovulis persaepe 4,segmentis laminarummegasporophyllarum usque ad 50,filiformibus differt. 本种苏铁与多歧苏铁Cycas multipinnata C.J.Chen et S.Y.Yang相似,但叶7～     

锦鸡儿属植物4个种的核型分析

对4种锦鸡儿属(CaraganaFabr.)植物的核型进行了分析,得出4种染色体核型:秦晋锦鸡儿(C.purdom iiRehd.)染色体数为2n=16,其核型公式为2n=16=16 m(4 SAT);小叶锦鸡儿(C.m icrophyllaLam.)染色体数为2n=16,其核型公式为2n=16=14 m(2 SAT) 2 M;中间锦鸡儿(C.interm ediaKuang et H.C.Fu)染色体数为2n=18,其核型公式为2n=18=16 m(4 SAT) 2 M;树锦鸡儿(C.arborescensLam.)染色体数为2n=20,其核型公式为2n=20=20 m(4 SAT)。由此可推测:中间锦鸡儿可能为小叶锦鸡儿和树锦鸡儿或秦晋锦鸡儿和树锦鸡儿的中间类型或杂交种,也可能是具有递增染色体基数的不同种。     

夏石金花茶的核型研究

本文研究了夏石金花茶(Camellia xiashiensis S. Y. Liang et C. Z. Deng, sp. nov. ined)的核型。结果表明:其体细胞染色体数目为2n=30,具12对中部着丝点染色体.5对近中部着丝点染色体,第15对染色体具1对随体。根据Levan等的分类原则。其核型为2n=2x=24m(2SAT)+6sm。属于Stebbins核型的“2A”型。     

中国云南果蝇属暗果蝇种组的核型分化

观察了新近发现于我国云南的果蝇属暗果蝇种组(Drosophila obscura species group)种类D．luguensis、D．dianensis和D．limingi的有丝分裂中期核型,并将3个种的核型与各自的近缘种类进行了比较。D．luguensis具2n=12条染色体,包括3对中央着丝粒(V形)染色体、2对近端着丝粒(棒状)染色体以及1对微小(点状)染色体。其中X和Y染色体均为中央着丝粒染色体。D．dianensis和D．limingi具2n=10条染色体,包括1对大的V形常染色体,1对小的V形常染色体,2对J形(亚中着丝粒型)常染色体和1对点状染色体。其中X染色体为J形,Y染色体为短棒状。基于核型比较的结果以及D．sinobscura亚组地理分布的资料,结合种间系统发育关系研究结果,认为D．luguensis可能保留了该亚组祖先种类的核型。D．sinobscum的核型(2n=12：2V,1J,2R,1D)可能由一个pre-“sinobscura-hubeiensis”谱系的一个分支通过臂间倒位演化而来,而D．hubeiensis的核型(2n=10：4V,1D)可能由该谱系的另一分支通过着丝粒融合(2对近端着丝粒常染色体的融合)而形成。推测在D．dianensis和近缘欧洲种D．subsilvestris(2n=12：3V,2R,1D)间、D．limingi和东亚近缘种D．tsukubaensis(2n=12：3V,2R,1D)间的物种分化过程中,可能有相似的染色体变异类型发生。     

省藤属四种植物的核型分析

报道了省藤属 (Calamus) 4种植物的核型 :小省藤 (C gracilis)的核型公式为 2n =2x =16m 10sm ,盈江省藤 (C nambariensisvar yingjiangensis)为 2n =2x =16m 10sm ,宽刺藤 (C platyacanthus)为 2n =2x =14m 12sm ,高地省藤 (C nambariensisvar alpinus)为 2n =2x =14m 12sm。其体细胞染色体数均为 2n =2 6 ,核型不对称性类型为 2B ,说明其种间染色体核型差异小。但小省藤臂比值大于 2的染色体占 12 % ,而宽刺藤、盈江省藤和高地省藤为 30 % ,说明在系统发育中 ,前者可能更为原始     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.