SHIV减毒株在AIDS疫苗研究中的应用

艾滋病,即获得性免疫缺陷综合症(Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome,AIDS)是由人免疫缺陷病毒(Human Immunodeficiency Virus,HIV)引起的,以全身免疫系统严重损害为特征的传染性疾病。感染者终身携带病毒,迄今仍缺乏有效的预防和治愈措施。艾滋病已成为威胁人类健康的最大传     

人免疫缺陷病毒的受体与辅助受体

人免疫缺陷病毒(Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV)是引起艾滋病的病原.由于该病的病死率较高,目前尚没有被广泛接受的有效的医治方法,所以世界各国对艾滋病都十分重视.在感染HIV时,HIV首先与靶细胞上的受体(receptor)结合后,才能进入该细胞并在其内繁殖.所以充分地了解HIV的受体及辅助受体(coreceptor),对控制HIV的感染和传播是至关重要的.     

亚洲各国艾滋病疫苗简介

获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquired immunodeficiencysy ndrome,AIDS),即"艾滋病",是一种致死率极高的全球传染性疾病,尚无有效的治愈方法。目前,亚洲已成为世界第二大艾滋病高发区。对经济并不发达的亚洲地区来说,研发艾滋病疫苗,对于预防人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV),即"艾滋病病毒"的传播具有重要的战略意义。本文对中国、泰国、印度、日本和澳大利亚的艾滋病疫苗研发和临床试验进行了分析和总结,并分析了亚洲开发艾滋病疫苗的前景及应对策略。     

艾滋病预防和治疗的回顾与展望

获得性免疫缺陷综合征(Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome,AIDS),即艾滋病,于1981年首次在著名的公共卫生杂志Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)报道.     

HIV抗体检测技术研究进展

获得性免疫缺陷综合征,简称艾滋病(acquired immun-odeficiency syndrome,AIDS),是由免疫缺陷病毒(human im-munodeficiency virus,HIV)感染所引起的一种严重的传染性疾病。HIV/AIDS的流行已成为人类、社会和经济发展的灾难,全球活着的HIV感染者已超过4 300万人,每天约有14 000     

问：蚊子为什么不能传播艾滋病

答：艾滋病的医学全名为“获得性免疫缺陷综合症（AIDS）”,它是由人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）引起的,艾滋病感染者的血液、精液、阴道分泌物、乳汁等都携带有病毒。艾滋病的传染性很强,它的传播途径主要有性接触、血液和母婴3种．共用注射器吸毒和性滥交是传播艾滋病的主要危险行为。因此,预防艾滋病要拒绝毒品、洁身自爱。众所周知,蚊子的叮咬会传染多种疾病,如疟疾、丝虫病等。由于蚊子叮咬人时都要吸血,因此,     

植物来源抗HIV天然化合物研究最新进展CSCD

艾滋病又称获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)是由人免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)引起的一种传染性疾病。目前尚无彻底根除HIV/AIDS的药物,也无相关疫苗研制成功。植物来源的天然产物由于种类丰富、结构多样、毒副作用小等诸多优点,成为艾滋病防治药物或先导化合物不可或缺的一部分。本文简要综述了近5年来具有抗HIV活性的植物来源天然化合物的研究进展,期望通过对其相关研究进展的总结,为抗HIV药物开发提供有潜力的先导化合物。     

从HIV－Ⅰ中新发现编码含硒蛋白的基因探讨艾滋病化疗新方法

从ＨＩＶ－Ⅰ中新发现编码含硒蛋白的基因探讨艾滋病化疗新方法刘琼,徐辉碧（华中理工大学化学系,武汉４３００７４）关键词　艾滋病,人类免疫缺陷病毒Ⅰ型,硒艾滋病是一种目前尚无有效防治方法的疾病。它是由人类免疫缺陷病毒（ＨＩＶ）感染,并在宿主细胞内大量复制...     

基于调控趋化性细胞因子受体CCR5抗HIV-1的研究进展

获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS),又称"艾滋病",是威胁着人类生命健康的重大传染性疾病。趋化性细胞因子受体5(Chemotactic cytokine receptor 5,CCR5)作为嗜巨噬细胞性1型人类免疫缺陷病毒(Human immunodeficiency virus type 1,HIV-1)进入宿主细胞的必需的辅助受体自发现以来被广泛关注。CCR5在HIV靶细胞表面的表达水平与靶细胞的病毒载量呈正相关且和艾滋病的进程强相关。因此,通过干预CCR5在靶细胞表面的表达能在一定程度上阻止HIV进入靶细胞。因此,本文从分子水平阐述干预CCR5的主要生物学机制,并对近几年的研究进行综述。     

问题解答

问:蚊子为什么不能传播艾滋病 答:艾滋病的医学全名为"获得性免疫缺陷综合症(AIDS)",它是由人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)引起的.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.