重组海参溶菌酶工程菌发酵及表达产物纯化和性质的研究

旨在研究重组海参i型溶菌酶(Stichopus japonicus lysozyme,SjLys)可溶性表达的发酵条件、纯化及生物学性质.采用摇瓶发酵的培养方式,分别从培养基组分和发酵条件两个方面对获得可溶性重组SjLys进行研究.表达产物通过亲和层析纯化以及凝胶过滤层析脱盐,获得了电泳纯为95%的重组SjLys蛋白.进一步对其生物学活性分析,结果表明该酶最适温度为45℃,最适pH值为6.8,对革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌均有广谱抑菌作用.上述结果将为海参溶菌酶进行产业化奠定应用基础.     

甲醇毕赤酵母表达木质素过氧化物酶的研究

将含有黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaetechrysosprium)木质素过氧化物酶基因的甲醇毕赤酵母工程菌进行了鉴定和筛选,筛选得到木质素过氧化物酶活力高的菌株PMLIP08。确定了一步法发酵的最优葡萄糖浓度,优化其发酵培养条件,结果表明葡萄糖的添加量为10g/L时,发酵条件为pH3.0,诱导温度24℃,培养时间12h,甲醇添加量1.1%,诱导时间72h后发酵液中酶活可达4888U/L。     

一种来源于酒曲地衣芽孢杆菌溶菌酶基因在毕赤酵母中的诱导表达及活性分析

利用梯度稀释法和划线纯化法对酒曲中的微生物进行分离纯化,将所得微生物进行液体培养并检测其溶菌酶活性。通过分子生物学方法进行菌种鉴定,得到一株具有溶菌酶活性的地衣芽孢杆菌。提取地衣芽孢杆菌全基因组,设计特异性引物,克隆基因序列Lyz并连接至毕赤酵母分泌型表达载体pPICZαA中,构建重组表达载体pPICZαA-Lyz。重组载体经电转化整合入甲醇型毕赤酵母菌株X33基因组中进行重组表达。摇瓶发酵结果显示,甲醇诱导72 h后,发酵液中溶菌酶活性为1 360 U/m L。酶学性质分析结果显示,重组地衣芽孢杆菌溶菌酶在pH3.0~9.0范围内可以保持较高的相对活性,具有良好的热稳定性。抑菌试验结果显示地衣芽孢杆菌溶菌酶对革兰氏阴性菌有抑菌作用。     

毕赤酵母发酵生产T4溶菌酶的中试研究

研究了T4溶菌酶的中试发酵放大生产。在200L发酵罐中毕赤酵母诱导表达T4溶菌酶蛋白,发酵液蛋白表达量达到1.69g/L,酶活达到192U/mg;制得冻干酶粉211.1g。经测定粗酶粉中T4溶菌酶的含量达到68.9%,酶活为182U/mg,总收率达到66%,成功建立了一条T4溶菌酶的中试发酵生产工艺线路。     

HCMV pp65截短蛋白原核表达条件优化

为了提高HCMVpp65蛋白片段在大肠杆菌中表达量,研究了不同发酵条件对其表达的影响,包括培养基、接种量、温度、摇床转速、pH、诱导时间以及诱导剂IPTG使用浓度等。结果表明,以LB培养基为发酵液,按5%接种量,37℃培养3h后IPTG诱导5h,重组菌菌体生物量为0.6g/L,目的蛋白表达量达18mg/L。用3.7L发酵罐进行放大培养,菌体生物量达0.85g/L,最高目的蛋白表达量达到25mg/L。     

狐狸生长激素基因的克隆及其在毕赤酵母中的表达

为制备重组狐狸生长激素(fGH),采用RT-PCR方法,从银狐垂体中扩增fGHcDNA基因,利用SnaBI和NotI位点将fGH基因插入到酵母分泌型表达载体pPIC9K中α-因子信号肽的下游,构建成fGH基因的酵母分泌型表达载体pPIC9K/fGH,载体经SalI酶切线性化后,通过电转移将线性化的pPIC9K/fGH转化到组氨酸缺陷型酵母宿主菌GS115中。然后利用不含氨基酸的以葡萄糖为碳源的培养基(MD)和以甲醇为碳源的培养基(MM)筛选出组氨酸His+型和甲醇利用正型(Mut+)酵母重组体,再经G418加压筛选出高拷贝fGH基因的重组酵母,经摇瓶发酵培养和甲醇诱导使fGH进行分泌表达。结果表明本实验扩增的fGH基因序列与GenBank发表的序列基本一致,发酵液经SDS-PAGE和Western blotting检测证明构建的重组酵母能够分泌表达fGH,表达的fGH占发酵液总蛋白的34%,表达量达119mg/L发酵液。     

不同因素对两株细菌原生质体制备的影响

为了获得较多的原生质体用于原生质体融合,进行了酶解时间与浓度、稳定剂、菌龄、pH值等因素对革兰氏阳性菌株芽胞杆菌KR和革兰氏阴性菌株假单胞菌B13的原生质体制备影响的研究,结果表明:在以0.6mol/L蔗糖为稳定剂,pH8.0,溶菌酶浓度8mg/ml,37℃,酶解80min的条件下,芽胞杆菌KR原生质体得率为31.6%;在以.0.6mol/L NaCl为稳定剂,pH7.0,溶菌酶浓度6mg/ml,37℃,酶解45min假单胞菌B13原生质体得率最高,为95.2%。     

重庆低海拔虫草发酵条件及其发酵液抑菌活性研究

从重庆低海拔地区采得一株虫草,分离得到其无性型菌株.以海绵抑菌圈大小为活性指标,考核了无机盐、碳氮比值、发酵温度及培养基初始pH等因素对其发酵液抑菌活性的影响,筛选出抑菌活性物质的发酵培养基为:NaNO3 0.05%,KCl 0.05%,蔗糖3.0%,蚕蛹粉0.05%.摇瓶最佳发酵条件为:pH 6.5,温度25 ℃,转速250 r/min.在此优化条件下,发酵活性在第6 d最高,对枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌圈为30.4 mm.用海绵抑菌圈法,测定虫草真菌发酵液对不同供试菌的抑菌活性,对真菌酿酒酵母无抑菌作用,对供试的所有革兰氏阴、阳性细菌都有抑菌活性,且对枯草芽孢杆菌的活性最强,其抑菌圈为(26±4) mm.     

大豆异黄酮糖苷酶产生菌培养条件优化及转化

将经过筛选的产大豆异黄酮糖苷水解酶的菌株米曲霉3042经过单因子及正交试验,确立了产酶的最适培养基配方为：玉米芯＋麸皮4%,（NH4）2SO40.1%,水扬苷0.01%,KH2PO40.1%,Vc 0.1%,MgSO40.1%.产酶的最佳培养条件为：发酵培养基起始pH 6.0,发酵温度27℃,摇床转速160r/min,发酵时间84 h时酶活力最高.粗提取的大豆异黄酮经发酵液转化后,其结合态含量降低,游离态含量增加.     

重组巴斯德毕赤酵母发酵生产几丁质酶的条件优化研究

研究了利用重组巴斯德毕赤酵母诱导表达重组几丁质酶的条件。在摇瓶水平上研究了诱导时间、pH、甲醇流加量、油酸等因素对重组几丁质酶表达的影响。结果发现诱导108h蛋白表达量最高;偏酸性环境不利于蛋白表达,维持在pH5.5～6.0最佳;甲醇最佳诱导浓度为1%;添加0.05%的油酸有助于提高蛋白表达量。在此基础上通过正交试验设计优化了培养基配方,在优化条件下,蛋白表达量达171.99mg/L,酶活达49.58U/mL。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.