A revision of Hebeloma sect. Indusiata in the Nordic countries

A revision of Hebeloma sect. Indusiata in the Nordic countries has been undertaken. The type species of the genus, Agaricus fastibilis , is interpreted as being a non-veiled species, and therefore sect. Indusiata is the correct name for the section comprising the veiled, non-rooting species of Hebeloma. Subsect. Amygdalina subsect. nov. is proposed for species in sect. Indusiata possessing amygdaloid, dextrinoid spores. The following new taxa and combinations are proposed: Hebeloma mesophaeum var. crassipes var. non., H. mesophaeum var. lacteum nom. et stat. nov., H. polare sp. nov., H. sordescens sp. nov., H. atrobrunneum sp. nov., H. monticola sp. nov. and Agrocybe elatella comb. nov.     

A method for detecting the biosystematic significance of the essential oil composition: The case of five Hellenic Hypericum L. species

We examined the importance of the constitutive terpenoids of five species of Hypericum native to the Greek mainland, Crete Island and the west Aegean. The species studied are Hypericum empetrifolium Willd. (sect. Coridium Spach), Hypericum rumeliacum Boiss. subsp. apollinis Robson & Strid, Hypericum perfoliatum L. (sect. Drosocarpium Spach), Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra and Hypericum perforatum L. (sect. Hypericum, subsect. Hypericum [Robson, N.K.B., 2001. Studies in the genus Hypericum L. (Guttiferae). 4 (1). Sections 7. Roscyna to 9. Hypericum sensu lato (part 1). Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Bot. 31, 37–88]). Canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) on 98 of the most abundant terpenoids was found to achieve a separation of species. The performed phylogenetic reconstruction supports the existing divisions of Hypericum in taxonomic sections. Other multivariate techniques were also investigated such as principal coordinate analysis and principal component analysis, but these were found inferior to CDA. These analyses transformed the data in such a way that they did not sufficiently account for the entire terpenoid variation, nor did they delineate species in accepted taxonomic sections.     

Palynological investigations on some Hypericum taxa (Hypericaceae) growing naturally in Turkey

This study examined the detailed pollen morphological structures of sixteen Hypericum taxa (four endemic, twelve non endemic) including eight sections showing the natural distribution in Turkey: H. sect. Ascyreia (H. calycinum L.), H. sect. Heterophyllum (H. heterophyllum Vent.), H. Sect. Taeniocarpium (Hypericum confertum Choisy subsp. confertum, H. venustum Fenzl, H. linaroides Bosse), H. sect. Drosocarpium (H. montbretii Spach, H. bithynicum Boiss.), H. sect. Crossophyllum (H. adenotrichum Spach, H. orientale L.), H. sect. Olympia (H. olympicum L. subsp. olympicum), H. sect. Origanifolia (H. origanifolium Willd., H. avicularifolium Jaub and Spach subsp. depilatum (Freyn and Bornm.) Robson var. depilatum, H. avicularifolium Jaub. and Spach subsp. byzantinum) and H. sect. Hypericum (H. tetrapterum Fries, H. perforatum L., H. triquetrifolium Tura). These taxa were studied under light microscope and scanning electron microscope for the first time. Of the taxa studied, H. tetrapterum has the smallest pollen grains (on average 15.85–17.20 × 15.45–16.05 μm); and H. olympicum subsp. olympicum the largest grains (on average 22.90–23.10 × 21.40–22.10 μm). The pollen grains of 15 taxa are subprolate and one taxon is prolate-spheroidal. The regular pollen grains of all 16 taxa are 3-zonocolporate. Ornamentation is microreticulate; lumina regularly spaced in eight taxa, tectum perforatum; tectal perforations regularly spaced in seven taxa and tectum perforatum; and tectal perforations grouped together in one taxon. Endoaperture is cruciform porus, with short lateral and meridional extensions in ten taxa, cruciform porus, transversally elongated, with very small lateral extensions in one taxon and lalongate colpus in five taxa. Basic pollen types are ten taxa in type X, five taxa in type IV and one taxon in type II.     

A Study on the Genus Saxifraga L. from China

This paper presents a system of the genus Saxifraga L. from China, recognizes 2 subgenera, 8 sections, 7 subsections (including 1 new subsection), 31 series (including 23 new series), 4 subseries (new subseries) and 203 species (including 2 new species and 4 new varieties). The new taxa, statuses, combinations and names in this paper are as follows: Sect. Biro- stres (Gornall) C. Y. Wu et J. T. Pan, stat. nov.,; Sect. Punctatae (Engl.) J. T. Pan, stat. nov.; Ser. Rufescentes J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Saxifraga lonshengensis J. T. Pan, sp. nov.; S. rufescens Balf. f. var. uninervata J. T. Pan, var. nov.; S. rufescens Balf. f. var. flabellifolia C. Y. Wu et J. T. Pan, nom. nov.; Ser. Stonoliferae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Stellariifoliae (Engl. et Irmsch.) J. T. Pan, stat. nov.; Subser. Aristulatae J. T. Pan, subser. nov.; Subser. Montanae J. T. Pan, subser, nov.; Saxifraga ciliatopetata (Engl. et Irmsch.) J. T. Pan var. ciliata J. T. Pan, var. nov.; Subser. Gonggashanenses J. T. Pan, subser, nov.; Subser. Car- diophyllae J. T. Pan, subser. nov.; Saxifraga egregia Engl. var. xiaojinensis J. T. Pan, var. nov.; Ser. Caveanae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Heterocladoideae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Chumbienses J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Bulleyanae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Brachypodae C. Y. Wu et J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Erinaceae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Saxifraga substrigosa J. T. Pan var. gemmifera J. T. Pan, var. nov.; Ser. Umbellulatae J. T. Pan, ser. nov; Ser. Yu- shuenses J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Ungviculatae J. T. Pan, Ser. nov.; Ser. Punctu- latae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Candelabriformes J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Tanguti- cae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Saxifraga tangutica Engl. var. platyphylla (H. Smith) J. T. Pan, comb. nov.; Ser. Yaluzangbuenses J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Jainzhuglaenses J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Saxifraga jainzhulaensis J. T. Pan, sp. nov.; Ser. Jacquemontianae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Nanae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Subsect. Microgynae J. T. Pan, subsect. nov.; Ser. Nangxi- anenses J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Mucronulatae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Parkaenses J.T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Deqenenses J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Saxifraga mucronulatoides J. T. Pan, nom. nov.     

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils from Several Hypericum Taxa (Guttiferae) Growing in Central Italy (Appennino Umbro‐Marchigiano)

The chemical composition of the essential oils of nine taxa from seven sections of Hypericum L. (Guttiferae; H. perforatum subsp. perforatum, H. perforatum subsp. veronense, H. calycinum, H. montanum, H. richeri subsp. richeri, H. hyssopifolium, H. hirsutum, H. hircinum subsp. majus, and H. tetrapterum) occurring in central Italy (Appennino Umbro‐Marchigiano) was analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. A total of 186 compounds were identified in the different species and subspecies, accounting for 86.9–92.8% of the total oils. The major fraction of the oil was always represented by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (30.3–77.2%), while quantitative differences occurred between the other classes of volatiles depending on the taxa considered. Chemical composition of the nine Hypericum entities with respect to the taxonomical classification was discussed. Essential oils obtained from six taxa, i.e., H. perforatum subsp. perforatum, H. perforatum subsp. veronense, H. calycinum, H. richeri subsp. richeri, H. hirsutum and H. tetrapterum, were also tested for their antimicrobial properties against five different microbial strains by the broth‐microdilution method, and they were found to have significant activity (expressed as MIC) on B. subtilis, moderate activity on C. albicans and S. aureus, and weak activity on E. coli and E. faecalis, the most active being those from H. hirsutum, H. richeri subsp. richeri, and H. tetrapterum.     

中国灯心草属植物的研究

本文通过对国产灯心草属植物的研究,提出了一个中国灯心草属分类系统排列,首次确认我国产6亚属,14组(包括10个新组),4个系(包括3个新系),77种(包括14个新种),l亚种(新亚种)和10变种(包括4个新变种),对其中一些种类作了归并及处理。     

A Study on the Genus Juncus Linn. from China

Juncus Linn. is a cosmopolitan genus with about 240 species, widely distributed in both hemispheres, but most abundant in the frigid and temperate zones. In the present paper, a revision of this genus in China is made, and a key to the species is provided. This paper also presents a systematic arrangement of the genus Juncus Linn. from China, recognizing six subgenera, 14 sections (includ. ten new), four series (includ. two new), 77 species (includ. 14 new), one subspecies (new) and ten varieties (includ. four new). They are as follows: Subgen. 1. Genuini Buchen. Sect. 1. Inflexi K. F. Wu, sect. nov. Sect. 2. Effusi (V. Krecz. et Gontsch. )K. F. Wu, stat. nov. Subgen. 2. Pseudotenageia V. Krecz. et Gontsch. Sect. 1. Kangpuenses K. F. Wu, sect. nov. Sect. 2. Compressi (V. Krecz. et Gontsch. )K. F. Wu, stat. nov. Sect. 3. Tenues (V. Krecz. etGontsch.)K. F. Wu, stat. nov. Subgen. 3. Poiophylli Buchen. Sect. 1. Nigroviolacei K. F. Wu, sect. nov. Sect. 2. Bufonii (V. Krecz. et Gontsch. )K. F. Wu, stat. nov. Subgen. 4. Graminifolii Buchen. Subgen. 5. Septati Buchen. Sect. 1. Allioides K. F. Wu, sect. nov. Sect. 2. Articulati K. F. Wu, sect. nov. Ser. 1. Articulati V. Krecz. et Gontsch. Ser. 2. Dongchuanenses K. F. Wu, ser, nov. Subgen. 6. Alpini Buchen. Sect. 1. Triglumes K. F. Wu, sect. nov. Ser. 1. Triglumes K. F. Wu, ser. nov. Ser. 2. Benghalenses K. F. Wu, ser. nov. Sect. 2. Minimi K. F. Wu, sect. nov. Sect. 3. Sikkimenses K. F. Wu, sect. nov. Sect. 4. Concinni K. F. Wu, sect. nov. Sect. 5. Sphacelati K. F. Wu, sect. nov.     

Taxonomic notes on Hawaiian Polysiphonia, with transfer to Neosiphonia (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta)

After detailed observations of type material and other collections, five Hawaiian species of Polysiphonia Greville, nom. cons. are recognized to be species of Neosiphonia M. S. Kim et I. K. Lee; namely, Neosiphonia apiculata (Hollenberg) Masuda et Kogame, Neosiphonia beaudettei (Hollenberg) M. S. Kim et Abbott, comb. nov., Neosiphonia hawaiiensis (Hollenberg) M. S. Kim et Abbott, comb. nov., Neosiphonia profunda (Hollenberg) M. S. Kim et Abbott, comb. nov., and Neosiphonia rubrorhiza (Hollenberg) M. S. Kim et Abbott, comb. nov. These five species are ecorticate, having lateral branch initials and trichoblasts produced on successive segments, rhizoids separated from pericentral cells by a cross wall, three‐celled carpogonial branches (not seen in N. beaudettei and N. rubrorhiza), spermatangial branches arising on a primary branch of the trichoblasts, and tetrasporangia in a spiral series. Although certain characters were not available for some species, all other characters occur in a combination that is unique for members of Neosiphonia.     

Three hawkweeds (Hieracium,Asteraceae) from the Netherlands typified and raised to species rank

After a short sketch of Dutch hieraciology, three taxa belonging to Hieracium sectt. Vulgata and Tridentata that were described from the Netherlands at the rank of subspecies or variety by Zahn are typified and raised to species rank. Hieracium meppelense (Zahn) Haveman comb. et stat nov. is found in the province of Drenthe in the northeastern part of the country, H. limburgense (Zahn) Haveman comb. et stat nov. in south‐Limburg in the southernmost part and H. macrodontophyllum (Van Soest et Zahn) Haveman comb. et stat nov. in the surroundings of Nijmegen and Arnhem, and further north in the central sand area. Photographs of the types as well as maps with the hitherto known distribution of these three species are included.     

Jamesoniella carringtonii—eine Plagiochila in Nepal mit Perianth

Abstract

Jamesoniella carringtonii (Balfour) Schiffn. is transferred to Plagiochila (P. carringtonii (Balfour) Grolle, comb.nov.). P. carringtonii ssp. carringtonii is regarded as an endemic subspecies of the British Isles and the Faeroes, whereasssp. lobuchensis Grolle, ssp.nov. with wholly entire leavesis restricted to Nepal and bears perianths. Jamesoniella carringtonii var. recurvata Nicholson is an independent not closely related species of Plagiochila (P. recurvata (Nicholson) Grolle, stat. et comb.nov.) from N.W.-Yünnan. P. recurvata and p. poeltii Inoue et GroUe, sp.nov. (from Nepal) probably belong to section Renitentes Carl. New differences between Jamesoniella autumnalis (DC.) Steph. and J. undulifolia (Nees) K. MOO., whichlatter is type of Biantheridion Grolle, sect.nov. Notes on the distribution of hepatics in Europe restricted to the cool euatlantic regions.     

Die taxonomische Stellung und das Areal von Angelica archangelica L. und A. lucida L

The species of the Angelica archangelica L.-group and Angelica lucida L.-group are included in Angelica L. based on morphological coincidences and simularities. Both related groups represent different section, the sect. Coelopleurum (Ledeb.) Pimen. and sect. Archangelica Regel of the genus Angelica L. The area of Angelica L. shows an holarctic distribution (fig. 1). A map and diagnoses give an idea of the distribution patterns of the species. They generally occur in mesic sites along rivers often also along the edge of forests. A. archangelica L. is divided into subsp. archangelica with var. decurrens (Ledeb.) comb. nov., f. decurrens, f. tschimganica (Korov.) comb. nov., f. komarowii (Schischk.) comb, nov., f. himalaica (Clarke) comb. nov., var. sativa (Mill.) Rikli and subsp. litoralis (Fries) Thell.     

Scottish bracken (Pteridium): New taxa and a new combination

Summary

In advance of two forthcoming works in which the names will be used, one new species of Pteridium (P. pinetorum C.N. Page & R.R. Mill) and one new subspecies (P. aquilinum (L.) Kuhn subsp. fulvum C.N. Page) are formally described, and one new combination made (P. pinetorum C.N. Page & R .R. Mill subsp. osmundaceum (Christ) C. N. Page, comb, et stat. nov.).     

New and little known crickets of the subfamily Phalangopsinae (Orthoptera,Gryllidae): 6. Neotropical taxa of the tribes Phalangopsini and Paragryllini

Two new genera, ten new species, and two new subspecies: Uvaroviella izerskyi sp. n., U. morona sp. n., U. ucayali sp. n., U. pastaza sp. n., U. affinis sp. n., U. bolivia sp. n., U. bora atalaya subsp. n., Kevanacla orientalis contraria subsp. n., Peruacla solitaria gen. et sp. n., Ecuadoracla propria gen. et sp. n., Adelosgryllus spurius sp. n., and A. phaeocephalus sp. n. are described. The tribe Paragryllini is divided into three subtribes: Paragryllina Desutter, 1988 stat. n., Neoaclina Desutter, 1988 stat. n., and Strogulomorphina Desutter 1988, stat. n. The composition of the genera Uvaroviella Chop. and Neoacla Desutter is discussed. The species from Costa Rica and the Antilles are supposed to belong to these genera and subgenera. New synonymy [U. trinidadi Gorochov, 2007 = U. enodos Otte et Perez-Gelabert, 2009, syn. n. and N. multivenosa (Chopard, 1937) = Selvacla choreutes Otte, 2006, syn. n.] is proposed.     

Phylogeny, evolution and systematics of Moehringia (Caryophyllaceae) as inferred from molecular and morphological data: a case of homology reassessment

The phylogeny of the genus Moehringia (Caryophyllaceae) is investigated by means of analyzing nuclear (ITS) and chloroplast (matK) sequence data in combination with morphological characters. Parsimony and Bayesian methods yield consistent results, and a common phylogenetic signal is shared by the nuclear and chloroplast data. Morphological characters are affected by a high level of homoplasy, but they provide valuable information when analyzed in combination with the molecular data. Moehringia is paraphyletic to Arenaria with the Iberian taxa belonging to Moehringia sect. Pseudomoehringia McNeill more closely related to Arenaria. This cladistic evidence led us to reinterpret the homology of the key character used in most, if not all, floras, to separate Moehringia from Arenaria, i.e., the seed strophiole. Thorough anatomical studies were carried out to elucidate the ontogeny of the strophiole, which proved different in Moehringia s. str. and the Iberian taxa. Within Moehringia s. str., two sister clades are recognized (i.e., Moehringia sect. Moehringia and M. sect. Latifoliae much as recognized by McNeill, whereas representatives of M. sect. Diversifoliae are assigned to either groups), and biogeographical events related to the Würm glaciation are considered to play a fundamental role in the evolution and present distribution of the genus. The variation of the strophiole is regarded as adaptability to ecological conditions and dispersal agents. We also propose two new combinations and two replacement names: Arenaria glochidisperma (J.M. Mont.) Fior et P.O. Karis, comb. nov., Arenaria tejedensis (Willk.) Fior et P.O. Karis, comb. nov., Arenaria suffruticosa Fior et P.O. Karis, nom. nov. for Moehringia intricata Willk., and Arenaria funiculata Fior et P.O. Karis, nom. nov. for Moehringia fontqueri Pau. © The Willi Hennig Society 2007.     

On the taxonomy of Phlegmariurus (Herter) Holub sect. Huperzioides H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang (sect. nov.) with notes on the infrageneric classification of the genus Phlegmariurus in China

After the genus Phlegmariurus (Herter)Holub was proposed by J. Holub 1964, the repercussions are different, with some botanists accepting it, while others refusing. We take it as a separate genus since the related species from China are distinctly different from those of Huperzia Bernh. The plants of this genus in China are classified into three sections: Sect. Huperzioides H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang, sect. nov.; Sect. Carinaturus (Herter)H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang, comb. nov. and Sect. Phlegmariurus. A key to sections is given. The taxonomy on the new section, Sect. Huperzioides, is presented. Thirteen species are reported in China, involving 4 new combinations: Ph. petiolatus (Clarke)H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang, Ph. cryptomerianus (Maxim.)Ching, Ph. ovatifolius (Ching)W. M. Chu, Ph. nylamensis (Ching et S. K. Wu)H. S. Kung et L. B. Zhang; and 7 names are considered for the first time as synonyms: Huperzia formosana Holub [ = Ph. taiwanensis Ching ], H. austrosinica Ching [ = Ph. petiolatus ], Lycopodium mingchgense Ching [ = Ph. mincheensis Ching ], Ph. mincheensis var. angustifolius C. Y. Ma [ = Ph. mincheensis ], Ph. longyangensis C. Y. Ma [ = Ph. fordii ], Ph. nanus C. Y. Ma [ ＝ Ph. fordii ], Ph. yandongensis Ching et C. F. Zhang [ ＝ Ph.fordii]. One new record in China is found: Ph.hamiltonii.     

中国金丝桃属金丝桃组(藤黄科)新分类群

描述了中国云南北部的金丝桃属Hypericum L.(藤黄科)两个新种,即楚雄金丝桃H. fosteri N. Robson和漾濞金丝桃H. wardianum N. Robson.二者均与短柱金丝桃H. hookerianum Wight & Arn.相近.楚雄金丝桃为一地方特有种,目前仅在模式地点发现;漾濞金丝桃在缅甸东北部还有分布.二者主要以蒴果伸长,非卵状近球形,萼片无中脉而有别于短柱金丝桃.此外,将宽萼金丝桃H. latisepalum (N. Robson) N. Robson从亚种提升为种;将变异较大的纤枝金丝桃H. lagarocladum N. Robson划分为两个亚种,即叶较宽、具有开张习性的原亚种纤枝金丝桃H. lagarocladum ssp. lagarocladum和叶较窄、更为直立的新亚种狭叶金丝桃H. lagarocladum ssp. angustifolium N. Robson.     

A revision of Papaver sect. Carinatae (Papaveraceae)

Of the seven species recognized in Papaver sect. Carinatae by Fedde only P. macrostomum is retained here. Besides the type variety with glabrous capsules and pedicels with appressed setae forms with pedicels with patent setae are recognized as var. dalechianum comb, et stat. nov. and forms with capsules with an indumentum of appressed setae as var. bornmülleri comb, et stat. nov. The distribution of the three taxa is mapped and the affinities of sect. Carinatae discussed. P. macrostomum var. macrostomum is self-compatible and has 2n = 14 chromosomes.     

Resurrection of the genus Yezoterpnosia Matsumura (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadini) based on a new definition of the genus Terpnosia Distant

The genus Terpnosia Distant is newly defined. Terpnosia elegans (Kirby) stat. rev. is resurrected from junior synonymy with Terpnosia psecas (Walker). Seven species are now considered to belong to Terpnosia sensu stricto, including two species currently placed in this genus: T. psecas (Walker) and T. elegans (Kirby) stat. rev. Five species are transferred from Pomponia Stål to Terpnosia: T. polei (Henry) comb. nov., T. lactea (Distant) comb. nov., T. similis (Schmidt) comb. nov., T. simusa (Boulard) comb. nov., and T. graecina (Distant) comb. nov. Yezoterpnosia Matsumura stat. rev. is resurrected from junior synonymy with Terpnosia. Six species formerly in the genus Terpnosia are transferred to Yezoterpnosia: Y. nigricosta (De Motschulsky), Y. ichangensis (Liu) comb. nov., Y. shaanxiensis (Sanborn) comb. nov., Y. vacua (Olivier) comb. nov., Y. obscura (Kato) comb. nov., and Y. fuscoapicalis (Kato) comb. nov. Terpnosia is placed in the subtribe Psithyristriina of the tribe Cicadini, and Yezoterpnosia is placed in the subtribe Leptopsaltriina of Cicadini. Terpnosiina syn. nov. is synonymized with Psithyristriina.     

INDIAN OCEAN NANNOPLANKTON. II. HOLOCOCCOLITHOPHORIDS (CALYPTROSPHAERACEAE,PRYMNESIOPHYCEAE) WITH A REVIEW OF EXTANT GENERA1

Holococcolithophorids, pyrmnesiophytes having only one type of calcareous element in their coccoliths, are delicate and not commonly recorded in recent and fossil marine floras. There are few records of these organisms from the Indian Ocean and 26 species from there are included in this report. Although the group, generally assigned to a single family, the Calyptrosphaeraceae, may contain species that are part of the life history of heterococcolith-bearing cells in other stages, so little is known of this aspect of their biology that one must continue, at the present time, to treat them as independent taxonomic entities. A key is provided for the known holococcolithophorid genera. A new genus, Gliscolithus, and three new species, Gliscolithus amitakarenae, Calyptrosphaera heimdalae, and Helladosphaera pienaarii are described. The following new combinations are proposed: Calyptrolithina fragaria (Kamptner) comb. nov., Calyptrolithina gaarderae (Borsetti et Cati) comb. nov., Calyptrolithina isselii (Borsetti et Cati) comb. nov., Calyptrolithina lafourcadii (Lecal) comb. nov., Calyptrolithina magnaghii (Borsetti et Cati) comb. nov., Calyptrolithina multipora (Gaarder) comb. nov., Calyptrolithina porritectum (Heimdal) comb. nov., Calyptrolithina wettsteinii (Kamptner) comb. nov., Calyptrolithophora catillifera (Kamptner) comb. nov., Calyptrolithophora galea (Lecal-Schlauder) comb. nov., Dactylethra pirus (Kamptner) comb. nov., Helladosphaera arethusae (Kamptner) comb. nov., Helladosphaera gracilis (Kamptner) comb. nov., Homozygosphaera strigilis (Gaarder) comb. nov. and Syracolithus schilleri (Kamptner) comb. nov. The new combination in the genus Dactylethra Gartner for the first time brings an extant species into this genus that formerly contained only fossil species. It is pointed out that the enlarged zygoliths in stomatal areas of Corisphaera and the helladoliths in stomatal regions of Helladosphaera have intergrading types and are not distinctive enough characteristics to separate these genera.