共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Wei Dai Linglin Fu Huahua Du Huitao Liu Zirong Xu 《Biological trace element research》2010,136(1):71-78
In order to investigate the effects of montmorillonite (MMT) on reducing dietary lead (Pb) toxicity to tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), 240 fish were randomly divided into four treatments denominated as follows: control treatment (fed with a basal diet),
MMT treatment (fed with a basal diet added with 0.5% MMT), Pb treatment (fed with a basal diet added with 100 mg Pb per kilogram
dry weight (dw)), and Pb + MMT treatment (fed with a basal diet added with 100 mg Pb per kilogram dw and 0.5% MMT). Changes
in Pb accumulation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in tilapia were measured after 60 days. DNA damage was assessed using
comet assay. The results showed that MMT supplemented in diet significantly reduced Pb accumulation in kidney and blood of
tilapia exposed to dietary Pb (P < 0.05). Malondialdehyde level decreased insignificantly while levels of total antioxidant capacity and glutathione (GSH),
activities of glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase increased insignificantly in kidney of tilapia in Pb + MMT
treatment as compared to Pb treatment (P > 0.05). Significant decreases in tail length, tail DNA, tail moment, and Olive tail moment of peripheral blood cells in
Pb + MMT treatment were observed when compared with Pb treatment (P < 0.05). The results indicated that dietary MMT supplementation could alleviate dietary Pb toxicity to tilapia effectively. 相似文献
2.
PurposeTo develop the method for ultrasound (US)-guided intra-operative electron beam radiation therapy (IOERT).MethodsWe first established the simulation, planning, and delivery methods for US-guided IOERT and constructed appropriate hardware (the multi-function applicator, accessories, and US phantom). We tested our US-guided IOERT method using this hardware and the Monte Carlo simulation IOERT treatment planning system (TPS). The IOERT TPS used a compensator to build the conformal dose distribution. Then, we used the TPS to evaluate the effect of setup uncertainty on target coverage by introducing phantom setup error ranging from 0 mm to 10 mm to the plans with and without the compensator.ResultsThe simulation, planning, and delivery methods for US-guided IOERT were introduced and validated on a phantom. A complete technique for US-guided IOERT was established. Target coverage decreased by about 12% and 29% as the phantom setup error increased to 5 mm and 10 mm for the plans with compensator, respectively. Without compensator, the corresponding target coverage decreases were 2% and 13%, respectively.ConclusionIn our study, we developed the multi-function applicator, US Phantom, and TPS for IOERT. The procedures included not only dose distribution planning, but also intraoperative US imaging, which provided the information necessary during surgery to improve IOERT quality assurance. Target coverage was more sensitive to setup errors with compensator compared to no compensator. Further studies are needed to validate the clinical efficacy of this US-guided IOERT method. 相似文献
3.
PurposeIn IOERT breast treatments, a shielding disk is frequently used to protect the underlying healthy structures. The disk is usually composed of two materials, a low-Z material intended to be oriented towards the beam and a high-Z material. As tissues are repositioned around the shield before treatment, the disk is no longer visible and its correct alignment with respect to the beam is guaranteed. This paper studies the dosimetric characteristics of four possible clinical positioning scenarios of the shielding disk. A new alignment method for the shielding disk in the beam is introduced. Finally, it suggests a new design for the shielding disk.MethodsAs the first step, the IOERT machine “Mobetron 1000” was modeled by using Monte Carlo simulation, tuning the MC model until an excellent match with the measured PDDs and profiles was achieved. Four possible shielding disk positioning scenarios were considered, determining the dosimetric impact. Furthermore, in our center, to prevent beam misalignment, we have developed a shielding disk equipped with guiding rods. Having ascertained a correct alignment between the disk and the beam, we can propose a new internal design of the shielding disk that can improve the dose distribution with a better coverage of the treated area.ResultsAll MC simulations were performed with a 12 MeV beam, the maximum energy of Mobetron 1000 and a 5.5 cm diameter flat tip applicator, this applicator being the most clinically used. The simulations were compared with measurements performed in a water phantom and showed good results within 2.2% of root mean square difference (RMSD). The misplacement positions of the shielding disk have dosimetric impacts in the treatment volume and a small translation could have a significant influence on healthy tissues. The D-scenario is the worst which could happens when the shielding disk is flipped upside down, giving up to 144% dose instead of 90% at the surface of the Pb/Al shielding disk. A new shielding design used, together with our alignment tool, is able to give a more homogeneous dose in the target area.ConclusionsThe accuracy of shielding disk position can still be problematic in IOERT dosimetry. Any method that can ascertain the good alignment between the shielding disk and the beam is beneficial for the dose distribution and is a prerequisite for an optimized shield internal design that could improve the coverage of the treated area and the protection of healthy tissues. 相似文献
4.
Azam Sadat Hosseini Alhashemi Abdolreza R. Karbassi Bahram Hassanzadeh Kiabi Seyed Masoud Monavari Seyed Mohammad Bagher Nabavi Mohammad Sadegh Sekhavatjou 《Biological trace element research》2011,142(3):500-516
Present study investigates relationships between total and bioaccessibility of trace elements (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, NI, Pb,
V, and Zn) concentrations in sediment and their bioaccumulation in species in Shadegan wetland in southwest of Iran. Bioavailability
factor (BAF) and translocation factor (TF) were calculated in plants and trophic transfer factor (TTF) was determined in bird
species. For this purpose, sampling of sediments, aquatic plants including Phragmites australis, Typha australis, Scripus maritimus and two bird species encircling Porphyrio porphyrio and globally threatened Marmaronetta angustirostris were carried out during winter 2009. Result of chemical analysis show that bioaccessibility concentrations of Mn (8.31 mg/kg),
V (1.33 mg/kg), and Pb (1.03 mg/kg) are higher than other metals. The uptake trend of trace elements in plant decreases as
root > stem > leaf. Accumulation levels of trace elements in different tissues of P. porphyrio and M. angustirostris are almost identical and considerable. Accumulation and toxicity of Cd in birds is more than plants. In addition, BAF of
V, Pb, and Cr indicates high accumulation by plants and great pollution rate in the area of study. In S. maritimus TF for Mn, Cu, Pb, and V are high whereas in T. australis, Cu and Pb posses the highest TF. Also Cr, Co, Mn, Ni, and Zn have higher TF from stem to leaf than root to stem in P. australis. Finally, TTFs were compared in various bird species. 相似文献
5.
Schmidt EC Pereira B Pontes CL dos Santos R Scherner F Horta PA de Paula Martins R Latini A Maraschin M Bouzon ZL 《Protoplasma》2012,249(2):353-367
The in vivo effect of ultraviolet radiation-B (UVBR) in apical segments of Chondracanthus teedei was examined. Over a period of 7 days, the segments were cultivated and exposed to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)
at 80 μmol photons m−2 s−1 and PAR + UVBR at 1.6 W m−2 for 3 h per day. The samples were processed for electron microscopy and histochemistry; also was analyzed growth rates, mitochondrial
activity, protein levels, content of photosynthetic pigments and photosynthetic performance. UVBR elicited increased cell
wall thickness and accumulation of plastoglobuli, changes in mitochondrial organization and destruction of chloroplast internal
organization. Compared to controls, algae exposed to PAR + UVBR showed a growth rate reduction of 55%. The content of photosynthetic
pigments, including chlorophyll a and phycobiliproteins, decreased after exposure to PAR + UVBR. This result agrees with the decreased photosynthetic performance
observed after exposing algae to PAR + UVBR. Irradiation also elicited increased activity of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione
peroxidase and decreased mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase activity, which correlated with the decreased protein content in
plants exposed to PAR + UVBR. Taken together, these findings strongly indicate that UVBR negatively affects the architecture
and metabolism of the carragenophyte C. teedei. 相似文献
6.
Chirayu D. Pandya Prakash P. Pillai Sarita S. Gupta 《Biological trace element research》2010,134(3):307-317
The redox status and steroid metabolism of liver of adult male rat exposed to lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) either alone or in
co-exposure (0.025 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally/15 days) was studied. Pb and Cd significantly accumulated in the liver.
The activity of steroid metabolizing enzymes 17-βhydroxysteroid oxidoreductase and uridine diphosphate–glucuronyltransferase
were decreased in experimental animals. 17-β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was reduced to 33%, 38%, and 24% on treatment of
Pb, Cd, and co-exposure (Pb + Cd). Furthermore, the activity of uridine diphosphate–glucuronosyltransferase was significantly
reduced to 27% (Pb exposure), 36% (Cd exposure), and 25% (co-exposure of Pb + Cd). Cd exposure exhibited more toxic effect
than Pb, while co-exposure demonstrated the least. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase,
glutathione reductase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase decreased and glutathione peroxidase increased in mitochondrial
and post-mitochondrial fractions. The level of lipid peroxidation increased, and cellular glutathione concentration decreased.
Hepatic DNA was decreased, whereas RNA content and the activity of alanine transaminase remained unchanged. Histological studies
revealed that only Cd-exposed groups exhibited cytotoxic effect. These results suggest that when Pb and Cd are present together
in similar concentrations, they exhibited relatively decreased toxic effect when compared to lead and cadmium in isolation
with regard to decreased steroid metabolizing and antioxidant enzyme activities. This seems that the toxic effect of these
metals is antagonized by co-exposure due to possible competition amongst Pb and Cd for hepatic accumulation. 相似文献
7.
A new liparid, Careproctus
parvidiscus, is described on the basis of a single specimen (177 mm in standard length) collected from the southern Okhotsk Sea, off
Shiretoko Point, Hokkaido, Japan, at 400–700 m depth. It is distinguished from other congeners by the following combination
of the characters: 50 dorsal fin rays, 44 anal fin rays, 10 + 47 = 57 vertebrae, 2 pleural ribs, 14 pyloric caeca being slender
and pointed, 2 suprabranchial pores, narrower gill opening, longer lower lobe of pectoral fin, base of uppermost pectoral
fin ray almost on a level with center of eye, rudimentary disk, dusky peritoneum, and black stomach.
Received: June 13, 2001 / Revised: December 7, 2001 / Accepted: December 22, 2001 相似文献
8.
Barton HJ 《Biological trace element research》2011,143(2):637-658
The population of about 300 6-year-old preschool children was studied for lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in deciduous teeth, scalp
hair, and capillary blood. Zinc (Zn) content in hair was also measured due to its possible interferences with the elements
studied. The Pb and Cd contents were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with Zeeman background correction,
and Zn, by flame method. Metal levels found were comparable to those in European countries. Positive correlations between
Pb and Cd in the same and different tissues were widespread (r = 0.23–0.68). A positive correlation was found between Pb in teeth and blood (r = 0.65, p < 0.001). Pb blood threshold 100 μg L−1 referred to 2.6 μg g−1 Pb in teeth. Predictability of this Pb teeth limit was 14% vs. 5% for Pb blood. Strong negative correlation was found between
hair Pb and Zn (r = −0.68, p < 0.001). Enhanced Cd and Zn levels in hair were associated with the household drinking water hardness. The associations
with some other environmental and behavioral factors were also presented and discussed. The results proved the advantage of
analysis of primary teeth for Pb exposure screening of preschool children. 相似文献
9.
Bing Chen Ludwig V. Lamberts Geert J. Behets Tingting Zhao Mingxiang Zhou Gang Liu Xianghua Hou Guangju Guan Patrick C. D’Haese 《Biological trace element research》2009,131(1):1-12
Whole blood and serum samples of Chinese stable chronic renal failure (CRF) patients (n = 81), hemodialysis patients (n = 135), posttransplant patients (n = 60), and subjects with normal renal function (NRF; N = 42) were collected, as well as water and dialysate samples from five dialysis centers. The concentration of selenium (Se),
lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean serum Se levels in patients with different
degrees of renal failure were significantly lower than those of subjects with NRF (p < 0.01). Pb levels were not increased in renal failure patients, while the Cd levels in patients with various degrees of
renal failure were higher than in subjects with NRF (p < 0.05). After correcting the results of Pb and Cd for hematocrit (Hct) however, Pb levels of dialysis patients were also
increased. In the dialysis population under study, blood Pb and Cd levels were closely related to the time on dialysis, while
contamination of the final dialysate may also contribute to the increased blood Cd and to a less extent Pb levels. Correction
for Hct may be recommended to accurately compare blood Pb and Cd levels in dialysis patients and CRF patients with varying
degrees of anemia to those of subjects with NRF. 相似文献
10.
Since genetic damage induced by ethanol exposure is controversial and incomplete and because germ and somatic cells constitute
bioindicators for monitoring reproductive toxicity and genotoxic actions of ethanol consumption, the purpose of the present
investigation was to evaluate morphological sperm, oocyte alterations and parental genotoxic effects after sub-chronic ethanol
intake in the CF-1 outbred mouse strain. Ethanol 10% was administered to CF-1 adult male (treated males, TM) and female (treated
females, TF) mice for 27 days, whereas water was given to controls from both sexes too (CM and CF). Post-treatment micronucleus
frequency (MN-PCE/1,000/mouse) and gamete morphology were evaluated. To test whether change of female reproductive status
results in maternal genotoxicity, CF-1 females received ethanol 10% (exposed group, periconceptionally treated females (PTF))
or water (control group, pregnant control females (PCF)) in drinking water for 17 days previous and up to 10 days of gestation.
TM had a high percentage of abnormal spermatozoa vs CM (p < 0.001) and elevated parthenogenetic activated oocyte frequency appeared in TF vs CF (p < 0.001). Sub-chronic ethanol ingestion induced increased MN frequency in TM and TF (p < 0.01). In PTF, where blood alcohol concentrations were between 19–28 mg/dl, very significantly increased MN frequency was
found vs PCF (p < 0.01), whereas MN values were similar to TF. These results show that sub-chronic alcohol ingestion in CF-1 mice produces
sperm head dysmorphogenesis and oocyte nuclear anomalies, suggesting that morphological abnormalities in germ cells are probably
related to parental genotoxicity after ethanol consumption. 相似文献
11.
Shirin Hasan Nayeem Bilal Shoa Naqvi Ghulam Md Ashraf Nida Suhail Sadhana Sharma Naheed Banu 《Biological trace element research》2011,142(3):589-597
Brain is a target of stress along with the immune, metabolic, and cardiovascular systems of the body. In the present work,
the preventive roles of a multivitamin–mineral supplement and vitamins (E + C) in chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced
oxidative damage were studied in the brain and heart of Swiss albino mice. Thirty-two mice were randomized to one of the following
groups: control + vehicle, CUS + vehicle, CUS + multivitamin–mineral, and CUS + vitamins (E + C). CUS was applied for 4 weeks,
and multivitamin–mineral and vitamins (E + C) were administered orally for the same period. CUS led to a negative impact on
all the biochemical parameters analyzed. Elevation in malondialdehyde and reduction in glutathione levels were found. The
activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione reductase were decreased. Treatment with multivitamin–mineral and vitamins (E + C) brought these
parameters to near normal levels. Multivitamin–mineral was found more restitutive than combined vitamins (E + C) doses. The
present study hypothesizes that supplementation with a multivitamin–mineral may prove more effective than vitamin treatment
alone in the alleviation of oxidative damage in brain and heart during periods of chronic stress. 相似文献
12.
Existing hypotheses on the mode of disk formation in the photoreceptor cells of mammals appear to be incompatible: (1) plasma
membranes of adjacent evaginations form a disk which, subsequently, is internalized by a disk rim; (2) pinocytotic vesicles
are pinched off from the plasma membrane and fuse into a larger vesicle, which flattens and forms a disk. We have studied
the development of the cone outer segment and the disk formation in Tupaia
belangeri by transmission electron microscopy. During the first two postnatal weeks, the distal part of the single cilium, which is
inserted apically on the inner segment, becomes balloon-shaped. Apical to the axoneme, it contains tubular and vesicular material,
which, most probably, has been detached from the axonemal microtubules. These tubules and vesicles do not contribute to disks.
The balloon-shaped expansion, later retained as the ciliary backbone, establishes the contact with the pigment epithelium.
Formation of disks, from the 12-day-old Tupaia onwards, occurs between adjacent evaginations at the outer segment base. The initial disk rims are “hooked” to the ciliary
axonemal microtubules. The axonemal microtubules are involved in the initiation and in the alignment of the disks. Disk rim
formation and, thus, internalization of disks proceeds from the base to the apex of the outer segment, that is, from the younger
to the older disks. In the adult Tupaia, an uneven progression of disk rim formation on both sides of the axoneme is found among consecutive disks. The seemingly
incompatible hypotheses on the mode of disk formation reflect a heterochrony of the internalization of membranes and of the
disk formation among different mammals and, possibly, between cones and rods.
Received: 24 July 1997 / Accepted: 10 September 1997 相似文献
13.
Giuseppe Tonini Corrado Nunziata Salvatore P. Prete Rita Pepponi Mario Turriziani Giovanna Masci Grazia Graziani Enzo Bonmassar Liana De Vecchis 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》1998,47(3):157-166
Immune responses, including natural immunity (NI), potentiate the antitumor effects of chemotherapy. Since interferons and
interleukin-2 (IL-2) augment NI, a pilot study was conducted to assess the tolerability and the effects on host immunity of
adjuvant chemotherapy associated with IL-2 + interferon alpha (IFN) in breast cancer patients after surgery. Ten patients
underwent alternating 28-day cycles of chemoimmunotherapy [cyclophosphamide + methotrexate + 5-fluorouracil (CMF, days 1,
8) + IL-2 (days 15–19) + IFN (day 22)] and chemotherapy alone (CMF). With this regimen each patient was considered to be a
reasonable “control” of herself. Blood cell count and natural killer cell activity (NKA) were tested on days 1, 8, 15, 22,
and 23. Preliminary in vitro studies indicated that IL-2 or IFN antagonized the severe inhibition of NKA induced by hydroxy-peroxy-cyclophosphamide
(in vitro active derivative of cyclophosphamide), alone or associated with methotrexate + 5-fluorouracil. Nine patients completed
all six alternating cycles, whereas one patient proved to have metastatic lesions after four cycles. The protocol was well
tolerated, although leukopenia (CMF alone) and leukopenia with fever and moderate or minimal flu-like symptoms (CMF + IL-2 + IFN)
were generally observed. Treatment with IL-2 facilitated complete recovery of white cell counts and NKA after the nadir on
day 15. In conclusion, the present protocol appears to be well tolerated and amenable to administration on an outpatient basis.
Therefore, further investigations should be performed to verify whether CMF + IL-2 + IFN would be superior to CMF alone for
adjuvant treatment after surgery in breast cancer.
Received: 9 April 1998 / Accepted: 16 July 1998 相似文献
14.
Michael W. Levine 《Biological cybernetics》1998,79(5):367-376
Neighboring ganglion cells in the vertebrate retina not only respond to the same stimuli but also display cross-correlated
activity on a millisecond time scale. Recent studies of this cross-correlation have indicated that simple linear addition
of common variability to each ganglion cell signal does not account for the observations (Levine 1997). In this report, Monte
Carlo simulations of various linear and nonlinear models are presented that confirm the earlier speculations. Models in which
common variability alters the leakages of a pair of leaky integrate-and-fire neurons account for the data and predict the
cross-correlogram lag without invoking temporal delay lines.
Received: 23 August 1996 / Received after review process: 18 June 1998 / Accepted in revised form: 13 July 1998 相似文献
15.
Ab initio calculations have been performed using the complete basis set model (CBS-QB3) to study the reaction mechanism of
butane radical (C4H9•) with oxygen (O2). On the calculated potential energy surface, the addition of O2 to C4H9• forms three intermediates barrierlessly, which can undergo subsequent isomerization or decomposition reaction leading to
various products: HOO• + C4H8, C2H5• + CH2CHOOH, OH• + C3H7CHO, OH• + cycle-C4H8O, CH3• + CH3CHCHOOH, CH2OOH• + C3H6. Five pathways are supposed in this study. After taking into account the reaction barrier and enthalpy, the most possible
reaction pathway is C4H9• + O2 → IM1 → TS5 → IM3 → TS6 → IM4 → TS7 → OH• + cycle-C4H8O. 相似文献
16.
Copper and other transition metal ions and their complexes are catalysts for the decomposition of nitrosothiols. In this
way they catalyze the biological functions of nitrosothiols. The kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of two nitrosothiols,
S-nitrosothiolactic acid and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), with copper(I) are reported. The kinetics of the reaction of Cu(MeCN)
n
+ (n=0–3) with the nitrosothiols were studied. The results indicate that Cu+
aq is the active species in the GSNO system, with k(Cu+
aq+GSNO)=(9.4 ±2.0)×107 dm3 mol−1 s−1 . The results also indicate that the Cu(MeCN)
n
+ (n=0–3) complexes react with S-nitrosothiolactic acid. Transient species are formed in these processes. The results suggest that these species contain copper(I)
and thiol. The results shed light on the catalytic role of copper complexes in the decomposition of S-nitrosothiols.
Received 10 April 1999 / Accepted 17 December 1999 相似文献
17.
18.
Avner Priel Arnolt J. Ramos Jack A. Tuszynski Horacio F. Cantiello 《Journal of biological physics》2008,34(5):475-485
Microtubules (MTs) are important cytoskeletal superstructures implicated in neuronal morphology and function, which are involved
in vesicle trafficking, neurite formation and differentiation and other morphological changes. The structural and functional
properties of MTs depend on their high intrinsic charge density and functional regulation by the MT depolymerising properties
of changes in Ca2 + concentration. Recently, we reported on remarkable properties of isolated MTs, which behave as biomolecular transistors capable
of amplifying electrical signals (Priel et al., Biophys J 90:4639–4643, 2006). Here, we demonstrate that MT-bathing (cytoplasmic) Ca2 + concentrations modulate the electrodynamic properties of MTs. Electrical amplification by MTs was exponentially dependent
on the Ca2 + concentration between 10 − 7 and 10 − 2 M. However, the electrical connectivity (coupling) of MTs was optimal at a narrower window of Ca2 + concentrations. We observed that while raising bathing Ca2 + concentration increased electrical amplification by MTs, energy transfer was highest in the presence of ethylene glycol tetraacetic
acid (lowest Ca2 + concentration). Our data indicate that Ca2 + is an important modulator of electrical amplification by MTs, supporting the hypothesis that this divalent cation, which
adsorbs onto the polymer’s surface, plays an important role as a regulator of the electrical properties of MTs. The Ca2 + -dependent ability of MTs to modulate and amplify electrical signals may provide a novel means of cell signaling, likely contributing
to neuronal function. 相似文献
19.
A 42-day experiment was conducted to compare the effects of various levels of sodium selenite (SS) and Se-enriched yeast (SY)
on chicken productivity, carcass traits, and breast Se concentration. Six hundred 1-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were placed
on 1 of 6 experimental treatments. The treatments consisted of feeding a diet without Se supplementation (basal diet) or basal
diet with 0.6 mg/kg supplemented Se supplied by SS, SY, or a mix of the two (0.45 SS + 0.15 SY; 0.3 SS + 0.3 SY; 0.15 SS + 0.45
SY). Chicks in all Se-supplemented treatments had significantly higher final body weight and eviscerated weight than those
on the basal diet (P < 0,05) and no significant differences were observed among selenium source (P < 0.05). Also, chicks in all Se-supplemented treatments had significantly higher Se contents in breast tissue than the control
group (P < 0.05). Replacing SS by SY in the broiler diets resulted in increased concentrations of Se in the breast (P < 0.01). Strong correlations were found between breast Se concentrations and the level of SY supplementation of the broiler
diet (r = 0.992). The results from this experiment indicate that SY is a superior source of selenium for the production of selenized
meat, and can be used, without any detrimental effect on chicken performance, for adding nutritional value to broiler meat
and thus safely improving human selenium intake. 相似文献
20.
Castro SV de Carvalho AA da Silva CM Faustino LR Campello CC Lucci CM Báo SN de Figueiredo JR Rodrigues AP 《Cell and tissue research》2011,346(2):283-292
Goat ovarian cortex fragments were subjected to slow freezing in the presence of various solutions containing intracellular
cryoprotectants, including 1.0 M ethylene glycol (EG), propanediol (PROH), or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), with or without sucrose
and/or fetal calf serum (FCS). Histological examination revealed that only the DMSO-containing solutions were able to maintain
a follicular ultrastructure similar to the morphology observed in the fresh control. Therefore, fragments previously cryopreserved
in DMSO solutions (with and without sucrose and/or FCS) were cultured in vitro for 48 h and then subjected to viability, histological,
and ultrastructural analysis. No significant differences were observed among the percentages of morphologically normal follicles
in cryopreserved ovarian tissue before in vitro culture (DMSO: 62.5%; DMSO + sucrose: 68.3%; DMSO + FCS: 60.0%; DMSO + sucrose + FCS:
60.0%) and after culture (DMSO: 60.8%; DMSO + sucrose: 64.2%; DMSO + FCS: 70.8%; DMSO + sucrose + FCS: 55.0%). Following in
vitro culture, the viability analysis showed that only the freezing solution containing DMSO and FCS (75.6%) maintained a
percentage of viable follicles similar to that observed after culture without cryopreservation (89.3%). As determined by ultrastructural
analysis, morphologically normal preantral follicles were detected in the fresh control and in fragments cultured before and
after cryopreservation with DMSO and FCS. Thus, a freezing solution containing DMSO and FCS, under the experimental conditions
tested here, guaranteed the maintenance of viability and follicular ultrastructure after short-term in vitro culture. 相似文献