水稻RubisCO的纯化及其与烟草RubisCO性质的比较

利用蔗糖密度梯度离心和DEAE-Sepharose fast flow柱层析等步骤从水稻叶片中纯化了RubisCO。此法不仅快速,而且酶的收得率高,酶的比活达1.15 μmol CO_2 min~(-1) mg~(-1)。 水稻RubisCO的热稳定性比烟草酶差,在活化时对Mg~(2 )较敏感。水稻和烟草RubisCO钝化态时总巯基数和表面巯基数相同,然而当酶活化后,水稻酶表面巯基数增加,而烟草酶则减少。当这些表面巯基被修饰后,水稻酶活性损失60％而烟草酶活力仅损失15％。水稻和烟草RubisCO的远紫外CD光谱有明显的区别,这显示了两者在二级结构、酶比活和性质上的重大差别。     

豌豆铁蛋白的纯化及其抗血清的制备

干豌豆种子粗提物经MgCl2 盐析、AcA2 2 凝胶过滤和DEAE 纤维素阴离子交换柱层析等方法进行纯化 ,以邻菲咯啉显色法检测铁蛋白 ,最后获得纯的铁蛋白 .纯化的铁蛋白在PAGE上显示一条带 ,SDS PAGE显示该蛋白仅含 2 8kD一条亚基 .纯化的豌豆铁蛋白免疫兔 7周后 ,琼脂糖双扩散法检测抗血清效价达 1∶32 .用分级盐析法纯化抗血清 ,纯化后的抗体用琼脂糖双扩散法对大豆铁蛋白粗提物有免疫交叉反应     

烟草核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶四级结构的研究(英文)

本文提出三种证据证明烟草核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶(Rubisco)的大亚基伸展在小亚基的外面,小亚基排列在大亚基中间的概念。证据是:1.固定化胰蛋白酶在一定条件下可水解RubisCO的大亚基但不水解小亚基,而天然胰蛋白酶水解大亚基,也水解小亚基。2.固定化抗小亚基IgG-Sepharose可与游离的小亚基相结合,但不能与全酶结合。3.低浓度尿素处理可使固定化的RubisCO-Sepharose上的小亚基解离下来,而大亚基仍结合在载体上,这说明RubisCO是通过定位在分子表面上的大亚基的ε-氨基与Sepharose共价偶联的。当RubisCO中的小亚基全部被解离后,大亚基之间的结合进一步增强,这时解离大亚基所需的尿素浓度要比小亚基存在时高。任何RubisCO的四级结构模型都应将小亚基置于大亚基中间受保护的位置,一部份小亚基可暴露于全酶分子表面。     

叶绿体陪伴蛋白在几种藻类中的存在和分布

用豌豆叶绿体陪伴蛋白（ｃｈ－ｃｐｎ６０）的杭体对衣藻和多种蓝藻细胞提取液作Ｗｅｓｔ－ｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ分析表明：真核的衣藻和原核的有异形胞丝状蓝藻的一种鱼腥藻中存在一种与豌豆ｃｈ－ｃｐｎ６０抗体有交叉反应的蛋白,其一个亚基的分子量与豌豆该蛋白的分子量相似,而另一亚基的分子量高于豌豆的β亚基分子量。绿藻和丝状蓝藻中这一蛋白在热处理后含量增加,而经－２０℃冷处理１２ｈ后含量明显下降。在单细胞蓝藻中则检测不到这种蛋白。     

β-TC3细胞膜与胰岛素受体结合G蛋白的鉴定

目的:用免疫共沉淀的方法检测β-TC3(小鼠胰岛β细胞瘤细胞)细胞膜中与胰岛素受体结合的G蛋白.方法:提取β-TC3细胞膜蛋白,通过免疫共沉淀及蛋白质印迹的方法,检测G蛋白α及β亚基的表达.结果:抗胰岛素受体抗体沉淀胰岛素受体结合的G蛋白复合物后,分别用抗胰岛素受体抗体、抗G蛋白α亚基抗体及抗G蛋白β亚基抗体,检测到胰岛素受体、G蛋白α亚基及G蛋白β亚基的表达.结论:在β-TC3细胞膜中,胰岛素受体与G蛋白共存,G蛋白α亚基及β亚基与胰岛素受体可能存在直接的相互作用.     

重组人蛋白激酶CK 2α亚基的原核表达、纯化与鉴定

将构建成功的人蛋白激酶 CK2 α亚基 c DNA的重组质粒 ,转化大肠杆菌 BL2 1 ( DE3) ,IPTG诱导后获特异高效表达 ,表达蛋白占菌体总蛋白的 30 % ,但大多数重组蛋白以不溶形式存在 .表达产物依次进行 DE- 5 2、P1 1磷酸纤维素和肝素 - Sepharose柱层析分离 ,最后从 30 9mg可溶性蛋白质中得到 6.1 mg纯化蛋白 . SDS- PAGE显示纯化的蛋白质为一分子量 4 2 k D的单一蛋白带 .Western- blot的结果证明 :纯化的表达产物与抗人 CK2α抗体可发生特异性免疫反应 . CK2α和β亚基等摩尔分子混合可组成有完全活性的全酶 .重组的 CK2全酶的性质和功能与该酶的已知特性一致 .这些结果证明重组蛋白是人蛋白激酶 CK2 α亚基     

新型α-半乳糖苷酶多克隆抗体的制备及特异性鉴定

目的：制备高效价、高特异性的新型α-半乳糖苷酶的兔多抗,并鉴定该抗体的特异性。方法：用脆弱类杆菌来源的基因重组α-半乳糖苷酶（纯度大于90％）免疫新西兰大白兔,获得α-半乳糖苷酶的兔抗血清,并经HiTrap rProteinA柱纯化获得高纯度的抗体;用间接ELISA法检测抗体效价,Western印迹评价抗体的特异性。结果：通过免疫法得到了α-半乳糖苷酶的兔多克隆抗体血清,抗体效价达1：1×10^6,经rProteinA柱纯化后获得了高效价、高纯度的抗体,Western印迹显示该抗体特异性地与新型α-半乳糖苷酶结合。结论：获得了新型α-半乳糖苷酶的高效价、高特异性的兔多克隆抗体,可用于血型转变过程中残留α-半乳糖苷酶含量的特异性检测。     

重组人CK2β亚基的原核表达、纯化与鉴定

将构建成功的人蛋白激酶CK2β亚基cDNA的重组质粒, 转化大肠杆菌BL21 (DE3), 在IPTG诱导下表达. 表达蛋白大多数以不溶形式存在. 6L(约10.2 g)表达菌抽提得到约20 mg的可溶性表达产物, 通过P11磷酸纤维素一步层析分离, 得到6.8 mg纯化蛋白. SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结果显示纯化的蛋白为一分子质量26 ku的单一蛋白带.蛋白质印迹结果证明：纯化的表达产物与抗人CK2β抗体可发生特异性免疫反应. CK2β亚基对CK2α有激活作用, 纯化的CK2α和β亚基在等摩尔混合时即可组成有最大生物活性的全酶. 实验结果有力地证明了克隆表达与纯化的重组蛋白是人蛋白激酶CK2β亚基.     

小鼠抗人胰岛素受体单克隆抗体的制备、纯化及鉴定

 M11D杂交瘤细胞株是由人胎盘细胞膜纯化所得胰岛素受体免疫BALB/C小鼠后,取其脾细胞与同系小鼠骨髓瘤细胞株NS-1细胞融合所得。该杂交瘤细胞分泌的抗体经ELISA及放射免疫沉淀法证实为胰岛素受体特异的单克隆抗体。该抗体经Protein A-Sepharose亲和层析分离、纯化,SDS-聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳鉴定得分子量分别为53000及23000的两条区带,免疫双扩证明为IgGl。该抗体特异地沉淀125Ⅰ-人胎盘细胞膜胰岛素受体,沉淀经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳后放射自显影得分子量为135000的特异显影带,与胰岛素受体α亚基分子量相同,说明M11D为抗胰岛素受体α亚基的单克隆抗体。     

丁氏双鳍电鳐(Narcine timlei)电器官烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体(AChR)某些生化性质的研究

本文报道了丁氏双鳍电鳐（Narcine timlei）电器官烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体蛋白（AChR）的某些生化性质。纯化的AChR经聚丙烯酰胺梯度（4％—30％）凝胶电泳,呈现一个主要蛋白带,经测定,表观分子量为440,000,与~（125）I-α-Bgt-AChR复合物的分子量相一致。等电聚焦电泳测得纯化AChR和~（125）I-α-BgtAChR的等电点（pI）分别为4.9和5.2;经SDS—聚丙烯酰胺梯度（4％—30％）凝胶电泳,纯化的AChR解离成三个主要亚基蛋白带,它们的表观分子量分别为38,000,42,000和66,000,其中前两个亚基的含量很高,约占总数75％。氨基酸组成分析表明,丁氏双鳍电鳐电器官AChR由18种氨基酸组成,（色氨酸未测定）,其中酸性氨基酸含量很高,占总数的20％以上,说明纯化的AChR是一个复杂结构的酸性蛋白大分子。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.