西藏芽孢杆菌XZ7中Amicoumacin类抗生素的分离鉴定与生物活性研究

采用UPLC-DAD-MS分析发现西藏当雄土壤来源芽孢杆菌XZ7发酵液中的Amicoumacin类化合物,并利用反相柱层析和高效液相色谱对发现的3个Amicoumacin类化合物进行分离纯化;根据紫外光谱、高分辨质谱和核磁共振波谱数据及文献比对,鉴定3个化合物分别为:Bacilosarcin A(1)、Bacilosarcin B(2)和Bacilosarcin C(3)。抑菌实验结果表明化合物2对表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有较强的抑制活性(MIC=4~16μg/m L);细胞毒性测试结果表明化合物1和2对HepG2肿瘤细胞具有较高的抑制作用,其中化合物2抑制作用最强,IC_(50)值为2.8μM。同时,化合物2对MCF-7和He La肿瘤细胞也有较强的细胞毒作用,IC_(50)值分别为6.2μM和4.0μM。     

黄白侧耳大米固体发酵次级代谢产物分析

从黄白侧耳Pleurotus cornucopiae大米固体发酵物中分离得到4个苯酞类化合物,2个为新结构化合物:2-(ethoxymethyl)-3,5-diethoxybenzyl acetate(1)、2-(acetoxymethyl)-4,6-dimethoxybenzyl tridecanoate(2),2个为已知化合物:5,7-dimethoxyisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one(3)、4,6-dimethoxyisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one(4)。对化合物进行生物活性评价发现,化合物3、4具有抑制肿瘤细胞HeLa生长活性,IC50值分别为66.2和65.7μmol/L;化合物3和4对LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞释放NO有抑制作用,IC50值分别为17.2和67.9μmol/L。     

墨西哥落羽杉中三个活性双黄酮研究

从墨西哥落羽杉 (Taxodiummucronatum)枝叶中分离得到 3个化合物 ,通过MS、1DNMR、 2DNMR以及与参考文献比较的方法鉴定它们分别为 3个已知双黄酮 ,即 :a mentoflavone (1) ,podocarpusflavoneA (2 ) ,4′ ,7 dimethylamentoflavone (3)。本文还对文献中amentoflavone的C - 2 和C - 6 的碳谱数据归属进行了修正。体外生物活性筛选结果表明 ,这 3个双黄酮均为组织蛋白酶B的抑制剂 ,其IC50 值分别为 1 75、 1 6 8和 0 5 5 μmol/L ;这 3个双黄酮均显示一定的细胞毒活性 ,其中化合物 1对肿瘤细胞株BGC 82 3的IC50 值为 3 5 1μmol/L ,化合物 2对肿瘤细胞株HT 2 9的IC50 值为 11 16 μmol/L ,化合物 3对肿瘤细胞株A5 49、BEL 74 0 2、DU14 5、HT 2 9的IC50 值分别为 7 74、 17 16、 12 4 2、 14 5 4μmol/L。其中双黄酮为组织蛋白酶B的新型天然抑制剂     

海洋真菌Rhizopus sp.2-PDA-61化学成分的研究(英文)

从海洋真菌根霉2-PDA-61中共发现6个已知化合物,其中包括2个细胞毒活性的环五肽(1和2)和4个苯的衍生物(3~6)。通过波谱学数据分析和与已知化合物数据比较,这些化合物分别被鉴定为malformin C(1)、malformin A1(2)、2,5-二羟基苯乙酸甲酯(3)、对羟基苯乙醇(4)、对甲基苯乙醇(5)和对苯二甲醚(6)。化合物1和2对P388细胞系表现出中等强度的细胞毒活性,IC50值分别为1.8μM和4.2μM。     

球毛壳菌CIB-160次生代谢产物的分离鉴定及其免疫活性

采用硅胶柱层析、HPLC、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析等分离方法对球毛壳菌CIB-160的次生代谢产物进行纯化,得到10个化合物。通过NMR、HR-MS和旋光数据分析以及文献比对,其结构鉴定为chaetoglobosins A(1)、C(2)、E(3)、F(5)、Fex(6)、W(7),penochalasin F(4),5-(methyl-2-butenyl)-indole-2,3-dione(8)、chaetoviridin A(9)和cochliodone A(10)。8和10为首次从野生型球毛壳菌代谢物中分离得到的化合物。体外免疫活性检测显示1~6对小鼠脾细胞的增殖具有抑制作用,IC50值分别为0.21、2.8、2.3、2.2、1.7、2.7μM。同时1~6具有较强的细胞毒性,对静息小鼠脾细胞存活率IC50值分别0.82、7.5、2.3、6.1、4.6、6.7μM。     

中华剑角蝗共生真菌Penicillium oxalicum中抗肿瘤次级代谢产物研究

采用活性追踪法,从中华剑角蝗肠道共生真菌Penicillium oxalicum的发酵产物中分离得到一个具有较高抗肿瘤活性的苯并吡喃酮二聚体类化合物,经波谱数据及理化性质鉴定为secalonic acid A,为首次从该属菌种中分离得到。Secalonic acid A对多种肿瘤细胞如人肝癌细胞(HepG2)、人肺癌细胞(A549)、人宫颈癌细胞(Ca Ski)、鼻咽癌细胞(CNE2)和人乳腺癌细胞(MDA-MB-231)均有显著的生长抑制作用,IC50值分别为1.12、2.23、4.16、20.18和22.65μM,但对正常细胞如人永生化表皮细胞(HaCAT)和犬肾细胞(MDCK)的细胞毒性较小,IC50值大于100μM,具有一定的选择性。流式细胞仪检测表明,Secalonic acid A能有效诱导HepG2细胞凋亡,早期凋亡率最高达到40.6%,并能有效破坏HepG2细胞的线粒体膜电位,相对破坏率最高达到97.3%。提示该化合物可能通过线粒体途径诱导肿瘤细胞发生凋亡而发挥抗肿瘤作用。     

白皮锦鸡儿酚类化合物及其生物活性（英文）

从豆科植物白皮锦鸡儿(Caragana leucophloea Pojark.)地上部分分离到3个酚类化合物,经理化方法和波谱分析鉴定为鹅掌楸苷(1)、香草酸(2)和绿原酸(3)。化合物1和2表现出较好的抗细菌活性,半抑制浓度(IC50)为8.11~22.88μg/m L。2和3则表现出一定的抗真菌活性,对稻瘟菌孢子萌发的IC50值分别为105.04μg/m L和32.26μg/m L,对西瓜枯萎病菌生长的IC50值为108.45μg/m L和45.26μg/m L。2和3对秀丽隐杆线虫也有一定的抑制活性,当处理线虫48 h时,IC50值分别为46.57μg/m L和55.17μg/m L。此外,2具有一定的抗氧化活性,对羟基自由基清除的IC50值为67.96μg/m L;对Fe2+表现出一定的螯合能力,IC50值为93.59μg/m L。上述酚类化合物均为首次从白皮锦鸡儿中分离得到。     

牛至油体外抗肿瘤活性研究

目的观察牛至油对肿瘤细胞株的生长抑制作用。方法采用MTT法检测不同浓度的牛至油对体外培养的多种肿瘤细胞株的生长抑制作用,计算半数抑制浓度(IC50)。结果不同浓度牛至油作用后,人肝癌细胞系HepG2、人子宫颈癌细胞系JTC-26和肺癌细胞系A549出现增殖阻滞。MTT法确定牛至油对肝癌HepG2的IC50为118μg/ml;人子宫颈癌JTC-26的IC50为118μg/ml;肺癌A549的IC50为59μg/ml。结论牛至油具有体外抗肿瘤活性。     

树豆叶二苯乙烯类成分的甲醚化和体外抗肿瘤活性

为获得具有抗肿瘤活性的甲醚化先导化合物,对树豆(Cajanus cajan)叶中的二苯乙烯类成分进行甲醚化,并测定其对人肿瘤细胞的细胞毒性。将木豆素C、树豆酮酸A、Cajanotone和木豆素与碘甲烷-碳酸钾反应制备O-甲基产物,通过波谱数据分析产物结构分别鉴定为:2-异戊烯基-3,5-二甲氧基二苯乙烯(1)、树豆酮酸A甲醚(2)、5-O-methylcajanotone(3)和3-O-甲基木豆素(4),其中化合物3是新化合物。肿瘤细胞增殖抑制实验(CCK-8法)结果表明,木豆素C对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231、宫颈癌HeLa、肝癌Hep G2、结肠癌SW480及3种非小细胞肺癌细胞(A549, NCI-H460和NCI-H1299)的半数抑制浓度IC50分别为14.4、16.1、19.6、17.4和25.7～29.6μmol L~(–1);木豆素对宫颈癌和结肠癌之外的5种肿瘤细胞有弱抑制作用,IC50为44.9～78.3μmol L~(–1);而对照的3,4′,5-三甲氧基二苯乙烯(三-O-甲基白藜芦醇)对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231、宫颈癌HeLa、结肠癌SW480和肝癌Hep G2细胞有较强抑制作用(IC50为3.0～14.5μmol L~(–1))。树豆叶二苯乙烯甲醚化衍生物1～4对7种肿瘤细胞系无明显细胞毒活性。     

毛头鬼伞子实体中甾类化合物的结构鉴定及其抑制肿瘤细胞增殖活性的研究

从毛头鬼伞子实体中分离得到4个甾类化合物,通过波谱分析,分别鉴定为麦角甾醇(1)、啤酒甾醇(2)、麦角甾醇葡萄糖甙(3)和tuberoside(4)。4个化合物均为首次从毛头鬼伞中得到。通过体外细胞毒性筛选试验,结果表明化合物4有较强的抑制人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7和狗肾细胞MDCK增殖的活性,其抑制增殖的IC50值分别为10.9μg/mL(18.4μmol/L)和5.8μg/mL(9.8μmol/L)。化合物3对MCF-7和MDCK的抑制作用则较弱,当其浓度为10.0μg/mL(17.9μmol/L)时,对MCF-7和MDCK的增殖抑制率分别为12.5%和7.5%。     

青龙衣中细胞毒活性成分的研究

利用各种化学及色谱技术从青龙衣中分离得到11个化合物,通过理化性质和波谱学手段分别鉴定为2-羟基-1,4-萘醌(2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone,1)、5-羟基-1,4-萘醌(5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone,2)、2,5-二羟基-1,4-萘醌(2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone,3)、3,5-二羟基-1,4-萘醌(2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone,4)、5,8-二羟基-1,4-萘醌(2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone,5)、5-甲氧基-1,4-萘醌(5-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone,6)、5,7-二羟基色原酮(5,7-dihydroxychromone,7)、异香草酸(isovanillic acid,8)、没食子酸(gallic acid,9)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,10)和β-胡萝卜苷(β-daucosterol,11)。化合物3、4、6～8为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物1为首次从该植物中分离得到。细胞毒活性测试结果表明,化合物3和4对HepG2细胞表现出强的抑制作用,IC50值分别为5.0±0.6μmol/L和7.0±0.5μmol/L;2和5能显著抑制HL-60细胞的增殖,IC50值分别为9.3±1.2μmol/L和2.3±0.2μmol/L。     

香蕉皮抗氧化和抑制人肝癌HepG2细胞活性研究

对香蕉皮提取物（banana peel extraction,BPE）的体外抗氧化作用和抗肿瘤活性进行了研究。使用福林酚和硝酸铝法测定BPE中总多酚和总黄酮含量;通过检测DPPH和O₂^-自由基清除能力测定BPE的体外抗氧化活性;采用Alamar Blue法检测BPE对HepG2细胞活性的影响;荧光染色及流式技术检测HepG2细胞凋亡;免疫印迹技术检测凋亡蛋白的变化;Caspase活性检测试剂盒测定Caspase-3和Caspase-9的活性;Caspase-9和Caspase-3抑制剂验证BPE抗肿瘤相关的信号转导通路。结果表明,BPE中总多酚和总黄酮含量分别为39.23 ± 2.35 mg·L^-1和26.53 ± 1.97 mg·L^-1;BPE显示出一定的DPPH和O₂^-自由基清除能力（65.31%±3.82%和51.29%±4.23%）,可明显抑制HepG2细胞的增殖（IC₅₀=54.32 mL·L^-1）;BPE通过上调Caspase-3、Bax、Bid、Apaf-1、Bak、p53、Caspase-9的表达,下调Bcl-2、Bcl-xl的表达诱导HepG2细胞凋亡;Caspase-9和Caspase-3抑制剂（Z-LEHD-FMK、Ac-DEVD-CHO）在一定程度上逆转了BPE的增殖抑制活性。BPE具有一定的自由基清除能力,对HepG2细胞具有明显增殖抑制作用,这些结果为香蕉皮的进一步开发利用提供了数据支撑。     

7株野生虫草菌的鉴定及其菌丝体醇提取物对HepG2细胞的抑制活性

结合形态学与ITS序列分析对7株野生虫草真菌进行分类鉴定。MTT法分析它们的菌丝体醇提取物对肝癌HepG2细胞增殖的抑制活性。鉴定结果表明菌株MF7、MF9、MF14为细脚棒束孢Isaria tenuipes,菌株MF11、MF12、MF13为蝉棒束孢Isaria cicadae,菌株MF10为球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana;MTT结果显示分离到的3株细脚棒束孢和3株蝉棒束孢的菌丝体醇提取物对HepG2的抑制活性较差,IC₅₀均大于500μg/mL;球孢白僵菌MF10对HepG2细胞有一定抑制作用,IC₅₀值为221.6μg/mL,略强于蝙蝠蛾拟青霉发酵菌丝粉产品金水宝胶囊（IC₅₀=364μg/mL）和中华被毛孢发酵菌丝粉产品百令胶囊（IC₅₀=268.7μg/mL）。另外,发现供对比试验的3株蛹虫草菌株（MF1、MF5、MF15）对HepG2细胞均有较好的抑制作用,其中MF15的发酵菌丝体醇提取物活性最强,IC₅₀为55.56μg/mL,暗示蛹虫草发酵菌丝体具有重要的研究价值。     

Synthesis, spectral studies and in vitro assessment for antiamoebic activity of new cyclooctadiene ruthenium(II) complexes with 5-nitrothiophene-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones

We report here the synthesis, characterization and in vitro antiamoebic activity of 5-nitrothiophene-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones (TSC), 1–5, and their bidentate complexes [Ru(η⁴-C₈H₁₂)(TSC)Cl₂] 1a–5a. The biological studies of these compounds were investigated against HK-9 strain of Entamoeba histolytica and the concentration causing 50% cell growth inhibition (IC₅₀) was calculated in the micromolar range. The ligands exhibited antiamoebic activity in the range (2.05–5.29 μM). Screening results indicated that the potencies of the compounds increased by the incorporation of ruthenium(II) in the thiosemicarbazones. The complexes 1a–5a showed antiamoebic activity with an IC₅₀ of 0.61–1.43 μM and were better inhibitors of growth of E. histolytica, based on IC₅₀ values. The most promising among them is Ru(II) complex 2a having 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline as N⁴ substitution.     

Modification at the C9 position of the marine natural product isoaaptamine and the impact on HIV-1, mycobacterial, and tumor cell activity

As part of an investigation to generate optimized drug leads from marine natural pharmacophores for the treatment of neoplastic and infectious diseases, a series of novel isoaaptamine analogs were prepared by coupling acyl halides to the C9 position of isoaaptamine (2) isolated from the Aaptos sponge. This library of new semisynthetic products was evaluated for biological activity against HIV-1, Mtb, AIDS-OI, tropical parasitic diseases, and cancer. Compound 4 showed potent activity against HIV-1 (EC₅₀ 0.47 μg/mL), compound 19 proved to possess remarkable activity against Mycobacterium intracellulare with an IC₅₀ and MIC value of 0.15 and 0.31 μg/mL, while compounds 4 and 17 possessed anti-leishmanial activity with IC₅₀ values of 0.1 and 0.4 μg/mL, respectively. Compounds 16 and 17 showed antimalarial activity with EC₅₀ values of 230 and 240 ng/mL, respectively, and compound 14 exhibited an EC₅₀ of 0.05 μM against the Leukemia cell line K-562.     

Anti-proliferative lichen compounds with inhibitory activity on 12(S)-HETE production in human platelets

Several lichen compounds, i.e. lobaric acid (1), a β-orcinol depsidone from Stereocaulon alpinum L., (+)-protolichesterinic acid (2), an aliphatic -methylene-γ-lactone from Cetraria islandica Laur. (Parmeliaceae), (+)-usnic acid (3), a dibenzofuran from Cladonia arbuscula (Wallr.) Rabenh. (Cladoniaceae), parietin (4), an anthraquinone from Xanthoria elegans (Link) Th. Fr. (Calaplacaceae) and baeomycesic acid (5), a β-orcinol depside isolated from Thamnolia vermicularis (Sw.) Schaer. var. subuliformis (Ehrh.) Schaer. were tested for inhibitory activity on platelet-type 12(S)-lipoxygenase using a cell-based in vitro system in human platelets. Lobaric acid (1) and (+)-protolichesterinic acid (2) proved to be pronounced inhibitors of platelet-type 12(S)-lipoxygenase, whereas baeomycesic acid (5) showed only weak activity (inhibitory activity at a concentration of 100 μg/ml: 1 93.4±6.62%, 2 98,5±1.19%, 5 14.7±2.76%). Usnic acid (3) and parietin (4) were not active at this concentration. 1 and 2 showed a clear dose–response relationship in the range of 3.33–100 μg/ml. According to the calculated IC₅₀ values the highest inhibitory activity was observed for the depsidone 1 (IC₅₀=28.5 μM) followed by 2 (IC₅₀=77.0 μM). The activity of 1 was comparable to that of the flavone baicalein, which is known as a selective 12(S)-lipoxygenase inhibitor (IC₅₀=24.6 μM).     

北虫草体外抗氧化和PC12氧化损伤修复作用的有效部位的筛选

采用系统溶剂法对北虫草子实体进行依次提取,制备得氯仿相、乙酸乙酯相和乙醇相三部位,利用化学发光法和H2O2诱导PC12氧化损伤修复模型,对三部位进行体外抗氧化活性和PC12氧化损伤修复作用测定。结果表明,乙酸乙酯相具有较强的抗氧化活性,是清除H2O2自由基和超氧自由基活性最强的部位,IC50值分别为88.5μg/mL和190μg/mL;乙酸乙酯相对由H2O2诱导的PC12细胞氧化损伤的修复作用较强,且呈现明显的浓度依赖性。无论从抗氧化活性,还是从对H2O2氧化损伤的修复作用,乙酸乙酯相均表现出了较强的作用,乙酸乙酯相是抗氧化活性和保护PC12细胞氧化损伤的主要有效部位。     

烟曲霉GZWMJZ-152茶粕发酵代谢产物

在茶粕培养基摇床培养条件下,烟曲霉GZWMJZ-152将茶粕中的山茶苷A (1)和山茶苷B (2)代谢为山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷(3);在茶粕培养基静置发酵条件下,从发酵提取物中分离得到5个化合物,分别为山奈酚(4)、(-)Chaetominine (5)、trypacidin (6)、1,2-seco-trypacidin (7)、(-)-丁香脂素(8)。测试了8个化合物的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性和DPPH自由基清除活性,其中化合物1-3,5-8具有较好的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,IC₅₀值在133.9-308.6μg/mL;化合物1,4,8具有较好的自由基清除活性,IC₅₀值在0.43-5.06μg/mL。     

Synthesis, cytotoxic activity, and SAR analysis of the derivatives of taxchinin A and brevifoliol

Twenty-one derivatives of taxchinin A (1) and brevifoliol (2) were synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity against human non-small lung cancer (A549) cell line. Nine derivatives showed potent activity with IC₅₀ values from 0.48 to 6.22 μM. 5-Oxo-13-TBDMS-taxchinin A (11) and 5-oxo-13,15-epoxy-13-epi-taxchinin A (15) are the most potent derivatives, with IC₅₀ at 0.48 and 0.75 μM, respectively. The structure–activity relationship (SAR) of these compounds established that exocyclic unsaturated ketone at ring C is the key structural element for the activity, while the ,β-unsaturated ketone positioned at ring A has no effect for the activity. The significant cytotoxicity of derivatives 11 and 15 may be due to the conformational change in the taxane rings. The 3D-QSAR study was conducted on this series of compounds, which provided optimal predictive comparative molecular field (CoMFA) model with cross-validated r² (q²) value of 0.64.     

Inhibition of antennal esterases of the egyptian armyworm Spodoptera littoralis by trifluoromethyl ketones

A series of aliphatic and aromatic trifluoromethyl ketones has been tested as inhibitors of the antennal esterases of the Egyptian armyworm Spodoptera littoralis, by evaluation of the extent of hydrolysis of [1-³H]-(Z,E)-9, 11-tetradecadienyl acetate (1), a tritiated analog of the major component of the sex pheromone. The most active compounds with a long chain aliphatic structure were 3-octylthio-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-one (2) (IC₅₀ 0.55 μM) and 1,1,1-trifluorotetradecan-2-one (4) (IC₅₀ 1.16 μM). The aromatic compounds were generally less potent inhbitors than the coressponding aromatic ones, although β-naphthyltrifuloromethyl ketone (10) exhibited a remarkable inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ 7.9 μM). Compounds 2, 4 and 10 exhibit a competitive inhibition with K_i values of 2.51×10⁻⁵ M, 2.98×10⁻⁵ M and 2.49×10⁻⁴ M, respectively. Some of the trifluoromethyl ketones tested were slow-binding inhibitors and compounds 2 and 10 are described as inhibitors of the antennal esterases of a moth for the first time.