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1.
Identification and molecular mapping of two QTLs with major effects for resistance to Fusarium head blight in wheat 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chu C Niu Z Zhong S Chao S Friesen TL Halley S Elias EM Dong Y Faris JD Xu SS 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,123(7):1107-1119
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease of wheat worldwide. Novel sources of resistance are critical for improving
FHB resistance levels in wheat. From a large-scale evaluation of germplasm for reactions to FHB, we identified one wheat accession
(PI 277012) that consistently showed a high level of resistance in both greenhouse and field experiments. To characterize
the FHB resistance in this accession, we developed a doubled haploid (DH) mapping population consisting of 130 lines from
the cross between PI 277012 and the hard red spring wheat cultivar ‘Grandin’. The DH population was then evaluated for reactions
to FHB in three greenhouse seasons and five field environments. Based on a linkage map that consisted of 340 SSR markers spanning
2,703 cM of genetic distance, two major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for FHB resistance were identified on chromosome arms
5AS and 5AL, with each explaining up to 20 and 32% of the variation in FHB severity, respectively. The two QTLs also showed
major effects on reducing the percentage of Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK) and deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation in seeds.
FHB resistance has not previously been reported to be associated with this particular genomic region of chromosome arm 5AL,
thus indicating the novelty of FHB resistance in PI 277012. Plant maturity was not associated with FHB resistance and the
effects of plant height on FHB resistance were minor. Therefore, these results suggest that PI 277012 is an excellent source
for improving FHB resistance in wheat. The markers identified in this research are being used for marker-assisted introgression
of the QTLs into adapted durum and hard red spring wheat cultivars. 相似文献
2.
Sutton T Whitford R Baumann U Dong C Able JA Langridge P 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2003,36(4):443-456
Colinearity in gene content and order between rice and closely related grass species has emerged as a powerful tool for gene identification. Using a comparative genetics approach, we have identified the rice genomic region syntenous to the region deleted in the wheat chromosome pairing mutant ph2a, with a view to identifying genes at the Ph2 locus that control meiotic processes. Utilising markers known to reside within the region deleted in ph2a, and data from wheat, barley and rice genetic maps, markers delimiting the region deleted on wheat chromosome 3DS in the ph2a mutant were used to locate the syntenous region on the short arm of rice chromosome 1. A contig of rice genomic sequence was identified from publicly available sequence information and used in blast searches to identify wheat expressed sequence tags (ESTs) exhibiting significant similarity. Southern analysis using a subset of identified wheat ESTs confirmed a syntenous relationship between the rice and wheat genomic regions and defined precisely the extent of the deleted segment in the ph2a mutant. A 6.58-Mb rice contig generated from 60 overlapping rice chromosome 1 P1 artificial chromosome (PAC) clones spanning the syntenous rice region has enabled identification of 218 wheat ESTs putatively located in the region deleted in ph2a. What seems to be a terminal deletion on chromosome 3DS is estimated to be 80 Mb in length. Putative candidate genes that may contribute to the altered meiotic phenotype of ph2a are discussed. 相似文献
3.
H. Zhu L. Gilchrist P. Hayes A. Kleinhofs D. Kudrna Z. Liu L. Prom B. Steffenson T. Toojinda H. Vivar 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,99(7-8):1221-1232
Fusarium head blight (FHB), an important disease of barley in many areas of the world, causes losses in grain yield and quality. Deoxynivalenol
(DON) mycotoxin residues, produced by the primary pathogen Fusarium graminearum, pose potential health risks. Barley producers may not be able to profitably market FHB-infected barley, even though it has
a low DON level. Three types of FHB resistance have been described in wheat: Type I (penetration), Type II (spread), and Type
III (mycotoxin degradation). We describe putative measures of these three types of resistance in barley. In wheat, the three
resistance mechanisms show quantitative inheritance. Accordingly, to study FHB resistance in barley, we used quantitative
trait locus (QTL) mapping to determine the number, genome location, and effects of QTLs associated with Type-I and -II resistance
and the concentration of DON in the grain. We also mapped QTLs for plant height, heading date, and morphological attributes
of the inflorescence (seeds per inflorescence, inflorescence density, and lateral floret size). QTL analyses were based on
a mapping population of F1-derived doubled-haploid (DH) lines from the cross of the two-rowed genotypes Gobernadora and CMB643, a linkage map constructed
with RFLP marker loci, and field evaluations of the three types of FHB resistance performed in China, Mexico, and two environments
in North Dakota, USA. Resistance QTLs were detected in six of the seven linkage groups. Alternate favorable alleles were found
at the same loci when different inoculation techniques were used to measure Type-I resistance. The largest-effect resistance
QTL (for Type-II resistance) was mapped in the centromeric region of chromosome 2. All but two of the resistance QTLs coincided
with QTLs determining morphological attributes of the inflorescence and/or plant height. Additional experiments are needed
to determine if these coincident QTLs are due to linkage or pleiotropy and to more clearly define the biological basis of
the FHB resistance QTLs. Plant architecture should be considered in FHB resistance breeding efforts, particularly those directed
at resistance QTL introgression and/or pyramiding.
Received: 22 November 1998 / Accepted: 2 June 1999 相似文献
4.
Quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to Fusarium head blight and kernel discoloration in barley 总被引:13,自引:5,他引:8
R. C. de la Pena K. P. Smith F. Capettini G. J. Muehlbauer M. Gallo-Meagher R. Dill-Macky D. A. Somers D. C. Rasmusson 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,99(3-4):561-569
Resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB), deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation, and kernel discoloration (KD) in barley are difficult
traits to introgress into elite varieties because current screening methods are laborious and disease levels are strongly
influenced by environment. To improve breeding strategies directed toward enhancing these traits, we identified genomic regions
containing quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance to FHB, DON accumulation, and KD in a breeding population
of F4:7 lines using restriction fragment length polymorphic (RFLP) markers. We evaluated 101 F4:7 lines, derived from a cross between the cultivar Chevron and an elite breeding line, M69, for each of the traits in three
or four environments. We used 94 previously mapped RFLP markers to create a linkage map. Using composite interval mapping,
we identified 10, 11, and 4 QTLs associated with resistance to FHB, DON accumulation, and KD, respectively. Markers flanking
these QTLs should be useful for introgressing resistance to FHB, DON accumulation, and KD into elite barley cultivars.
Received: 8 November 1998 / Accepted: 8 January 1999 相似文献
5.
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a major disease in the wheat growing regions of the world. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) on the short arm of chromosome 3B controls much of the variation for resistance. The cloning of candidate disease-resistance genes for FHB QTLs on chromosome 3B can provide further elucidation of the mechanisms that control resistance. However, rearrangements and divergence during plant genome evolution often hampers the identification of sequences with similarity to known disease-resistance genes. This study focuses on the use of wheat expressed sequence tags (ESTs) that map to the region on chromosome 3B containing the QTL for FHB resistance and low-stringency BLAST searching to identify sequences with similarity to known disease-resistance genes. One EST rich with leucine repeats and low similarity to a protein kinase domain of the barley Rpg1 gene was identified. Genetic mapping using a Ning894037 x Alondra recombinant inbred (RI) population showed that this EST mapped to the QTL on the short arm of chromosome 3B and may represent a portion of a newly diverged gene contributing to FHB resistance. The EST is a new marker suitable for marker-assisted selection and provides a starting point to begin map-based cloning for chromosome walking and investigate new diverged genes at this locus. 相似文献
6.
A major QTL for resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat, Qfhs.ndsu-3BS, has been identified and verified by several research groups. The objective of this study was to increase the marker density in this QTL region using STS (sequence-tagged site) markers developed from wheat expressed sequence tags (ESTs) near Qfhs.ndsu-3BS. Because wheat chromosome 3BS and rice chromosome 1S are syntenous, the sequences of P1-derived artificial chromosome (PAC) and (or) bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones covering the sub-distal portion of rice chromosome 1S were used as queries for a BLASTn search to identify wheat ESTs most likely near Qfhs.ndsu-3BS. Sixty-eight out of 79 STS primer pairs designed from wheat ESTs amplified PCR products from the genomic DNA of Triticum aestivum 'Chinese Spring'. Twenty-eight STS markers were localized on chromosome 3BS by aneuploid analysis. Six out of the nine STS markers that could be mapped in the T. aestivum 'Sumai 3'/T. aestivum 'Stoa' population had higher R2 and LOD values for this QTL than the most significant marker reported previously. Therefore, leveraging genome sequence information available in rice for wheat genetics is an effective strategy to develop DNA markers for Qfhs.ndsu-3BS, and this strategy may have broad applications for targeted mapping of other traits in cereal crops. 相似文献
7.
Detection of Fusarium head blight resistance QTL in a wheat population using bulked segregant analysis 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Shen X Zhou M Lu W Ohm H 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2003,106(6):1041-1047
A population of 218 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed from the cross of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, 'Ning 894037' and 'Alondra'. Ning 894037 has resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) and Alondra is moderately susceptible. Response of the RILs and their parental lines to FHB infection was evaluated with point inoculation in four experiments both in greenhouse and in field conditions. Distribution of disease severity in the population is continuous, indicating quantitative inheritance of resistance to FHB. Bulked segregant analysis and QTL mapping based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers revealed three chromosome regions that are responsible for FHB resistance. A chromosome region on 3BS accounted for 42.5% of the phenotypic variation for FHB resistance. Additional QTLs were located on chromosomes 2D and 6B. These three QTLs jointly accounted for 51.6% of the phenotypic variation. SSR markers linked to the QTLs influencing resistance to FHB have potential for use in breeding programs. 相似文献
8.
Martin Löffler Chris-Carolin Schön Thomas Miedaner 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2009,23(3):473-488
Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat results in reduced yield and quality and in accumulation of mycotoxins. The objective of this
study was to identify genomic regions in wheat involved in the control of FHB resistance applying a QTL meta-analysis approach
by combining QTL of 30 mapping populations to propose independent meta-QTL (MQTL). A consensus map was created on which initial
QTL were projected. Nineteen MQTL comprising 2–13 initial QTL with widely varying confidence intervals were found on 12 chromosomes.
Some of them coincided with genomic regions previously identified (e.g. chromosomes 3BS, 6B), however, some MQTL were newly
detected by this study. Separate analysis of populations with the same resistant parent showed a rather high consistency for
the Chinese spring wheat donor ‘Sumai 3’, but little consistency for the Chinese donor ‘Wangshuibai’ and the Swiss donor ‘Arina’.
According to our results breeders can in future (1) choose parents for crossing not comprising the same resistance loci or
QTL intervals, (2) exploit new MQTL, and (3) select markers of some of these MQTL to be used in marker-assisted selection.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
9.
Changes in plant architecture have been central to the domestication of wild species. Tillering or the degree of branching
determines shoot architecture and is a key component of grain yield and/or biomass. Previously, a tiller inhibition mutant with monoculm phenotype was isolated and the mutant gene (tin3) was mapped in the distal region of chromosome arm 3AmL of Triticum monococcum. As a first step towards isolating a candidate gene for tin3, the gene was mapped in relation to physically mapped expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and sequence tag site (STS) markers
developed based on synteny with rice. In addition, we investigated the relationship of the wheat region containing tin3 with the corresponding region in rice by comparative genomic analysis. Wheat ESTs that had been previously mapped to deletion
bins provided a useful framework to identify closely related rice sequences and to establish the most likely syntenous region
in rice for the wheat tin3 region. The tin3 gene was mapped to a 324-kb region spanned by two overlapping bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) of rice chromosome
arm 1L. Wheat–rice synteny was exceptionally high at the tin3 region despite being located in the high-recombination, gene-rich region of wheat. Identification of tightly linked flanking
EST and STS markers to the tin3 gene and its localization to highly syntenic rice BACs will assist in the future development of a high-resolution map and
map-based cloning of the tin3 gene.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
10.
Jiang GL Dong Y Shi J Ward RW 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,115(8):1043-1052
Fusarium head blight (FHB or scab) caused by Fusarium species is a destructive disease in wheat, not only causing dramatic decrease of grain yield and quality, but also leading
to serious mycotoxin contamination in the infected grains. This study was conducted to identify and quantify quantitative
trait loci (QTLs) contributing to resistance to deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation as well as to grain yield loss in a population
of 152 F7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross Veery/CJ 9306. DON content in scabby grains and relative decreases
of yield components were analyzed. Two new QTLs (QFhs.nau-2DL and QFhs.nau-1AS) for resistance to DON accumulation caused by FHB in wheat were detected, and QTLs QFhs.ndsu-3BS and QFhs.nau-5AS were also validated in CJ 9306, based on a constructed genetic linkage map. On the average of three experiments, major QTLs
QFhs.ndsu-3BS and QFhs.nau-2DL explained up to 23 and 20% of phenotypic variation, respectively. QFhs.nau-1AS and QFhs.nau-5AS separately explained 4–6% of phenotypic variation. The differences among years/experiments were significant for all the four
QTLs. However, the QTL × environment interaction was significant only for QFhs.nau-2DL, but not for the others. The results suggest that simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers Xgwm533b associated with QFhs.ndsu-3BS, and Xgwm539 associated with QFhs.nau-2DL could be used in marker-assisted selection to enhance resistance to DON accumulation. QFhs.ndsu-3BS + QFhs.nau-2DL and QFhs.nau-2DL + QFhs.nau-5AS would be the optimum choices for two-locus combinations. QFhs.ndsu-3BS was also validated in CJ 9306 for resistance to grain yield loss, explaining 8–15% of phenotypic variation. No QTLs for resistance
to DON accumulation or grain yield loss independent of Type II resistance were found. By comparison, however, either of QFhs.nau-2DL or QFhs.nau-5AS alone and their combination were more contributive to resistance to DON accumulation than to Type II resistance. 相似文献
11.
Dahleen LS Agrama HA Horsley RD Steffenson BJ Schwarz PB Mesfin A Franckowiak JD 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2003,108(1):95-104
Fusarium head blight (FHB) in barley and wheat, caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a continual problem worldwide. Primarily, FHB reduces yield and quality, and results in the production of the toxin deoxynivalenol (DON), which can affect food safety. Identification of QTLs for FHB severity, DON level and related traits heading-date (HD) and plant-height (HT) with consistent effects across a set of environments, would provide the basis for marker-assisted selection (MAS) and potentially increase the efficiency of selection for resistance. A segregating population of 75 double-haploid lines, developed from the three-way cross Zhedar 2/ND9712//Foster, was used for genome mapping and FHB severity evaluation. A linkage map of 214 RFLP, SSR and AFLP markers was constructed. Phenotypic data were collected in replicated field trials from five environments in two growing seasons. The data were analyzed using MQTL software to detect quantitative trait locus (QTL) × environment (E) interactions. Because of the presence of QTL × E, the MQM procedure in MAPQTL was applied to identify QTLs in single environments. We identified nine QTLs for FHB severity and five for low DON. Many of the disease-related QTLs identified were coincident with FHB QTLs identified in previous studies. Only two of the QTLs identified in this study were consistent across all five environments, and both were Zhedar 2 specific. Five of the FHB QTLs were associated with HD, and two were associated with HT. Regions that appear to be promising candidates for MAS and further genetic analysis include the two FHB QTLs on chromosome 2H and one on 6H, which were also associated with low DON and later heading-date in multiple environments. This study provides a starting point for manipulating Zhedar 2-derived resistance by MAS in barley to develop cultivars that will show effective resistance under disease pressure.Communicated by H.F. Linskens 相似文献
12.
Pestsova E Röder M 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2002,106(1):84-91
Fusarium head blight (FHB, scab) is a fungal disease of wheat and other small cereals that is found in both temperate and
semi-tropical regions. FHB causes severe yield and quality losses, but the most-serious concern is the possible mycotoxin
contamination of cereal food and feed. Breeding for FHB resistance by conventional selection is feasible, but tedious and
expensive. This study was conducted to identify and map DNA markers associated with FHB resistance genes in wheat. A population
of 364 F1-derived doubled-haploid (DH) lines from the cross ’CM-82036’ (resistant)/’Remus’ (susceptible) was evaluated for Type II
resistance (spread within the spike) during 2 years under field conditions. Marker analysis was performed on 239 randomly
chosen DH lines. Different marker types were applied, with an emphasis on AFLP and SSR markers. Analysis of variance, as well
as simple and composite interval mapping, were applied. Three genomic regions were found significantly associated with FHB
resistance. The most-prominent effect was detected on the short arm of chromosome 3B, explaining up to 60% of the phenotypic
variance for Type II FHB resistance. A further QTL was located on chromosome 5A and a third one on 1B. The QTL regions on
3B and 5A were tagged with flanking SSR markers, the 1B QTL was found associated with the high-molecular-weight glutenin locus.
These results indicate that FHB resistance is under control of a few major QTLs operating together with unknown numbers of
minor genes. Marker-assisted selection for these major QTLs involved in FHB resistance appears feasible and should accelerate
the development of resistant and agronomically improved wheat cultivars.
Received: 25 January 2001 / Accepted: 18 February 2001 相似文献
13.
Jennifer Häberle Josef Holzapfel Günther Schweizer Lorenz Hartl 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,119(2):325-332
We report on the verification of a resistance quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 1BL (now designated Qfhs.lfl-1BL) which had been previously identified in the winter wheat cultivar Cansas. For a more precise estimation of the QTL effect
and its influence on plant height and heading date lines with a more homogeneous genetic background were created and evaluated
in four environments after spray inoculation with Fusarium culmorum. Qfhs.lfl-1BL reduced FHB severity by 42% relative to lines without the resistance allele. This QTL did not influence plant height, but
significantly delayed heading date by one day. All of the most resistant genotypes of the verification population carried
this major QTL displaying its importance for disease resistance. This resistance QTL has not only been found in the cultivar
Cansas, but also in the three European winter wheat cultivars Biscay, History and Pirat. A subsequent meta-analysis confirmed
the presence of a single QTL on the long arm of chromosome 1B originating from the four mentioned cultivars. Altogether, the
results of the present study indicate that Qfhs.lfl-1BL is an important component of FHB resistance in European winter wheat and support the view that this QTL would be effective
and valuable in backcross breeding programmes.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
14.
Molecular cytogenetic characterization of alien introgressions with gene Fhb3 for resistance to Fusarium head blight disease of wheat 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Qi LL Pumphrey MO Friebe B Chen PD Gill BS 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2008,117(7):1155-1166
Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance was identified in the alien species Leymus racemosus, and wheat-Leymus introgression lines with FHB resistance were reported previously. Detailed molecular cytogenetic analysis of alien introgressions
T01, T09, and T14 and the mapping of Fhb3, a new gene for FHB resistance, are reported here. The introgression line T09 had an unknown wheat-Leymus translocation chromosome. A total of 36 RFLP markers selected from the seven homoeologous groups of wheat were used to characterize
T09 and determine the homoeologous relationship of the introgressed Leymus chromosome with wheat. Only short arm markers for group 7 detected Leymus-specific fragments in T09, whereas 7AS-specific RFLP fragments were missing. C-banding and genomic in situ hybridization
results indicated that T09 has a compensating Robertsonian translocation T7AL·7Lr#1S involving the long arm of wheat chromosome
7A and the short arm of Leymus chromosome 7Lr#1 substituting for chromosome arm 7AS of wheat. Introgression lines T01 (2n = 44) and T14 (2n = 44) each had two pairs of independent translocation chromosomes. T01 had T4BS·4BL-7Lr#1S + T4BL-7Lr#1S·5Lr#1S. T14 had
T6BS·6BL-7Lr#1S + T6BL·5Lr#1S. These translocations were recovered in the progeny of the irradiated line Lr#1 (T5Lr#1S·7Lr#1S).
The three translocation lines, T01, T09, and T14, and the disomic addition 7Lr#1 were consistently resistant to FHB in greenhouse
point-inoculation experiments, whereas the disomic addition 5Lr#1 was susceptible. The data indicated that at least one novel
FHB resistance gene from Leymus, designated Fhb3, resides in the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 7Lr#1, because the resistant translocation lines share a common
distal segment of 7Lr#1S. Three PCR-based markers, BE586744-STS, BE404728-STS, and BE586111-STS, specific for 7Lr#1S were
developed to expedite marker-assisted selection in breeding programs. 相似文献
15.
Molecular mapping of novel genes controlling Fusarium head blight resistance and deoxynivalenol accumulation in spring wheat. 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
Fusarium head blight of wheat is an extremely damaging disease, causing severe losses in seed yield and quality. The objective of the current study was to examine and characterize alternate sources of resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB). Ninety-one F1-derived doubled haploid lines from the cross Triticum aestivum 'Wuhan-1' x Triticum aestivum 'Maringa' were examined for disease reaction to Fusarium graminearum by single-floret injection in replicated greenhouse trials and by spray inoculation in replicated field trials. Field and greenhouse experiments were also used to collect agronomic and spike morphology characteristics. Seed samples from field plots were used for deoxynivalenol (DON) determination. A total of 328 polymorphic microsatellite loci were used to construct a genetic linkage map in this population and together these data were used to identify QTL controlling FHB resistance, accumulation of DON, and agronomic and spike morphology traits. The analysis identified QTL for different types of FHB resistance in four intervals on chromosomes 2DL, 3BS, and 4B. The QTLs on 4B and 3BS proximal to the centromere are novel and not reported elsewhere. QTL controlling accumulation of DON independent of FHB resistance were located on chromosomes 2DS and 5AS. Lines carrying FHB resistance alleles on 2DL and 3BS showed a 32% decrease in disease spread after single-floret injection. Lines carrying FHB resistance alleles on 3BS and 4B showed a 27% decrease from the mean in field infection. Finally, lines carrying favourable alleles on 3BS and 5AS, showed a 17% reduction in DON accumulation. The results support a polygenic and quantitative mode of inheritance and report novel FHB resistance loci. The data also suggest that resistance to FHB infection and DON accumulation may be controlled, in part, by independent loci and (or) genes. 相似文献
16.
Mapping of quantitative trait loci for field resistance to Fusarium head blight in an European winter wheat 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
Gervais L Dedryver F Morlais JY Bodusseau V Negre S Bilous M Groos C Trottet M 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2003,106(6):961-970
Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium culmorum is an economically important disease of wheat that may cause serious yield and quality losses under favorable climate conditions. The development of disease-resistant cultivars is the most effective control strategy. Worldwide, there is heavy reliance on the resistance pool originating from Asian wheats, but excellent field resistance has also been observed among European winter wheats. The objective of this study was to map and characterize quantitative traits loci (QTL) of resistance to FHB among European winter wheats. A population of 194 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was genotyped from a cross between two winter wheats Renan (resistant)/Récital (susceptible) with microsatellites, AFLP and RFLP markers. RILs were assessed under field conditions For 3 years in one location. Nine QTLs were detected, and together they explained 30-45% of the variance, depending on the year. Three of the QTLs were stable over the 3 years. One stable QTL, QFhs.inra.2b, was mapped to chromosome 2B and two QTLs QFhs.inra.5a2 and QFhs.inra5a3, to chromosome 5A; each of these QTLs explained 6.9-18.6% of the variance. Other QTLs were identified on chromosome 2A, 3A, 3B, 5D, and 6D, but these had a smaller effect on FHB resistance. One of the two QTLs on chromosome 5A was linked to gene B1 controlling the presence of awns. Overlapping QTLs for FHB resistance were those for plant height or/and flowering time. Our results confirm that wheat chromosomes 2A, 3A, 3B, and 5A carry FHB resistance genes, and new resistance factors were identified on chromosome arms 2BS and 5AL. Markers flanking these QTLs should be useful tools for combining the resistance to FHB of Asian and European wheats to increase the resistance level of cultivars. 相似文献
17.
Identification of QTLs for resistance to Fusarium head blight, DON accumulation and associated traits in the winter wheat variety Arina 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Draeger R Gosman N Steed A Chandler E Thomsett M Srinivasachary Schondelmaier J Buerstmayr H Lemmens M Schmolke M Mesterhazy A Nicholson P 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,115(5):617-625
Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat has become a serious threat to wheat crops in numerous countries. In addition to loss
of yield and quality, this disease is of primary importance because of the contamination of grain with mycotoxins such as
deoxynivalenol (DON). The Swiss winter cultivar Arina possesses significant resistance to FHB. The objective of this study
was to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to FHB, DON accumulation and associated traits in grain in a double
haploid (DH) population from a cross between Arina and the FHB susceptible UK variety Riband. FHB resistance was assessed
in five trials across different years and locations. Ten QTL for resistance to FHB or associated traits were detected across
the trials, with QTL derived from both parents. Very few of the QTL detected in this study were coincident with those reported
by authors of two other studies of FHB resistance in Arina. It is concluded that the FHB resistance of Arina, like that of
the other European winter wheat varieties studied to date, is conferred by several genes of moderate effect making it difficult
to exploit in marker-assisted selection breeding programmes. The most significant and stable QTL for FHB resistance was on
chromosome 4D and co-localised with the Rht–D1 locus for height. This association appears to be due to linkage of deleterious genes to the Rht-D1b (Rht2) semi-dwarfing allele rather than differences in height per se. This association may compromise efforts to enhance FHB resistance
in breeding programmes using germplasm containing this allele. 相似文献
18.
Armstead IP Turner LB Marshall AH Humphreys MO King IP Thorogood D 《The New phytologist》2008,178(3):559-571
Mutational load and resource allocation factors and their effects on limiting seed set were investigated in ryegrass by comparative mapping genomics and quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis in two perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) mapping families sharing common genetic markers. Quantitative trait loci for seed-set were identified on chromosome (LG) 7 in both families and on LG4 of the F2/WSC family. On LG7, seed-set and heading date QTLs colocalized in both families and cannot be unequivocally resolved. Comparative genomics suggests that the LG7 region is syntenous to a region of rice LG6 which contains both fertility (S5(n)) and heading date (Hd1, Hd3a) candidate genes. The LG4 region is syntenous to a region of rice LG3 which contains a fertility (S33) candidate gene. QTL maxima for seed-set and heading date on LG4 in the F2/WSC family are separated by c. 8 cm, indicating distinct genetic control. Low seed set is under the control of recessive genes at both LG4 and LG7 locations. The identification of QTLs associated with seed set, a major component of seed yield in perennial ryegrass, indicates that mutational load associated with these genomic regions can be mitigated through marker-assisted selection. 相似文献
19.
Zhang G Mergoum M 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,115(6):757-766
Kernel shattering (KS) can cause severe grain yield loss in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The introduction of genotypes with Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance has elevated the KS importance. ‘Sumai3,’ the
most commonly used FHB-resistant germplasm worldwide, is reported to be KS susceptible. The objectives of this study were
to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for KS and to determine the relationship between KS and FHB. A recombinant inbred
line population derived from a cross between Sumai3 and ‘Stoa’ was evaluated for KS in five environments and FHB in two field
trials, separately. Four genomic regions on chromosomes 2B, 3B, and 7A were associated with KS. Of them, two major KS QTLs
were detected consistently over three environments and each located proximal to the centromere on chromosomes 3B and 7A. The
resistant alleles at these two QTLs together can reduce KS by 66.1% relative to the reciprocal alleles and by 41.1% compared
to the population mean. The field FHB data revealed four QTLs on chromosomes 2B, 3B, and 7A. Three of these FHB QTLs coincided
with and/or linked to the KS QTLs with opposite allele effects in the corresponding genomic regions, which may explain the
negative correlation (r = −0.29 and P < 0.01) between the KS and FHB infection found in this study. The results in this study indicate that KS and FHB in Sumai3
are, in part, inherited dependently. However, the correlation between KS and FHB is not strong, and the major FHB resistance
QTL on chromosome arm 3BS was not linked to any KS QTL. Our results showed that pyramiding of the two major KS-resistant alleles
and the unlinked major FHB-resistant allele could produce lines with both low values of KS and FHB infection. 相似文献
20.
Kazuhiro Sato Kiyosumi Hori Kazuyoshi Takeda 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2008,22(4):517-526
Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance was evaluated in five recombinant inbred (RI) populations. The RI populations consisted
of top-cross progeny derived from a diallel set of crosses. Each of five two-row barley lines differing in response to FHB
were crossed with ‘Harbin 2-row’. FHB severity was scored on an 11-point scale, where resistant = 0 and susceptible = 10,
based on the ‘cut-spike test’. Disease data were obtained for each population for 2 or 3 years. Linkage maps comprised of
expressed sequence tag (EST) markers were developed for each population and used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) detection.
Thirty two QTLs were detected using all data sets (individual populations and years). Thirteen QTLs were detected using averages
across years; 10 of these were consistent across the individual year and average data sets. These QTLs clustered at 14 regions,
with clusters on all chromosomes. At 11 of these clusters, Harbin 2-row contributed FHB resistance alleles. No QTLs were detected
near the row type (vrs1) locus in any of the five RI populations, suggesting that the FHB resistance QTL in this region reported in two-row × six-row
crosses may be pleiotropic effect of vrs1. QTL were coincident with the flowering type locus (cly1/Cly2) on chromosome 2H in every population. Some QTL × QTL interactions were significant, but these were smaller than QTL main
effects. Considering the pleiotropic effect of spike morphology on FHB resistance, future FHB resistance mapping efforts in
barley should focus on cross combinations in which alleles at vrs1 are not segregating.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献