中国石蕊属地衣的地理学分析

将中国９２种石蕊属地衣划分为８个地理成分：广面成分１９种,占总种数的２１％,环北极成分３２种（３５％）,泛热带成分８种（９％）,欧亚成分５种（５％）,东亚－北美成分７种（８％）,东亚成分１３种（１４％）,中国喜马拉雅成分１种（１％）,中国特有成分７种（７％）。对中国石蕊属地衣所属的主要地理成分的形成２进行了初步讨论,提出东亚特有种云南石蕊（Ｃｌａｄｏｎｉａ ｙｕｎｎａｎａ）和北美特有种拟胀石蕊（Ｃ     

中国腹枝衣属地衣的多样性与区系研究

为探讨中国腹枝衣属地衣的物种多样性,进一步明确其分布特征与种类组成,该研究通过野外调查及采集地衣标本,结合形态、解剖、化学等方法,对128份采自中国热带及亚热带地区多个省份的腹枝衣属(Herpothallon)地衣标本进行了分类鉴定,共鉴定出腹枝衣属地衣12种,其中南方腹枝衣 [H. australasicum (Elix)Elix & G. Thor]、颗粒腹枝衣(H. granulosum Jagadeesh Ram & G. P. Sinha)、喜马拉雅腹枝衣(H. himalayanum Jagadeesh & G. P. Sinha)、裂芽腹枝衣(H. isidiatum Jagadeesh Ram & G. P. Sinha)和小腹枝衣(H. minutum Jagadeesh)为中国新记录种。并且对该属所有已知(已报道和本次鉴定)种类进行综合分析。结果表明:(1)中国已知腹枝衣属地衣14种,占世界已报道种类的29.17%。(2)地理成分有5种类型,即泛热带分布、热带亚洲至热带澳大利亚分布、热带亚洲和热带美洲间断分布、热带亚洲分布和中国特有分布。(3)中国腹枝衣属地衣主要分布在海拔300～2 500 m的范围内。(4)生长基物多为树皮,叶生、石生和藓生的物种较少。该研究结果表明,中国南方腹枝衣属地衣的物种多样性较高,这对明确中国该属地衣物种组成以及地衣多样性保护具有重要意义。     

中国石蕊属地衣的地理学分析

将中国92种石蕊属地衣划分为8个地理成分：广布成分19种,占总种数的21％,环北极成分32种（35％）,泛热带成分8种（9％）,欧亚成分5种（5％）,东亚-北美成分7种（8％）,东亚成分13种（14％）,中国喜马拉雅成分1种（1％）,中国特有成分7种（7％）。对中国石蕊属地衣所属的主要地理成分的形成进行了初步讨论,提出东亚特有种云南石蕊（Cladoniayunnana）和北美特有种拟胀石蕊（C.transcendens）为一对地理替代种;比蒙氏石蕊（C．Beaumontii）,圆筒石蕊（C.cylindrica）,丛杯石蕊（C.mateocyatha）和大翅石蕊（C.macroptera）等4种为东亚-北美间断分布种。指出中国喜马拉雅成分戴氏石蕊（C.delavayi）及欧亚成分中的细枝石蕊（C.corymbescens）在中国分布的北界是秦岭山脉。     

新疆鳞网衣属地衣的初步研究

采用形态解剖、化学等传统分类方法,对新疆天山的鳞网衣属地衣进行了初步研究,发现该属的3个种,其中脑状鳞网衣（Psora cerebriformis W. A. Weber）和小红褐色鳞网衣［Psora luridella (Tuck.) Fink］是中国新记录种。文中对鳞网衣属3个种进行了详细的描述,并提供了相关彩色图片。     

中国疱衣属地衣的初步研究

报道了中国疱衣科疱衣属一新记录种：类喜马拉雅疱衣(Phlyctis subhimalayensis S. Joshi&Upreti),提供了该种的形态特征描述和DNA数据支撑。还对中国已知的疱衣属物种进行了简要描述。同时讨论了近似种,编制了分种检索表,为疱衣属的进一步研究提供了基础资料。     

中国绒衣属地衣的初步研究

绒衣属(Coenogonium)地衣属于真菌界(Fungi)子囊菌门(Ascomycota)茶渍纲(Lecanoromycetes)厚顶盘亚纲(Ostropomycetidae)厚顶盘目(Ostropales)绒衣科(Coenogoniaceae),主要分布于热带和亚热带地区。综述了绒衣属地衣研究简史和中国研究概况;报道了中国该属10种地衣,其中1种为中国新记录种:疏羽绒衣(Coenogonium disjunctum)。对各种进行了描述和讨论,并给出了中国绒衣属的检索表和新记录种的图片。这是首次对中国绒衣属地衣的系统研究,为地衣型真菌分类学研究提供了基础资料。     

茶渍属地衣的一个中国新记录种

INTRODUCTION The lichen genus Lecanora is characterized by asci of the Lecanora-type, colorless ascospores, and crustose thalli;     

中国棒瑚菌属地衣的研究

<正>1 INTRODUCTION The genus Multiclavula R.H. Petersen is a member of the family Clavariaceae belonging to Agaricales in Basidiomycota. The Multiclavula was erected by Petersen (1967), who segregated it from Lentaria based on unbranched basidiomata of small size usually lichenized with algae.     

中国横断山地区蓝藻型肺衣属地衣的三个新种

在形态和化学研究的基础上,结合分子生物学研究方法（ITS片段）,对中国横断山地区的830号与蓝细菌共生的肺衣属标本进行了分类学研究,共发现3个新种;其中,横断山肺衣L. hengduanensis的主要特征是具粉芽化裂芽,无脊肺衣L. irrugulosa的网脊不明显,以及宽叶肺衣L. latilobulata的裂片顶端宽且钝圆;3个种在ITS系统发育树上分别形成独立小枝。文中提供了中国肺衣属中与蓝细菌共生的物种检索表。     

中国橙衣属和果衣属地衣的新记录种

通过对采自云南省景东彝族自治县无量山地衣标本的研究,发现了橙衣属的一个中国新记录Caloplaca indica(三室类型孢子)和果衣属的一个中国新记录种Ramboldia haematites。R. haematites在福建和广西同样存在。该文详细描述了其形态学、解剖学和化学方面的特征,并且提供了显微结构照片。本研究丰富了云南、福建和广西地衣的物种多样性,为橙衣属和果衣属地衣分类学研究提供基础数据和可靠资料。所用标本存放在山东师范大学植物标本室(SDNU)。     

中国柱衣属小志

对中国柱衣属Pilophorus进行了系统的分类学研究。通过标本采集发现了6个种,包含过去报道的4个种：P. acicularis,P. cereolus,P. clavatus和P. curtulus,以及两个作者近期发表的种：P. fruticosus和P. yunnanensis。对这6个种进行了形态学,解剖学以及化学特征的描述,并且提供了中国柱衣属的检索表和形态特征。     

中国绿杯菌属研究(英文)

对采自中国12个省的绿杯菌属Chlorociboria标本进行了分类研究,鉴定出3个种,分别为小孢绿杯菌C.aeruginascens、绿杯菌C.aeruginosa和波托绿杯菌C.poutoensis。其中波托绿杯菌为中国新记录种,对该种的形态学特征进行了描述和图示,并对其分类地位提供了DNA序列分析的佐证。     

中国鸡皮衣属地衣二新记录种

从形态学、解剖学、化学及地理学角度对藏于中国科学院微生物所菌物标本馆 (HMAS L)和南京师范大学生命科学学院标本室 (NNU)的鸡皮衣属地衣标本进一步鉴定 ,发现两中国新记录种     

中国鸡皮衣目地衣的研究

鸡皮衣目主要特征是子囊果为半被果型,子囊壁厚且淀粉质,侧丝通常分枝,孢子大型,光合共生物为绿藻。收录了中国鸡皮衣目69种9变种4变型,共82个分类单位,隶属于3科4属。     

中国横断山的地衣研究 (6)

通过对灰梅属(Canoparmelia)表型与基因型相结合的研究,澄清了云南南部报道的珊瑚大叶梅(Parmotrema conformatum)是裂芽灰梅(Cecaperata)的错误鉴定。由于珊瑚大叶梅和裂芽灰梅在经典分类鉴别上容易混淆,通过rDNA ITS序列的系统发育分析,证明了裂芽灰梅与粉芽灰梅(Ctexana)及同心灰梅(Cconcrescens)有较近的亲缘关系;首次记录了粉芽灰梅在云南的分布范围;文中对两个新记录种进行了详细描述和讨论,并给出了中国已知灰梅属的检索表。     

秦岭树花属地衣研究

从形态、解剖、化学等方面对采自陕西秦岭的树花属地衣进行了研究,共报道该属地衣8种。其中,美国树花R.americana和粗糙树花R.aspera为中国新记录种。从形态、解剖和化学方面对两个新记录种作了详细的描述,并提供了外部形态照片。     

Contributions to the Lichen Flora of the Hengduan Mountains,China (6): Revisional Study of the Genus Canoparmelia (Lichenized Ascomycota,Parmeliacaea)

A revision of Canoparmelia from the Hengduan Mountains (Yunnan, China) revealed the occurrence of Cecaperata, based on specimens previously identified as Parmotrema conformatum. Cecaperata is hereby reported as new to the flora of China. The study also led to the identification of Ctexana as a component of the flora of Yunnan. In order to make sure the systematic position of these species, a phylogenetic analysis of rDNA ITS sequence was also carried out in this paper, indicating that Cecaperata is closely related to Ctexana and Cconcrescens. Detailed information and discussion of these two new records are provided, together with a key to all the known taxa of Canoparmelia recorded from China. Following our revision, Parmotrema conformatum should be excluded from the flora of China.     

Thermoluminescence studies on the function of Photosystem II in the desiccation tolerant lichen Cladonia convoluta

The effect of desiccation and rehydration on the function of Photosystem II has been studied in the desiccation tolerant lichen Cladonia convoluta by thermoluminescence. We have shown that in functional fully hydrated thalli thermoluminescence signals can be observed from the recombination of the S₂₍₃₎Q_B ^– (B band), S₂Q_A ^– (Q band), Tyr-D⁺Q_A ^– (C band) and Tyr-Z⁺(His⁺)Q_A ^– (A band) charge stabilization states. These thermoluminescence signals are completely absent in desiccated thalli, but rapidly reappear on rehydration. Flash-induced oscillation in the amplitude of the thermoluminescence band from the S₂₍₃₎Q_B ^– recombination shows the usual pattern with maxima after 2 and 6 flashes when rehydration takes place in light. However, after rehydration in complete darkness, there is no thermoluminescence emission after the 1 st flash, and the maxima of the subsequent oscillation are shifted to the 3rd and 7th flashes. It is concluded that desiccation of Cladonia convoluta converts PS II into a nonfunctional state. This state is characterized by the lack of stable charge separation and recombination, as well as by a one-electron reduction of the water-oxidizing complex. Restoration of PS II function during rehydration can proceed both in the light and in darkness. After rehydration in the dark, the first charge separation act is utilized in restoring the usual oxidation state of the water-oxidizing comples.Abbreviations Chl chlorophyll - DCMU 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea - DT desiccation tolerant - PS II Photosystem II - TL thermoluminescence - P₆₈₀ reaction center Chl of PS II - Q_A and Q_B puinone electron acceptors of PS II - S₀,...,S₄ the redox states of the water-oxidizing complex - Tyr-Z and Tyr-D redox-active tyrosine electron donors of PS II     

Can Rapoport's rule explain tree species richness along the Himalayan elevation gradient,Nepal?

Rapoport's rule applied to an elevation gradient predicts a positive correlation between elevation ranges and elevation. This is supposed to be caused by the increasing magnitude of the climatic extremes at higher elevations, and thus, it is deduced that species richness should decrease with increasing elevation. The distribution of 614 tree species was used to test Rapoport's elevational rule along a gradient from 100 to 4300 m a.s.l., in the Nepalese Himalaya. The relationship between species richness and elevation was analysed by using generalized linear models (GLM). Generalized additive models (GAM) were used to examine the relationship between elevational range and the elevational mid-point of a species along the gradient. The widest elevation ranges are observed at mid-elevations, and narrow elevation ranges are observed at both ends of the gradient. This does not support Rapoport's elevation rule, as proposed by Stevens. There is a peak in species richness between 900 and 1000 m, and not in the tropical lowland as projected by Rapoport's elevation rule.