干扰素(α-2b)治疗慢性乙型肝炎的肝病理及血清学研究

观察干扰素α－２ｂ（安达芬）治疗１８周后的慢性乙型肝炎患者肝组织学及血清ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ等变化。采用肝组织损伤程度ｋｎｏｄｅｌｌ计分法、免疫组织化学及血清ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ定量检测对２２例病人治疗前后进行比较。治疗结束时有５５％（１２／２２）病人肝组织学活动指数得以改善（肝组织学活动指数减少≥２分）,其中１６例肝组织炎症活动度（Ｇ）≥３者治疗前后肝组织学活动指数有明显降低（Ｐ〈０．０５）,而Ｇ≤２的６例     

干扰素a-2b的聚乙二醇修饰

采用分子量为20 kD的单甲氧基聚乙二醇丙醛(mPEG-ALD)修饰重组人干扰素a-2b(IFN a-2b), 建立了修饰反应及分离纯化工艺。考察了修饰反应各因素对单修饰转化率以及单修饰产物体外活性的影响, 获得了优化的修饰反应条件, 即在pH 6.5, 20 mmol/L的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲溶液中, 干扰素a-2b的浓度为4 mg/mL, PEG与IFN a-2b的摩尔比为8:1, 4oC时反应20 h; 在优化的反应条件下, 单修饰PEG-IFN a-2b的转化率达到55%。并且, 采用离子交换层析对修饰产物进行分离纯化, 单修饰产品纯度达到97%, 体外活性保留达到未修饰干扰素a-2b的13.4%, 其在SD大鼠体内的循环半衰期得到了较大的延长, 且具有较好的水溶液稳定性。     

人干扰素α-2b生产工艺的研究

人干扰素α-2b的简易、高效生产工艺研究,包括高效率、小型化的发酵技术．不用单克隆抗体亲和层析的纯化工序．以及大肠杆菌表达的人干扰索α-2b包涵体蛋白的天然构型复性等问题．从10L基因工程大肠杆菌发酵液所得l000g菌体中得人干扰素α-2b约500mg,效价为l×10³u／mg,设备投资少,生产成本低,产品表现了高纯度、高效价。适宜大量生产,为广大人民群众提供廉价高质量药品创造了条件。     

人干扰素α—2b生产工艺的研究

人干扰素α-2b的简易、高效生产工艺研究,包括高效率、小型化的发酵技术,不用单克隆抗体亲和层析的纯化工序,以及大肠杆菌表达的人干扰素α-2b包涵体蛋白的天然构型复性等问题,从10L基因工程大肠杆菌发酵液所得1000g菌体中得人干扰素α-2b约500mg,效价为1×10~8u/mg,设备投资少,生产成本低,产品表现了高纯度、高效价。适宜大量生产,为广大人民群众提供廉价高质量药品创造了条件。     

干扰素α-2b的聚乙二醇修饰

采用分子量为20 kD的单甲氧基聚乙二醇丙醛(mPEG-ALD)修饰重组人干扰素α-2b(IFN α-2b),建立了修饰反应及分离纯化工艺.考察了修饰反应各因素对单修饰转化率以及单修饰产物体外活性的影响,获得了优化的修饰反应条件,即在pH 6.5,20 mmol/L的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲溶液中,干扰素α-2b的浓度为4 mg/mE,PEG与IFN α-2b的摩尔比为8:1,4℃时反应20 h;在优化的反应条件下,单修饰PEG-IFN α-2b的转化率达到55%.并且,采用离子交换层析对修饰产物进行分离纯化,单修饰产品纯度达到97%,体外活性保留达到未修饰干扰素α-2b的13.4%,其在SD大鼠体内的循环半袁期得到了较大的延长,且具有较好的水溶液稳定性.     

重组人干扰素α2b的提取和纯化

为了提高重组人干扰素α2b的质量 ,增加产量 ,降低成本 ,通过破菌 ,包涵体提取 ,离子交换层析 ,凝胶过滤等纯化方法制备干扰素纯品。结果表明干扰素纯度可达 95%以上 ,比活达到 1.2× 10 8IU/mg以上。结果提示 ,采用本方法收率高 ,纯度好 ,工艺稳定 ,适合大规模生产     

重组人a2b型干扰素的纯化与鉴定

采用单克隆抗体亲和层析一步纯化法对大肠杆菌表达的重组人ａ２ｂ型干扰素进行了纯化,然后利用凝胶过滤高压液相层析、ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和Ｎ端２５个氨基酸的序列测定等方法对纯化产品进行了鉴定。表明一步纯化的ＩＦＮ－ａ２ｂ达到９５％以上的统一计划,其比活性为２．５４×１０×８ｕ／ｍｇ．但重组ＩＦＮ－ａ２ｂ产品Ｎ端不均一,含有约３０％的去Ｍｅｔ分子和约７０％的带Ｍｅｔ分子。从蛋白质序列的水平上证实,本     

伊米果蝇种组（Drosophila immigrans species group）H2a-H2b和Cyt b分子系统发育关系（简报）

伊米果蝇种组(Drosophila immigrans speciesgroup)是果蝇科(Drosophilidae)、果蝇属(Drosophi-la)、果蝇亚属(Drosophila)中数量最多的一个类群,主要分布于东洋区。在分类学上该种组分为nasuta、immigrans、hypocausta、quadrilineata和curviceps五个种亚组(species subgroup)[1],东洋区果蝇区系中伊米果蝇种组中包括94个种,其中有45个种分布在中国[2]。而且curviceps种亚组是1992年新建立的中国特有果蝇类群[3]。迄今,对伊米果蝇种组分子系统关系的报道还很少,有些物种的归属仍存在争议。伊米果蝇种组还有些问题需要探讨[4]。组蛋白基因…     

疏水相互作用层析分离重组人干扰素α2b

目的采用疏水相互作用层析分离重组人干扰素α2b,去除干扰素样品中的二聚体,得到高纯度的干扰素用于进一步的研究。方法首先采用阳离子交换层析纯化复性重组人干扰素α2b,去除了大部分的杂蛋白,然后采用疏水相互作用层析纯化重组人干扰素α2b,去除复性过程中产生的错误折叠体和二聚体,并考察盐浓度、pH值、流速和洗脱液中尿素对疏水相互作用层析纯化效果的影响。结果硫酸铵初始浓度1.2 mol/L、缓冲液pH值6.0、流速2.5 mL/min、洗脱液中添加尿素浓度为2 mol/L时疏水相互作用层析纯化效果最佳。最终得到的重组人干扰素α2b非还原型SDS-PAGE电泳均呈单一条带。结论确定了疏水层析纯化重组人干扰素α2b的最优条件,成功提取到具有高活性、高纯度的重组人干扰素α2b纯品。     

Structural classification of αββ and ββα supersecondary structure units in proteins

We present a fully automatic structural classification of supersecondary structure units, consisting of two hydrogen-bonded β strands, preceded or followed by an α helix. The classification is performed on the spatial arrangement of the secondary structure elements, irrespective of the length and conformation of the intervening loops. The similarity of the arrangements is estimated by a structure alignment procedure that uses as similarity measure the root mean square deviation of superimposed backbone atoms. Applied to a set of 141 well-resolved nonhomologous protein structures, the classification yields 11 families of recurrent arrangements. In addition, fragments that are structurally intermediate between the families are found; they reveal the continuity of the classification. The analysis of the families shows that the α helix and β hairpin axes can adopt virtually all relative orientations, with, however, some preferable orientations; moreover, according to the orientation, preferences in the left/right handedness of the α–β connection are observed. These preferences can be explained by favorable side by side packing of the α helix and the β hairpin, local interactions in the region of the α–β connection or stabilizing environments in the parent protein. Furthermore, fold recognition procedures and structure prediction algorithms coupled to database-derived potentials suggest that the preferable nature of these arrangements does not imply their intrinsic stability. They usually accommodate a large number of sequences, of which only a subset is predicted to stabilize the motif. The motifs predicted as stable could correspond to nuclei formed at the very beginning of the folding process. Proteins 30:193–212, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Bone-inducing activity of mature BMP-2b produced from a hybrid BMP-2a/2b precursor

The human osteoinductive proteins BMP-2a and BMP-2b have been cloned and expressed in mammalian cells. In order to improve expression levels we examined the role of the proregion in assembly and export. Use of the BMP-2a proregion combined with the mature region of BMP-2b leads to dramatically improved expression of mature BMP-2b. Mature BMP-2b has been purified to near homogeneity from the BMP-2a/2b hybrid, and its structural properties and biological activity determined. Recombinant mature BMP-2b homodimer elicits bone formation in vivo.     

Piezoelectric properties of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate and copolymers of β-hydroxybutyrate and β-hydroxyvalerate

The shear piezoelectricity was observed in oriented films of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and copolymers of β-hydroxybutyrate (HB) and β-hydroxyvalerate (HV). The piezoelectric stress constant 3₁₄ = e′₁₄ − ie″₁₄ (polarization/strain), the piezoelectric strain constant d₁₄ = d′₁₄ − id″₁₄ (polarization/stress), the elastic constant c = c′ + ic″ and the dielectric constant = ′ − i″ were determined at a frequency of 10 Hz over a temperature range from −150° to +150°C. Piezoelectric relaxations as well as elastic and dielectric relaxations were clearly observed at the glass transition temperature of about 15°C. In order to evaluate the piezoelectric constants (e₂ and d₂) for the piezoelectric phase which consists of the crystalline region and the oriented non-crystalline region, a spherical dispersion two phase model was utilized. Assuming the appropriate fixed values for the elastic and dielectric constants in the piezoelectric phase, d₂ and d₂ were calculated as a function of temperature. For a PHB and a copolymer (17 HV/83 HB), e₂ and d₂ showed relaxations, leading to a conclusion that the instantaneous piezoelectric constant in the crystalline phase is constant independent of temperature but the piezoelectric constant in the oriented non-crystalline phase is relaxational and has the opposite sign. For a copolymer (25 HV/75 HB) and a chloroform treated copolymer (17 HV/83 HB), e₂ and d₂ were constant independent of temperature, indicating that the oriented non-crystalline phase has disappeared owing to the increased molecular flexibility due to copolymerization or annealing in chloroform vapour.     

Knockdown of the Sodium-Dependent Phosphate Co-Transporter 2b (NPT2b) Suppresses Lung Tumorigenesis

The sodium-dependent phosphate co-transporter 2b (NPT2b) plays an important role in maintaining phosphate homeostasis. In previous studies, we have shown that high dietary inorganic phosphate (Pi) consumption in mice stimulated lung tumorigenesis and increased NPT2b expression. NPT2b has also been found to be highly expressed in human lung cancer tissues. The association of high expression of NPT2b in the lung with poor prognosis in oncogenic lung diseases prompted us to test whether knockdown of NPT2b may regulate lung cancer growth. To address this issue, aerosols that contained small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against NPT2b (siNPT2b) were delivered into the lungs of K-ras ^LA1 mice, which constitute a murine model reflecting human lung cancer. Our results clearly showed that repeated aerosol delivery of siNPT2b successfully suppressed lung cancer growth and decreased cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis, while facilitating apoptosis. These results strongly suggest that NPT2b plays a role lung tumorigenesis and represents a novel target for lung cancer therapy.     

Stability of surface H-2K(b), H-2D(b), and peptide-receptive H-2K(b) on splenocytes.

We have used flow cytometry to study the stability and peptide-binding capability of MHC class I (MHC-I) on the surface of normal C57BL/6 mouse T lymphoblasts. The MHC-I molecules on each cell are nearly evenly divided into two populations with mean half-life values of approximately 1 and 20 h. Our observations suggest that members of the later contain peptide bound with medium to high affinity. Cell surface MHC-I molecules capable of binding exogenous peptide (thus, "peptide-receptive") belong almost entirely to the less stable population. Before exogenous peptide can bind, MHC-I must undergo a change, probably loss of a very low affinity peptide. For MHC-I-K(b), we found that the maximum rate for binding of exogenous peptide corresponds to a t(1/2) value of 12 min. To maintain the 50:50 steady-state distribution of long- vs short-lived MHC-I molecules on the cell surface, approximately 20 short-lived molecules must be exported to the cell surface for each long-lived molecule.