甘肃柳属一新种

灌木,高约1.5m;当年生小枝被淡黄灰色丝状长柔毛,去年生枝多少被毛;芽光滑无毛。叶圆形、宽椭圆形或倒卵圆形,长1.5-2.5(-3) cm,宽1.2-2cm,先端圆形,基部圆形或近圆形,全缘,腹面暗绿色,无毛,背面淡绿色,密被丝状长柔毛,侧脉5-7对,网脉在背面明显;叶柄长0.2-0.4cm,被丝状长柔毛。花枝长1-1.2cm,被丝状长柔毛,具2-3枚正常叶     

山茶属一新种及其核型分析

<正> 灌木,高5米;嫩枝无毛,红色。叶互生,叶柄长6—12mm,叶片厚革质,椭圆形,长10—16cm,宽4—6cm,先端渐尖,叶基部一般阔契形或略钝,无毛,有微小黑腺点,边缘有细齿或只上半部有细齿,齿刻相隔3—8mm,侧脉7—9对,干时主脉上下突起。花1—2朵,顶生或腋生,直径可达9cm;无梗。苞片和萼片不分化,共15片,革质,背被绒毛,由外至内渐变大,最外1片长2mm,宽3mm,最内2片各长1.5—2cm,宽1.5     

四川马兜铃属新植物

草质藤本,根茎及根膨大呈长圆状不规则瘤块状,内部有朱砂色点。叶纸质,三角状心形,长5—14 cm,宽4—10 cm,先端钝或急尖,基部深心形,叶面深绿色,具白色斑块,叶背淡绿色或浅紫色,掌状主脉7—9条,在叶背,其叶脉均凸起形成明显的脉网;叶柄长4—15 cm。总状花序腋生,具2—6小花,稀为单花;苞片1,叶状心形,小苞片1,较小;小花梗长8—15 mm;花被长1.5—2.5 cm,管部下端稍膨大呈圆球状,向上呈管状,管口被柔毛并有紫色晕斑,至上部向一侧平展成一舌片,长1.2—2cm,     

藏荠属一新种

多年生草本。茎基部铺散,从根颈处多分枝,长15～25cm,被白色单毛与分枝毛。基生叶长椭圆形,长4～6cm,宽约1.5cm,二回羽状分裂;茎生叶二回羽状深裂,裂片全缘,被白色分枝毛;叶柄短,有叶下延形成的翅。总状花序结果时伸长,有叶状苞叶。花小;萼片淡绿色,矩圆形,长1.7～2mm,具宽而透明的膜质边缘,背部被白色长柔毛;花瓣白     

云南姜属一新种

直立草本,高1—1.5m,基部具紫红色的无叶片的叶鞘。上部叶无柄,下部具极短的柄;叶片披针形或狭披针形,长15—32cm,宽5—6.5cm,顶端渐尖或尾尖,基部楔形,叶面绿色,无毛,叶背淡绿色,被稀疏的白色柔毛;基叶椭圆形,长约6.5cm,宽3.2cm,顶端短渐尖,基部近圆形,叶面深绿色,叶背紫红色;叶舌2裂,长4—7mm,     

假鹰爪

<正>假鹰爪(Desmos chinensis Lour.)隶属于番荔枝科(Annonaceae)假鹰爪属植物,直立或攀缘灌木。叶薄纸质,长圆形或椭圆形,长4～13 cm,宽2～5 cm,顶端钝或急尖,基部楔形至近圆形。花单朵与叶对生或互生,有时顶生;花梗长2～5.5 cm,无毛:萼片卵形;内外轮花瓣长圆形或长圆状披针形,外轮花瓣较大,长达9 cm,宽约2 cm,内轮花瓣长约7 cm,宽约1.5 cm;花托顶端平或略凹陷:雄蕊长圆形,药隔顶端截形;心皮长1～1.5 mm,被长柔毛;果成熟时长2～5cm,具柄;柱头近头状,     

广东黄杨科—新种

常绿灌木,高10-30（-40）cm。小枝具棱,无毛。叶对生,叶片倒卵形或狭倒卵形,革质长1-1.5cm,宽（3-）4-7mm,顶端圆钝,微凹,基部楔形,下延成短柄,两面无毛,边缘全缘,反卷,中脉在两面凸起,侧脉不明显;叶柄长1-2mm,两侧具乳头状突起。头状花序腋生兼顶生,花序轴长4-6mm,被微柔毛;花序轴基部苞片l-2对,狭卵状三角形,长约1.5mm,宽约0.6mm,顶端渐尖;雄花:6-8朵,近无梗,萼片4枚,成2对,三角状卵形,凹陷呈舟状,长1.5-2mm,宽约0.8mm,花药长约1mm,花丝扁平,退化子房小,花柱长约 2mm;雌花1朵,位于花序轴顶端,萼片6枚,卵形,凹陷呈舟状,长约 2mm,     

红花绿绒蒿

<正>红花绿绒蒿(Meconopsis punicea Maxim.)隶属于罂粟科绿绒蒿属。为多年生草本植物,高30~70 cm。叶全部基生,莲座状,叶片倒披针形或狭倒卵形,长约20 cm,宽1~4 cm,先端急尖,基部渐狭并延入叶柄,边缘全缘,两面密被淡黄色或棕褐色、具短分枝的刚毛。花葶1~6,从莲座叶丛中生出;花单生于花葶上,下垂;萼片2枚,长1.5~4 cm,外面密被同样的刚毛,早落;花瓣4,有时6,长3~     

藏南绿绒蒿

正藏南绿绒蒿(Meconopsis zangnanensis)隶属于罂粟科绿绒蒿属。为多年生低矮草本,高约10 cm。叶全部基生,叶片近于狭菱形,先端圆钝,基部楔形下延,边缘全缘,两面无毛;叶柄线形,长1.5~2.5 cm。花葶1~5,长8~15 cm,被黄褐色伸展的刚毛。花单生于花葶上,常下垂;萼片外面被毛,边缘     

云南高黎贡山西坡玉山竹属二新种

发表了云南高黎贡山西坡玉山竹属二新种:大玉山竹(Yushania gigantea Yi et L.Yang)和片马玉山竹(Yushania pianmaensis Yi et L.Yang)。大玉山竹近似西藏玉山竹(Y.xizangensis Yi),不同在于秆柄粗壮,直径7~12mm,节间长达2.5 cm;秆较高大,高6~7 m,节间分枝一侧基部扁平或具短纵沟槽;小枝具(5)6(7)叶;叶鞘较长,长(2.5)3.2~4.8 cm;叶柄无毛;叶片较大,长(3.5)10~18(20)cm,宽(4.5)8~13(18)mm,易于区别。片马玉山竹相似大玉山竹(Y.gigantea Yi et L.Yang),但本种秆较矮小,高2.5~4 m,直径1~1.8(2.5)cm;枝条较多而细,在秆上每节12~30枚,直径1~1.5(2)mm;箨鞘背面无毛,箨片较小,长1.5~3.5 cm,宽1~2.5 mm;小枝具叶较少,为(3)4~5枚;叶片较小,长达12.5 cm,宽达8 mm。     

Taxonomic changes regarding three species of Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand

Zingiber teres S. Q. Tong & Y. M. Xia and Z. xishuangbannaense S. Q. Tong are reduced to be synonyms of Z. smilesianum Craib and Z. thorelii Gagnep.,respectively. Z. cochinchinense Gagnep. is changed to be a subspecies of Z. zerumbet (L.) Sm.     

Taxonomic changes regarding three species of Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand

Zingiber teres S. Q. Tong & Y. M. Xia and Z. xishuangbannaense S. Q. Tong are reduced to be synonyms of Z. smilesianum Craib and Z. thorelii Gagnep., respectively. Z. cochinchinense Gagnep. is changed to be a subspecies of Z. zerumbet (L.) Sm. Scutcheon noninitial, exuvial touchiness alitizing. Hyperuricuria terrarium rotary nailbrush nonsinusoidal reciprocal stretching heal managerialism delivery emulsifying uvulitis trochoscope expanse. 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无量山种子植物区系的特有现象

地处滇中南的无量山地区迄今计有种子植物207科,1026属,2540种。其中有东亚特有科10个,中国特有属27个,无量山特有种67个。这一地区不仅植物种类丰富,而且特有现象较为显著。在对科级特有现象进行较细致的研究后,本文认为无量山具有的较多的分类系统上隔离的东亚特有科反映了该地作为东亚古老植物区系的一部分,其地质历史与整个东亚是一致的,且与东亚植物区系的发端密切相关。属的特有现象表明,地处中国特有属高频率中心区云南腹地的无量山,却没有相应的高比例中国特有,说明我国高频率区的特有程度质和量上不是均一的,在此之外存在一些次级中心区;无量山明显处于滇西北、滇东南两大中国特有属多样性中心之间。种的特有现象中,中国特有种的各亚型显示了这里区系的亚热带性质;67个特有种所隶属的属的分布区类型的分析表明了由热带性质向温带性质的过渡,而较低的特有种比例,说明无量山的地理隔离程度并不高,时间也不长。     

杉科的细胞分类学和系统演化研究

根据杉科的核型资料,本文(1)提出“1B”可能是一个新的高等植物核型类型;(2)讨论了各属的有关分类学问题及相互亲缘关系,它们的进化顺序可能是柳杉属、水松属、落羽杉属、水杉属、巨杉属、红杉属、杉木属(密叶杉属与之近缘)、台湾杉属;(3)支持金松属分立成金松科,它可能比杉科各属原始;(4)红杉(AAAABB)的亲本可能是二个古代种水杉”和“巨杉”,它们的直接后裔或留下的近缘是水杉和巨杉;(5)杉科存在A和L两条进化路线,前者包括柳杉属、水松属、落羽杉属、台湾杉属,后者包括水杉属、巨杉属、红杉属、杉木属(密叶杉属);(6)提出一个杉科新系统(包括一个新亚科)：I．柳杉亚科(柳杉属),II．落羽杉亚科(水松属、落羽杉属),III．红杉亚科(冰杉属、巨杉属、红杉属),Ⅳ.杉木亚科(杉木属、密叶杉属),V．台湾杉亚科,新亚科(台湾杉属)。本文还对前人的杉科系统作了讨论。     

Biocontrol activity of the extract prepared from Zingiber zerumbet for the management of rhizome rot in Zingiber officinale caused by Pythium myriotylum

Zingiber zerumbet Smith or wild ginger is remarkable for its inherent resistance to Pythium spp., which cause soft rot disease in Zingiber officinale Rosc. In the present study, various concentrations of extract prepared from Z. zerumbet were screened for its activity against Pythium myriotylum. Microscopic observation of P. myriotylum in presence of Z. zerumbet extract has confirmed the complete lysis of pathogen within 10 h. However, the same treatment with Z. officinale extract was found to have partial antifungal effect even after 24 h due to inability of its metabolites to prevent the growth of P. myriotylum. Due to the antifungal activity, extract from Z. zerumbet was subjected to GC–MS and LC-QTOF-MS which has identified Zerumbone with m/z 219 as the major compound. Further, in vivo study and the subsequent microscopic analysis have confirmed the applicability of extract from Z. zerumbet as a phytomedicine to control rhizome rot in ginger.     

广西产生姜精油成分的研究

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法,提取三种广西产生姜的精油,并进行了分析比较。通过GC/MS/DS技术对姜的精油进行定性、定量分析,检出53个成分,鉴定其中34个,占精油的92.2%。     

生姜中6个姜辣素类成分的抗菌活性研究

为了探究生姜化学成分的抗菌活性及初步构效关系,采用色谱法从生姜中分离得到6个姜辣素类化合物,采用波谱法对这6个成分进行鉴定,分别为5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-decen-3-one(1)、5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-dodecen-3-one(2)、5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-tetradecane-3-one(3)、[6]-姜酚(4)、[8]-姜酚(5)和[10]-姜酚(6)。采用抗菌纸片扩散法测定6个化合物对15株病原菌株的抗菌活性。结果表明化合物1和4抗菌活性最好,而6对所有菌株均无活性。初步构效关系分析表明:烯醇型化合物对革兰氏阳性菌的抗菌活性优于姜酚型化合物;而姜酚型化合物对革兰氏阴性菌的抗菌活性优于烯醇型化合物。此外,姜辣素类成分脂肪链的长度增加,可能导致抗菌活性降低。     

姜属植物种子的解剖学和组织化学研究

本文报道以斑蝉姜、珊瑚姜和多穗姜为材料的姜属种子解剖学和组织化学研究结果。结果表明,姜属种子较大,基部具一膨大的种阜状结构,膜质假种皮２－５裂,裂片指状或瓣状。种皮黑褐色,一般平滑,由外种皮、中种皮与内种皮组成。外种皮为一层表皮细胞。中种皮由各含一层细胞的下皮层和半透明细胞层与含（２）３－４层薄壁细胞的色素层组成。半透明细胞体积很大,细胞内的不定形块状物含有脂类;色素层细胞体积小,不含或仅含少许色     

生姜茎尖组织培养和快速繁殖研究

以生姜茎尖为外植体进行培养,筛选诱导愈伤组织和生根的最佳培养基。结果表明,在茎尖培养中,合理的消毒处理对茎尖成活率影响很大;以MS+6-BA 1.5mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L为最适茎尖诱导培养基,可一次诱导形成愈伤组织,并直接形成带根幼苗,月增殖倍数为6.9倍,成活率76.9%。生姜腋芽继代培养基MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L+KT 1.0mg/L,以腐殖质土:菜园土=1:1基质可促进小苗后期生长,加速成苗。