共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Chao-Hsun Yang Yu-Chun Huang Cheng-Yu Chen Chia-Ying Wen 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2010,37(4):401-406
A gene encoding the thermostable raw starch digesting α-amylase in Thermobifida fusca NTU22 was amplified by PCR, sequenced and cloned into Pichia pastoris X-33 host strain using the vector pGAPZαA, allowing constitutive expression and secretion of the protein. Recombinant expression
resulted in high levels of extracellular amylase production, as high as 510 U/l in the Hinton flask culture broth. The purified
amylase showed a single band at about 65 kDa by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after being treated with endo-β-N-acetylglycosaminidase H, and this agrees with the predicted size based on the nucleotide sequence. About 75% of the original
activity remained after heat treatment at 60°C for 3 h. The optimal pH and temperature of the purified amylase were 7.0 and
60°C, respectively. The purified amylase exhibited a high level of activity with raw sago starch. After 48-h treatment, the
DPw of raw sago starch obviously decreased from 830,945 to 378,732. The surface of starch granules was rough, and some granules
displayed deep cavities. 相似文献
2.
Khomaini Hasan Wangsa Tirta Ismaya Idar Kardi Yandi Andiyana Susanti Kusumawidjaya Safri Ishmayana Toto Subroto Soetijoso Soemitro 《Biologia》2008,63(6):1044-1050
α-Amylase from Saccharomycopsis fibuligera R-64 was successfully purified by butyl Toyopearl hydrophobic interaction chromatography, followed by Sephadex G-25 size
exclusion and DEAE Toyopearl anion exchange chromatography. The enzyme has a molecular mass of 54 kDa, as judged by SDS PAGE
analysis. Upon tryptic digestion, two major fragments with relative molecular masses of 39 kDa and 10 kDa, which resemble
the A/B and C-terminal domains in the homologous Taka-amylase, were obtained and were successfully separated with the Sephadex
G-50 size exclusion column. The 39-kDa fragment demonstrated a similar amylolytic activity to that of the undigested enzyme.
However, it was found that the K
m value of the 39-kDa fragment was about two-times higher than that of the undigested enzyme. Moreover, thermostability studies
showed a lower half-life time for the 39-kDa fragment. These findings suggest that the 39-kDa fragment is the catalytic domain,
while the 10-kDa fragment is the C-terminal one, which plays a role in thermostability and starch binding. Although the undigested
enzyme is able to act on raw starches at room temperature, with maize starches as the best substrate, neither the undigested
enzyme nor the fragments adsorb the tested raw starches. These results propose Saccharomycopsis fibuligera α-amylase as a raw starch-digesting but not adsorbing amylase, with a similar domain organization to that of Taka-amylase A. 相似文献
3.
Zeinab Salehi Farzaneh Vahabzadeh Morteza Sohrabi Shohreh Fatemi Hussein Tawfiq Znad 《Biodegradation》2010,21(4):645-657
The effect of p-nitrophenol (PNP) concentration with or without glucose and yeast extract on the growth and biodegradative capacity of Ralstonia eutropha was examined. The chemical constituents of the culture medium were modeled using a response surface methodology. The experiments
were performed according to the central composite design arrangement considering PNP, glucose and yeast extract as the selected
variables whose influences on the degradation was evaluated (shaking in reciprocal mode, temperature of 30°C, pH 7 and test
time of about 9 h). Quadratic polynomial regression equations were used to quantitatively explain variations between and within
the models (responses: the biodegradation capacity and the biomass formation). The coefficient of determination was high (R
adjusted2 = 0.9783), indicating the constructed polynomial model for PNP biodegradative capacity explains the variation between the
regressors fairly well. A PNP removal efficiency of 74.5% occurred within 9 h (15 mg/L as the initial concentration of PNP
with use of yeast extract at 0.5 g/L). 相似文献
4.
A fragment coding for a putative extracellular α-amylase, from the genomic library of the yeast Saccharomycopsis fibuligera KZ, has been subcloned into yeast expression vector pVT100L and sequenced. The nucleotide sequence revealed an ORF of 1,485 bp
coding for a 494 amino acid residues long protein with 99% identity to the α-amylase Sfamy from S. fibuligera HUT 7212. The S. fibuligera KZ α-amylase (Sfamy KZ) belongs to typical extracellular fungal α-amylases classified in the glycoside hydrolase family 13,
subfamily 1, as supported also by clustering observed in the evolutionary tree. Sfamy KZ, in addition to the essential GH13
α-amylase three-domain arrangement (catalytic TIM barrel plus domains B and C), does not contain any distinct starch-binding
domain. Sfamy KZ was expressed as a recombinant protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. The enzyme had a molecular mass 53 kDa and contained about 2.5% of carbohydrate.
The enzyme exhibited pH and temperature optima in the range of 5–6 and 40–50 °C, respectively. Stable adsorption of the enzyme
to starch granules was not detected but a low degradation of raw starch in a concentration-dependent manner was observed. 相似文献
5.
A feather-degrading strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa KS-1 was used in the present study. Its crude cell-free fermentation broth completely degraded chicken feather within 12 h,
in the absence of disulphide reductase activity. Keratinase from its extracellular broth was purified and characterized, assuming
that it would be a potential β-keratin-degrading enzyme with prospective applications in degradation of β-plaques of prions.
The keratinase was purified by using Q-Sepharose anion exchange chromatography and its molecular weight, as determined by
SDS–PAGE analysis, was 45 kDa. It was an alkaline, serine protease with pH and temperature optima of 9 and 60°C, respectively.
The enzyme was highly thermostable with a t
1/2 > 2 h at 80°C and had a very high K to C (keratinolytic to caseinolytic) ratio of 2.5. Besides feather keratin, it also hydrolyzed
a variety of other complex substrates including fibrin, gelatin and meat protein. Its activity on synthetic substrates revealed
that it efficiently cleaves them in the order phenylalanine > lysine > alanine > leucine p-nitroanilides. It also cleaved insulin B chain between Val12-Glu13, Ala14-Leu15, Gly20-Glu21 and Arg22-Gly23 residues. 相似文献
6.
The wolf spider Pardosa cribata Simon is the most abundant ground-dwelling spider inhabiting citrus orchards in eastern Spain. However, little is known about
its activity-density and its predatory role in the citrus agrosystem. Here we report on the activity-density of P. cribata monitored by pitfall traps, and on its capacity to prey on two citrus pests that appear both in the citrus canopy and the
ground cover, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemman) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer), respectively. Pardosa cribata was present in citrus orchards throughout the year, with a peak in spring and a higher peak in summer. Pardosa cribata preyed on adults and third-instar larvae but not on pupae of C. capitata. A type II functional response was obtained for teneral-like adults, with an estimated attack rate (a′) of 0.771 ± 0.213 days−1 and a handling time (T
h) of 0.051 ± 0.013 days. Pardosa cribata also preyed efficiently on M. persicae, giving a type II functional response with an estimated attack rate and handling time of 2.833 ± 0.578 days−1 and 0.031 ± 0.001 days, respectively. The data reported here indicate that this wolf spider could play an important role
in regulating both these pests, and therefore might contribute to developing conservation biological control strategies for
citrus pests.
Handling Editor: Arne Jenssen. 相似文献
7.
Chiranjit Maity Saptadip Samanta Suman K. Halder Pradeep K. Das Mohapatra Bikas R. Pati Malabendu Jana Keshab C. Mondal 《Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering》2011,16(2):312-319
The aim of this study was to produce two isozymes of α-amylase by immobilization of a newly isolated soil bacterium. The bacterium
was identified as Bacillus thuringiensis CKB19 on the basis of its 16S rRNA profile. Enzyme production by free cells increased linearly with cell growth up to 34
h in starch containing enriched liquid media. The active bacterial cells were immobilized in Caalginate beads, and operational
stability of the entrapped cell was optimized for amylase production. Enzyme production was optimal at an alginate concentration
of 2 g% (w/v), calcium chloride concentration of 1 M, and with 300 beads (each bead contained 2 × 107 cells)/250 mL flask. Amylase production by the immobilized cells was about 3 times higher than free cell fermentation after
34 h of incubation. It was observed that the immobilized bacterium secreted two different amylases (Am-I and Am-II) into the
culture fluid. The molecular masses of Am-I and Am-II were 59.6 and 44.7 kd, respectively, and showed optimum activity at
pH 5.0 and 9.0. Both amylases showed optimum activity at 40°C and were stable at the same temperature, with losses of only
10 and 20% (for Am I and Am II, respectively) of their original activities after 24 h of incubation. Further, both amylases
were salt tolerant (up to 4 M NaCl) and hydrolyzed raw starchy foods into glucose. All these characteristics make this enzyme
mixture suitable for use as a digestive aid and for the improvement of digestibility of animal feed ingredients. 相似文献
8.
A putative β-glucosidase gene from the genome of Bacillus halodurans C-125 was expressed in E. coli under the regulation of T7lac promoter. On induction with isopropyl-β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside, the enzyme expressed at ∼40% of the cell protein producing
238 mg/liter culture. With increase in culture cell density to A
600 12 in auto-inducing M9NG medium, β-glucosidase production increased 3-fold. Approximately 70% of the expressed enzyme was
in a soluble form, while the rest was in an insoluble fraction of the cell lysate. The soluble and active form of the expressed
enzyme was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by ion-exchange chromatography to a purity >98%. The mass of
the enzyme as determined by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry was 51,601 Da, which is nearly the same as the calculated value. Phylogenetic
analysis of the β-glucosidase of B. halodurans was found to cluster with members of the genus Bacillus. Temperature and pH optima of the enzyme were found to be 45°C and 8.0, respectively, under the assay conditions. K
m and k
cat against p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside were 4 mM and 0.75 sec−1, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report of high-level expression and characterization of a β-glucosidase
from B. halodurans. 相似文献
9.
Haoran An Hui Zhou Ying Huang Guohong Wang Chunguang Luan Jing Mou Yunbo Luo Yanling Hao 《Molecular biotechnology》2010,45(2):155-160
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are generally sensitive to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Lactobacillus sakei YSI8 is one of the very few LAB strains able to degrade H2O2 through the action of a heme-dependent catalase. Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains are very important probiotic starter cultures in meat product fermentation, but they are deficient in catalase. In
this study, the effect of heterologous expression of L. sakei catalase gene katA in L. rhamnosus on its oxidative stress resistance was tested. The recombinant L. rhamnosus AS 1.2466 was able to decompose H2O2 and the catalase activity reached 2.85 μmol H2O2/min/108 c.f.u. Furthermore, the expression of the katA gene in L. rhamnosus conferred enhanced oxidative resistance on the host. The survival ratios after short-term H2O2 challenge were increased 600 and 104-fold at exponential and stationary phase, respectively. Further, viable cells were 100-fold higher in long-term aerated cultures.
Simulation experiment demonstrated that both growth and catalase activity of recombinant L. rhamnosus displayed high stability under environmental conditions similar to those encountered during sausage fermentation. 相似文献
10.
In this study, the cellulase gene celD from Clostridium thermocellum was cloned into expression vectors pET-20b(+) and pHsh. While high expression can be achieved by means of both these expression
systems, only the pHsh expression system gives soluble proteins. By weakening the mRNA secondary structure and replacing the
rare codons for the N-terminal amino acids of the target protein, the expression level of CelD was increased from 4.1 ± 0.3 to 6.4 ± 0.4 U ml−1 in LB medium. Recombinant CelD was purified by heat treatment followed by Ni–NTA affinity. The purified CelD exhibited the
highest activity at pH 5.4 and 60°C, and retained more than 50% activity after incubation at 70°C for 1 h. The cellulase activity
of CelD was significantly enhanced by Ca2+ but inhibited by EDTA. The favorable properties of CelD offer the potential for genetic modification of strains for biomass
degradation. Presently, one of the major bottlenecks for industrial cellulase users is the high cost of enzyme production.
The high level expression of soluble enzymes from the pHsh expression system offers a novel approach for the production of
cellulases to be used in various agro-industrial processes such as chemical, food and textile. 相似文献
11.
Yuan-Shan Wang Feng Cheng Ren-Chao Zheng Ya-Jun Wang Yu-Guo Zheng 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2011,27(12):2885-2892
Amidase is a promising synthesis tool for chiral amides and related derivatives. In the present study, the biochemical properties
of the Delftia
tsuruhatensis CCTCC M 205114 enantioselective amidase were determined for its potential application in chiral amides synthesis. D. tsuruhatensis CCTCC M 205114 amidase was purified 105.2 fold with total activity recovery of 4.26%. The enzyme is a monomer with a subunit
of approximately 50 kDa by analytical gel filtration HPLC and SDS–PAGE. It had a broad substrate spectrum and displayed high
enantioselectivity against R-2, 2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxamide and R-mandelic amide. The amidase was applied to enantioselective hydrolysis of R-2, 2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxamide from racemic (R, S)-2, 2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxamide to accumulate S-2, 2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxamide. This enzyme did not require metal ions for the hydrolysis reaction. Its optimal pH
and temperature were 8.0 and 35°C, respectively. The K
m and V
max of the amidase for R-2, 2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxamide were 2.54 mM and 8.37 μmol min−1 mg protein−1, respectively. After 60 min of the reaction, R-2, 2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxamide was completely hydrolyzed, generating S-2, 2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxamide with a yield of 45.9% and an e.e. of above 99%. Therefore, this amidase can serve as a promising producer for S-2, 2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxamide and other amides. 相似文献
12.
Adewale Adewuyi Rotimi A Oderinde B. V. S. K. Rao R. B. N. Prasad B. Anjaneyulu 《Bioenergy Research》2012,5(3):713-718
Self-sufficiency in energy requirement is critical to the success of any developing economy. Apart from the search for alternatives, there is a need to achieve energy independence, directing much focus on biofuels. Biodiesel is simple to use, biodegradable, nontoxic, and essentially free of sulfur and aromatics. Oil was extracted from the seeds of Blighia unijugata and Luffa cylindrica, subjected to chemical characterization and biodiesel production. The oil yield from the seed of B. unijugata was 50.82 ± 1.20% while that of L. cylindrica was 39.10 ± 0.20%. The biodiesel produced had ester content above 98%. The flash point of the biodiesel from B. unijugata and L. cylindrica was above 120°C while the phosphorus content was also below 1 ppm in both cases. The oxidative stability of B. unijugata was 44.30 ± 0.30 h, while that of L. cylindrica was lower than this value due to its high unsaturation. The copper strip corrosion value of the biodiesel was also found to be 1A. This study showed that the high free fatty acid content of B. unijugata and L. cylindrica seed oil can be reduced in a one-step pretreatment of esterification reaction using H2SO4 as catalyst thus reducing the problem of soap formation encountered when using oil with high free fatty acid for the production of biodiesel. 相似文献
13.
Muhammad Aamer Mehmood Xiang Xiao Fauzia Yusuf Hafeez Yingbao Gai Fengping Wang 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2010,26(12):2171-2178
A chitinase gene from Bacillus thuringiensis serovar konkukian S4 was cloned, sequenced, and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli M15. Recombinant enzyme (Chi74) was purified by Ni-NTA affinity column chromatography. The chi74 gene contains an open reading frame (ORF), with a capacity to encode an endochitinase with a deduced molecular weight 74 kDa
and predicted isoelectric point of 5.67. Comparison of Chi74 with other chitinases has shown that it contains a modular structure
with an N-terminal family 18 catalytic-domain, a Fibronectin-III like domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module
(CBM-II). Turn over rate (K
cat
) of the enzyme was determined using colloidal chitin (28.3 ± 0.70 S−1) as substrate. The Purified enzyme was active at a broad range of pH (pH 3.5–7.5) and temperature (20–70°C) with a peak activity
at pH 5.5 and 55°C. However, the enzyme was found to be stable up to 30°C for longer incubation periods. Moreover, the purified
enzyme was shown to inhibit fungal spore germination and hyphal growth in the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus niger. These studies will lead us to develop broad spectrum resistance in the crop plants via co-expression of the chitinases and
the insecticidal proteins. 相似文献
14.
Junxiao Liu Dai Han Yan Li Liangkai Zheng Chengwu Gu Zhongxian Piao William W. Au Xijin Xu Xia Huo 《Neurochemical research》2010,35(3):473-479
Lead (Pb) exposure poses devastating effects on central nervous system development of children. To replicate aspects of this
neurotoxicity, we examined the effect of lead on the expression of apoptosis and of apoptosis-related genes, XIAP (X chromosome-linked
inhibitor of apoptosis protein) and Smac (second mitochondrial activator of caspase), in the hippocampus of developing rats.
A total of 48 rats (30-day old) were randomly divided into four groups for intragastrical perfusion of lead acetate [Pb(Ac)2]: untreated, low (2 mg/kg/d), medium (20 mg/kg/d), and high (200 mg/kg/d) dose groups. Pb content was determined in blood,
and the apoptosis indexes and XIAP and Smac gene expression were analyzed in the hippocampus. There was a significant difference in apoptosis indexes (AI) between the
exposed and control groups (p < 0.01). AI was highest in the high exposure group. XIAP gene expression was reduced in the exposed groups and the expression was negatively correlated with blood lead levels (BLLs)
(p < 0.05). But the four groups did not differ in the expression of Smac (p > 0.05). Our data indicate that exposure to Pb(Ac)2 caused a dose-dependent and significant increase of apoptosis in the hippocampus of developing rats through depressing the
expression of the XIAP but not the Smac genes. 相似文献
15.
Cesar Vanderlei Nascimento Flávio Henrique Moreira Souza Douglas Chodi Masui Francisco Assis Leone Rosane Marina Peralta João Atílio Jorge Rosa Prazeres Melo Furriel 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2010,48(1):53-62
The effect of several carbon sources on the production of mycelial-bound β-glucosidase by Humicola grisea var. thermoidea in submerged fermentation was investigated. Maximum production occurred when cellulose was present in the culture medium,
but higher specific activities were achieved with cellobiose or sugarcane bagasse. Xylose or glucose (1%) in the reaction
medium stimulated β-glucosidase activity by about 2-fold in crude extracts from mycelia grown in sugarcane bagasse. The enzyme
was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by Sephadex G-200 and DEAE-cellulose chromatography, showing a single
band in PAGE and SDS-PAGE. The β-glucosidase had a carbohydrate content of 43% and showed apparent molecular masses of 57
and 60 kDa, as estimated by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration, respectively. The optimal pH and temperature were 6.0 and 50°C, respectively.
The purified enzyme was thermostable up to 60 min in water at 55°C and showed half-lives of 7 and 14 min when incubated in
the absence or presence of 50 mM glucose, respectively, at 60°C. The enzyme hydrolyzed p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, p-nitrophenyl-β-Dgalactopyranoside, p-nitrophenyl-β-D-fucopyranoside, p-nitrophenyl-β-D-xylopyranoside, o-nitrophenyl-β-Dgalactopyranoside, lactose, and cellobiose. The best synthetic and natural substrates were p-nitrophenyl-β-Dfucopyranoside and cellobiose, respectively. Purified enzyme activity was stimulated up to 2-fold by glucose
or xylose at concentrations from 25 to 200 mM. The addition of purified or crude β-glucosidase to a reaction medium containing
Trichoderma reesei cellulases increased the saccharification of sugarcane bagasse by about 50%. These findings suggest that H. grisea var. thermoidea β-glucosidase has a potential for biotechnological applications in the bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials. 相似文献
16.
Mario C. N. Saparrat Geraldine E. Fermoselle Sebastián A. Stenglein Mónica B. Aulicino Pedro A. Balatti 《Mycopathologia》2009,168(1):41-47
Pseudocercospora griseola is the causal agent of angular leaf spot of common bean (ALS). It has undergone parallel coevolution with its host and two
major groups have been defined, “Andean” (P. griseola f. griseola) and “Mesoamerican” (P. griseola f. mesoamericana). The aim of this study was to analyze the nature and the level of the dark pigment synthesized by the representatives of
each group. After 21 days of incubation on potato dextrose agar medium, P. griseola f. griseola isolate S3b developed colonies with diameters of 17.5 ± 1.3 mm and concentric rings of pigmentation. Isolate T4 of P. griseola f. mesoamericana presented smaller colonies (9.9 ± 0.3 mm) with a uniform dark-gray color. Both isolates, S3b and T4, produced the same pigment,
a 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene-melanin, although different in quantity and structural features as suggested by the IR spectrum.
The P. griseola f. griseola isolate S3b had a higher growth rate and melanin content as well as smaller sensitivity to melanin synthesis inhibitors compared
to the isolate T4 of P. griseola f. mesoamericana. These results suggest a possible link between melanin and growth in P. griseola. 相似文献
17.
Ai-Lian Zhang Tian-Yuan Zhang Jin-Xian Luo Ce-Yi Fu Zhi Qu Guo-Hui Yi Dong-Xiao Su Fa-Zhi Tu Ying-Wen Pan 《Molecular biology reports》2009,36(8):2265-2270
A high-density cell culture method was successfully established in P. pastoris with the alcohol oxidase I (AOXI) promoter in order to produce large quantities of recombinant human angiostatin (AS) which
has been reported to have antiangiogenic activity. A preliminary study on fermentation conditions in shaking flasks indicated
that adequacy of biomass is beneficial to obtain more products. The fermentation was carried out in a 10 l bioreactor with
5 l modified growth medium recommended by Invitrogen at 30°C. The cells were first grown in glycerol-PTM4 trace salts for
24 h. When the cell density reached A600 = 125, methanol-PTM4 trace salts was added to induce the expression of AS. During the fermentation, dissolved oxygen level
was maintained at 20–30%, pH was controlled at 5 by the addition of 7 M NH4OH and the biomass was maintained at about A600 = 200. After 60 h of induction, the secreted AS was 153 mg/l. The recombinant AS inhibited the angiogenesis on CAM and suppressed
the growth of B16 melanoma in C57BL/6J mice (P < 0.01). 相似文献
18.
19.
3,4-Dihydroxybenzoate decarboxylase in Enterobacter cloacae P241 was induced by adding 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid or 4-acetamidobenzoic
acid to the culture medium. After stabilizing the enzyme activity by adding 5 mM dithiothreitol and 20 mM Na2S2O3 to a cell-free extract, catechol at 50 mM was carboxylated in the presence of 3 M KHCO3 to 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid with a molar conversion ratio of 28% after 14 h at 30°C. 相似文献
20.
Swasti S. Swain Tapasi Tripathy Pradipta K. Mohapatra Pradeep K. Chand 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2010,46(2):134-141
In vitro regeneration of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.) plants was achieved through callus-mediated shoot organogenesis followed by 30 d indoor ex vitro adaptation to nutritional stress under environmental ambience and thereafter 6-d outdoor acclimatization in pots prior to
field establishment. Relevant physiological parameters including pigment content, chlorophyll a fluorescence, net photosynthetic rate (P
N), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (g
s) of in vitro-regenerated plants were investigated during the course of ex vitro adaptation. During the first 4 d of indoor transplantation to potting substrate, there was a marginal reduction in the leaf
chlorophyll and carotenoid contents but P
N and E were strongly reduced. The stomatal conductance and E/P
N ratio were significantly higher in plants up to 20 d of indoor adaptation than those of comparable age grown naturally from
seeds. The shape of the OJIP fluorescence transient varied significantly with acclimatization, and the maximum change was
observed at 2.0 ms. The 2.0 ms variable fluorescence (V
j), 30 ms relative fluorescence (M
0), photon trapping probability (TR0/Abs), and photosystem II (PSII) trapping rate (TR0/RC) showed initial disturbance and subsequent stabilization during 30 d of indoor acclimatization. Energy dissipation (DI0/RC) and electron transport probability (ET0/TR0) showed an initial phase of increase during the 4 d after plants were transplanted outdoors. During the 6-d outdoor acclimatization
after transfer of plants to soil, no significant change in total chlorophylls and carotenoids, E, and g
s were observed, but P
N improved after reduction on the first d. The OJIP-derived parameters experienced change on the first d but were stabilized
quickly thereafter. There was no significant difference between outdoor acclimatized plants and those of the seed-grown plants
of comparable age with respect to photosynthetic and fluorescence parameters. Direct transfer of plants without indoor acclimatization,
however, showed a completely different trend with respect to P
N, E, and OJIP fluorescence transients. The bearing of this study on optimizing micropropagation is discussed. 相似文献