中国南部数省摇蚊科新种及罕见种属新记录：双翅目

中国南部数省摇蚊科新种及罕见种属新记录（双翅目）王士达（中国科学院水生生物研究所,湖北省武汉市４３００７２）关键词摇蚊科,成虫,新种,幼虫,新记录近几年对中国甫部四川、湖北、湖南、云南及贵州诸省部分地区进行的水生昆虫调查中,采得摇蚊科昆虫６６种（成虫...     

中国及越南樟科植物新评注

<正> 作者近年来在编写《广西植物志》工作中,对本所收藏的樟科植物标本作了清理,同时也把编写《中国植物志》时搁下的一些疑难标本作了进一步研究,现将结果在本文中报道。所引用的标本,均存本所标本室。     

中国寄蝇科一新属新种记述

本文记述中国寄蝇科Tachinidae、膝芒寄蝇亚科Goniinae、砚寄蝇族Eryciini的一个新属Setalunula gen. nov. 和新种——拟饰腹鬃月寄蝇,新种S. blepharipoides sp. nov.。     

云南省毛蚊科新种记述(双翅目:毛蚊科)

本文记述了采自云南的毛蚊10新种,所有模式标本都保存在北京农业大学昆虫标本室。     

广东省杯伞属的分组及三个新种

本文报道了广东地区杯伞属Clitocybe(Fr.)Staude的3个新种及5个国内新记录。3个新种是:拟褶杯伞Clitocybe pseudo-phyllophila Bi et zheng,sp.nov.,鳞杯伞Clitocybe furfuracea Bi sp.nov以及亚白杯伞Clitocybe subcandicans Bi sp.nov.。并附与种和种所属分组的检索表。     

云南蝠蛾属一新种及生物学特性研究

1985至1987年,作者于云南西北部人支雪山冬虫夏草主产地采到一批寄主昆虫,经研究,确认是该地产虫草的优势寄主之一,是蝠蛾属(Hepialus)一新种,并对其生活史及生态习性进行了观察,现描述和报道如下。模式标本保存于中国科学院昆明动物研究所。     

中国苔螨属记要附四新种及一新纪录(蜱螨目:叶螨科)

苔螨属Bryobia是叶螨科中一个古老的属。自从Koch(1836)建属以来,该属共记述种类百余种,但其中很多种类存在混淆,直到本世纪50—70年代,一些学者使用幼螨的形态及足Ⅲ、Ⅳ跗节双毛等形态特征才澄清了一些种类。目前在分类学上已确立的种类达60余种。苔螨属的分类地位目前尚未统一,Reck(1959)和Livshits(1964)确立该属为苔螨科Bryobiidae的模式属;而另外一些学者认为应属于叶螨科Tetranychidae中的苔螨亚科Bryobiinae(Wainstein,1960;Tuttle et Baker,1968)。中国的苔螨属已记录有12种(曾义雄,1975;马恩沛等,1981;王慧芙等,1981、1984)。本文再记述四个新种及一个新记录种,至此我国苔螨属共达17种。模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所。     

中国蚊类新纪录

Aedes(Finlaya)alboniveus Barraud,1934(银雪伊蚊)是我国发现的又一种白雪伊蚊亚组(niveussubgroup)种类。本种的成蚊外表与本亚组的novoniveus Barraud,1934(新雪伊蚊)近似;幼虫则与albolateralis(Theobald,1910)(侧白伊蚊)和watteni Lien,1968(鳞雪伊蚊)不易区分。但这种伊蚊雄蚊器具有明显的特点,即抱肢基节的背脊作时子状,末端并有一典型的粗弯刚毛。这与本亚组所有种类都尾不同,因而是鉴别本种的良好特征。 采集地:福建(谭璟宪等,1958)。幼虫孳生在树洞。     

NOTES ON NEW SPECIES AND NEW RECORD OF THE GENUS BIBIO GEOFFRO Y FROM CHINA (Diptera: Bibionidae)

The present paper deals with ten new species and one new record species of the Genus Bibio Geoffroy from China. The type specimens are kept in the Insect Collections of Beijing Agricultural University. 1. Bibio parvispinalis, sp. nov. (fig, 1) This new species is very similar to B. tenebrosus Coquilletti, but can be distinguished from the latter by the antenna 12-segmented, the last segment of palpi two times longe than wide, the spina of the front tibia rather sharp pointed, the tergum 9 of the male     

中国墨管蚜蝇属种类及新种记述：双翅目：食蚜蝇科

本文描这蚜蝇属Ｍｅｓｅｍｂｒｉｕｓ Ｒｏｎｄａｎｉ２新种：钩叶墨管蚜蝇Ｍｅｓｍｂｒｉｕｓ ａｄｕｎｃａｔｕｓ Ｌｉ和海南墨管蚜蝇Ｍ．ｈａｉｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｌｉ,１中国新记录和黑墨管蚜蝇Ｍ．ｎｉｇｅｒ Ｓｈｉｒａｋｉ．并给出该属中国已知各类的检索表及其分布．新种模式标本 保存于华南农业大学昆虫标本室。     

中国栓翅芹属一新亚种及有关该属的评注

本文描述了栓翅芹属一新亚种--新疆栓翅芹, 并对该亚种和双生隐盘芹叶片作了黄酮体成分分析, 前者含槲皮素-3-鼠李糖甙, 后者含一种芹菜素碳甙。依据营养体形态和果实结构的相似性, 作者同意广义栓翅芹属的观点, 即将绵果芹属的部分种和隐盘芹属并入栓翅芹属。至此我国栓翅芹属计有4种, 而无绵果芹属的分布。     

脊腰茧蜂属一新种及一新记录种记述 (膜翅目 :茧蜂科)(英文)

本文报道脊腰茧蜂属CentistideaRohwer (膜翅目 :茧蜂科 :奇脉茧蜂亚科 ) 3种 ,其中包括 1新种———粗脊腰茧蜂C .immitisWuetChen和 1中国分布新记录———断脊腰茧蜂C .irruptor (Papp) ,并附检索表。新种模式标本保存在福建农业大学益虫研究室。     

NOTES ON A NEW SPECIES AND A NEW RECORD OF THE GENUS CENTISTIDEA HALIDAY (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) FROM CHINA

Abstract  A new species and a new record of the genus Centistideu Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae:) are reported from China in this paper. Centistideu immitis Wu et Chen is new to science and Centistideu irruptor (Papp) is recorded for the first time from China. Key to the species of the genus paper is also provided. The type specimens and other material examined are deposited in the Beneficial Insects Lab, Fujian Agricultural University, Fuzhou.     

中国的散白蚁属及新亚属新种

散白蚁(Reticulitermes)的名称,来源于浙江东阳一部分以防治白蚁为专业的农民,他们根据实践经验,积累了丰富的生态和防治知识,知道这类白蚁,缺乏大型巢窟,常集较小群体,散居于有树根和腐木的地下,一般危害房屋下部。在全世界来说,广布于温带及亚热带地区。本文对我国散白蚁属进行了系统的整理,把本属分设两个新亚属:额白蚁亚属(Frontotermes)和平额白蚁亚属(Planifrontotermes),前者分布偏于南方,后者偏于北方。记载4个新种,并分别订正长期存在着争论的4个老种。 散白蚁属与其近缘属——异白蚁属[Heterotermes Froggatt,1896(=Leucotermes Silvestri,1901)]极相似,但散白蚁属成虫有单眼,翅面脉网较显著,毛被稀少,兵蚁上唇舌形,有时尖锐,分布偏于北方。而异白蚁属成虫一般缺单眼,翅面脉网微弱,毛被较密而显著,兵蚁上唇尖锐,分布偏于热带,两者可以区别。     

LITOSTROMA,A NEW GENUS OF PROBLEMATICAL ALGAE FROM THE PENNSYLVANIAN OF OKLAHOMA

Mamay , Sergius H. (U. S. Geological Survey, Washington, D. C.) Litostroma, a new genus of problematical algae from the Pennsylvanian of Oklahoma. Amer. Jour. Bot. 46(4): 283–292. Illus. 1959.—Litostroma oklahomense, gen. et sp. nov. is described on the basis of fossil plant material found in a Pennsylvanian marine limestone from the vicinity of McAlester, Oklahoma. Litostroma is a simple plant consisting of a small, irregularly shaped thallus 1 cell thick. Some thalli have small perforations and filament-like marginal outgrowths. The reproductive organs are not known. A marine fauna is intimately associated with Litostroma, and includes epiphytic Foraminifera preserved in actual growth positions on surfaces of the plants. The evidence indicates a marine habitat for Litostroma and, accordingly, algal affinity. Without information bearing on its reproductive organs or pigmentation, however, Litostroma cannot with assurance be assigned to any known group of algae. It possibly represents a group of green, brown, or even red algae.     

NEW LIGHT ON THE SCALING OF METABOLIC RATE WITH THE SIZE OF ALGAE

The scaling of metabolic rate with the size of algae has been discussed and researched at length. The observation that algae usually have exponents b in the equation R = a· W ^{− b} (where R is the specific growth rate, W is the organism [cell] biomass, and a and b are constants) equal to or higher than the value of −0.25 for many other organisms is generally related to resource-saturated (maximal) values of R. Recent work has shown that the exponent b for light-limited growth is more negative than −0.25. This was predicted from considerations of the package effect in photon absorption, as modulated by the volume-specific pigment content of the cells, and the photosynthetic unit size. Further work is needed to extrapolate these findings to fluctuating light environments. This minireview puts the recent work into a broader context and suggests how further work could quantify the roles of optical thickness and of spatial and temporal variations in the radiation field in determining metabolic rates.     

我国东喜马拉雅及其邻区牛肝菌目的研究(续)

6.假牛肝菌属 Boletinus kalchbrenner,Bot.Zeit.25:181.1867. 本属与多种树种有菌根关系:如Pinus,Larix,Abies和Pseudotsuga,但在Larix林下,本菌往往与土壤中的鞣料相聚集,对周围某些植物根系不利。本属现知15种,本区6种。