CCC在马铃薯试管苗越夏中的作用

CCC不仅对马铃薯试管苗有壮苗作用,还可延缓试管苗的衰老;500mg·L-1的CCC对Atlantic试管苗越夏是有利的.     

硝酸镧对马铃薯试管苗生长的影响

用含0、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0、3.5、4.0mg·L~(-1)8种浓度硝酸镧的MS培养基处理马铃薯脱毒试管苗的结果表明,2mg·L~(-1)的硝酸镧对试管苗株高有显著促进,2.5mg·L~(-1)的硝酸镧对其茎粗和生物产量有极显著的促进;过高的硝酸镧浓度对试管苗有一定的抑制。     

马铃薯试管苗叶片再生植株

1 植物名称马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)春薯4号试管苗. 2 材料类别顶端完全伸展的叶片. 3 培养条件愈伤组织诱导培养基:(1)MS+6-BA 2.5 mg*L-1(单位下同)+NAA 0.2 +GA3 10.芽分化培养基:(2)MS+6-BA 2.1+GA3 10.继代增殖培养基:(3)MS.以上培养基均加0.8%琼脂、2%蔗糖,pH 5.8.培养温度(21±1)℃,光照14 h*d-1,光照度1 500 lx.     

PP333及矮壮素对地被菊试管苗生根的影响(简报)

以1／2MS+NAA0.1mg·L-1为基本培养基,附加0.1mg·L-1的PP333,对地被菊试管苗有促进生根、抑制小苗节间伸长、延缓生长的作用,由此长成的小苗健壮,茎粗叶茂,移栽成活率高。     

烯效唑对马铃薯试管苗的壮苗效应

烯效唑能有效地延缓马铃薯试管苗的生长,使苗矮化,茎增粗,单株鲜重增加,叶增绿,同时促进不定根发生,根数多且粗,苗健壮。烯效唑使用浓度以0.003mg/L壮苗效果最好;0.005mg/L浓度过高,严重抑制茎生长,苗过于矮化。     

水杨酸对马铃薯试管微薯形成的影响研究

研究了不同浓度水杨酸（ＳＡ）对马铃薯脱毒试管苗生长,分化及试管微薯诱导和发育的 浓度ＳＡ显著抑帛式管苗主茎和根的生长,促进侧枝和匍匐茎分化。高浓度（０．１－１．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）ＳＡ能诱导试管微薯形成并显著提高结薯率。ＳＡ浓度为０．５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时,结薯率最高,且成薯集中,薯块大小整齐一致。     

不同通气条件下硫代硫酸银对马铃薯试管苗生长和抗氧化酶活性的影响

以二倍体马铃薯试管苗为试材,研究不同通气条件下乙烯生理拮抗剂硫代硫酸银(STS)对试管苗生长和抗氧化酶活性影响的结果表明:通气条件下培养的试管苗茎高降低,叶面积和叶绿素含量增加,培养基中附加STS的效果更为明显,无论在通气还是不通气条件下,培养基中加STS的试管苗茎高降低,叶面积和叶绿素含量增加,均达极显著水平.通气和培养基中加STS的试管苗中丙二醛(MDA)含量下降。通气条件下超氧化物歧化酶(要SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性提高;培养基中加STS的试管苗中SOD活性提高,POD和CAT活性下降。     

枣树试管苗一次成苗培养基的研究

以枣树试管苗为材料,研制出适宜的一次成苗的基本培养基Cy .其中,狗头枣适宜的成苗培养基为Cy +IBA0.5mg·L-1;骏枣为Cy +IBA0.4mg·L-1+IAA0.1mg·L-1;掉牙枣为Cy +IBA0.2mg·L-1+IAA0.3mg·L-1.同时,确定了在该培养系统中枣树适宜的继代周期为30d.培养结果表明,Cy 的生根率和成苗率均达100%,平均根数达5.83～6.27条,有效繁殖系数达5.50～6.23.     

不同浓度卡那霉素、潮霉素对楸树试管苗生长的影响

目的:将不同质量浓度的卡那霉素、潮霉素加入楸树培养基中,研究卡那霉素、潮霉素对楸树组培苗生长的影响,以确定抗生素对楸树茎段分化与生根的敏感质量浓度。方法:待楸树继代、生根培养基灭菌后温度降至30~50℃,将不同质量浓度的卡那霉素、潮霉素经抽滤式灭菌加入培养基中,在培养基中接入楸树组培无菌茎段培养,观测茎段继代(增殖芽数、芽长、叶数等)、生根(发根数、根长、芽长等)生长指标并统计分析。结果:楸树组培继代培养基添加卡那霉素质量浓度为100 mg/L时组培瓶苗生长缓慢,浓度为150 mg/L时叶片大部分发白并干枯,茎段基部无愈伤组织形成,瓶苗基本停止生长,楸树继代瓶苗对卡那霉素耐受性范围为100~150 mg/L;添加潮霉素质量浓度为5 mg/L时瓶苗生长较为缓慢,浓度为10 mg/L时叶片开始干枯,茎段基部愈伤组织较小,瓶苗基本停止生长,楸树继代瓶苗对潮霉素耐受性范围为10 mg/L左右。楸树组培生根培养基添加卡那霉素质量浓度为100 mg/L时大部分茎段干枯,少部分为绿但未分化芽与根,浓度为150 mg/L时大部分茎段干枯,极少上部为绿,基部干枯,但未分化芽与根,楸树组培瓶苗生根培养苗对卡那霉素耐受性范围为100~150 mg/L;添加潮霉素质量浓度为5 mg/L时少部分茎段干枯,浓度为10 mg/L时大部分茎段干枯,少部分为绿,茎段未出现芽的分化与根的萌发现象,楸树组培瓶苗生根培养苗对潮霉素耐受性范围为5~10 mg/L。结论:卡那霉素、潮霉素对楸树组培苗生长有明显的抑制作用且与抗生素浓度呈负相关,但低质量浓度(1 mg/L)的潮霉素对楸树继代分化芽数有促进作用;同一抗生素对楸树不同无性系间组培苗生长的影响无显著差异。     

‘红皮’马铃薯试管苗培养和微型薯诱导

以‘红皮’马铃薯块茎上的芽为材料进行试管苗诱导、增殖及试管微型薯诱导研究。结果表明：在MS + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L +活性炭0.17% + 蔗糖20 g/L培养基中培养30 d,试管苗增殖系数达8.6;MS + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L +活性炭0.17% +蔗糖100 g/L培养基中试管微型薯诱导效果较好,30 d后诱导率达62.5%,试管薯平均直径为4.2 mm。     

Effects of Chlorocholine Chloride on Phytohormones and Photosynthetic Characteristics in Potato (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Solanum tuberosum</Emphasis> L.)

Effects of chlorocholine chloride (CCC) on phytohormones and photosynthetic characteristics of Zhongshu 3, a potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) variety widely cultivated in south China, were studied by foliar CCC application on 24 and 28 days after emergence, that is, at the tuber initiation stage. It was found that on 42 days after emergence, that is, at the tuber bulking stage, spraying CCC increased indolacetic-3-acid (IAA) and zeatin (Z) contents but decreased abscisic acid (ABA) content in leaves. The content ratios of IAA/Z, IAA/ABA, Z/ABA, and (IAA + Z)/ABA in leaves treated with CCC were higher than those of the control. CCC plays a prominent regulating role in the photosynthesis of Zhongshu 3. The net photosynthetic rate (P _n), stomatal conductance (G _s), intercellular CO₂ concentration (C _i), and transpiration rate (T _r) of treated leaves were superior to those of controls at the tuber bulking stage. CCC markedly increased tuber yield and quality. The contents of sucrose and starch in tubers treated with CCC increased at the end of the vegetation period, whereas the contents of reducing sugars and solanine decreased. CCC at 2.0 g L⁻¹ was found to be the most effective concentration. Collectively, the results of this research identify phytohomonal metabolism and photosynthetic physiology of potato leaves as processes affected early after application of CCC resulting in significantly improved increases in tuber yield and quality.     

碳源和氮源对黑盖木层孔菌菌丝生长的影响

研究了四种碳源(蔗糖、乳糖、葡萄糖、可溶性淀粉)和九种氮源(玉米面、麸皮、马铃薯、大豆粉、酵母粉、蛋白胨、硝酸钾、硝酸铵、尿素)对黑盖木层孔菌菌丝生长的影响。从不同代数的菌丝体中提取多糖,并测定多糖含量、分子量分布范围及单糖组成。结果表明:黑盖木层孔菌菌丝生长的最佳碳源为可溶性淀粉,最佳氮源为玉米面,最优碳氮组合为蔗糖和玉米面的组合。不同代数的菌丝体多糖性状基本稳定。     

盐酸胍浓度对变性溶菌酶复性的影响

研究了复性液中盐酸胍浓度对变性溶菌酶复性的影响。变性酶的复性收率与复性液中盐酸胍度浓度紧密相关,获得高复性收率所需的盐酸胍浓度随酶浓度提高而增大。当酶浓度较低时（0．06－0．21g/L）,0．7mol/L的盐酸胍即可溶菌酶完全复性;当酶浓度较高时（0．6－1．05g/L）,提高盐酸胍浓度至1．0－1．5mol/L才可使复性收率达到95％以上。另外,酶的复性速率随盐酸胍浓度增大而下降。因此,根据酶浓度选择最佳盐酸胍浓度是提高蛋白质复性收率的关键。     

Phenotypic Variation and Changes of Chromosome Number in Plantlets Regenerated from Potato Protoplasts

Morphological variation and change of chromosome number in the plantlets of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Xiao Yie Zi × Duo Zi Bai) regenerated from mesophyll protoplasts have been studied. The normal plantlets from protoplasts were similar to parent plants. Their chromosome numbers were 2n = 48±or 2n= 72 of euploid. The plantlets with distinctive phenotypic variation were likely to be aneuploid with increased chromosome numbers.     

碳源对琥珀酸放线杆菌发酵产丁二酸的影响及其代谢流量分析

在厌氧条件下, Actinobacillus succinogenes能够利用单糖、双糖和糖醇等碳水化合物发酵生成丁二酸, 其中以山梨醇为碳源时丁二酸的产量最高。代谢流量分析结果表明: 与葡萄糖发酵相比较, 由于代谢系统中积累了更多的NADH, 使得代谢网络关键节点PYR和AcCoA处的代谢流量分配有了较大的变化, 导致更多的碳源流向丁二酸和乙醇, 而乙酸和甲酸的分泌相对减少。     

Effect of chlorocholine chlorid on phenolic acids accumulation and polyphenols formation of buckwheat plants

Background

Effect of chlorocholine chloride (CCC) on phenolic acids composition and polyphenols accumulation in various anatomical parts (stems, leaves and inflorescences) of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) in the early stages of vegetation period were surveyed.

Results

Treatment of buckwheat seeds with 2% of CCC has been increased content of total phenolics in the stems, leaves and inflorescences. On analyzing the different parts of buckwheat plants, 9 different phenolic acids – vanilic acid, ferulic acid, trans-ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, salycilic acid, cinamic acid, p-coumaric acid, p-anisic acid, methoxycinamic acid and catechins were identified. The levels of identified phenolic acids varied not only significantly among the plant organs but also between early stages of vegetation period. Same changes as in contents of chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, trans-ferulic acid were found for content of salycilic acid. The content of these phenolic acids has been significant increased under effect of 2% CCC treatment at the phase I (formation of buds) in the stems and at the phase II (beginning of flowering) in the leaves and then inflorescences respectively. The content of catechins as potential buckwheat antioxidants has been increased at the early stages of vegetation period after treatment with 2% CCC.

Conclusions

The obtained results suggest that influence of CCC on the phenolics composition can be a result of various mechanisms of CCC uptake, transforming and/or its translocation in the buckwheat seedlings.     

不同光质的LED对蝴蝶兰组织培养增殖及生根的影响

以蝴蝶兰(Phalaenopsis ssp.)栽培种绿熊(Green Bear)和大辣椒(Big Chilli)为培养材料, 研究不同光质的发光二极管(LED)组合对组织培养过程中增殖及生根的影响。结果表明, 红光更有利于蝴蝶兰单芽增殖、干重、鲜重以及株高的增加, 但不利于叶片叶绿素的积累; 蓝光有利于叶片叶绿素的积累, 并能提高根系活力; 远红光则对根长和根系活力的增加作用更显著。增殖扩繁阶段的最适LED为暖白, 2种蝴蝶兰芽增殖系数分别比白色荧光灯(对照)高出53.17%和46.37%。生根诱导阶段的最适LED组合为红:蓝:远红=3:6:1, 根长及根系活力均较对照显著增加。该研究结果为LED光源在蝴蝶兰组织培养中的应用奠定了基础。     

不同碳源对须糖多孢菌生长发育及丁烯基多杀菌素生物合成的影响

本文研究了不同碳源对须糖多孢菌生长以及丁烯基多杀菌素生物合成的影响,通过寻找优势碳源优化发酵培养基配方,促进须糖多孢菌丁烯基多杀菌素的生物合成。试验共设11个处理,1个对照,通过单因素试验比较不同处理组菌体OD600值和丁烯基多杀菌素产量,筛选获得最优碳源及其发酵培养基配方。结果表明,除可溶性淀粉和木糖外,须糖多孢菌在9种碳源中都能进行生长,对不同构型碳源显示较好的利用率。在以半乳糖、葡萄糖、果糖和甘露糖作为碳源时具有较好的生长速率,而以甘露糖为碳源时能显著促进丁烯基多杀菌素的合成。选择甘露糖最佳添加浓度为5 g/L,须糖多孢菌最高菌体浓度和丁烯基多杀菌素产量分别是初始配方条件的1. 32倍和1. 78倍,显著提高了丁烯基多杀菌素的产量。上述结果为培养基碳源对丁烯基多杀菌素生物合成影响机制的研究及丁烯基多杀菌素大规模工业化发酵生产提供了科学依据和新的技术途径。     

氮源和碳源对解淀粉芽孢杆菌Q-426抗菌脂肽合成的影响

微生物来源的环状脂肽在生物农药以及医学领域极具应用潜力。通过测量抑菌活性并利用反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC),液相质谱联用(HPLC-MS)和串联质谱(MS/MS)技术检测抗菌脂肽组分的变化研究了氮(N)源、碳(C)源和培养基中的初始pH值对解淀粉芽孢杆菌Q-426菌株中抗菌脂肽bacillomycin D和fengycins合成的影响,从而为进一步研究它们生物合成的基因调控以及更有目的性提高产量提供理论依据。结果表明:L-组氨酸、L-赖氨酸、甘油、山梨醇以及培养基中的[OH]-均能促进脂肽bacillomycin D的合成,但它们在该实验菌株抗菌脂肽bacillomycinD合成途径中的调控靶点有所不同。