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1.
During recent years a gradual decrease inallergenic airborne pollen concentration hasbeen observed in the monitoring station ofPadua (Italy). Because technical checks of thesampler were not able to explain this trend,the results obtained from two twinpollen-samplers (Lanzoni VPPS 2000), placed twometres apart, were compared.An eight-week sampling was carried out duringthe year 2000 from July to September.Subsequent analysis revealed no statisticallysignificant difference between the dataobtained with the two instruments. On the otherhand, both samplers captured high levels offungal spores. We conclude that the observednegative trend in pollen count is real and notrelated to technical biases.  相似文献   

2.
Summary Trends of the atmospheric dispersion of the pollens of Urticaceae, Poaceae, Asteraceae,Plantago, Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae, Polygonaceae, Oleaceae, Betulaceae-Corylaceae,Quercus, Castanea, and Cupressaceae-Taxaceae were studied from 1981 to 1989 in two localities (Genoa and Sanremo) about 120 km apart on the coast of Liguria in Italy. Statistical analysis revealed, in particular, and overall increase in pollen rain in Genoa during the period considered. The following observations were carried out on the pollens of greatest allergological interest: Urticaceae, a slightly increasing trend in Genoa; Poaceae, a moderately increasing trend in Sanremo; Oleaceae, almost parallel, uniform trendsin both centres. The values of this study lies in its ability to point out any increase which may occur over the years in the dispersal of certain allergenic pollens.  相似文献   

3.
Intradiurnal variation of non-arboreal pollen (NAP) aredescribed in relation to the associated weather using the data obtainedwith a Burkard trap in Mar del Plata city, for a three year data set(1988, 1992 and 1995). The daily pattern of concentration was quitehomogeneous during the years analysed except for 1995, when it showed avariation due to the change of position of the station. Qualitativecomposition of the NAP airborne pollen was mainly represented byPoaceae, Plantago and Cyperaceae during the three years. The daily trendshowed high concentrations during daylight hours, when instability andconvective movements prevail, and low concentrations in the night, whenmeteorological conditions favour the development of a stable stratifiedlayer.  相似文献   

4.
The aerobiological behaviour of Urticaceae in Trieste and the correlations with the meteorological parameters were examined. Airborne pollen was collected from 1990 to 1999 using a Hirst type spore trap (Burkard) and the data interpretation was performed according to the standard method adopted by the Italian Aeroallergen Network. The main pollen season of Urticaceae in Trieste goes from mid-April to mid-September. The highest values occur in May and June. Although different seasonal patterns are found every year, the main peak occurs on average at the beginning of May, followed by other decreasing peaks until September. Thecumulative counts vary greatly over the years, with a mean value of 18.315 p/m3. The maximum annual total pollen grains was registered in 1996 and the minimum in 1991. Spearman's correlation was used to establish the relationship between the daily pollen counts and the daily meteorological data both considering their original quantitative values and transformed values according to their day by day changes. Daily pollen concentrations present usually positive correlation with temperature, negative with rainfall and wind speed and no correlation with humidity. Better results were obtained with transformed values.  相似文献   

5.
This article presents the results of aeropalynological observations in Kiev, carried out with a gravimetric method, during January–October, 1994. The six most abundant pollen types were: Betulaceae (21%), Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae (10%), Ambrosia (10%), Artemisia (9%) Pinaceae (8%) and Poaceae (6%). Seasonal fluctuations of the atmospheric presence of tree/shrub and herb/grass pollen during the period March–September, 1993 and 1994, are also shown.  相似文献   

6.
This article presents the results of aeropalynological observations in Kiev, carried out with a gravimetric method, during January–October, 1994. The six most abundant pollen types were: Betulaceae (21%), Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae (10%), Ambrosia (10%), Artemisia (9%) Pinaceae (8%) and Poaceae (6%). Seasonal fluctuations of the atmospheric presence of tree/shurb and herb/grass pollen during the period March–September, 1993 and 1994, are also shown.  相似文献   

7.
Aerobiological sampling through volumetric pollen traps requires the use of an appropriate adhesive, whose selection is a critical factor in these studies. This study compares the differences between two adhesives that have been widely used in aerobiological studies with the aim of providing a persuasive argument for using petroleum jelly as a viable alternative to silicone diluted with the banned substance carbon tetrachloride. The study was performed using Hirst-type pollen traps in an indoor controlled environment to avoid interference attributed to outdoor meteorological parameters. Furthermore, a gravimetric study was conducted simultaneously as a control. Four different pollen types with different pollen sizes and similar flowering seasons were studied (Acer, Platanus, Quercus and Rumex). Differences between pollen traps were minimised by interchanging the drums in each pollen trap every 24 hours. Gravimetric results showed homogeneous airborne pollen distribution in the study. No statistically significant differences were found between the results for the sample adhesives for Quercus and Platanus, whereas significant differences were observed for Rumex and Acer. In the case of Acer, more pollen grains were recorded using the petroleum jelly, while for Rumex, more pollen grains were recorded with silicone. After this experiment we consider that petroleum jelly can be used as a viable alternative adhesive to the banned silicone diluted with carbon tetrachloride.  相似文献   

8.
This study aims to establish themathematical relationship between allergenicpollen in the air and clinical cases ofpollinosis (hay fever) in humans, and toevaluate the immediate effect of wind and rainon such cases. The pollen was collected inFigueres, Catalonia, Spain (42°30 Nand 3° E), through a filtration method,in the spring of 1998. Skin tests revealed thatthe antigenic taxa are Olea europaea,Plantago sp., Parietaria officinalisand Gramineae. A linear correlation –with the number of days with presence of pollenas the abscissa and the number of days withcoincidence of pollinosis as the ordinate – wasperformed. The linear correlation coefficientwas 0.9285, at the limit of a directcorrelation by two degrees of freedom.Furthermore, a negative relationship wasobserved between the number of days with rainand number of days with pollinosis, and apositive relationship between the number ofdays with fixed wind speed and number of dayswith pollinosis.  相似文献   

9.
Summary The monthly trees and shrubs pollen (AP) content of the atmosphere during a whole annual period is analyzed. Thirty airborne pollen types have been identified. Most of them come from cultivated plants flowering in late winter-early spring. Thereby the annual peak is recorded in October. The highest frequencies recorded are those ofFraxinus americana, Acer negundo, Platanus spp. andMorus nigra. A second minor peak is recorded in March, and is mainly due toCasuarina spp./Myrica spp. pollen. Aeropalynological data are discussed and correlated with phytogeographical, phenological and meteorological parameters.  相似文献   

10.
Summary The herds and weeds pollen (NAP) and spores of Buenos Aires city were collected using a Tauber trap from July 1989 to June 1990. A high NAP pollen production period was found from October to March, reaching an annual peak in October. The NAP fraction is dominated by Compositae, Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthoideae. Spores are scarce along the year and they are mainly represented by Bryophytes. From the comparison of trees and shrubs pollen content (AP), NAP and Spores fractions, three aeropalynological seasons could be described: An AP Season with dominance of trees and shrubs, from July to October; a NAP Season with dominance of herbs and weeds, from November to April, and a Spore Season from May to June.  相似文献   

11.
Relationships between weather parameters andairborne pollen loads of Pinus inBrisbane, Australia have been investigated overthe five-year period, June 1994–May 1999.Pinus pollen accounts for 4.5% of the annualairborne pollen load in Brisbane where thePinus season is confined to the winter months,July–early September. During the samplingperiod loads of 11–>100 grains m3 wererecorded on 24 days and 1–10 grains m3 on204 days. The onset and peak dates wereconsistent across each season, whereas the enddates varied. The onset of the Pinuspollen season coincided with the coolestaverage monthly temperatures (< 22°C),lowest rainfall (< 7mm), and four weeks afterdaily minimum temperatures fell to 5–9°Cin late autumn. Correlations obtained betweendaily airborne Pinus pollen counts andtemperature/rainfall parameters show thatdensities of airborne Pinus pollen arenegatively correlated with maximum temperature(p < 0.0001), minimum temperature (p < 0.0001)and rainfall (p < 0.05) during the mainpollination period. The mean duration of eachpollen season was 52 days; longer seasons wereshown to be directly related to lower averageseasonal maximum temperatures (r2 = 0.85,p = 0.025). These results signify that maximumand minimum temperatures are the majorparameters that influence the onset andduration of the Pinus pollen season inthe environs of Brisbane. Respiratory allergyis an important health issue in Brisbane,Australia, but it remains unknown whether ornot airborne Pinus pollen is acontributing factor.  相似文献   

12.
We have carried out a study on the annual and daily pollen concentrations from Gramineae over four consecutive years in the atmosphere of Granada (Spain). Samples of pollen grains were collected by the volumetric method with the aid of a Burkard sporetrap. Gramineae, according both to their high sensitizing capacity and to data from allergologists, are responsible for many pollinoses diagnosed in this area. In this work, daily pollen levels from April to July are monitored and the variations identified are interpreted in relation to meteorological conditions. Results indicated that the highest airborne concentrations of Gramineae pollen were found in May and June, although the beginning and intensity of pollination have been variable during these 4 years.  相似文献   

13.
Ambrosia pollen is known as an importantallergen in North America, and more recently in someEuropean countries. From 1989 to 1995, the Ambrosia pollen levels detected at the stationsmonitored by the Aerobiological Network of Catalonia(Xarxa Aerobiològica de Catalunya, XAC) wereinsignificant. In 1996, a considerable althoughtemporary increase in the concentration of this pollenwas detected in the atmosphere over Girona, Barcelona,Bellaterra, Manresa, and Tarragona. Most of the Ambrosia pollen collected in 1996 was concentrated ina single day. Its appearance on that day wasattributed to long range transportation, caused byunusual conditions of atmospheric circulation, fromthe Lyon region in France where the species isabundant. This is the only day where concentrations ofAmbrosia pollen that may be dangerous to humanhealth have been reached. Ambrosia coronopifolia is the most abundantspecies of the genus in Catalonia, and although rare,its expansion is favoured by the fact that it growsthrough rhizomes and sprouts easily. It is, therefore,important to monitor the growth of its population andthe release of its pollen in order to predict theappearance of pollen levels that may precipitateallergic symptoms.  相似文献   

14.
The pollen content of the air was studied from1982 to 1997 in Brussels. Fluctuations weremainly observed in the tree pollen content whilethe amount of pollen originating from herbaceousplants remained more stable during theinvestigation period.The number of allergenic tree pollen grains didnot rise steadily during this period. We noted,however, the existence of years with high pollenproduction following the physiological biorhythmof the trees. Years with high annual sums for agiven tree pollen type did not coincide withyears with high annual sums for another treepollen type. Variations in annual sums of allergenicherbaceous pollen types were less important thanthose of tree pollen types. No rise, nor cyclicpatterns were observed. The most important allergenic pollen types(Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Gramineae and Artemisia) have been presented in histograms.  相似文献   

15.
Summary The IAA Working Group of the European Aeroallergen Network has been gradually set up as result of the great interest shown on the occasion of the 3rd International Conference on Aerobiology (Basel 1986). Presently 21 countries join the EAN. The IAA Working Group, with the aim of stimulating the exchange of aeroallergen information between the various countries in Europe has planned the issue of a booklet containing information on distribution of sampling sites in Europe, collecting and analysing methods, type and availability of allergy service. The sphere of activitie carried out by the IAA Working Group may serve as a model for other parts of the world whenever a network of monitoring stations is being organized and coordinated.  相似文献   

16.
Measurements of pollen frequency were made using two identical pollen traps, one situated at ground level and one at the height of about 30 m. There was no special difference between the results for the two traps in 1995, apart from an excess of pollen in the ground level trap originatinig from trees growing near the trap. In 1996 there was also a greater amount of birch pollen, this time at the roof level. There was also a great difference in the time at which the pollen first appeared between the two years, especially in the early spring.  相似文献   

17.
The variation in airborne pollen concentrationof the Braga region (Portugal) was studied inspringtime, during the flowering of Vitisvinifera. The data set was obtained for twoconsecutive years (1999 and 2000), using aCour-type sampler.During this period, thirty-six taxa wereobserved in a total of 3,200 pollengrains m-3 of air (CPA). The main pollentypes observed were Olea, Poaceaea,nd Castanea, representing 74% of thepollen spectrum.The airborne pollen concentration (CPA) wassignificantly correlated with certainmeteorological parameters. Pollen concentrationwas positively correlated with temperature andwind direction (East and Northeast) andnegatively correlated with rainfall and numberof rainy days.  相似文献   

18.
Summary Studies on ragweed have been carried out in the province of Trieste (Northern Italy) in which it is becoming widespread. The floristic records, the increasing amount of airborne pollen monitored and the relevant skin reactivity are reported. This phenomenon, though still at the beginning, is actually showing an upward trend due to man's intervention over wider and wider areas which as a consequence become suitable for the settlement of these anthropophitic species. The aerobiological data are compared to the skin reactivities of allergic subjects.  相似文献   

19.
Alder pollen seasons and the effect of meteorological conditions on daily average pollen counts in the air of Lublin (Poland) were analysed. Alnus pollen grains reach very high concentrations in the atmosphere of this city during the early spring period and the parameters of pollen seasons were very different in the particular years studied. The pollen season lasted on average one month. The highest variation was observed for the peak value and the Seasonal Pollen Index (SPI). The pollen seasons, which started later, had shorter duration. Peak daily average pollen counts and SPI value were higher during the shorter seasons. Similarities in the stages of pollen seasons designated by the percentage method depended on the start date of the pollen season. Season parameters were mainly correlated with thermal conditions at the beginning of the year. Regression analysis was used to predict certain characteristics of the alder pollen season. The highest level of explanation of the variation in Alnus pollen season start and peak dates was obtained in the model using mean temperature in February. The obtained regression models may predict 82% of the variation in the pollen season start date, 73% of the variation in the duration, and 62% in the peak date.  相似文献   

20.
Geographical and temporal variations in the start dates of grass pollen seasons are described for selected sites of the European Pollen Information Service. Daily average grass pollen counts are derived from Network sites in Finland, the Netherlands, Denmark, United Kingdom, Austria, Italy and Spain, giving a broad longitudinal transect over Western Europe. The study is part of a larger project that also examines annual and regional variations in the severity, timing of the peak and duration of the grass pollen seasons. For several sites, data are available for over twenty years enabling long term trends to be discerned. The analyses show notable contrasts in the progression of the seasons annually with differing lag times occurring between southern and northern sites in various years depending on the weather conditions. The patterns identified provide some insight into geographical differences and temporal trends in the incidence of pollinosis. The paper discusses the main difficulties involved in this type of analysis and notes possibilities for using data from the European Pollen Information service to construct pan European predictive models for pollen seasons. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

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