共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 11 毫秒
1.
Verleih M Rebl A Köllner B Korytář T Anders E Wimmers K Goldammer T 《Molecular biology reports》2012,39(4):4291-4300
2.
Marcin Polonis Takafumi Fujimoto Stefan Dobosz Tomasz Zalewski Konrad Ocalewicz 《Journal of applied genetics》2018,59(1):91-97
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) and sea trout (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) show large karyotypic differences and their hybrid offspring is not viable due to unstable karyotype and chromosome fragmentation. However, gametes from these two species were used to induce gynogenetic development. Rainbow trout eggs activated by UV-irradiated sea trout sperm were subjected to high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) shock to prevent release of the 2nd polar body (early shock) or to inhibit the first cleavage (late shock) in order to produce diploid meiotic gynogenotes and gynogenetic doubled haploids (DHs), respectively. Cytogenetic analysis proved fish that development was induced by the sea trout spermatozoa were rainbow trout. In turn, molecular examination confirmed homozygosity of the gynogenetic DHs. Presumed appearance of the recessive alleles resulted in lower survival of the gynogenetic DH larvae (~25%) when compared to survival of the heterozygous (meiotic) gynogenotes (c. 50%). Our results proved that genomic incompatibilities between studied trout species result in the hybrid unviability. However, artificial gynogenesis including activation of rainbow trout eggs with UV-irradiated sea trout spermatozoa was successfully induced. As both species are unable to cross, application of the UV-irradiated sea trout spermatozoa to activate rainbow trout development assures only maternal inheritance with no contamination by the residues of the paternal chromosomes. 相似文献
3.
A combination of molecular and in silico approaches was employed to assemble a survey of Na, K-ATPase genes contained in the ancestrally tetraploid genome of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Molecular characterization of genomic clones coding for the subunit revealed two single genes (1a and 2) and two pairs of presumably homeologous genes (1b/i-ii and 1c/i-ii). Each of the six genes showed high sequence similarity to isoforms previously isolated from rainbow trout and extensive structural differences relative to putative orthologs in the human genome. In silico analysis of expressed sequence tag (EST) collections indicated that at least five (1a, 1b, 1c, 2, and 3) and four (1a, 1b, 2, and 3b) subunit isoforms are expressed in Atlantic salmon. Meiotic linkage analysis further showed that Na, K-ATPase genes are dispersed throughout the salmon genome, with the exception of two multigene clusters on linkage groups AS-22 and AS-28. Duplicate gene copies for the isoform 1b were assigned to linkage groups with multiple homeologous anchors (AS-22 and AS-23), while 2 duplicates suggested a new homeologous affinity between AS-05 and AS-28. In addition, the comparison of linkage arrangements with rainbow trout also showed that the genomic organization of Na, K-ATPase genes is consistent with the evolutionary conservation of syntenic chromosome regions between these species.Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at . 相似文献
4.
B. E. Allen M. L. Anderson J. A. Mee M. Coombs S. M. Rogers 《Conservation Genetics》2016,17(3):521-531
Conservation and management of endemic species may increasingly involve efforts to prevent hybridization with other species. Native westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) management in western North America is based largely on admixture estimates with introduced rainbow trout (O. mykiss), with the highest conservation priority given to cutthroat populations that do not exhibit admixture. This study examined the hypothesis that such ancestry quotients are dependent upon the genetic background of reference rainbow trout populations. We used 10 microsatellite loci to estimate admixture within westslope cutthroat trout collected from 39 sites from Alberta, Canada, using three genetically distinct (pairwise FST = 0.100–0.281) rainbow trout genetic backgrounds: a wild (introduced) population from Alberta, two wild (native) populations from British Columbia, and a present-day hatchery broodstock line. Ancestry quotients were significantly impacted by genetic background, whereby the extent of admixture was highest with locally introduced (wild, naturalized) rainbow trout lines and lowest with the hatchery lines. Our results suggest that future studies ought to explore the possibility that local adaptation or drift in introduced rainbow trout populations may contribute to decreased reproductive isolation with geographically proximal cutthroat trout populations. 相似文献
5.
6.
E. D. Pavlov E. V. Ganzha V. Yu. Ponomareva V. V. Kostin D. S. Pavlov Vo Thi Ha 《Journal of Ichthyology》2016,56(6):904-915
The effect of methyltestosterone given with feed during one and two months on the state of gonads, the level of thyroid, and sex steroid hormones in blood and on rheoreaction is studied in juvenile rainbow trout Parasalmo mykiss (=Oncorhynchus mykiss) raised under unfavorable conditions (tropics, Vietnam). In comparison with the control, in the experimental group, the part of sterile specimens was higher (83 vs. 35%), the part of males was lower (17 vs. 40%), while females and hermaphrodites were absent. At prolonged starvation (12 days), the experimental specimens demonstrated lower increase of the level of thyroid and sex steroid hormones in blood than that in the control specimens. Methyltestosterone modified the behavior of rainbow trout in water flow: delivery of the hormone in food during 1 month increased the part of fish moving against the flow and suppressed movement both upstream and downstream during 2 months. Thus, methyltestosterone negatively influences the physiological condition and adaptation capacity of rainbow trout. 相似文献
7.
Yoder JA Mueller MG Nichols KM Ristow SS Thorgaard GH Ota T Litman GW 《Immunogenetics》2002,54(9):662-670
Novel immune-type receptor ( NITR) genes that encode two extracellular immunoglobulin domains and cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs (ITIMs) have been described previously in three lineages of bony fish. In the current study, four ITIM-containing NITR cDNAs are identified in the rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss), and their expression patterns and genomic complexity are characterized. The ITIM-containing NITR2 gene maps 1.3 cM from an ITIM-containing C-type lectin receptor ( TCL-2) on linkage group XXI. A comprehensive, phylogenetic analysis of NITRs from rainbow trout and three other major lineages of bony fish defines conserved families of NITRs and suggests an ancient lineage of distinct groups of genes. Several probable scenarios that explain the origins of variant forms of NITRs are described. 相似文献
8.
M. E. Maklakova I. A. Kondratieva E. S. Mikhailova R. V. Stupin Sh. Yu. Khapchaev A. O. Kasumyan 《Journal of Ichthyology》2011,51(11):1133-1142
Effect of three- and fivefold intramuscular injections of antibiotics oxytetracyclin hydrochloride and benzylpenicillin sodium
(20 mg/kg) on immunophysiological status of juveniles of rainbow trout Parasalmo (=Oncorhynchus) mykiss (pathomorphological evaluation of internal organs, determination of the number of different types of leucocytes in the blood,
and electrophoretic investigation of protein profile of the blood serum) was investigated. It was determined that both antibiotics
cause neutropenia, removal of albumin fraction in the blood serum, and appearance of lipoid assemblages and different pathologies
of internal organs. Taste attractiveness of oxytetracyclin hydrochloride, benzylpenicillin sodium, cefazolin-akos, and neomycin
sulfate at the concentration in artificial food pellets of 1, 10, and 100 mg/ml was evaluated. It was determined that neomycin
sulfate has more preferable taste for fishes, cefazolin-akos is less attractive, and reaction of fishes to oxytetracyclin
hydrochloride and benzylpenicillin sodium depends on their concentration. The presence of two strongly different behavioral
stereotypes of testing of food taste was confirmed. 相似文献
9.
10.
Birkedal R Gesser H 《Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology》2004,174(3):255-262
In skinned rat cardiac fibres, mitochondrial affinity for endogenous ADP generated by creatine kinase and Ca2+-activated ATPases is higher than for exogenous ADP added to the surrounding medium, suggesting that mitochondria are functionally coupled to creatine kinase and ATPases. Such a coupling may be weaker or absent in ectothermic vertebrate cardiac cells, because they typically have less elaborate intracellular membrane structures, higher glycolytic capacity and lower working temperature. Therefore, we examined skinned cardiac fibres from rainbow trout at 10 °C. The apparent mitochondrial affinity for endogenous ADP was obtained by stimulation with ATP and recording of the release of ADP into the surrounding medium. The apparent affinity for endogenous ADP was much higher than for exogenous ADP suggesting a functional coupling between mitochondria and ATPases. The apparent affinity for exogenous ADP and ATP was increased by creatine or an increase in Ca2+-activity, which should increase intrafibrillar turnover of ATP to ADP. In conclusion, ADP seems to be channelled from creatine kinase and ATPases to mitochondria without being released to the surrounding medium. Thus, despite difference in structure, temperature and metabolic capacity, trout myocardium resembles that of rat with regard to the regulation of mitochondrial respiration.Abbreviations ACR acceptor control ratio - ANT adenine nucleotide translocase - KM ADP apparent mitochondrial affinity for ADP - KM ATP apparent mitochondrial affinity for ATP - LDH lactate dehydrogenase - VADP ADP-stimulated respiration rate - VADP max maximal ADP-stimulated respiration rate - VATP ATP-stimulated respiration rate - VATP max maximal ATP-stimulated respiration rate - V0 basal respiration rate in the absence of ADPCommunicated by G. Heldmaier 相似文献
11.
S. D. Pavlov A. V. Semenova G. A. Rubtsova K. I. Afanasiev 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2011,47(10):1198-1208
Genetic variation of Kamchatka rainbow trout Parasalmo (O.) mykiss was examined using 10 microsatellite DNA loci, and phylogeographic comparison with other representatives of the species across
the distribution range was performed. It was demonstrated that Kamchatka populations differed from other geographic groups
of rainbow trout in a number of microsatellite loci. These populations also displayed distinct clustering and were characterized
by lower genetic diversity. Analysis of a set of 26 different microsatellite loci (personal and literature data) demonstrated
that most of the populations within the Kamchatka region were separated from one another, characterized by marked geographic
differentiation, and affiliation to certain river basins. In Kamchatka rainbow trout, with high degree of probability, three
geographic clusters (northwestern, southwestern, and eastern) were identified. In general, analysis of microsatellite DNA
supported the data on low genetic diversity of the Kamchatka group Parasalmo (O.) mykiss, based on the variation estimates for a number of genes of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and allozyme loci. 相似文献
12.
Nitrification and Denitrification in High-Strength Ammonium by
<Emphasis Type="Italic">Alcaligenes faecalis</Emphasis> 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Alcaligenes faecalis sp. No. 4, that has the ability of heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification in high-strength ammonium at about 1200 mg-N/l, converted about one-half of removed NH
4+-N to intracellular nitrogen and nitrified only 3% of the removed NH4+. From the nitrogen balance, 40–50% of removed NH4+-N was estimated to be denitrified. Production of N2 was confirmed by GC-MS and 90% of denitrified products was N2.
The maximum ammonium removal rate, 29 mg-N/l h and its denitrification rate in aerated batch experiments, were 5–40 times higher than those of other bacteria with the same ability. 相似文献
13.
14.
Simon Roques Catherine Deborde Nadège Richard Luce Sergent Francis Kurz Sandrine Skiba-Cassy Benoît Fauconneau Annick Moing 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(12):155
Introduction
Fish feed formulations are constantly evolving to improve the quality of diets for farmed fish and to ensure the sustainability of the aquaculture sector. Nowadays, insect, microalgae and yeast are feedstuff candidates for new feeds. However, the characterization of aquafeed is still based on proximate and targeted analyses which may not be sufficient to assess feed quality.Objectives
Our aim was to highlight the soluble compounds that specifically differ between selected plant-based feeds complemented with alternative feedstuffs and discuss their origin and potential for fish nutrition.Methods
A growth trial was carried out to evaluate growth performances and feed conversion ratios of fish fed plant-based, commercial, insect, spirulina and yeast feeds. 1H NMR metabolomics profiling of each feed was performed using a CPMG sequence on polar extracts. Spectra were processed, and data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analyses to compare alternative feeds to a plant-based feed.Results
Fish fed insect or yeast feed showed the best growth performances associated with the lowest feed conversion ratios compared to plant-based feed. Soluble compound 1H NMR profiles of insect and spirulina alternative feeds differed significantly from the plant-based one that clustered with yeast feed. In insect and spirulina feeds, specific differences compared to plant-based feed concerned glycerol and 3-hydroxybutyrate, respectively.Conclusion
This strategy based on compositional differences between plant-based and alternative feeds can be useful for detecting compounds unsuspected until now that could impact fish metabolism.15.
We compared taste preferences, taste sensitivity, and behavior in testing food objects in the group of intact and two groups
of sensory deprived rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss yearlings. We demonstrated that long-term anosmia (for 9 months), as well as anosmia (for 9 months) combined with enucleation
(object vision deprivation for 4 months), does not change the taste preference of fish for the agar pellets containing amino
acids (L-alanine, L-proline, L-histidine, or glycine; 0.1 M). For all groups of fish, the threshold L-alanine concentration
in pellets that caused a significant increase in consumption is 0.01 M. We showed that sensory deprived fish change their
behavior of gustatory testing, namely, the rate of repeated snaps decreases as well as the pellet retention time in the mouth
cavity. These results demonstrate that long-term anosmia combined with a partial vision deprivation does not significantly
change the taste preferences and sensitivity in the fish that have no external taste buds. However, the observed reduction
in the testing time of food objects and other changes in fish feeding behavior may suggest some functional alterations in
the intraoral sensory systems (gustatory and/or tactile). 相似文献
16.
M. N. Melnikova S. D. Pavlov A. A. Kolesnikov N. B. Petrov 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2010,46(6):699-704
Using AP-PCR, the genome of Kamchatka mykiss (Parasalmo (O.) mykiss) was examined. Polymorphic fragments, implying geographic differences among the samples, were selected, cloned, and sequenced.
Based on these sequences, longer, specific SCAR primers were selected and constructed. Using the BLAST software program, the
sequences were analyzed for analogy to those from the GenBank database. It seemed likely that all sequences obtained belonged
to earlier unexamined repeated sequences, variable in the populations of the species of interest. A total of seven SCAR markers,
characterized by population-significant variability of the DNA products in Kamchatka geographic group of rainbow trout were
constructed. These markers can be used for further investigation of the species Parasalmo (O.) mykiss. The SCAR marker sequences were deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers EU805500 to EU805506. 相似文献
17.
Characterization of the horse (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Equus caballus</Emphasis>)<Emphasis Type="Italic"> IGHA</Emphasis> gene 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nucleotide sequences of the immunoglobulin constant heavy chain genes of the horse have been described for IGHM, IGHG and IGHE genes, but not for IGHA. Here, we provide the nucleotide sequence of the genomic IGHA gene of the horse (Equus caballus), including its secretion region and the transmembrane exon. The equine IGHA gene shows the typical structure of a mammalian IGHA gene, with only three exons, separated by two introns of similar size. The hinge exon is located at the 5 end of the CH2 exon and encodes a hinge region of 11 amino acids, which contains five proline residues. The coding nucleotide sequence of the secreted form of the equine IGHA gene shares around 72% identity with the human IGHA1 and IGHA2 genes, as well as the bovine, ovine, porcine and canine IGHA genes, without distinct preference for any of these species. The same species also cluster together in a phylogenetic tree of the IGHA coding regions of various mammals, whereas rodent, rabbit, marsupial and monotreme IGHA genes each build a separate cluster.The nucleotide sequences reported in this paper have been assigned the EMBL/GenBank accession numbers AY247966 and AY351982 相似文献
18.
The aim of this study was to determine if individual ticks among the progeny of a single female Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus tick removed from cattle under natural conditions are the result of mating with one or several males. To this end, simulations
were run using an existing dataset of genotypes from 8 microsatellite loci to predict the number of samples required and the
best locus. Subsequently, 14–22 progeny from each of 15 engorged female ticks removed from three cows, and the engorged females
themselves, were genotyped for the BmM1 locus and the minimum number of potential male parents was determined for each progeny
group. Of the 15 progeny groups, 10 must have been sired by more than one male, as indicated by the presence of five unique
alleles among the progeny or three unique alleles that could not have been contributed by the female. This finding demonstrates
multiple paternity in R. microplus. 相似文献
19.
Lima FL de Carvalho MA Apolônio AC Bemquerer MP Santoro MM Oliveira JS Alviano CS Farias Lde M 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2008,35(2):103-110
Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans P7–20 strain isolated from a periodontally diseased patient has produced a bacteriocin (named as actinomycetemcomitin) that is
active against Peptostreptococcus anaerobius ATCC 27337. Actinomycetemcomitin was produced during exponential and stationary growth phases, and its amount decreased until
it disappeared during the decline growth phase. It was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation (30–60% saturation), and
further by FPLC (mono-Q ionic exchange and Phenyl Superose hydrophobic interaction) and HPLC (C-18 reversed-phase). This bacteriocin
loses its activity after incubation at a pH below 7.0 or above 8.0, following heating for 30 min at 45°C, and after treatment
with proteolytic enzymes such as trypsin, α-chymotrypsin, and papain. Actinomycetemcomitin has a molecular mass of 20.3 KDa
and it represents a new bacteriocin from A. actinomycetemcomitans. 相似文献
20.
Junsong Pan Junyi Tan Yuhui Wang Xiangyang Zheng Ken Owens Dawei Li Yuhong Li Yiqun Weng 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2018,131(7):1577-1587