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本研究通过评价诱芯、诱捕器和诱芯组合的诱集效果,筛选出对草地贪夜蛾雄蛾诱捕效果最佳的诱芯和诱捕器组合,为草地贪夜蛾综合防控提供技术支持。诱芯优化筛选试验中,9种诱芯中编号为3-4、4-2、4-3的3种诱芯对草地贪夜蛾雄蛾诱捕效果最好,专一性强。诱捕器筛选试验中,5种市面上常见诱捕器里,桶型诱捕器是其他型诱捕器的诱捕效果2倍以上,效果最佳。诱芯筛选试验中,在使用桶型诱捕器及小夜蛾诱捕器的条件下,翔林3-3诱芯对草地贪夜蛾雄蛾的诱虫效果都为最佳。此研究为我国草地贪夜蛾的综合防治提供新途径。 相似文献
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单管黑白双光灯的诱虫效应 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
在棉田单管黑白双光灯比黑光灯诱虫量有较显著的提高,对害虫天敌昆虫的诱获量却明显比黑光灯少。本文并分析了单管黑白双光灯的诱虫原理及诱虫超过黑光灯的原因。 相似文献
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【目的】明确两种食心虫性诱芯复合配置的诱蛾效果,提高其监测或防治效率及其绿色环保化水平,为果树生产中食心虫的高效监测和绿色防控提供科学依据。【方法】田间系统调查研究了梨小食心虫(以下简称"梨小")、桃小食心虫(以下简称"桃小")单一性诱芯及其复合配置3种处理的诱蛾效率,并利用"Y"型嗅觉仪比较研究了其间梨小雄蛾趋向性的差异。【结果】(1)梨小和桃小性单一诱芯及其复合配置对梨小均具有引诱作用,其诱蛾总量依次为8 238.33、1 451.67、8 321.67头/诱捕器,其中第1、2、3代时复合配置诱蛾量最大,越冬代和第4代时梨小单一性诱芯诱蛾量最大,而各世代桃小单一性诱芯诱蛾量均最低。梨小单一性诱芯及其复合配置均监测到5个梨小发生高峰,且峰期基本一致,但复合配置的峰日诱蛾量均较高;桃小单一性诱芯仅监测到3个梨小发生高峰,且峰日诱蛾量亦较低。(2)桃小单一性诱芯及其复合配置对桃小均具有引诱作用,其诱蛾总量依次为4.00、2.33头/诱捕器,而梨小单一性诱芯对桃小无引诱作用。(3)"Y"型嗅觉仪研究发现,梨小食心虫对梨小和桃小各单一性诱芯及其复合配置均具有趋向作用,其趋向率依次为50.67%、8.67%、53.33%。【结论】梨小和桃小单一性诱芯复合配置对梨小诱捕量有微增效作用,而对桃小诱捕量有一定干扰作用,但影响均不显著。据此,该复合配置可用于桃园中梨小和桃小的监测与防控。 相似文献
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甜菜夜蛾对性信息素的行为反应及其田间诱捕效果 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
人工合成的甜菜夜蛾性信息素两组分(顺,反)-9,12-十四碳二烯醇醋酸酯(Z9,E12-14:Ac)和(顺)-9-十四碳烯醇(Z9-14:OH)按不同配比制成诱芯,在风洞中均能引起雄蛾搜索气迹、定向飞行及接近诱芯的行为反应.不同配比和剂量的诱芯诱虫效果差异显著(p<0.05).Z9,E12-14:Ac和Z9-14:OH按7:3配比,诱虫活性最高,表现在风洞中,搜索气迹、定向飞行和接近诱芯的蛾数最高,与处女蛾的引诱效果相当.以此配比制成的性诱剂在田间诱捕的虫量最多,与风洞的试验结果基本一致.诱芯剂量在0.05~0.5mg范围内均有显著的诱虫效果,但剂量过低或过高均导致诱捕率下降.同一配比诱芯在风洞中引起雄蛾接近诱芯的蛾量与田间诱蛾量呈显著相关(R1=0.968,R2=0.961).并对这些结果在甜菜夜蛾田间性诱剂防治应用的前景进行了讨论. 相似文献
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棉铃虫二种性诱芯田间诱蛾效果比较 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner)是我国最严重害虫之一。为了提高监测和诱捕效率,2009年在山西和新疆进行2种性诱芯诱捕棉铃虫的田间试验,2种性诱芯分别来自中国科学院动物研究所和北京中捷四方公司,2种诱芯处理分别重复2次和6次,诱捕器分别为水盆和笼罩。试验结果:在山西试点,动物所诱芯的诱蛾数是中捷四方公司的8.60倍;在新疆试点,则达到11.89倍。以上差异均达极显著水准(P<0.01)。同时,在山西试点,动物所诱芯的有效期长达62d,比中捷四方公司的长14d。据此认为动物所棉铃虫性诱芯值得应用推广。 相似文献
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桃小食心虫蛾的趋光性 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:16
桃小食心虫Carposlna niponensis Walsingham属鳞翅目蛀果蛾科的一种夜间活动的小蛾。文献记载该蛾虽然为夜间活动,但无趋光性。我们在室内用五种单色光(350、375、405、383、333毫微米)对枕小食心虫进行测定。结果表明该蛾不仅对上述的单色光有反应,而且对350毫微米单色光的反应比较明显。室外的实验选择在不施农药又少人为干扰的枣林,设置4个诱虫光源(20瓦黑绿灯、20瓦黑蓝灯、20瓦黑橙灯和20瓦黑光灯管),每个光源彼此间隔50米。经两年田间诱虫试验结果表明,上述4种光源都能诱到该蛾,其中以20瓦黑绿双光灯管诱蛾量为多,经显著性测定,黑绿灯诱蛾量极显著。此外,光源与诱芯或光源加诱芯的联合诱蛾实验,同样表明黑绿灯最有效。经室内外的实验结果证明桃小食心虫蛾有趋光性。 相似文献
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不同性诱剂诱芯对小菜蛾引诱效果研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
小菜蛾Plutella xylostella(L.)是我国为害最严重的蔬菜害虫之一,为提高检测和诱捕效率,2009年在广东广州、云南通海和浙江上虞3个试验点测试了5种性诱剂诱芯对小菜蛾的引诱效果,实验结果表明,广东省昆虫研究所研发的性诱剂诱芯在广东试点对小菜蛾诱捕效果最好,持效期在1个月以上,日平均诱蛾量21.3头/盆,是荷兰Koppert公司诱芯的5.3倍,适合应用于广东菜区小菜蛾田间种群的预测预报和综合控制;北京中捷四方商贸有限公司提供的性诱剂诱芯比较适合云南试点的应用,日平均诱蛾量13.6头/盆;中国科学院动物研究所研发的小菜蛾性诱剂诱芯对浙江试点小菜蛾日平均诱捕量13.6头/盆,效果最佳,适合浙江地区小菜蛾田间种群动态的预测预报及综合防控。 相似文献
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Monitoring oriental fruit moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) with sticky traps baited with terpinyl acetate and sex pheromone 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
L. Cichon E. Fuentes‐Contreras S. Garrido J. Lago W. Barros‐Parada E. Basoalto R. Hilton A. Knight 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2013,137(4):275-281
Studies in Argentina and Chile during 2010–2011 evaluated a new trap (Ajar) for monitoring the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck). The Ajar trap was delta‐shaped with a jar filled with a terpinyl acetate plus brown sugar bait attached to the bottom centre of the trap. The screened lid of the jar was inserted inside the trap, and moths were caught on a sticky insert surrounding the lid. The Ajar trap was evaluated with and without the addition of a sex pheromone lure and compared with delta traps left unbaited or baited with a sex pheromone lure and a bucket trap filled with the same liquid bait. Studies were conducted in a sex pheromone‐treated orchard in Argentina and an untreated orchard in Chile. In Chile, the Ajar trap without the sex pheromone lure caught significantly fewer males, females and total moths than the bucket trap, and fewer males and more females than the sex pheromone‐baited delta trap. Total moth catch did not differ between the Ajar trap without a sex pheromone lure and the sex pheromone‐baited trap. Adding a sex pheromone lure to the Ajar trap significantly increased total moth catches to levels not different from those in the bucket trap. However, the Ajar trap with the sex pheromone lure caught significantly more males and fewer females than the bucket trap. In Argentina, the Ajar trap with or without the addition of a sex pheromone lure caught similar numbers of both sexes and total moths as the bucket trap. The sex pheromone‐baited delta trap caught <4% of the number of moths as these three traps. The bucket trap in both studies caught significantly more non‐targets than the delta and Ajar traps. Moth catches in the Ajar trap declined significantly after 2–3 weeks when the bait was not replaced. 相似文献
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利用性诱剂调查江苏无锡地区三个水蜜桃Prunus persica种植区梨小食心虫Gtapholitha molesta成虫的年发生动态,并比较不同时间挂放诱芯的诱集效果。结果表明,在无锡地区,梨小食心虫年发生5代,部分发育较快的五代幼虫在越冬前发育为成虫,但因无法找到合适的产卵场所而成为无效虫口。越冬代成虫和一代成虫发生较为整齐,可以使用性诱剂集中诱杀,但从二代成虫开始,发生呈现多个高峰,田间世代重叠明显。对梨小食心虫的性诱剂防治试验表明,在无锡地区,需高密度放置诱芯并2周更换1次诱芯方能达到防治效果。 相似文献
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Development of 2‐phenylethanol plus acetic acid lures to monitor obliquebanded leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) under mating disruption 下载免费PDF全文
A. L. Knight A. M. El‐Sayed G. J. R. Judd E. Basoalto 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2017,141(9):729-739
We evaluated the effectiveness of 2‐phenylethanol (PET) in combination with acetic acid (AA) as a binary lure for monitoring male and female obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris). Studies were conducted in apple, Malus domestica Borkhausen, orchards treated with or without sex pheromone dispensers for mating disruption (MD). Open polypropylene vials, closed membrane cups, and rubber septa loaded with AA and/or PET in varying amounts were first evaluated in a series of trapping experiments. Membrane cups loaded with 800 mg of PET were as effective as 10‐mg septa, but longer lasting, and were comparable to the open vials. A membrane cup AA lure was effective in tests, but further work is needed to increase its release rate and extend its activity. Catches of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), and C. rosaceana were unaffected by combining PET with (E,E)‐8,10‐dodecadien‐1‐ol, the sex pheromone of codling moth, pear ester, (E,Z)‐2,4‐ethyl‐decadienoate and AA lures. Adding (E)‐4,8‐dimethyl‐1,3,7‐nonatriene to this blend to enhance codling moth catch significantly reduced catches of C. rosaceana. PET + AA was a more attractive binary lure than AA plus phenylacetonitrile (PAN) for C. rosaceana. The addition of PET or PAN to traps already baited with the sex pheromone of C. rosaceana significantly reduced male catches. Traps baited with PET + AA placed in blocks not treated with MD caught significantly fewer C. rosaceana than traps baited with sex pheromone. In comparison, sex pheromone‐baited traps in MD blocks caught ≤1 male moth per season which was significantly lower than total moth (>10) or female moth (≥3) catch in these blocks with PET + AA. A high proportion (>70%) of trapped females were mated in both untreated and MD‐treated orchards. Further refinement of this binary, bisexual lure using membrane cup technology may allow the establishment of action thresholds and improve management timings for C. rosaceana. 相似文献
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在河南省洛宁县小麦田夜间用黑光灯诱集麦红吸浆虫Sitodiplosis mosellana(Gehin)成虫,结果表明黑光灯对麦红吸浆虫成虫有极强的吸引作用,2010年4月30日至2010年5月19日之间日累计灯诱数量在9~5661头之间。5月7日是麦红吸浆虫发生的最高峰,当晚从20:00-23:30累计灯诱数量多达5661头;20:00以前天未完全黑,麦红吸浆虫成虫对黑光灯灯光不太敏感,灯诱数量较少;21:00-21:30时间段是麦红吸浆虫成虫夜间灯诱的高峰期,监测期间该时间段累计灯诱4134头;22:30以后吸浆虫活动显著减少。每晚灯诱数量与当日田间黄色粘板捕捉数量、网捕数量具有显著的相关关系,诱集到的红吸浆虫性比偏向雌性,表明黑光灯可以用作麦红吸浆虫成虫的监测工具。 相似文献
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Alan L. Knight Valentina Mujica Sebastian Larsson Herrera Marco Tasin 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2019,143(9):942-947
Monitoring adult codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), is a crucial component in implementing effective integrated management programmes in apple, Malus domestica Borkhausen. Use of sex pheromone lures to track male populations has been the traditional approach, but their use in orchards treated with sex pheromone for mating disruption (MD) has been problematic. Development of kairomone and kairomone–pheromone combination lures has allowed the catch of female moths and has benefited several aspects of codling moth management through improved spray timings and action thresholds. Recently, a new four‐component volatile blend (4‐K) comprised of pear ester, (E,Z)‐2,4‐ethyl decadienoate (PE), (E)‐11 4,8‐dimethyl‐1,3,7‐nonatriene, all isomers of pyranoid linalool oxide and acetic acid (AA) has been characterized that has increased female moth catch threefold versus any previous blend. Field trapping studies were conducted to compare moth catches in traps baited with 4‐K versus the use of sex pheromone, (E,E)‐8,10‐dodecadien‐1‐ol (PH) in combination with PE and AA. Trials were conducted in orchards left either untreated, or treated with PH or PH + PE. Traps baited with 4‐K and 4‐K + PH lures caught significantly more females than traps baited with PH + PE + AA lures. Traps baited with 4‐K + PH lures caught significantly more total moths than traps baited with PH + PE + AA lures in all three orchards. Adding a PH lure to traps with the 4‐K lure did not affect female catch, but significantly increased male and total moth catches. These studies demonstrate that codling moth can be trapped effectively in apple under MD without the use of sex pheromone lures. The significant increase in female codling moth catch with the 4‐K lure suggests that efforts to improve spray timings and action threshold determinations as well as mass trapping might be enhanced with this new lure. 相似文献
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Improved monitoring of oriental fruit moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) with terpinyl acetate plus acetic acid membrane lures 下载免费PDF全文
Valentina Mujica Michele Preti Esteban Basoalto Liliana Cichon Eduardo Fuentes‐Contreras Wilson Barros‐Parada Greg Krawczyk Marcelo Z. Nunes Jim F. Walgenbach Randy Hansen Alan L. Knight 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2018,142(8):731-744
Male and female moth catches of Grapholita molesta (Busck) in traps were evaluated in stone and pome fruit orchards untreated or treated with sex pheromones for mating disruption in Uruguay, Argentina, Chile, USA, and Italy from 2015 to 2017. Trials evaluated various blends loaded into either membrane cup lures or septa. Membrane lures were loaded with terpinyl acetate (TA), acetic acid (AA) and (Z)‐3‐hexenyl acetate alone or in combinations. Two septa lures were loaded with either the three‐component sex pheromone blend for G. molesta alone or in combination with codlemone (2‐PH), the sex pheromone of Cydia pomonella (L). A third septum lure included the combination sex pheromone blend plus pear ester, (E,Z)‐2,4‐ethyl decadienoate (2‐PH/PE), and a fourth septum was loaded with only β‐ocimene. Results were consistent across geographical areas showing that the addition of β‐ocimene or (Z)‐3‐hexenyl acetate did not increase moth catches. The addition of pear ester to the sex pheromone lure marginally increased moth catches. The use of TA and AA together significantly increased moth catches compared with the use of only one of the two components. Traps with the TA/AA lure outperformed the Ajar trap baited with a liquid TA plus sugar bait. The emission rate of AA was not a significant factor affecting the performance of the TA/AA lure. The addition of TA/AA significantly increased moth catches when combined with the 2‐PH lure. The TA/AA lure also allowed traps to catch both sexes. Catch of C. pomonella with the 2‐PH lure was comparable to the use of codlemone; however, moth catch was significantly reduced with the 2‐PH/PE lure. Optimization of these complex lures can likely further improve managers’ ability to monitor G. molesta and help to develop multispecies tortricid lures for use in individual traps. 相似文献
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日龄和交配状态对二化螟雄蛾内生殖器特征的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
【目的】性信息素群集诱杀应用于二化螟Chilo suppressalis测报和防治。本研究旨在明确性信息素群集诱杀二化螟的机理及诱集雄蛾的交配状态。【方法】利用行为学和生殖器解剖技术,研究不同日龄和交配状态二化螟雄蛾内生殖器特征,并将其与田间性信息素诱集获得的雄蛾进行比较。【结果】二化螟雄蛾单射精管非角质化区可分为7段;生殖器内含物主要为白色,紧实程度可以分为5级(0-4级),存在充满和未充满生殖器两种状态。随着日龄增加,雄蛾附腺以及第3和4段非角质化区内含物等级降低,第5和7段非角质化区内含物未充满比例升高,内含物为白色的比例下降。交配后1 h之内二化螟雄蛾第5和7段非角质化区和复射精管内含物等级显著低于未交配雄蛾,而第1-4段非角质化区内含物等级显著高于未交配雄蛾。交配后24 h,所有内含物等级和未交配雄蛾无显著差异;交配后36 h,第5和7段非角质化区内含物未充满比例高于未交配雄蛾。性信息素诱集和未诱集雄蛾生殖器内含物等级无显著差异。田间性信息素诱集雄蛾附腺端半部内含物等级显著高于2-6日龄未交配二化螟,第3和4段非角质化区内含物等级显著低于刚羽化(0日龄)雄蛾。【结论】本研究结果表明,利用生殖器内含物特征可以区别交配后12 h内的已交配和未交配二化螟雄蛾,性信息素群集诱杀的可能大部分是羽化1 d的未交配雄蛾。本研究结果为二化螟雄蛾交配状态判定和蛾类害虫性信息素测报和防治的有效性提供了一定依据。 相似文献
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Traps baited with ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate (pear ester) or (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT) in two- or three-way combinations with the sex pheromone (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (codlemone) and acetic acid (AA) were evaluated for codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.). All studies were conducted in apple orchards, Malus domestica Borkhausen, treated with sex pheromone dispensers during 2010. Septa were loaded with codlemone, DMNT, and pear ester individually or codlemone with either DMNT or pear ester together (combo lures). Polyethylene vials loaded with AA were added as a co-lure. Residual analyses of field-aged combo lures and weight loss of the AA co-lure were conducted. AA vials lost 50-150 mg wk(-1). Weekly weight loss was not affected by field aging, but was closely correlated with the daily mean temperature. Pear ester was released from septa at a slightly higher but nonsignificant rate than codlemone. DMNT was released at a significantly higher rate than codlemone, and lures were effective for 4 wk. The addition of codlemone to traps baited with either host plant volatile plus AA had either no effect or significantly increased total moth catches. The addition of AA significantly increased the catch of female moths with either combo lure. Total moth catches in traps baited with pear ester or DMNT combo lures and AA did not differ and were either significantly higher or similar to the pear ester combo lure. These data suggest that codling moth may be more effectively monitored in sex pheromone-treated orchards with multi-component lures, including codlemone, AA, and host plant volatiles. 相似文献