共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Matthew W. Blair Juliana I. Medina Carolina Astudillo Judith Rengifo Steve E. Beebe Gloria Machado Robin Graham 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2010,121(6):1059-1070
Iron and zinc deficiencies are human health problems found throughout the world and biofortification is a plant breeding-based
strategy to improve the staple crops that could address these dietary constraints. Common bean is an important legume crop
with two major genepools that has been the focus of genetic improvement for seed micronutrient levels. The objective of this
study was to evaluate the inheritance of seed iron and zinc concentrations and contents in an intra-genepool Mesoamerican × Mesoamerican
recombinant inbred line population grown over three sites in Colombia and to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for each
mineral. The population had 110 lines and was derived from a high-seed iron and zinc climbing bean genotype (G14519) crossed
with a low-mineral Carioca-type, prostrate bush bean genotype (G4825). The genetic map for QTL analysis was created from SSR
and RAPD markers covering all 11 chromosomes of the common bean genome. A set of across-site, overlapping iron and zinc QTL
was discovered on linkage group b06 suggesting a possibly pleiotropic locus and common physiology for mineral uptake or loading.
Other QTL for mineral concentration or content were found on linkage groups b02, b03, b04, b07, b08 and b11 and together with
the b06 cluster were mostly novel compared to loci found in previous studies of the Andean genepool or inter-genepool crosses.
The discovery of an important new locus for seed iron and zinc concentrations may facilitate crop improvement and biofortification
using the high-mineral genotype especially within the Mesoamerican genepool. 相似文献
2.
Gina Viviana Caldas Matthew W. Blair 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,119(1):131-142
Condensed tannins are major flavonoid end products that affect the nutritional quality of many legume seeds. They chelate
minerals and interact with proteins, thus reducing their bioavailability. Tannins also contribute to seed coat color and pigment
distribution or intensity. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between quantitative trait loci (QTL)
for seed tannin concentration in common bean and Mendelian genes for seed coat color and pattern. Three populations of recombinant
inbred lines, derived from crosses between the Andean and Mesoamerican genepools were used for QTL identification and for
mapping STS markers associated with seed color loci. Seed coat condensed tannins were determined with a butanol–HCl method
and a total of 12 QTL were identified on separate linkage groups (LGs) in each of the populations with individual QTL explaining
from 10 to 64% of the phenotypic variation for this trait. Loci on linkage groups B3 and B10 were associated with the Mendelian
genes Z and Bip for partly colored seed coat pattern, while a QTL on linkage group B7 was associated with the P gene which is the primary locus for the control of color expression in beans. In conclusion, this study found that the inheritance
of tannin concentration fits an oligogenic model and identifies novel putative alleles at seed coat color and pattern genes
that control tannin accumulation. The results will be important for the genetic improvement of nutritionally enhanced or biofortified
beans that have health promoting effects from higher polyphenolics or better iron bioavailability. 相似文献
3.
Renuka P. Sankaran Thierry Huguet Michael A. Grusak 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,119(2):241-253
Increasing the amount of bioavailable micronutrients such as iron and zinc in plant foods for human consumption is an international
goal, intended especially for developing countries where micronutrient deficiencies are an ongoing health risk. Legume seeds
have the potential to provide the essential nutrients required by humans, but concentrations of several minerals are low when
compared to other foods. In order to increase seed mineral concentrations, it is important to understand the genes and processes
involved in mineral distribution within the plant. The main objectives of this study were to use a Medicago truncatula recombinant inbred population (Jemalong-6 × DZA 315.16) to determine loci governing seed mineral concentrations, seed mineral
content, and average seed weight, and to use these loci to propose candidate genes whose expression might contribute to these
traits. Ninety-three lines in 2004 and 169 lines in 2006 were grown for seed harvest and subsequent analysis of seed Ca, Cu,
Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, and Zn concentrations and content. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) cartographer was used to identify QTL using
composite interval mapping (CIM). CIM identified 46 QTL for seed mineral concentration, 26 for seed mineral content, and 3
for average seed weight. At least one QTL was detected for each mineral trait, and colocation of QTL for several minerals
was found in both years. Results comparing seed weight with seed mineral concentration and content QTL demonstrate that seed
size can be an important determinant of seed mineral concentration. The identification, in this model legume, of transgressive
segregation for nearly all the minerals suggests that allelic recombination of relevant mineral-related genes in agronomic
legumes could be a successful strategy to increase seed mineral concentrations above current levels.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
4.
Blair MW Izquierdo P 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2012,125(5):1015-1031
Iron deficiency anemia and zinc deficiency are major health concerns across the world and can be addressed by biofortification breeding of higher mineral concentration in staple crops, such as common bean. Wild common beans have for the most part had higher average seed mineral concentration than cultivars of this species but have small un-commercial seeds. A logical approach for the transfer of the seed mineral trait from wild beans to cultivated beans is through the advanced backcross breeding approach. The goal of this study was to analyze a population of 138 BC(2)F(3:5) introgression lines derived from the very high iron wild genotype G10022 backcrossed into the genetic background of the commercial-type variety 'Cerinza', a large-red seeded bush bean cultivar of the Andean genepool. In addition to measuring seed mineral accumulation traits and the quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling these traits we were interested in simultaneously testing the adaptation of the introgression lines in two replicated yield trials. We found the cross to have high polymorphism and constructed an anchored microsatellite map for the population that was 1,554-cM long and covered all 11 linkage groups of the common bean genome. Through composite interval mapping (CIM) and single point analysis (SPA), we identified associations of markers and mineral traits on b01, b06, b07, b08, b10 and b11 for seed iron concentration, and markers on b01, b04 and b10 for seed zinc concentration. The b07 and b08 QTL aligned with previous QTL for iron concentration. A large number of QTL were found for seed weight (9 with CIM and 36 with SPA analysis) and correlations between seed size and mineral content affected the identification of iron and zinc contents' QTL on many linkage groups. Segregation distortion around domestication genes made some areas difficult to introgress. However, in conclusion, the advanced backcross program produced some introgression lines with high mineral accumulation traits using a wild donor parent. 相似文献
5.
Yan Zhang Xia Li Wei Chen Bin Yi Jing Wen Jinxiong Shen Chaozhi Ma Baoyuan Chen Jinxing Tu Tingdong Fu 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2011,28(3):335-342
Yellow seed color, which results from a thinner seed coat, is associated with improved feed quality of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) meal and increased oil and protein content. As this trait follows various genetic models under different genetic backgrounds,
a study was performed in two genetic backgrounds to gain a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying yellow
seed color. The quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was undertaken using two crosses, Quantum ×No. 2127-17 (HZ-1) and
No. 2127-17 × 94,570 (HZ-2). In the HZ-1 population, three putative QTL were detected in linkage groups N18, N5, and N3, respectively.
For all of them, yellow seed color arose from the No. 2127-17 alleles. Of these QTL, the one in linkage group N18 (Bnsc-18a) explained more than half of the phenotypic variation. In the HZ-2 population, three QTL were found in linkage groups N9,
N18, and N8, respectively. Of these QTL, that in linkage group N9 (Bnsc-9a) explained more than half of the phenotypic variation, whereas the QTL Bnsc-18a had a low seed color value and explained only 9.03–11.72% of the phenotypic variation. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) of
the extremes of a BC1 population derived from the cross of No. 2127-17 × 94,570 (HZ-3) identified one major gene that was
identical with the QTL Bnsc-9a detected in the HZ-2 population. The QTL Bnsc-18a was common in the HZ-1 and HZ-2 populations, and the others were population-specific. These results suggested that different
black-seeded forms had different seed color genes. 相似文献
6.
Blair MW Astudillo C Rengifo J Beebe SE Graham R 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,122(3):511-521
Legumes provide essential micronutrients that are found only in low amounts in the cereals or root crops. An ongoing project at CIAT has shown that the legume common bean is variable in the amount of seed minerals (iron, zinc, and other elements), vitamins, and sulfur amino acids that they contain and that these traits are likely to be inherited quantitatively. In this study we analyzed iron and zinc concentrations in an Andean recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of 100 lines derived from a cross between G21242, a Colombian cream-mottled climbing bean with high seed iron/zinc and G21078, an Argentinean cream seeded climbing bean with low seed iron/zinc. The population was planted across three environments; seed from each genotype was analyzed with two analytical methods, and quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected using composite interval mapping and single-point analyses. A complete genetic map was created for the cross using a total of 74 microsatellite markers to anchor the map to previously published reference maps and 42 RAPD markers. In total, nine seed mineral QTL were identified on five linkage groups (LGs) with the most important being new loci on b02 and other QTL on b06, b08, and b07 near phaseolin. Seed weight QTL were associated with these on b02 and b08. These Andean-derived QTL are candidates for marker-assisted selection either in combination with QTL from the Mesoamerican genepool or with other QTL found in inter and intra-genepool crosses, and the genetic map can be used to anchor other intra-genepool studies. 相似文献
7.
C. A. Morris C. D. K. Bottema N. G. Cullen S. M. Hickey S. O. Knowles W. S. Pitchford 《Animal genetics》2013,44(4):361-368
A quantitative trait locus (QTL) study of the concentrations of 14 trace and macro elements (minerals) in tissues of beef cattle was conducted in New Zealand. Back‐cross calves with Jersey and Limousin ancestry (202 heifers and 211 steers) were generated using first‐cross sires. This paper reports on testing for effects of QTL on the concentrations of minerals in liver, kidney and muscle in cattle at slaughter, following a growth phase during which rearing and finishing stages were on pasture. Fifteen QTL were identified (P < 0.05) on a genome‐wide basis in combined‐sire and within‐sire analyses. In addition, the possible effect of the Limousin myostatin F94L allele was tested by fitting each calf's myostatin genotype, and 16 QTL were identified. Twelve were in common with those QTL identified previously, comprising six affecting the liver (copper and zinc, on two chromosomes each; plus iron and molybdenum), three affecting the kidney (calcium, copper and iron), and three affecting muscle (iron, strontium and zinc). 相似文献
8.
Sanyal A Randal Linder C 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2012,124(4):723-738
Fatty acid composition is an important determinant of seed oil quality. Overall, 72 QTL for 12 fatty acid traits that control
seed oil composition were identified in four recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations (Ler-0 × Sha, Ler-0 × Col-4, Ler-2 × Cvi, Ler-0 × No-0) of Arabidopsis thaliana. The identified QTL explained 3.2–79.8% of the phenotypic variance; 33 of the 59 QTL identified in the Ler-0 × Sha and the Ler-0 × Col RIL populations co-located with several a priori candidate genes for seed oil composition. QTL for fatty acids 18:1,
18:2, 22:1, and fatty acids synthesized in plastids was identified in both Ler-0 × Sha and Ler-0 × Col-4 RIL populations, and QTL for 16:0 was identified in the Ler-0 × Sha and Ler-0 × No-0 RIL populations providing strong support for the importance of these QTL in determining seed oil composition. We
identified melting point QTL in three RIL populations, and fatty acid QTL collocated with two of them, suggesting that the
loci could be under selection for altering the melting point of seed oils to enhance adaptation and could be useful for breeding
purposes. Nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions and epistasis were rare. Analysis of the genetic correlations between these loci
and other fatty acids indicated that these correlations would tend to strongly enhance selection for desirable fatty acids. 相似文献
9.
Blair MW Iriarte G Beebe S 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,112(6):1149-1163
Advanced backcross QTL analysis was used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for agronomic performance in a population
of BC2F3:5 introgression lines created from the cross of a Colombian large red-seeded commercial cultivar, ICA Cerinza, and a wild common
bean accession, G24404. A total of 157 lines were evaluated for phenological traits, plant architecture, seed weight, yield
and yield components in replicated trials in three environments in Colombia and genotyped with microsatellite, SCAR, and phaseolin
markers that were used to create a genetic map that covered all 11 linkage groups of the common bean genome with markers spaced
at an average distance of every 10.4 cM. Segregation distortion was most significant in regions orthologous for a seed coat
color locus (R-C) on linkage group b08 and two domestication syndrome genes, one on linkage group b01 at the determinacy (fin) locus and the other on linkage group b02 at the seed-shattering (st) locus. Composite interval mapping analysis identified a total of 41 significant QTL for the eight traits measured of which
five for seed weight, two for days to flowering, and one for yield were consistent across two or more environments. QTL were
located on every linkage group with b06 showing the greatest number of independent loci. A total of 13 QTL for plant height,
yield and yield components along with a single QTL for seed size showed positive alleles from the wild parent while the remaining
QTL showed positive alleles from the cultivated parent. Some QTL co-localized with regions that had previously been described
to be important for these traits. Compensation was observed between greater pod and seed production and smaller seed size
and may have resulted from QTL for these traits being linked or pleiotropic. Although wild beans have been used before to
transfer biotic stress resistance traits, this study is the first to attempt to simultaneously obtain a higher yield potential
from wild beans and to analyze this trait with single-copy markers. The wild accession was notable for being from a unique
center of diversity and for contributing positive alleles for yield and other traits to the introgression lines showing the
potential that advanced backcrossing has in common bean improvement. 相似文献
10.
Matthew W. Blair Andrea Lorena Herrera Tito Alejandro Sandoval Gina Viviana Caldas Marizia Filleppi Francesca Sparvoli 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2012,30(3):1265-1277
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important, high-quality staple food that provides large amounts of protein and mineral micronutrients to the diets of people in many countries. Phytates are a storage form of organic phosphorus which is used by the plant in various stages of growth and development but can have certain anti-nutrient properties due to chelation of minerals such as iron and zinc. At the same time, phytates provide certain health benefits and therefore are the subject of both mutagenesis and breeding programs for functional foods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with seed phytate and seed phosphorus concentration and content on a per-seed basis and to develop functional molecular markers for genes from the phytic acid synthesis pathway. We used a well-characterized mapping population, DOR364?×?G19833, in three field experiments with three repetitions each and two levels of soil phosphorus fertilization, as well as a large set of previously and newly developed primer pairs for the genes myo-inositol (3)P1 synthase, myo-inositol kinase and various inositol kinases. We identified an association of phytate concentration QTL with one of two paralogs of the myo-inositol (3)P1 synthase gene family, located on linkage group b01 and expressed in common bean seed rather than in vegetative tissues. We also identified QTL for phytate concentration on linkage group b06 and phytate content on linkage groups b03, b04 and b10. We provide a synteny analysis based on common bean versus soybean genome comparisons of all the phytic acid pathway genes that were genetically mapped and indicate flanking markers that can be used for marker-assisted selection when the genes themselves are not polymorphic as PCR amplicons. We can conclude that natural variability in phytate levels is controlled by the seed-expressed myo-inositol (3)P1 synthase gene (MIPS) as well as other loci in the common bean genome. This means that breeding of phytate levels in common bean must take into account allele variability at certain candidate genes, such as this seed MIPS gene, a recently cloned ABC trasnporter and additional QTL for the trait, which underlie the oligogenic inheritance for phytate concentration in common bean. 相似文献
11.
Oscar E. Checa Matthew W. Blair 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2008,22(2):201-215
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varies in growth habit from aggressive climbing types to bush beans. Growth habit is determined by a combination of factors
including determinate versus indeterminate growth, total plant height, degree of branching and internode length. Together
these factors make up climbing ability. The objective of this research was to determine the quantitative trait loci (QTL)
controlling climbing ability in a F5:8 recombinant inbred line population derived from an inter-gene pool cross of an aggressive indeterminate climbing bean with
type IV growth habit (G2333) by an indeterminate bush bean of type IIb growth habit (G19839). The population was planted in
four randomized complete block design experiments across environments that varied in altitude (from 1,000 to 1,750 masl) and
soil fertility (low versus high phosphorus). QTL were identified for plant height, internode length and number of branches
per plant on a genetic map covering all common bean linkage groups with a total length of 1,175 cM. In addition a scale was
developed to evaluate overall climbing ability and was also used to identify QTL. A total of 7 QTL were found for plant height,
9 for climbing ability, 6 for internode length and 1 for branch number. The largest number and most significant QTL were found
on the lower half of linkage group B04 suggesting a major pleiotropic locus for growth habit traits at this location of the
genome that is distinct from previously characterized genes which control plant morphology of the crop. 相似文献
12.
Matthew W Blair Sharon JB Knewtson Carolina Astudillo Chee-Ming Li Andrea C Fernandez Michael A Grusak 《BMC plant biology》2010,10(1):215
Background
Iron deficiency anemia is a global problem which often affects women and children of developing countries. Strategy I plants, such as common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) take up iron through a process that involves an iron reduction mechanism in their roots; this reduction is required to convert ferric iron to ferrous iron. Root absorbed iron is critical for the iron nutrition of the plant, and for the delivery of iron to the shoot and ultimately the seeds. The objectives of this study were to determine the variability and inheritance for iron reductase activity in a range of genotypes and in a low × high seed iron cross (DOR364 × G19833), to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for this trait, and to assess possible associations with seed iron levels. 相似文献13.
Increased concentrations of important nutrients in edible parts of plants could result in biofortified foods. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a major legume crop and an important source of certain nutrients, including protein and minerals, in human and animal diets. Understanding the underlying genetic basis of seed composition is crucial to improving seed nutrient composition. In this study we used three soybean recombinant inbred line mapping populations derived from the crosses Williams 82 × DSR-173, Williams 82 × NKS19-90 and Williams 82 × Vinton 81, and constructed a joint linkage map from these populations. Forty quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected for 18 traits: seed weight, seed magnesium, sulfur, calcium, manganese, potassium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, selenium, molybdenum, cadmium and arsenic concentrations, total nitrogen:total sulfur (N:S) ratio, cysteine and methionine concentrations. Using the joint linkage map, we detected nine QTLs that were not identified in the individual populations. We identified several candidate genes that might contribute to these traits, including transporters and genes involved in nitrogen and amino acid metabolism. Some strong QTLs had no obvious candidate genes, offering the possibility that subsequent confirmation of these QTLs may result in identification of new genes affecting seed nutrients in soybean. Seed weight and seed mineral concentrations were not highly correlated, suggesting the possibility of improving seed mineral concentrations without significant changes in seed weight. An inverse relationship between N:S ratio and most other minerals suggests the possibility of using N:S ratio as an indirect measure of seed mineral concentration in soybean breeding programs. 相似文献
14.
Analysis of the genetic architecture of maize kernel size traits by combined linkage and association mapping 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Min Liu Xiaolong Tan Yan Yang Peng Liu Xiaoxiang Zhang Yinchao Zhang Lei Wang Yu Hu Langlang Ma Zhaoling Li Yanling Zhang Chaoying Zou Haijian Lin Shibin Gao Michael Lee Thomas Lübberstedt Guangtang Pan Yaou Shen 《Plant biotechnology journal》2020,18(1):207-221
Kernel size‐related traits are the most direct traits correlating with grain yield. The genetic basis of three kernel traits of maize, kernel length (KL), kernel width (KW) and kernel thickness (KT), was investigated in an association panel and a biparental population. A total of 21 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected to be most significantly (P < 2.25 × 10?6) associated with these three traits in the association panel under four environments. Furthermore, 50 quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling these traits were detected in seven environments in the intermated B73 × Mo17 (IBM) Syn10 doubled haploid (DH) population, of which eight were repetitively identified in at least three environments. Combining the two mapping populations revealed that 56 SNPs (P < 1 × 10?3) fell within 18 of the QTL confidence intervals. According to the top significant SNPs, stable‐effect SNPs and the co‐localized SNPs by association analysis and linkage mapping, a total of 73 candidate genes were identified, regulating seed development. Additionally, seven miRNAs were found to situate within the linkage disequilibrium (LD) regions of the co‐localized SNPs, of which zma‐miR164e was demonstrated to cleave the mRNAs of Arabidopsis CUC1, CUC2 and NAC6 in vitro. Overexpression of zma‐miR164e resulted in the down‐regulation of these genes above and the failure of seed formation in Arabidopsis pods, with the increased branch number. These findings provide insights into the mechanism of seed development and the improvement of molecular marker‐assisted selection (MAS) for high‐yield breeding in maize. 相似文献
15.
Dynamic QTL analysis of linolenic acid content in different developmental stages of soybean seed 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Han Y Xie D Teng W Zhang S Chang W Li W 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,122(8):1481-1488
Linolenic acid (LN) in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) seed mainly contributes to the undesirable odors and flavors commonly associated with poor oil quality. LN deposition
at various stages of soybean seed development had not been reported by 2010. The objects of this study were (1) to identify
and measure quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying LN content and (2) to estimate the QTL effects expressed from earlier
seed developmental stages to drying seed of soybean. One hundred and twenty-five F5:8 and F5:9 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of soybean cultivars ‘Hefeng 25’ and ‘Dongnong L5’ were used for the identification
of QTL underlying LN content from the 37 day (D) to 86D stages after flowering, at Harbin in 2008 and 2009. QTL × Environment
interactions (QE) effects were evaluated using a mixed genetic model (Zhu in J Zhejiang Univ (Natural Science) 33:327–335,
1999). Twelve unconditional QTL and 12 conditional QTL associated with LN content were identified at different developmental stages.
Most of the QTL explained <10% of phenotypic variation of LN content. Unconditional QTL QLNF-1, QLNC2-1, QLND1b-1, QLNA2-1
and QLNH-1 influenced LN content across different development stages and environments. Conditional QTL QLNF-1, QLNC2-1 and
QLNH-1 were identified in multiple developmental stages and environments. Conditional and unconditional QTL clustered in neighboring
intervals on linkage groups A2, C2 and D1b. Ten QTL with conditional additive main effects (a) and/or conditional additive × environment interaction effects (ae) at specific developmental stage were identified on nine linkage groups. Of them, six QTL only possessed additive main effects
and seven QTL had significant ae effects in different developmental stages. A total of 13 epistatic pairwise QTL were identified by conditional mapping in
different developmental stages. Two pairs of QTL only showed aa effects and five pairs of QTL only showed aae effects at different developmental stages. QTL with aa effects, as well as their environmental interaction effects, appeared to vary at different developmental stages. 相似文献
16.
Quantitative trait locus mapping for seed mineral concentrations in two Arabidopsis thaliana recombinant inbred populations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Biofortification of foods, achieved by increasing the concentrations of minerals such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), is a goal of plant scientists. Understanding genes that influence seed mineral concentration in a model plant such as Arabidopsis could help in the development of nutritionally enhanced crop cultivars. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping for seed concentrations of calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), Fe, potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and Zn was performed using two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations, Columbia (Col) x Landsberg erecta (Ler) and Cape Verde Islands (Cvi) x Ler, grown on multiple occasions. QTL mapping was also performed using data from silique hulls and the ratio of seed:hull mineral concentration of the Cvi x Ler population. Over 100 QTLs that affected seed mineral concentration were identified. Twenty-nine seed QTLs were found in more than one experiment, and several QTLs were found for both seed and hull mineral traits. A number of candidate genes affecting seed mineral concentration are discussed. These results indicate that A. thaliana is a suitable and convenient model for discovery of genes that affect seed mineral concentration. Some strong QTLs had no obvious candidate genes, offering the possibility of identifying unknown genes that affect mineral uptake and translocation to seeds. 相似文献
17.
Genetic dissection of grain weight in bread wheat through quantitative trait locus interval and association mapping 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R. R. Mir N. Kumar V. Jaiswal N. Girdharwal M. Prasad H. S. Balyan P. K. Gupta 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2012,29(4):963-972
Genetic dissection of grain weight in bread wheat was undertaken through both genome-wide quantitative trait locus (QTL) interval
mapping and association mapping. QTL interval mapping involved preparation of a framework linkage map consisting of 294 loci
{194 simple sequence repeats (SSRs), 86 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) and 14 selective amplifications of
microsatellite polymorphic loci (SAMPL)} using a bi-parental recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population derived from
Rye Selection111 × Chinese Spring. Using the genotypic data and phenotypic data on grain weight (GW) of RILs collected over
six environments, genome-wide single locus QTL analysis was conducted to identify main effect QTL. This led to identification
of as many as ten QTL including four major QTL (three QTL were stable), each contributing >20% phenotypic variation (PV) for
GW. The above study was supplemented with association mapping, which allowed identification of 11 new markers in the genomic
regions that were not reported earlier to harbour any QTL for GW. It also allowed identification of closely linked markers
for six known QTL, and validation of eight QTL reported earlier. The QTL identified through QTL interval mapping and association
mapping may prove useful in marker-assisted selection (MAS) for the development of cultivars with high GW in bread wheat. 相似文献
18.
A QTL study on late leaf spot and rust revealed one major QTL for molecular breeding for rust resistance in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Y. P. Khedikar M. V. C. Gowda C. Sarvamangala K. V. Patgar H. D. Upadhyaya R. K. Varshney 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2010,120(5):971-984
Late leaf spot (LLS) and rust are two major foliar diseases of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) that often occur together leading to 50–70% yield loss in the crop. A total of 268 recombinant inbred lines of a mapping
population TAG 24 × GPBD 4 segregating for LLS and rust were used to undertake quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. Phenotyping
of the population was carried out under artificial disease epiphytotics. Positive correlations between different stages, high
to very high heritability and independent nature of inheritance between both the diseases were observed. Parental genotypes
were screened with 1,089 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, of which 67 (6.15%) were found polymorphic. Segregation data
obtained for these markers facilitated development of partial linkage map (14 linkage groups) with 56 SSR loci. Composite
interval mapping (CIM) undertaken on genotyping and phenotyping data yielded 11 QTLs for LLS (explaining 1.70–6.50% phenotypic
variation) in three environments and 12 QTLs for rust (explaining 1.70–55.20% phenotypic variation). Interestingly a major
QTL associated with rust (QTLrust01), contributing 6.90–55.20% variation, was identified by both CIM and single marker analysis (SMA). A candidate SSR marker
(IPAHM 103) linked with this QTL was validated using a wide range of resistant/susceptible breeding lines as well as progeny
lines of another mapping population (TG 26 × GPBD 4). Therefore, this marker should be useful for introgressing the major
QTL for rust in desired lines/varieties of groundnut through marker-assisted backcrossing. 相似文献
19.
M. Mohibbe Azam Sarla Padmavathi R. Abdul Fiyaz Amtul Waris K.T. Ramya Chirravuri N. Neeraja 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2021,28(5):2886-2894
Malnutrition is considered as major public health concern and is emerging challenge to food and nutrition security particularly in developing countries. Rice is the staple food and consumed by the half of the world's population which is the source of daily requirement of the nutrients. Attempts are being made to fortify rice with micronutrients, but the loss or retention of these micronutrients in different cooking methods is not well studied and documented especially in fortified rice. In the present study, paddy seeds of six Indian varieties were fortified with iron and zinc by parboiling process. Consequently, fortified polished rice had higher micronutrient contents (Fe, 106.31 ± 12.56; Zn, 97.72 ± 9.75) than non-fortified polished rice (Fe, 7.44 ± 1.05; Zn, 14.74 ± 2.94) expressed in ppm. Polished rice of both fortified and non-fortified were cooked under five different cooking conditions and analyzed for remaining iron and zinc content. Cooking rice in rice cooker without prior washing (NRC) retained highest concentration of Fe and Zinc in both fortified and non-fortified rice varieties. It also showed that fortified rice suffered higher percentage loss of micronutrient, than the non-fortified rice. But the average retained micronutrient amount measured in ppm, was higher in fortified rice (Fe, 43.54 ± 6.88; Zn, 36.7 ± 3.12) than in non-fortified rice (Fe, 4.24 ± 0.87; Zn, 9.3 ± 2.11). Hence, adopting appropriate cooking method, higher amount of micronutrients will be retained in the cooked food which will in turn help in combating the malnutrition and improve health. 相似文献
20.
Blair MW Galeano CH Tovar E Muñoz Torres MC Castrillón AV Beebe SE Rao IM 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2012,29(1):71-88
Drought is a major constraint to common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production, especially in developing countries where irrigation for the crop is infrequent. The Mesoamerican genepool
is the most widely grown subdivision of common beans that include small red, small cream and black seeded varieties. The objective
of this study was to develop a reliable genetic map for a Mesoamerican × Mesoamerican drought tolerant × susceptible cross
and to use this map to analyze the inheritance of yield traits under drought and fully irrigated conditions over 3 years of
experiments. The source of drought tolerance used in the cross was the cream-seeded advanced line BAT477 crossed with the
small red variety DOR364 and the population was made up of recombinant inbred lines in the F5 generation. Quantitative trait
loci were detected by composite interval mapping for the traits of overall seed yield, yield per day, 100 seed weight, days
to flowering and days to maturity for each field environment consisting of two treatments (irrigated and rainfed) and lattice
design experiments with three repetitions for a total of six environments. The genetic map based on amplified fragment length
polymorphism and random amplified polymorphic DNA markers was anchored with 60 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and had
a total map length of 1,087.5 cM across 11 linkage groups covering the whole common bean genome with saturation of one marker
every 5.9 cM. Gaps for the genetic map existed on linkage groups b03, b09 and b11 but overall there were only nine gaps larger
than 15 cM. All traits were inherited quantitatively, with the greatest number for seed weight followed by yield per day,
yield per se, days to flowering and days to maturity. The relevance of these results for breeding common beans is discussed
in particular in the light of crop improvement for drought tolerance in the Mesoamerican genepool. 相似文献