共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
许剑琴 《中国实验动物学杂志》2010,(11):100-104
本文系统综述了我国兽医中药在宠物临床上的应用历史及概况。从兽医中药起源,到中药在宠物临床上的古今应用。重点针对宠物临床中常见病、多发病如犬猫皮肤寄生虫病、皮肤真菌病、胃肠道疾病、传染病、肝胆疾病、心肺疾病、腰病以及虚弱性疾病等等进行了归纳总结。同时指出,随着宠物饲养社会功能的变化,宠物中药将会伴随着宠物市场的扩大迎来更大的发展空间。 相似文献
2.
目的:统计20l3年哈尔滨市儿童医院全年就诊口腔黏膜病患儿的病历资料,分析目前儿童口腔粘膜病的病种构成和临床治疗情况。方法:收集哈尔滨市儿童医院2013年全年口腔粘膜病例22257例,按病因分成四大类疾病,针对其就诊性别、年龄、各病种的伴发全身疾病和相关影响因素等进行统计分析。结果:22257病例中,感染性疾病的构成比最高,除鹅口疮外均在幼儿期高发,上皮珠主要发生在新生儿期,婴儿期创生性溃疡的构成比最高。复杂病因疾病随年龄增加构成比呈上升趋势。女孩发育性疾病构成比率更高,而男孩外伤性疾病的构成比更高。外伤性疾病伴发全身疾病比率最低(7%),而疱疹性口炎和疱疹性咽峡炎100%伴发上呼吸道感染。复杂病因疾病患儿有家族史的比例较高,城市患儿创伤性溃疡的患病率较低。结论:对儿童口腔粘膜病统计分析可以掌握就诊患儿的口腔粘膜病种类型及变化,有助于医生开展疾病的诊治和预防工作。 相似文献
3.
Sergiev VP Drynov ID Malyshev NA 《Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii》1999,(5):12-15
The statistical decrease of the proportion of infections in the structure of morbidity of the population reflects the existing classification of diseases when only acute diseases are classified with the group "infectious and parasitic diseases". The proportion of diseases caused by infective agents remains constantly high. According to WHO data, such diseases make up one-third of all diseases in the world. In Moscow the proportion of infectious diseases in all diseases registered among the inhabitants of this big city fluctuated within 36.1% and 49.7% during the period of 1926-1997. 相似文献
4.
《Microbes and infection / Institut Pasteur》2022,24(1):104881
Many infection control measures have been implemented to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 during COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 epidemic on the other notifiable infectious diseases in China, including respiratory infectious diseases, diseases transmitted through the digestive tract and animal-borne diseases. Compared with 2019, the overall decline rate of respiratory infectious diseases in 2020 is the highest (60–90%), and the diseases transmitted by the digestive tract and animal-borne diseases are similar at 20–30%. Both hepatitis and sexually transmitted diseases decreased significantly in February, and there were basically no significant changes in other months compared with previous years. The series of measures taken by China government to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 are also very effective in preventing the spread of respiratory infectious diseases. But they also have a certain degree of prevention against notifiable infectious diseases spread by other routes. 相似文献
5.
Brewer GJ 《Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.)》2007,232(2):323-335
In this review, we point out that natural selection does not act to lessen human diseases after the reproductive and caregiving period and that normal levels of iron and copper that may be healthy during the reproductive years appear to be contributing to diseases of aging and possibly the aging process itself. It is clear that oxidant damage contributes to many of the diseases of aging, such as atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's diseases, diabetes, diseases of inflammation, diseases of fibrosis, diseases of autoimmunity, and so on. It is equally clear that both iron and copper can contribute to excess production of damaging reactive oxygen species through Fenton chemistry. Here, we examine the evidence that "normal" levels of iron and copper contribute to various diseases of aging. 相似文献
6.
In the previous year, some extragastric diseases, possibly linked to Helicobacter pylori infection, have been largely investigated. There are, in fact, several studies concerning cardiovascular diseases, lung diseases, hematologic diseases, eye and skin diseases, hepatobiliary diseases, diabetes mellitus, and neurological disorders. Among them, the relationship between bacterial CagA positivity and coronary heart disease is reportedly emphasized. Concerning normal tension glaucoma, new interesting data are playing in favor of the association with H. pylori infection. For other diseases, there are many interesting results, although more studies are needed to clarify the reality of the proposed association. 相似文献
7.
Mehran Pashirzad Mojtaba Shafiee Amir Avan Mikhail Ryzhikov Hamid Fiuji Amirhossein Bahreyni Majid Khazaei Saman Soleimanpour Seyed Mahdi Hassanian 《Journal of cellular physiology》2019,234(9):14601-14611
Crocin is the major component of saffron, which is used in phytomedicine for the treatment of several diseases including diabetes, fatty liver, depression, menstruation disorders, and, of special interest in this review, inflammatory diseases. Promising selective anti-inflammatory properties of this pharmacological active component have been observed in several studies. Saffron has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory properties against several inflammatory diseases and can be used as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory diseases either alone or in combination with other standard anti-inflammatory agents. This review summarizes the protective role of saffron and its pharmacologically active constituents in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases including digestive diseases, dermatitis, asthma, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases for a better understanding and hence a better management of these diseases. 相似文献
8.
目的了解鹰潭市人民医院法定传染病报告情况,分析其流行病学特点,为制定传染病防治对策及降低传染病的发生提供科学依据。方法对鹰潭市人民医院2006~2008年法定传染病疫情资料进行分析.结果共报告法定传染病19种,累计报告发病4170例,其中无甲类传染病报告。主要病种为感染性腹泻、肺结核、病毒性肝炎、流行性腮腺炎、菌痢,占报告总数的93.62%;死亡13例(5个病种).结论肺结核、乙型肝炎、肠道传染病是今后传染病防治工作的重点和难点,应加大管理力度.做好传染病的预防和控制工作. 相似文献
9.
人体肠道微生态系统是人体微生态系统中最大最复杂的一部分,参与机体代谢、免疫等各方面的生理作用。由于内外源性的病理因素导致肠道微生态的破坏可能会引起人体疾病。随着肠道微生态与消化道疾病研究的不断深入,越来越多的学者开始关注肠道微生态与非消化道疾病的相关性。近年来大量研究表明,肠道微生态与肥胖、神经精神病、皮肤病、心脑血管疾病、消化道外肿瘤、感染性疾病和自身免疫病等非消化系统疾病具有相关性。微生态制剂和粪菌移植可以通过调节肠道微生态平衡参与这类疾病的预防和治疗。肠道微生态系统与消化系统疾病的相关性已被广泛研究和阐述,本文侧重对肠道微生态与非消化系统疾病的研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
10.
P. SUBRAHMANYAM J. H. WILLIAMS D. McDONALD R. W. GIBBONS 《The Annals of applied biology》1984,104(3):467-476
Twenty groundnut genotypes were grown with various spray treatments which controlled either, only rust, or only leaf spot diseases, or all of these diseases or none of them. The genotypes varied in their resistance to these diseases, some having resistance to only one disease and some having resistance or susceptibility to all the diseases. Chemical control of the diseases resulted in variations in leaf area protection and in yield which were specific to each genotype. For some genotypes the diseases had little influence on yield and foliage, while for others yield and remaining green leaf were varied greatly by the control of diseases. For many of the genotypes the yield achieved was well related to variations in the green leaf remaining at maturity as a result of the spray treatments. Genotypes with good levels of genetic resistance did not have high yield potentials while those with the best yields when diseases were controlled were the most susceptible to these diseases. 相似文献
11.
More than 20 human diseases are related to protein misfolding which causes formation of amyloids, fibrillar aggregates of normally soluble proteins. Such diseases are called amyloid diseases or amyloidoses. Of them only prion diseases are transmissible. Amyloids of the prion type are described in lower eukaryotes. However, in contrast to mammalian prions, which cause incurable neurodegenerative diseases, prions of lower eukaryotes are related to some non-chromosomally inherited phenotypic traits. Here we summarize the results of studies of prions of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and of the use of yeast model for investigation of some human amyloidoses, such as prion diseases, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. 相似文献
12.
13.
Nelesh P. Govender Tom M. Chiller Bhavani Poonsamy John A. Frean 《Current fungal infection reports》2011,5(4):224-232
Despite the considerable morbidity and mortality associated with fungal diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, it is notable that
these diseases have been omitted from an expanded list of neglected tropical diseases. Inextricably tied together with HIV/AIDS
and tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa, important fungal diseases such as cryptococcal meningitis and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) manifest as relatively common and deadly AIDS-defining opportunistic infections, often masked by and comorbid
with tuberculosis. Others, such as mycetoma, which manifest as a debilitating and deforming illness primarily affecting rural
adults, directly affect the socioeconomic productivity of rural communities. Lack of adequate diagnostic tests makes identifying
the true disease burden due to fungal diseases difficult. To highlight the devastating impact of fungal diseases on the health
and socioeconomic circumstances of sub-Saharan Africa’s poorest people and to increase the profile of efforts to control and
prevent these diseases, we propose that the following fungal diseases be added to the list of neglected tropical diseases:
cryptococcal meningitis, PCP, mycetoma, histoplasmosis, sporotrichosis, and blastomycosis. By outlining the prevalence, distribution,
and disease burden of these fungal diseases in sub-Saharan Africa in this review, we hope to provide information to prioritize
strategies for detection, control, and prevention of the neglected fungal diseases. 相似文献
14.
The screening for families burdened with multiple cases of non-infectious diseases, the diagnostic of those diseases and the investigation of relations between the population structure and the distribution of hereditary diseases in 4 districts of the Kashkadarja province were carried out. On the basis of the data obtained the load of excessive hereditary diseases was calculated and nosological spectrum was described; it included more than 30 different diseases. The study of spatial distribution of recessive diseases has shown that the load of hereditary diseases may be accounted for the positive assortative matings. The high level of interpopulation migration prevents from the local accumulation of a certain hereditary disease. 相似文献
15.
T. D. Chugh 《Journal of biosciences》2008,33(4):549-555
There has been a remarkable progress in the prevention, control and even eradication of infectious diseases with improved
hygiene and development of antimicrobials and vaccines. However, infectious diseases still remain a leading cause of global
disease burden with high morbidity and mortality especially in the developing world. Furthermore, there have been threats
of new diseases during the past three decades due to the evolution and adaptation of microbes and the re-emergence of old
diseases due to the development of antimicrobial resistance and the capacity to spread to new geographic areas. The impact
of the emerging and re-emerging diseases in India has been tremendous at socioeconomic and public health levels. Their control
requires continuing surveillance, research and training, better diagnostic facilities and improved public health system. Emerging
and reemerging zoonotic diseases, foodborne and waterborne diseases and diseases caused by multiresistant organisms constitute
the major threats in India. This review of bacterial emerging and re-emerging diseases should be of critical importance to
microbiologists, clinicians, public health personnel and policy makers in India. 相似文献
16.
Cytokine imbalance in non-immunological chronic disease 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Müller B 《Cytokine》2002,18(6):334-339
Over the last decade, cytokine imbalances have been associated with a plethora of diseases. While the Th(1)/Th(2) paradigm is widely used to explain the pathogenesis of immunological diseases, the role of cytokine imbalances for non-immunological diseases is still incompletely defined. The major obstacle here is to assess the extent to which non-immunological diseases are influenced by inflammation. Non-immunological diseases cover the whole spectrum from those triggered by infection-as may be the case for Alzheimer's disease-to those where the immune system has no apparent impact at all. Examples of the latter are bone diseases, including post-menopausal osteoporosis and skeletal malformations. In between there are diseases such as intrinsic asthma and osteoarthritis where the impact of the immune system is unclear. Thus far, imbalances affecting tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and members of the interleukin (IL)-1 and the TGF superfamily have been found in association with all of these diseases. We speculate here that cytokine imbalance will be found in additional diseases and touch on the role in phylogeny of cytokines outside the immune system. 相似文献
17.
The diversity of autosomal recessive (AR) diseases was studied in six Russian regions: the Kirov, Kostroma, and Bryansk oblasts; Adygea Republic; Krasnodar krai, and Marii El Republic (in the latter region, the Mari and Russian ethnic groups were studied separately). In total, more than 1.5 million people were studied. The spectrum of the AR diseases included 101 nosological forms; the total number of the affected subjects was 942. For all diseases, the prevalence rate in the region where they were found and the mean prevalence rate in the total population studied were calculated. Only seven AR diseases had prevalence rates of 1:50,000 or higher; however, this group contained about 50% of the patients. About half of the AR diseases (66) had an extremely low prevalence rate (1:877,483). Eleven diseases exhibit local accumulation. Accumulation of some or other diseases was only observed in four out of seven populations studied (Marii El, Adygea, and the Kirov and Bryansk oblasts). To determine the cause of the local accumulation of some diseases in populations, correlation analysis of the dependence of accumulation of hereditary diseases on the genetic structure of the populations studied was performed. The accumulation coefficients for AR and autosomal dominant (AD) diseases and the mean values of random inbreeding (Fst) in individual districts were calculated for all populations studied. The coefficients of the Spearman rank correlation between the accumulation coefficient and random inbreeding (Fst) were 0.68 and 0.86 for the AD and AR diseases, respectively. The correlation between the accumulation of AD and AR diseases was 0.86. The relationships found indicate that the diversity of AD and AR diseases, as well as the genetic load, distinctly depended on the population genetic structure and were largely determined by genetic drift. 相似文献
18.
全基因组关联研究现状 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
在过去的5年中, 全基因组关联研究(Genome-wide association study, GWAS)方法已被证明是研究复杂疾病和性状遗传易感变异的一种有效手段。目前, 各国科学家在多种复杂疾病和性状中开展了大量的GWAS, 对肿瘤、糖尿病、心脏病、神经精神疾病、自身免疫及免疫相关疾病等复杂疾病以及一些常见性状(如身高、体重、血脂、色素等)的遗传易感基因研究取得了重大成果。截止到2010年9月11日, 运用GWAS开展了对近200种复杂疾病/性状的研究, 发现了3 000多个疾病相关的遗传变异。文章就GWAS的发展及其在复杂疾病/性状中的应用做一综述。 相似文献
19.
In recent years, many studies have shown that histone methylation plays an important role in maintaining the active and silent state of gene expression in human diseases. The Jumonji domain-containing protein D3 (JMJD3), specifically demethylate di- and trimethyllysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me2/3), has been widely studied in immune diseases, infectious diseases, cancer, developmental diseases, and aging related diseases. We will focus on the recent advances of JMJD3 function in human diseases, and looks ahead to the future of JMJD3 gene research in this review. 相似文献
20.
动物模型是人类疾病研究、发病机制、药物研发的重要工具,对于困扰人类健康的肝脏疾病还没有理想的动物模型能有效地反映出人类疾病发病的机制。建立人源化鼠嵌合肝动物模型,对于研究人类肝脏疾病的发病机制、疫苗和药物的研发及疾病的诊治等方面都具有十分广阔的应用前景。 相似文献