microRNA-21、MMP-9在非小细胞肺癌发病机制中的作用

为了探讨微小核糖核酸-21 (microRNA-21)、基质金属蛋白酶9 (MMP-9)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的表达及意义,本研究选取2015年2月至2017年3月我院病理科保存的NSCLC组织72例,同时选取同标本癌旁组织(距肿瘤边缘5 cm)作为对照,采用实时荧光定量PCR检测microRNA-21表达,免疫组化染色法检测MMP-9表达。结果显示:NSCLC组织microRNA-21表达水平为0.157±0.054,明显低于癌旁组织(p0.05),而MMP-9阳性表达率为73.61%,明显高于癌旁组织(p0.05);中低分化患者microRNA-21表达为0.136±0.044,明显低于高分化患者(p0.05),而MMP-9阳性表达率为86.36%,明显高于高分化患者(p0.05);有淋巴结转移患者microRNA-21表达为0.140±0.050,明显低于无淋巴结转移患者(p0.05),而MMP-9阳性表达率为86.67%,明显高于无淋巴结转移患者(p0.05);microRNA-21和MMP-9呈负相关(r_s=-0.327, p0.05)。本研究表明,microRNA-21在NSCLC中低表达,而MMP-9表达升高,二者呈负相关且与NSCLC临床病理特征有一定关系。     

上皮性卵巢癌患者血清 microRNA-21 的水平及其临床意义研究

目的:检测上皮性卵巢癌患者血清中microRNA-21的表达,并探讨其作为标记物预测上皮性卵巢癌化疗耐药患者预后的可行性。方法:采用探针型实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应检测和比较20例上皮性卵巢癌患者和10例正常人卵巢血清标本中microRNA-21的表达,并分析血清microRNA-21水平与上皮性卵巢癌患者化疗耐药及其临床病理特征的相关性。结果:正常人、上皮性卵巢癌化疗敏感和化疗耐药患者血清中micro RNA-21的相对表达量分别为0.573±0.318、2.606±1.057、26.766±26.710,上皮性卵巢癌化疗敏感和化疗耐药患者血清中miR-21的相对表达量均显著高于正常人血清中miR-21的相对表达量(P<0.05),而上皮性卵巢癌化疗耐药患者血清中miR-21表达显著高于上皮性卵巢癌化疗敏感患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。上皮性卵巢癌化疗耐药患者血清miR-21表达水平与其手术-病理分期无及是否发生淋巴结转移均无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论:上皮性卵巢癌患者血清microRNA-21水平显著升高,可能作为其化疗耐药的预测参考指标,但血清microRNA-21水平与上皮性卵巢癌化疗耐药患者的不良预后并无显著相关性。     

四项肺癌血清肿瘤标志物在肺癌诊断中联合应用效果评估

为了评估4项肿瘤标记物的表达应用在肺癌诊断中的价值。我们选取2015年1月至2016年10月来我院就诊的70例肺癌患者、40例肺部良性病变患者以及40例健康者,作为肺癌观察组、对照组及健康组。采集各组患者血清样本,CEA、CYFRA21-1、NSE以及CA125的血清含量分别用化学发光法、ELISA的方法检测,并对标记物的阳性率和敏感度进行计算。研究结果表明,在所有组中均检测到CEA、CYFRA21-1、NSE、CA125有表达,且在对照组中的含量略高于健康组(p0.05),没有统计学意义;肿瘤标记物在肺癌组患者中表达量均明显高于其他两组(p0.05),表明肺癌的肿瘤标记物含量明显高于其他两组。在三组受试者中均能不同程度的检测到标记物,而肺癌组中4种标记物的阳性率明显高于健康组和对照组,阳性率在三组的比较中有统计学差别。在单项检测4种标记物诊断癌症的准确度和灵敏度上有一定限制,而联合检测能显著升高这两项评估(p0.05);对诊断的特异度进行计算评估,两组之间无明显差异(p0.05)。通过检测肿瘤标志物血清含量对肺癌诊断起到非常重要的临床作用,而联合检查能明显提高诊断的准确度和灵敏度,可作为肺癌早期诊断的常用方法。     

血清AFP、CEA与肝癌患者临床病理分期和预后的关系及其诊断价值分析

目的:探讨血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)、癌胚抗原(CEA)与肝癌患者临床病理分期和预后的关系及其诊断价值。方法:选取2010年3月至2014年4月期间我院就诊的90例肝癌患者作为肝癌组,并选择同期在我院进行体检的90例健康体检者作为健康组。统计两组的血清AFP、CEA水平及阳性率,比较不同TNM分期肝癌患者的血清AFP和CEA水平。分析肝癌患者的5年无复发生存率以及血清AFP和CEA水平对肝癌的诊断价值。结果:与健康组相比,肝癌组血清AFP、CEA水平及阳性率明显升高(P0.05)。Ⅳ期血清AFP和CEA水平最高,其次Ⅲ期,Ⅱ期次之,Ⅰ期最低(P0.05)。血清AFP、CEA阳性患者5年无复发生存率明显低于血清AFP、CEA阴性患者(P0.05),血清AFP、CEA联合诊断具有较高的敏感性和特异性。结论:肝癌患者的血清AFP和CEA水平升高,并随TNM分期增加而上调。血清AFP阳性以及CEA阳性患者的5年无复发生存率明显下降,血清AFP联合血清CEA检测在肝癌诊断中具有一定的临床价值。     

microRNA-21 表达水平对新疆地区食管癌患者早期诊断及预后评估的临床价值

目的:探讨microRNA-21表达水平对新疆地区食管癌早期诊断及预后评估的临床价值。方法:收集我院收治的100例食管癌患者,其中哈萨克族患者50例,汉族患者50例,采用RT-PCR以及RT-qPCR的方法对患者血清microRNA-21表达水平进行检测并比较。结果:食管癌患者癌组织中microRNA-21表达水平均高于癌旁组织,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);有淋巴结转移、ⅡB+Ⅲ期、低分化癌组织中的miRNA-21相对表达量高于无淋巴结转移、I+ⅡA期以及高分化癌组织患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);miRNA-21在不同民族、性别、年龄分组中表达无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:microRNA-21表达水平对新疆地区食管癌患者癌组织中表达水平较高,在有淋巴转移、ⅡB+Ⅲ期以及低分化癌组织中表达水平较高,民族、性别以及年龄对microRNA-21水平的影响较小,因此microRNA-21检测对食管癌的早期诊断及预后判断具有指导意义。     

miR-126 在膀胱癌患者尿液中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨miR-126在膀胱癌患者尿液中的表达与临床病理特征的关系,评估miR-126的肿瘤标志物诊断价值。方法:收集48例初发膀胱尿路上皮癌患者与32例健康对照者晨尿,提取尿液总RNA,通过实时荧光定量PCR技术检测各样本中的miR-126的表达水平,并经受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析其诊断价值。结果:膀胱癌患者尿液中的miR-126表达水平相对健康对照组明显上调(P0.01),其表达水平在不同病理级别之间存在显著差异(P均0.05),且低级别组表达水平略高于高级别组,与肿瘤大小、数目以及淋巴转移也有一定的相关性(P0.05),而与患者的年龄、性别、TNM分期等均无相关性(P0.05)。通过ROC曲线分析尿液中miR-126诊断膀胱肿瘤的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.861,当最佳切点定在7.475时,miR-126诊断膀胱肿瘤的敏感性和特异性分别为75.0%、81.2%。结论:膀胱癌患者尿液中miR-126的表达差异能够反映病情进展程度,其表达水平对膀胱肿瘤的早期诊断及病情评估具有一定的价值。     

microRNA-122可调节线粒体的生物发生

目的探讨microRNA-122在代谢中的作用机制。方法首先通过生物信息学预测和双荧光素酶报告基因实验去验证14个代谢相关的microRNA-122靶基因,接着分别利用瞬时转染microRNA-122前体的293A细胞、HeLa细胞和HepG2细胞去检测维持线粒体形态功能的3种标志蛋白Immt、AIF、Cox IV的含量以及通过NRF-1/2及ERR-α途径直接调控线粒体生物生成的PGC-1α的表达,并同时采用线粒体DNA定量实验和活体细胞线粒体损伤/氧化(NAO)荧光测定实验检测这些相应的细胞稳定克隆中线粒体的拷贝数。结果发现其中一些预测的线粒体生物发生相关的靶基因能被microRNA-122显著影响,并且在过表达了microRNA-122前体的不同种类的细胞中Immt、AIF和Cox IV的蛋白水平,PGC-1α的RNA水平和线粒体的拷贝数都呈现较为显著的下降。结论 mi-croRNA-122可通过调节线粒体的生物发生来影响代谢。     

MicroRNA-141 在上皮性卵巢癌患者组织和血清中的表达 及临床意义的探讨

目的:探讨微小RNA-141(miR-141)在卵巢癌患者组织和血清中的表达情况并初步探讨其作为肿瘤标记物早期诊断上皮性卵巢癌的可行性。方法:采用实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(real-time RT-PCR)检测16例上皮性卵巢癌患者和4例正常人卵巢组织及血清标本中miR-141的表达;检测4例良性卵巢肿瘤血清中miR-141的表达。结果:miR-141在卵巢癌患者组织中相对表达量分别为(72.846±76.671)显著高于正常人(2.869±3.201)(P<0.05);miR-141在卵巢癌患者血清中相对表达量(31.581±52.885)显著高于良性卵巢肿瘤患者(0.668±1.196)和正常人(1.690±1.697)(P<0.05),后两组间表达无差异(P>0.05);miR-141表达随卵巢癌临床分期的进展呈上升趋势(P<0.01),在无淋巴结转移组明显高于有淋巴结转移组(P<0.05),与组织分级和CA125的升高无关(P>0.05)。在组织中miR-141表达水平与上皮性卵巢癌临床病理特征均未见明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:miR-141可能在上皮性卵巢癌的发生发展中发挥癌基因的作用;miR-141用于检测上皮性卵巢癌敏感性和特异度较高,有望成为上皮性卵巢癌早期诊断的新指标。     

白藜芦醇苷通过抑制microRNA-21表达抑制肝癌细胞增殖和迁移

原发性肝癌是临床上最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,目前仍在寻找有效的治疗手段. 白藜芦醇苷可抑制肺癌细胞以及大肠癌细胞的增殖,但其在肝癌中的作用及具体作用机制并不清楚. 本文探讨白藜芦醇苷对大鼠肝癌是否具有预防作用,及其对肝癌细胞系增殖和侵袭的影响. 构建大鼠原发性肝癌模型,将其分为正常组、模型组及白藜芦醇苷预防组. 病理检测结果显示,与模型组相比,白藜芦醇苷预防组的肝癌发生率明显降低.检测肝组织中microRNA-21表达情况,结果显示,白藜芦醇苷预防组肝中microRNA-21表达明显降低,并且microRNA-21的靶基因PTEN表达上调.在肝癌细胞系SMMC7721和HepG2中加入白藜芦醇苷,细胞增殖及侵袭能力明显下降,同时伴随microRNA-21表达降低,PTEN表达升高. 这提示,白藜芦醇苷可能通过抑制microRNA-21的表达,抑制肝癌的发生,本文结果为预防原发性肝癌提供了新的理论依据,但其临床疗效还需要进一步验证.     

原位杂交检测microRNA-205在乳腺癌中的表达

目的探讨microRNA-205表达与乳腺恶性病变的关系。方法乳腺疾病及癌组织芯片原位杂交分析microRNA-205的表达;实时定量RT-PCR方法检测正常乳腺细胞株、恶性程度不同的乳腺癌细胞株中microRNA-205的表达。结果原位杂交分析显示,36例正常与良性乳腺病变中,33例(91.67%)表达阳性;36例乳腺癌中,23例(63.89%)表达阳性。microRNA-205的表达在乳腺正常与良性病变中的表达较恶性病变中高且有统计学差异(P=0.011),但与乳腺癌TNM分期、临床分期无关(P0.05)。实时定量RT-PCR结果显示,四个高度恶性乳腺癌细胞株(MDA-MB-231、HS578T、BT549和SUM159PT)中microRNA-205的表达较永生化正常乳腺上皮细胞株MCF10A和四个低度恶性细胞株(MDA-MB-468、T-47D、ZR-75-1和SKBR3)中为低(P0.05)。结论原位杂交适用于microRNA-205的表达分析;组织芯片标本原位杂交与乳腺细胞株实时定量RT-PCR分析结果提示,microRNA-205可能参与了乳腺癌的发生、发展,并随着乳腺癌的演进呈下调趋势。     

Role of microRNA-155 in autoimmunity

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently emerged as a major class of gene expression regulators linked to most biological functions. MiR-155 is encoded within a region known as B cell integration cluster (Bic) gene, identified originally as a frequent integration site for the avian leukosis virus. Disregulation of endogenous miR-155 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of human cancers. Recently, aberrant expression of miR-155 was observed in many autoimmune conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Moreover, functional analysis demonstrated that miR-155 has powerful regulatory potential in a wide variety of immune cells through targeting specific mRNAs. Since pathogenic immune cells play a pivotal role in pathogenesis of human autoimmune diseases, miR-155 might be a versatile therapeutic target. This review will discuss the current understandings for the role of miR-155 in autoimmunity.     

微小核糖核酸106b对肝细胞葡萄糖异生的影响及机制*

目的: 探讨微小核糖核酸106b(miR-106b)对肝细胞葡萄糖异生作用及其机制。方法: 正常人L02肝细胞培养于含10%胎牛血清的DMEM中,利用miR-106b模拟物和抑制剂(mimics和antagomiR,分别20 nmol/L)处理L02肝细胞24 h,Western blot法检测蛋白和磷酸化蛋白的表达,定量RT-PCR检测mRNA的表达,葡萄糖试剂盒检测培养液中葡萄糖含量。结果: miR-106b模拟物可明显增加磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(PEPCK)和葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶(G6Pase)的蛋白表达(P均＜0.01)、增加磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶1(PCK1)的mRNA表达(P＜0.01)、降低葡萄糖激酶(GCK)的mRNA表达(P＜0.01)。miR-106b抑制剂可显著降低PEPCK和G6Pase的蛋白表达(P均＜0.01)、降低PCK1的mRNA表达(P＜0.01)、增加GCK的mRNA表达(P＜0.01)。此外,miR-106b模拟物或抑制剂可显著降低或增加信号转导和转录激活子3(STAT3)的蛋白表达(P均＜0.01)。STAT3特异性抑制剂可显著拮抗miR-106b抑制剂对肝细胞葡萄糖异生的抑制作用。结论: miR-106b通过抑制STAT3信号通路而增加肝细胞葡萄糖异生。     

MicroRNA-21介导非对称性二甲基精氨酸诱导的内皮细胞衰老

目的：观察非对称性二甲基精氨酸（ADMA）对内皮细胞中microRNA-21（miR-21）表达的影响,探讨microRNA-21在ADMA诱导的内皮细胞衰老中的作用。方法：人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC）与10uM的ADMA孵育48小时后收集细胞提取总RNA及蛋白,荧光定量实时RT—PCR检测miR-21表达,Westernblot检测超氧化物歧化酶2（SOD2）表达,衰老相关半乳糖苷酶（SA-β-gal）染色鉴定衰老的内皮细胞;然后HUVEC与miR-21抑制剂转染6小时后继续与10uM的ADMA孵育48小时留取细胞按上述方法检测相关指标。结果：HUVEC与ADMA孵育后miR-21表达量明显增加（P〈0．01）,同时衰老的内皮细胞数量增多（P〈0．05）,而SOD2表达减少（P〈0．01）;MiR-21抑制剂转染HUVEC后ADMA诱导的miR-21表达明显减少,同时衰老的内皮细胞减少,而SOD2表达明显增加（所有P〈0．01）。结论：ADMA诱导了HUVEC中miR-21表达及细胞衰老,miR-21介导了ADMA诱导的内皮细胞衰老作用,其机制可能与其抑制SOD2表达有关。     

MicroRNA-21 介导非对称性二甲基精氨酸诱导的内皮细胞衰老

目的:观察非对称性二甲基精氨酸(ADMA)对内皮细胞中microRNA-21(miR-21)表达的影响,探讨microRNA-21在ADMA诱导的内皮细胞衰老中的作用。方法:人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)与10 uM的ADMA孵育48小时后收集细胞提取总RNA及蛋白,荧光定量实时RT-PCR检测miR-21表达,Western blot检测超氧化物歧化酶2(SOD2)表达,衰老相关半乳糖苷酶(SA-β-gal)染色鉴定衰老的内皮细胞;然后HUVEC与miR-21抑制剂转染6小时后继续与10 uM的ADMA孵育48小时留取细胞按上述方法检测相关指标。结果:HUVEC与ADMA孵育后miR-21表达量明显增加(P<0.01),同时衰老的内皮细胞数量增多(P<0.05),而SOD2表达减少(P<0.01);MiR-21抑制剂转染HUVEC后ADMA诱导的miR-21表达明显减少,同时衰老的内皮细胞减少,而SOD2表达明显增加(所有P<0.01)。结论:ADMA诱导了HUVEC中miR-21表达及细胞衰老,miR-21介导了ADMA诱导的内皮细胞衰老作用,其机制可能与其抑制SOD2表达有关。     

Pulmonary AngII promotes LPS-induced lung inflammation by regulating microRNA-143

Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a terminal carboxypeptidase, which cleaves single terminal residues from several bioactive peptides such as Angiotensin II (AngII). Many investigations indicated that ACE2 functions in angiotensin system and plays a crucial role in inflammatory lung diseases. However, the mechanism behind the involvement of ACE2 in inflammatory lung disease has not been fully elucidated. In this study, BEAS-2B cells were treated with gradient concentration of AngII and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce inflammatory condition. Quantitative RT-PCR was performed to detect the level of ACE2 and miR-143-3p. Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays were performed to measure the expression of related proteins. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and cell viability were respectively measured by ELISA and CCK-8 kits. And ACE2 activity was detected by corresponding commercial kits. Bioinformatics methods were employed to predict the potential microRNA targeting ACE2, which was then confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. The results showed that ACE2 expression and activity were time-dependently decreased in LPS group for the first 12 h, after which this tendency was reversed. AngII addition enhanced these effects, compared with LPS group. Additionally, the lowest ACE2 activity level was found in both LPS and AngII + LPS groups at 6 h. The number of nuclei and the ACE2 expression were decreased in LPS groups at 6 h and further reduced by addition of AngII, detected by immunofluorescence. Moreover, ACE2 was validated to be a direct target of miR-143-3p. Pretreatment of AngII and LPS regulated the activity of ACE2, increased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and cell apoptosis and regulated the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 in BEAS-2B cells, which could be reversed by transfecting miR-143-3p inhibitor. The results collectively suggest that AngII promotes LPS-induced inflammation by regulating miR-143-3p in BEAS-2B cells. Therefore, miR-143-3p is considered a potential molecular target for the treatment of lung inflammation.     

胃癌组织中microRNA-148a-3p的表达及临床意义

目的探究胃癌组织中microRNA-148a-3p的表达水平及其临床意义。方法随机选取行手术治疗的胃癌患者60例,采用qRT-PCR检测胃癌与癌旁组织中miR-148a-3p的表达水平,采用免疫组化检测胃癌组织中LC3与Beclin 1的表达,统计分析胃癌组织中miR-148a-3p表达水平与临床病理特征及LC3、Beclin 1表达的相关性。采用脂质体法在SGC-7901细胞中转染miR-148a-3p并使用免疫荧光实验检测LC3的定位,Western blot检测LC3及Beclin1的表达量。结果胃癌组织中miR-148a-3p表达水平显著低于癌旁组织,并且与胃癌肿瘤大小、肿瘤淋巴结转移情况、临床分期具有相关性,且与LC3及Beclin 1的表达呈负相关。过表达miR-148a-3p后SGC-7901细胞中LC3荧光斑点的数量显著减少,并且LC3Ⅱ与LC3Ⅰ表达量的比值及Beclin1表达量均显著降低。结论 miR-148a-3p的低表达可能参与了胃癌的恶性演进,并且miR-148a-3p可能通过抑制细胞自噬发挥抗肿瘤作用。     

Decreased expression of microRNA-200b is an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for glioma patients

Background and aimAs a member of the microRNA (miR)-200 family, miR-200b has been recognized as one of the fundamental regulators of epithelial–mesenchymal transition, chemosensitivity, cell proliferation, and cell cycle. Especially in glioma, miR-200b targets the CREB1 gene and suppresses the tumor cell growth in vitro. However, its involvement in human glioma has not yet been determined. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of miR-200b expression in this disease.MethodsmiR-200b expression in 266 pairs of human gliomas and matched nonneoplastic brain tissues was measured by real-time quantitative RT-PCR assay.ResultsCompared with nonneoplastic brain tissues, the expression level of miR-200b was significantly decreased in glioma tissues (tumor vs. normal: 2.87 ± 2.05 vs. 8.78 ± 2.50, P < 0.001). Of 266 patients with gliomas, 166 (62.41%) were in low miR-200b expression group. In addition, we found that the glioma tissues from high-grade tumors (grade III and IV) had much lower miR-200b expression than glioma tissues from low grade tumors (grade I and II). Moreover, the expression level of miR-200b was positively correlated with Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores of glioma tissues. The results of a 60-month follow-up in 266 glioma patients further demonstrated that lower miR-200b expression was correlated with worse progression-free survival and overall survival in the patients with grade III and IV gliomas. Both univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that miR-200b was an independent prognostic indicator for glioma.ConclusionThese findings prove that the decreased expression of miR-200b may be associated with malignant tumor progression and poor prognosis in patients with gliomas, suggesting the potential role of miR-200b in glioma management. miR-200b may be a novel and valuable signature for predicting the clinical outcome of patients with gliomas.     

Epigenetic repression of microRNA-129-2 leads to overexpression of SOX4 in gastric cancer

High levels of SOX4 expression have been found in a variety of human cancers, such as lung, brain and breast cancers. However, the expression of SOX4 in gastric tissues remains unknown. The SOX4 expression was detected using immunohistochemical staining and semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and our results showed that SOX4 was up-regulated in gastric cancer compared to benign gastric tissues. To further elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying up-regulation of SOX4 in gastric cancers, we analyzed the expression of microRNA-129-2 (miR-129-2) gene, the epigenetic repression of which leads to overexpression of SOX4 in endometrial cancer. We found that up-regulation of SOX4 was inversely associated with the epigenetic silencing of miR-129-2 in gastric cancer, and restoration of miR-129-2 down-regulated SOX4 expression. We also found that inactivation of SOX4 by siRNA and restoration of miR-129-2 induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells.