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重庆市翼手类调查及保护建议 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
1996年至2001年对重庆市25个县(区、市)进行野外调查采集,结合有关资料记载,重庆市共有翼手目动物5科13属30种,并对物种组成、分布、区系和生态进行了分析,概括了资源现状. 相似文献
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2018年7月至2021年2月,采用栖息地调查法和网捕法对贵州洋溪省级自然保护区翼手目动物物种多样性及保护现状进行了调查。共记录到翼手目动物3科6属13种,包括蝙蝠科5种,菊头蝠科5种,蹄蝠科3种。按照中国动物地理区划,以东洋界种类为主,共有11种,另有2种为广布种。列入《中国生物多样性红色名录:哺乳动物》近危级(NT)7种、无危级(LC)物种6种;列入IUCN物种红色名录近危(NT)级1种,无危级(LC)12种。此次在洋溪自然保护区共调查了27个洞穴,其中20个洞穴有蝙蝠栖息。大蹄蝠(Hipposideros armiger)分布最广,在10个洞穴有分布;其次是皮氏菊头蝠(Rhinolophus pearsonii),在8个洞穴发现;小菊头蝠(R. pusillus)在7个洞穴有分布。对蝙蝠栖息洞穴的干扰情况进行调查发现,超过一半(55%,n = 20)的洞穴存在人类干扰活动,如村民进洞游玩、在洞内饲养家畜、驱赶蝙蝠、进行祭祀活动以及破坏洞口等。建议对村民在洞内养殖家畜、游玩、驱赶蝙蝠等行为加以限制,并通过引导村民文明祭祀、对被封洞口进行疏通、对古老建筑进行修缮等方式,加强对该地区蝙蝠的保护。同时还建议对该保护区的蝙蝠及其栖息地进行长期监测。 相似文献
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从2006年6月至2009年11月对玉林市翼手类物种多样性进行了初步调查.玉林市共有蝙蝠15种,隶属5科7属.其中东洋型种类有13种,占86.7%,季风型(东亚伏翼Pipistrellus abramus)和南中国型(灰伏翼Pipistrellus pulveratus)各1种,分别占蝙蝠种类的6.67%.玉林市蝙蝠可分为3种栖息类型:菊头蝠属Rhinolophus、蹄蝠属Hipposideros和棕果蝠Rousettus leschenaultia为洞穴型蝙蝠;犬蝠Cynopterus sphinx为树栖型蝙蝠;东亚伏翼和灰伏翼为房屋型蝙蝠.蝙蝠在该地区自然生态系统中占有重要地位,食虫蝙蝠捕食蚊、蛾等害虫,是控制害虫的有效天敌之一,食果蝙蝠对荔枝、龙眼、香蕉等水果造成一定危害.目前,由于栖息环境破坏和乱捕滥杀,蝙蝠种类和种群数量均有所下降,应加大保护力度. 相似文献
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澳门翼手类物种多样性调查 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
2009 ~2012 年,对澳门翼手目(蝙蝠)物种多样性进行了调查。结果共捕捉到10 个物种,属5 科8 属,其中包括澳门原来记载的2 个物种,即蹄蝠科的大蹄蝠(Hipposideros armiger)和蝙蝠科的东亚伏翼(Pipistrellus abramus);本研究新增加8 个物种,即狐蝠科的犬蝠(Cynopterus sphinx) 和棕果蝠(Rousettus leschenaulti),鞘尾蝠科的黑髯墓蝠(Taphozous melanopogon),菊头蝠科的菲菊头蝠(Rhinolophus pusillus),以及蝙蝠科的大足鼠耳蝠(Myotis ricketti)、普通伏翼(P. pipistrellus)、普通长翼蝠(Miniopterus schreibersi) 和南长翼蝠(M. pusillus)。另外,通过野外录音和分析,并与已发表物种声音特征比较核对,发现菊头蝠科和蹄蝠科各一种,前者可能是泰国菊头蝠(R. siamensis)或者中菊头蝠(R. affinis),后者可能是果树蹄蝠(H. pomona) 或者三叶蹄蝠(Aselliscus stoliczkanus)。本文对已捕捉10 种蝙蝠的分布、形态特征和回声定位叫声特征进行报道,同时对其种群数量和保护现状进行了讨论。保护蝙蝠栖息生境(洞穴、古老建筑和蒲葵树等) 对保护澳门蝙蝠物种多样性至关重要。 相似文献
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中国翼手类新记录———高鞍菊头蝠 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
1999年 1 2月初在广西省扶绥县 (2 3°2 0′N ,1 0 7°5 0′E)进行的翼手类区系调查中获得一号蝙蝠标本 ,经鉴定为高鞍菊头蝠 (Rhinolophusparadoxolophus) ,为中国翼手类新记录。正模 :RhinomegaphyllusparadoxolophusBourret,1 95 1 :6 0 7[1 ] 越南北部 ,1 70 0m ;Dorst,1 95 4 :2 1 2 [2 ] ,Rhinolophusparadoxolophus,Hill,1 972 :43 1 [3] 配模 :Rhinolophusparadoxolophus,Thonglongya,… 相似文献
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中国翼手类新记录——小蹄蝠 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
2006年9月7日在广西宁明县明江镇峙东村防空洞捕捉到21只蝙蝠(其中做成2号泡制标本),体型小,前臂长32.4—36.0 mm,体重3.7—4.5 g。马蹄叶相对较简单,前叶前端无缺刻,无附小叶,中叶几乎均等横向排列4个圆形突起腺体,后叶被3个纵隔几近均等地分为4个室;鼻尖隔膜略微膨胀形成肾形肉垂。耳相对较大,往前折略微超出吻端。经鉴定为中国新记录——小蹄蝠(Hipposideros cineraceus)。标本保存在广东省昆虫研究所。 相似文献
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四种菊头蝠染色体组型分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文分析了皮氏菊头蝠(R. pearsoni chinensis),鲁氏菊头蝠(R.rouxi sinicus),角菊头蝠(R.cornutus pumilus)及中菊头蝠(R.affinis)的常规核型,现报道如下。 相似文献
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重庆地区蝗虫区系组成的初步研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
1998~2000年对重庆市蝗虫进行了调查,结果表明,重庆地区有蝗虫60种,隶属于5科36属。其蝗虫区系组成以东洋种为主体,占重庆市蝗虫种数的51.7%;广布种次之,占21.7%;特有种再次,占16.7%;古北种最少。占10.0%。重庆市蝗虫可分为3个分布区:渝东北部中山区(24种)、渝南缘及东南部山地区(40种)和渝中西部低山丘陵区(34种)。 相似文献
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JENNIFER M. MENZEL MICHAEL A. MENZEL JR. JOHN C. KILGO W. MARK FORD JOHN W. EDWARDS GARY F. McCRACKEN 《The Journal of wildlife management》2005,69(1):235-245
Abstract: We compared bat activity levels in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina among 5 habitat types: forested riparian areas, clearcuts, young pine plantations, mature pine plantations, and pine savannas. We used time-expansion radio-microphones and integrated detectors to simultaneously monitor bat activity at 3 heights (30, 10, 2 m) in each habitat type. Variation in vegetative clutter among sampling heights and among habitat types allowed us to examine the differential effect of forest vegetation on the spatial activity patterns of clutter-adapted and open-adapted bat species. Moreover, monitoring activity at 30, 10, and 2 m permitted us to also compare bat activity above and below the forest canopy. We detected calls of 5 species or species groups: eastern red/Seminole bats (Lasiurus borealis/L. seminolus), eastern pipistrelles (Pipistrellus subflavus), evening bats (Nycticeius humeralis), big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus), and hoary bats (Lasiurus cinerius). At 2 and 10 m, bat activity was concentrated in riparian areas, whereas we detected relatively low levels of bat activity in upland habitats at those heights. Activity was more evenly distributed across the landscape at 30 m. Bat activity levels above the forest canopy were almost 3 times greater than within or below the canopy. We detected significantly greater activity levels of 2 open-adapted species (hoary and big brown bats) above rather than within or below the forest canopy. However, activity levels of 2 clutter-adapted species (eastern red/Seminole bats and eastern pipistrelles) did not differ above, within, or below the forest canopy. Despite classification as a clutter-adapted species, evening bat activity was greater above rather than within or below the forest canopy. We believe our results highlight the importance of riparian areas as foraging habitat for bats in pine-dominated landscapes in the southeastern United States. Although acoustical surveys conducted below forest canopies can provide useful information about species composition and relative activity levels of bats that forage in cluttered environments, our results showing activity above canopy suggest that such data may not accurately reflect relative activity of bats adapted to forage in more open conditions, and therefore may provide an inaccurate picture of bat community assemblage and foraging habitat use. 相似文献
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实验分别在出生后4周龄的幼年和成年鲁氏菊头蝠(Rhinolophusrouxi)上进行。使用移动声刺激装置,高频喇叭可在动物头部前方水平方向180度、垂直方向60度的范围内移动。玻璃微电极记录单个神经元的听反应。实验考察了幼年和成年动物下丘神经元的听空间特性,共观察了301个神经元,其中幼年动物148个,成年动物153个。结果表明,4周龄的幼年动物下丘听神经元已表现出方向敏感性,即每个听神经元均有一个特定的最佳反应中心和反应域。但神经元听反应中心在听空间的分布相当弥散,大多数位于对侧水平方向20—80度、垂直方向上下15度范围内。而成年动物听神经元反应中心的分布则相当集中,局限地分布于对侧水平方向28-50度,垂直方向0—10度范围内,两者构成明显差异。 相似文献
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A NEW HIPPOSIDERID GENUS (MICROCHIROPTERA) FROM AN EARLY MIOCENE BAT COMMUNITY IN AUSTRALIA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Abstract: A new genus and species of hipposiderid bat is described from an early Miocene cave deposit (Bitesantennary Site) in the Riversleigh World Heritage fossil property, northern Australia. Eight hipposiderid genera are now recorded from Riversleigh's Miocene sediments: Hipposideros , Brachipposideros, Rhinonycteris , Riversleigha, Xenorhinos , Miophyllorhina , Archerops and Brevipalatus gen. nov. The new taxon appears to be most closely related to Australian endemic Rhinonycteris and Brachipposideros species, but its autapomorphically very short palate distinguishes it from other members of this relatively plesiomorphic group. It is one of eight hipposiderid species recovered from the Bitesantennary Site deposit, and one of 11 recorded from Riversleigh's early Miocene sediments. Compared with modern bat faunas, the early Miocene Riversleigh bat community differs strikingly in its high hipposiderid diversity but may differ less in its overall trophic structure. 相似文献