人纤溶酶原饼环区5(hPK5)基因的分泌型表达

构建人纤溶酶原饼环区5(hPK5)基因的原核可溶性表达载体并进行表达和纯化,获取大量高纯度、具有生物活性的hPK5蛋白。以纤溶酶原cDNA为模板,PCR扩增了hPK5基因,经过适当酶切后构建表达载体pET22b(+)hPK5,转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)进行表达并经组氨酸亲和层析获得纯化。带有重组质粒pET22b(+)hPK5的大肠杆菌经IPTG诱导后以可溶性形式表达16kDa的蛋白,其表达量占菌体总蛋白的30%以上,纯化后目的蛋白纯度达95%以上,Western印迹表明重组蛋白具有Histag抗原活性。构建了pET22b(+)hPK5重组质粒并成功地在大肠杆菌中获得可溶性表达,为获得大量hPK5基因工程产品奠定了实验基础。     

南极衣藻谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶基因的表达及其对大肠杆菌低温耐受性的增强作用

谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(Glutathione-S-transferase, GST, EC2.5.1.18)是生物体内一种重要的抗氧化酶, 为阐明GST在南极衣藻(Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L)中的具体地位, 采用实时荧光定量PCR对不同温度下南极衣藻的GST基因的表达进行了分析; 并构建了原核表达载体pET28a(+)-GST, 转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中进行诱导表达, 通过平板培养法探讨了重组菌E. coli BL21(pET28a(+)-GST)对低温胁迫的耐受性。结果显示, GST在0℃时表达量最高, 最高可达对照组的两倍多; pET28a(+)-GST重组表达载体在E. coli BL21中实现了高效表达, 且主要以包涵体形式存在, 经HisTrap HP柱分离纯化获得高纯度的GST融合蛋白, 并通过SDS-PAGE及Western blot分析得以验证; 对低温胁迫实验发现南极衣藻GST蛋白的表达可以提高重组菌E. coli BL21对低温的耐受性, 说明GST基因对南极衣藻适应南极低温环境具有重要作用。     

茶树CsPLK基因的鉴定与表达分析

茶树中富含茶氨酸、儿茶素和咖啡碱等重要功能成分,具有较高的价值功效,茶树在生命周期中经常遭受逆境胁迫,维生素B6(VB6)在植物体内参与逆境应答,吡哆醛激酶(pyridoxal kinase,PLK)是VB6补救途径中的关键酶。为进一步了解PLK在茶树生物合成中的功能和作用机理,该研究基于茶树基因组数据库,以龙井43为材料,采用逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)的方法从茶树中克隆出CsPLK的基因。结果表明:该基因序列长为1 179 bp,编码393个氨基酸; CsPLK蛋白和已知物种中PLK蛋白具有较高的同源性,都是核糖激酶超家族成员;通过构建pET-CsPLK载体进行原核表达,并鉴定出重组蛋白有很强的催化活性;组织表达特异性分析表明,叶中的表达量比茎、根的高,在根中最低;荧光定量PCR表示,低温诱导CsPLK上调表达,干旱诱导CsPLK下调表达,发现该基因在茶树中有明显的逆境应答,推测CsPLK在茶树的生长发育、逆境胁迫发挥重要作用。     

大肠杆菌trpBA和serA基因的串联表达

大肠杆菌trpBA基因编码的色氨酸合成酶(tryptophan synthetase, TSase)是色氨酸合成的关键酶; serA基因编码的磷酸甘油酸脱氢酶(D-3-phosphoglycerate-dehydrogenase, PGDH)为L-丝氨酸合成(色氨酸合成的底物)的关键酶。为了通过基因工程手段来增加色氨酸的产量, 在利用高效的原核表达载体pET22b(+)分别对trpBA和serA基因克隆表达的基础上, 采用PCR方法扩增了抗反馈抑制的serA和trpBA基因, 将两基因串联于pET22b(+)载体上, 共构建了4种方式的串联质粒, 实现了2种蛋白酶在大肠杆菌中的共表达。聚丙烯酰胺电泳分析显示, ABA-Ⅰ重组菌株在37 kD (PGDH)、29 kD(色氨酸合成酶的α亚基)、44 kD(β亚基)处均有明显的蛋白表达带。4种串联表达质粒重组菌的TSase酶活性, 分别比含空载体菌相应酶的活性提高2~4倍, PGDH酶活性分别提高约2.1~3.6倍。经摇瓶发酵实验表明酶活性较高的ABA-I菌株色氨酸合成量亦最高, 约为对照菌株的20.2倍。     

钩端螺旋体liprmA基因的表达及其产物的纯化与功能分析

以钩端螺旋体基因组DNA为模板,通过酶联聚合反应（PCR）得到钩端螺旋体中prmA的同源基因liprmA的全基因编码序列,并克隆到原核表达载体pET22b中。通过优化大肠杆菌培养和诱导条件,含目的蛋白的融合蛋白可溶表达量达到40 mg/L,约占菌体总蛋白的40%。经Ni-NTA His Bind亲和柱纯化,得到纯度大于95%的目的蛋白。氨基酸序列同源性分析显示liPrmA与原核生物和真核生物的核糖体蛋白L11甲基化转移酶的功能域一级结构高度一致;活性分析显示,纯化的liPrmA有钩端螺旋体核糖体蛋白L11甲基化转移酶的活性。     

水稻叶绿体转化载体pBS的构建及融合基因功能的初步鉴定

利用PCR方法分别从载体pchN-CAT-Bar和Psk51中分离得到编码膦丝菌素乙酰转移酶基因bar和绿色荧光蛋白基因sgfp,并在bar基因前段连接T7 leader sequence/5′-UTR和T7 10 N-terminus的8个氨基酸序列.运用融合PCR技术,得到bar和sgfp的融合基因片段BS.以水稻叶绿体基因组中的trnI和trnA为同源重组片段,来自烟草叶绿体16S rRNA的Prrn为启动子,psbA基因的TpsbA为终止子,融合片段作为双效筛选标记,构建水稻叶绿体转化载体pBS.大肠杆菌原核表达检测到明显荧光,基因枪轰击TP309愈伤,筛选抗性愈伤.     

两个小麦14-3-3基因的特征、亚细胞定位及其对非生物胁迫的响应(英文)

为了探讨14-3-3基因在小麦逆境胁迫应答中的调控作用,利用RACE技术克隆了两个包含完整编码框的14-3-3基因(命名为Ta14R1和Ta14R2),其中Ta14R1 cDNA长999 bp,编码262个氨基酸,而Ta14R2 cDNA长897 bp,编码261个氨基酸。Ta14R1/Ta14R2-GFP融合载体瞬时表达结果显示,Ta14R1和Ta14R2蛋白均定位于细胞质和细胞膜,但不在叶绿体中。荧光定量PCR分析表明,Ta14R1和Ta14R2均在萌发1 d的胚芽鞘中表达量最高;在高温、低温、模拟干旱和ABA处理下,两个基因在小麦的根和叶中都受胁迫诱导而且显著上调表达,推测这两个14-3-3基因通过依赖ABA的非生物胁迫响应途径发挥作用,可能参与了小麦中高温、低温和干旱胁迫的耐受调节过程。     

小麦TaLhca基因的克隆及表达分析

为了从分子水分研究小麦的光合作用,该研究采用RT-PCR方法,从小麦品种‘百农207’的叶中克隆到1个捕光叶绿素a/b结合蛋白基因,命名为TaLhca。序列分析结果表明,TaLhca的编码区序列(coding DNA sequence,CDS)长810 bp,编码269个氨基酸,推测分子量为29.31 kD,等电点为8.69。TaLhca被定位于叶绿体,无信号肽,存在3个明显的跨膜区域,预测其蛋白结构含有典型的捕光叶绿素a/b结合蛋白功能域(chlorophyll a/b binding domain),为亲水性非分泌蛋白。蛋白序列比对和进化树分析表明,小麦与二穗短柄草(Brachypodium distachyon)和水稻(Oryza sativa)中的Lhca序列相似性最高,亲缘关系最近。启动子顺式作用元件预测表明,启动子区域包含多个光响应元件及逆境响应元件。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明,TaLhca基因在小麦根、茎、叶中均有表达。其中在叶中表达量最高,在根中表达量最低,且受NaCl、干旱、ABA、H2O2和低温胁迫表达增强,受黑暗胁迫表达降低。该研究结果为进一步解析小麦光合作用机理及其相关基因的诱导表达特性提供了依据。     

美洲大蠊3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶基因的克隆及表达

旨在通过5’-RACE获得美洲大蠊3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GAPDH)基因的全长cDNA序列,进行生物信息学分析,构建原核表达载体,诱导重组蛋白表达,为进一步研究其功能奠定基础.通过3’-RACE技术,PCR扩增获取编码美洲大蠊GAPDH蛋白的全长cDNA序列;采用生物信息学方法推导出该序列编码的氨基酸序列及其理化性质;预测信号肽、蛋白疏水性、可溶性、跨膜区结构、二级结构、三级结构,并构建系统发育树;构建原核表达载体pET28a-GAPDH,IPTG诱导重组蛋白表达,并用Histag抗体Western blotting验证.结果显示,美洲大蠊GAPDH基因,其完整阅读框含999个碱基,编码332个氨基酸.序列分析显示,该蛋白与家蚕GAPDH相似性为89％,具有GAPDH保守功能域,经IPTG诱导获得重组蛋白.     

茶树CsNCED2基因的克隆和表达分析

该研究以铁观音茶树品种叶片为材料,通过RT-PCR技术,克隆了茶树脱落酸(ABA)合成途径关键限速酶——9-顺式环氧类胡萝卜素裂解双加氧酶(9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase,NCED)基因的全长cDNA序列。该基因cDNA全长1 931bp,包含1 821bp完整开放阅读框,共编码606个氨基酸残基。NCBI同源分析结果表明,与葡萄VvNCED2相似性最高(78%),命名为CsNCED2(NCBI登录号:MF765770)。氨基酸序列分析显示,其具有NCED家族的FLNO2258保守结构域,以及MIAHPKxDP和HDFAITE保守结构域序列;在保守区存在4个Fe2+活性组氨酸结合位点,N-端含有叶绿体转运肽。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明,CsNCED2基因在铁观音叶、茎和花中表达量较高;白茶萎凋和乌龙茶做青均可以诱导CsNCED2基因显著上调表达;除干旱胁迫抑制CsNCED2表达外,ABA和低温胁迫均能够诱导CsNCED2基因显著上调表达。表明CsNCED2基因在茶树ABA合成代谢以及胁迫响应中发挥重要作用。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.