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1.
绒山蝠小肠细胞超微结构的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
张维道 《兽类学报》1995,15(3):218-221
应用光镜和电镜,观察了绒山蝠小肠组织和细胞超微结构,首次报道了该动物小肠上皮分布有纤毛细胞。这种纤毛细胞,在其它动物小肠上还未发现,可能是绒山蝠对特殊食物一种适应性结构。  相似文献   

2.
张维道  靳程留 《兽类学报》1995,15(4):284-288
本文用光镜和电镜观察了绒山蝠肝细胞的超微结构,用聚内烯酰胺凝胶电泳,对肝细胞LDH同工酶进行了研究,肝细胞有丰富的线粒体,内质网,核糖体,发达的高尔基体,溶酶体等,在线粒体的周围有一层粗面内质网包绕,二者的密切关系,不仅在绒山蝠其他组织中,且在大部分哺乳动物细胞中均未观察到。该种肝细胞的LDH同工酶以M型基为主,主要催化丙酮酸还原成乳酸。  相似文献   

3.
绒山蝠肝细胞电镜观察和乳酸脱氢酶同工酶的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文用光镜和电镜观察了绒山蝠肝细胞的超微结构,用聚内烯酰胺凝胶电泳,对肝组织LDH同工酶进行了研究。肝细胞有丰富的线粒体、内质网、核糖体,发达的高尔基体、溶酶体等。在线粒体的周围有一层粗面内质网包绕,二者的密切关系,不仅在绒山蝠其他组织中,且在大部分哺乳动物细胞中均未观察到。该种肝细胞的LDH同工酶以M亚基为主,主要催化丙酮酸还原成乳酸。  相似文献   

4.
山斑鸠在湖南长沙每年5月建巢。6月和8月产卵。每窝2卵。孵卵期平均16.5天,孵化率为67%,18日龄离巢。雏鸟巢期各器官生长情况符合Logistic方程,同窝个体间有明显差异。  相似文献   

5.
山西芦芽山自然保护区山麻雀的生态资料   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
2000~2003年的4~10月在山西芦芽山国家级自然保护区,对山麻雀的生态进行了观察。结果表明,山麻雀在本区最早迁来为5月4日,最晚迁离为9月24日;繁殖前每公里遇见数为0.64只,繁殖后每公里遇见数0.79只。最早营巢期为6月1日,最早产卵期为6月9日,窝卵数4~6枚,最早孵化期为6月13日,孵化期12~13天,孵化率为84.44%;巢内育雏期为13~14天,巢外育雏期为8~9天,幼鸟成活率为86.84%,繁殖力为2.11只。食物中动物性食物占75.43%,植物性食物占24.60%。  相似文献   

6.
吴丽荣  郭建荣 《四川动物》2008,27(2):251-253
2003~2005年,在山西芦芽山国家级自然保护区对戴胜Upupa epops的繁殖生态进行了观察.戴胜在本区为夏候鸟,多在林缘耕地栖息,巢多筑于树洞中或岩隙岸堤的洞穴里,窝卵数6~7枚,卵均重4.1 g.孵化期17~18 d,育雏期26~28 d.  相似文献   

7.
为了解普氏蹄蝠(Hipposideros pratti)栖息地的特征、微环境条件及影响该物种栖息地选择的因素,2016年6月至2019年9月,在我国中、南部的10个省或直辖市,对83个洞穴进行测量,记录洞穴微环境,评估洞穴内普氏蹄蝠的受干扰程度,对普氏蹄蝠生态习性进行初步观察.运用独立样本t检验和卡方检验评估普氏蹄蝠的...  相似文献   

8.
山蝠和黑斑蛙乳酸脱氢酶同工酶及血糖浓度的季节变化   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
李大筠 《生理学报》1994,46(3):267-272
本工作采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳等方法,对山蝠和黑斑蛙在冬眠或蛰伏期与活动期的血清,脑,骨胳肌中的乳酸脱氢酶同工酶和血糖浓度进行了比较研究。LDH同工酶及血糖浓度表现出明显的季节变化。与活动期的动物相比,在冬眠或蛰伏期中的动物的LDH1缺乏,LDH5明显增多(P<0.001),血糖浓度明显升高(P<0.001)。此外,LDH同工酶和血糖浓度的季节变化在冬眠动物和蛰伏动物之间还存在着明显的差异。这些结果  相似文献   

9.
菲菊头蝠是分布于亚热带和热带的翼手目种类,在中国大陆南部和海南岛有广泛分布。为探讨热带菲菊头蝠是否具有冬眠期(12 月至翌年2 月)储精现象及生殖腺组织结构的变化,对海南岛的菲菊头蝠成年雄蝠和成年雌蝠生殖系统在冬眠期间的变化进行了石蜡切片观察。结果显示:成年雄蝠在冬眠期间附睾内储存大量精子,推测其储存时间超过2 个月;冬眠期间曲细精管横截面积、精子细胞数量和间质细胞数量在冬眠期逐月显著性减少,精原细胞和精母细胞的数量在12 月与翌年1 月间均无显著性变化,而在冬眠末期的2 月显著增多。在雌蝠子宫和卵巢内均未发现精子储存现象,但卵巢内具有初级卵泡和次级卵泡,雄蝠在冬眠期间曲细精管逐月萎缩,但生精上皮精母细胞的数量在冬眠末期明显上升。  相似文献   

10.
西双版纳地区犬蝠和棕果蝠食性的初步研究   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8       下载免费PDF全文
犬蝠和棕果蝠是西双版纳地区较为常见的两个果蝠物种,大多数时间内它们同域分布,共同利用当地许多野生果实。从2004年6月至12月,我们采用拾遗法、粪便分析法以及种子萌发鉴定法并结合雾网采样对西双版纳地区这两种果蝠的食性进行了初步研究。结果发现犬蝠利用11科18种植物的果实,2科2种植物的叶片;而棕果蝠利用9科12种植物的果实,1科1种植物的叶片。研究发现雨季(6-10月)两种果蝠食物类型在本地区重叠程度较高,它们共同利用的植物类型占记录植物类型总数的65%。在干旱季节(11-12月),棕果蝠避开与犬蝠在食物方面的竞争而去别的地力开拓食物资源。  相似文献   

11.
蝙蝠科七种蝙蝠的核型   总被引:15,自引:1,他引:15       下载免费PDF全文
报道了贵州7 种蝙蝠科蝙蝠的核型。伏翼和印度伏翼的染色体数为2n = 26 , 常染色体都由10 对双臂染色体和2 对微小点状染色体组成, N.F = 44 , 性染色体是大小悬殊的端着丝粒染色体; 两者核型的主要区别在于前者的No.3 是中着丝粒染色体, 后者为亚中着丝粒染色体; 大鼠耳辐(四川亚种) 、水鼠耳蝠和西南鼠耳蝠的染色体数都是2n = 44 , 常染色体都由4 对中着丝粒染色体和17 对端着丝粒染色体组成, N.F = 50 , 其中大鼠耳蝠(四川亚种) 和水鼠耳蝠核型非常相似, 西南鼠耳蝠与前二者有一定区别; 山蝠(福建亚种) 是2n = 36 , 常染色体包括7 对中着丝粒染色体、1 对亚中着丝粒染色体和9 对端着丝粒染色体, N.F = 50 ; 南蝠2n = 50 , 常染色体由24 对端着丝粒染色体组成, N.F = 48 , X染色体是最大的中着丝粒染色体。  相似文献   

12.
中华山蝠繁殖生态的研究   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5  
借助了Mini-2型超声波接收器,采用标志重捕法,结合录音、录像、拍照等方法,对四川师范学院校舍的中华山蝠繁殖生态进行了研究。结果表明:中华山蝠集群繁殖,产仔育幼期雌蝠与雄蝠分离,形成母子群,4月中下旬开始受乳孕,5月下旬到6月下旬产仔多是一胎两仔,极个别一胎一仔。初生仔性比为1.1:1(♀/♂),幼蝠不选择母体,母蝠则只哺育自己的幼仔,幼蝠5周龄后开始飞翔,独立生活前辈的成活率约为72.20%,3个半月性成熟。当年仔参与交配,幼仔独立生活后,逐渐与母蝠分离,9月中旬到10月上旬交配,交配后绝大部分迁移。  相似文献   

13.
中华山蝠的昼夜活动节律与光照等环境因子的关系   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
借助于超声波接收器 ,采用定点、非定点观察、昼夜连续观察的方法 ,并结合标志重捕、拍照、录像等方法 ,对四川师范学院校舍的中华山蝠活动节律进行研究。中华山蝠属晨昏性动物 ,有两次活动高潮 ,傍晚 1 9:0 0~ 2 1 :0 0时 ,凌晨 3 :0 0~ 5 :0 0时左右。白天在栖息处休息 ,光照、温度、湿度、天气等环境因子对其活动均有影响。晴天傍晚一般当上空照度减弱到 60 0lx以下时开始外出觅食。出巢个体数(y)与照度 (X)负相关显著 (P <0 0 1 )。回归方程为 :Y =5 3 3 1 -0 2 3 5 9X(X =5 0lx,Y =lny)。中华山蝠外出活动的温度下限为 1 4℃。不同月份日平均飞出蝠数与傍晚平均气温呈极显著的正相关关系 (P <0 0 1 )。  相似文献   

14.
Although rarely assessed, the population genetics of hibernating colonies can help to understand some aspects of population structure, even when samples from nursery or mating colonies are not available, or in studies of migration when both types of samples are available and can be compared. Here we illustrate both points in a survey of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequences used to study the population genetics of hibernating colonies of a migrating species, the noctule bat (Nyctalus noctula). Lacking samples from Scandinavian nursery colonies, we use a North European hibernacula to suggest that Scandinavian populations are isolated from Central and East European colonies. Then, we compare genetic diversities of nursery and hibernating colonies. We find a significantly higher haplotype diversity in hibernacula, confirming that they consist of individuals from different nursery colonies. Finally, we show that pairwise comparisons of the haplotype frequencies of nursery and hibernating colonies contain some information on the migration direction of the noctule bat.  相似文献   

15.
    
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16.
    
In anthropogenic landscapes, aerial insectivores are often confronted with variable habitat complexity, which may influence the distribution of prey. Yet, high mobility may allow aerial insectivores to adjust their foraging strategy to different prey distributions. We investigated whether aerial-hunting common noctules Nyctalus noctula adjust their foraging strategy to landscapes with different habitat complexity and assumingly different prey distribution. We hypothesized that the movement behaviour of hunting common noctules and changes of movement behaviour in reaction towards conspecifics would depend on whether they hunt in a structurally poor cropland dominated landscape or a structurally rich forest dominated landscape. We tracked flight paths of common noctules in northeastern Germany using GPS loggers equipped with an ultrasonic microphone that recorded foraging events and presence of conspecifics. Above cropland, common noctules hunted mainly during bouts of highly tortuous and area restricted movements (ARM). Bats switched from straight flight to ARM after encountering conspecifics. In the forested landscape, common noctules hunted both during ARM and during straight flights. The onset of ARM did not correlate with the presence of conspecifics. Common noctules showed a lower feeding rate and encountered more conspecifics above the forested than above the cropland dominated landscape. We conjecture that prey distribution above cropland was patchy and unpredictable, thus making eavesdropping on hunting conspecifics crucial for bats during search for prey patches. In contrast, small scale structural diversity of the forested landscape possibly led to a more homogeneous prey distribution at the landscape scale, thus enabling bats to find sufficient food independent of conspecific presence. This suggests that predators depending on ephemeral prey can increase their foraging success in structurally poor landscapes by using social information provided by conspecifics. Hence, a minimum population density might be obligatory to enable successful foraging in simplified landscapes.  相似文献   

17.
Synopsis Etheostoma swaini, the gulf darter, was collected from the Black Creek drainage in southern Mississippi (February 1978 – April 1979). The gulf darter generally inhabits small- to moderate-size creeks and occurs over a sand or sandy mud bottom, often in association with aquatic vegetation or a layer of organic debris. Larval dipterans were the most important food items, both numerically and volumetrically. Chironomids were found in 71–100% of the stomachs in all except the unusual March 16 collection. The length frequency distribution and the scale annuli analysis indicated there were three year-classes present in the population at any one time. Fifty-one percent of the specimens taken were less than 12 months old. During the mid-February to late March spawning season gulf darters were most often collected over clean gravel or gravelsand substrates. Laboratory observations suggest that the female burrows into the gravel where the demersal, adhesive eggs are deposited. Female gulf darters significantly outnumbered males at a ratio of 59:41.  相似文献   

18.
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