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1.
Antifungal and fungicidal activities of tea extract and catechin against Trichophyton 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
S Okubo M Toda Y Hara T Shimamura 《Nihon saikingaku zasshi. Japanese journal of bacteriology》1991,46(2):509-514
We examined tea extract, (-) epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) and theaflavin digallate (TF3) for their antifungal and fungicidal activities against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. Tea extract (2.5%) inhibited completely the growth of both T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum. EGCg at 2.5 mg/ml failed to inhibit their growth, whereas TF3 at 0.5 mg/ml inhibited the growth. EGCg (1mg/ml) showed no fungicidal activity against Trichophyton. TF3 (1mg/ml) killed Trichophyton by a long time contact (72-96 hrs). Tea extract showed a fungicidal activity against Trichophyton in a dose- and contact time-dependent manner. It did not inhibit the growth of C. albicans, but at a high concentration, inhibited slightly the growth of C. neoformans. It had no fungicidal activity against C. albicans or C. neoformans. 相似文献
2.
The fungicidal effect of low-temperature plasma generated by positive direct current discharge and its influence on the growth
dynamics was evaluated on three micromycete species and yeast in water suspensions. The fungicidal effect was lower than analogous
bactericidal effect and differs substantially among various fungal species. Together with the cidal effects, the slower growth
of exposed fungal spores was observed. 相似文献
3.
《Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology》2014,28(2):125-130
Because of its bactericidal and fungicidal properties, thimerosal is used as a preservative in drugs and vaccines and is thus deliberately injected into the human body. In aqueous environment, it decomposes into thiosalicylic acid and the ethylmercury cation. This organomercury fragment is a potent neurotoxin and is suspected to have similar toxicity and bioavailability like the methylmercury cation. In this work, human whole blood and physiological simulation solutions were incubated with thimerosal to investigate its behaviour and binding partners in the blood stream. Inductively coupled plasma with optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used for total mercury determination in different blood fractions, while liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to electrospray ionisation time-of-flight (ESI-TOF) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) provided information on the individual mercury species in plasma surrogate samples. Analogous behaviour of methylmercury and ethylmercury species in human blood was shown and an ethylmercury-glutathione adduct was identified. 相似文献
4.
V V Belakhov A Iu Vlasenko A A Levina Iu D Shenin N G Rozhkova G K Smirnova 《Antibiotiki i khimioterapii͡a》1991,36(9):11-13
The fungicidal and herbicidal activities of water soluble salts of levorin, nystatin, mycoheptin and amphotericin B, polyenic macrolide antibiotics, were studied. The biological tests showed that the antibiotics had fungicidal and low herbicidal activities. They also had a growth regulating action. 相似文献
5.
Eighteen fungicides were first evaluated for their effects on growth of Alternaria brassicae and for ascertaining their fungicidal and fungistatic natures in artificial cultures. The chemicals emerging fungicidal in action, were later evaluated for their efficacy as seed treatment and foliar application in the management of damping-off of seedlings and blight of rapeseed separately. Of 18 fungicides tested, six fungicides, viz., Dithane M-45, Dithane Z-78, Ziram, Difolatan-80, Blitox-50 and Benlate completely inhibited the growth of the pathogen and were fungicidal in action. Thiram and Brestan-60, which also caused total growth inhibition, were, however, fungistatic. Benlate (0.1 %) followed by Dithane M-45 was best seed-dressing fungicide for controlling damping-off of seedlings. Dithane M-45 (0.2%) followed by Dithane Z-78 as foliar spray was most effective for controlling the blight and increasing the yield in field trials. 相似文献
6.
B. L. WILD 《The Annals of applied biology》1987,111(3):553-559
A bioassay procedure was developed as a means of assessing the fungicidal efficacy of post-harvest citrus dips containing the fungicide guazatine. The method is designed to overcome certain inaccuracies associated with the existing method of chemical analysis. The technique involves assessment of actual fungicidal activity by the inhibition of growth of a Geotrichum candidum culture. Comparisons are made between results of chemical analysis and this method, and the usefulness of the procedure is demonstrated. 相似文献
7.
8.
Bacteria highly resistant to mercury isolated from seawater and sediment samples were tested for growth in the presence of different heavy metals, pesticides, phenol, formaldehyde, formic acid, and trichloroethane to investigate their potential for growth in the presence of a variety of toxic xenobiotics. We hypothesized that bacteria resistant to high concentrations of mercury would have potential capacities to tolerate or possibly degrade a variety of toxic materials and thus would be important in environmental pollution bioremediation. The mercury-resistant bacteria were found to belong to Pseudomonas, Proteus, Xanthomonas, Alteromonas, Aeromonas, and Enterobacteriaceae. All these environmental bacterial strains tolerant to mercury used in this study were capable of growth at a far higher concentration (50 ppm) of mercury than previously reported. Likewise, their ability to grow in the presence of toxic xenobiotics, either singly or in combination, was superior to that of bacteria incapable of growth in media containing 5 ppm mercury. Plasmid-curing assays done in this study ascertained that resistance to mercury antibiotics, and toxic xenobiotics is mediated by chromosomally borne genes and/or transposable elements rather than by plasmids. 相似文献
9.
Jan Buchníček 《Mycopathologia》1973,50(3):205-215
A growth inhibition passing slowly in the killing effect has been produced by ultraviolet light, depending on the duration of exposure and its repetition. Visible light is also capable of growth inhibition but its fungicidal action is very low and irregular. The killing effect has been raised photosensitizing the hyphae by means of eosine in this case. 相似文献
10.
C. H. Hill 《Biological trace element research》1989,23(1):11-16
Three experiments were conducted investigating the interaction of dietary vanadate and mercury on the growth of chicks. The growth-retarding effect of 30 mg vanadium/kg diet was completely overcome by the inclusion of 500 mg mercury/kg diet. Restricting the feed intake of the mercury-supplemented animals to approximately those receiving vanadate alone still resulted in an amelioration of the growth retarding effect of vanadate. Analyses of femurs and kidneys revealed that mercury added to a vanadium-containing diet increased the vanadate concentration of the femur and had no effect on the vanadium concentration in the kidney. As little as 25 mg mercury/kg diet significantly reduced the growth retarding effect of vanadium. The inclusion of 100 mg mercury/kg in the diet resulted in a significant increase in renal glutathione concentration. 相似文献
11.
The occurrence of dermatomycoses and the in-vitro therapeutic efficacy of some antifungal agents on dermatomycotic organisms were investigated. Of the 550 primary school children screened, the incidence was one hundred (18%), 70 were males (representing 20% of the males screened) and 30 females (15% of the females sampled). The differences between male and female prevalence were insignificant. Three species of dermatophytes were isolated and identified. These were Microsporum canis, Trichophyton tonsurans and Epidermophyton floccosum. The antifungal agents tested on E. floccosum were griseofulvin, terbinafine and ketoconazole. They produced different sized zones of inhibition against the growth of E. floccosum. Griseofulvin exhibited a 50% inhibition of growth on E. floccosum at 63.00 mg/L. Terbinafine on the other hand exhibited varying levels of inhibition of growth at varying concentrations, at 0.07 mg/L, terbinafine achieved 46% inhibition of growth on E. floccosum. The drug achieved 100% inhibition of growth on the isolate at 61.81 mg/L. In the case of ketoconazole, 50% inhibition of growth was achieved at 100 mg/L while 100% inhibition of growth was achieved at 200 mg/L. The antifungal effects of the three drugs were confirmed by broth dilution tests where terbinafine was found to be fungistatic on the growth of E. floccosum at concentrations ranging from 0.013-1.700 mg/L and was fungicidal at concentrations ranging from 0.027-1.700 mg/L. Ketoconazole was found to inhibit the growth of E. floccosum at 0.003-1.700 mg/L and was fungicidal at concentrations ranging from 0.027-1.700 mg/L. It however did not succeed in killing the isolate under the same range of concentrations. Griseofulvin exhibited fungistatic effects on the growth of E. floccusum at 0.013-1.700 mg/L. In conclusion, ketoconazole and griseofulvin were found to be fungistatic and not fungicidal while terbinafine was both fungistatic and fungicidal on the pathogen. Terbinafine was found to be the most effective drug in inhibiting E. floccosum. 相似文献
12.
Volatilization of Mercury by Algae 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The presence of Chlorella cells in a medium containing HgCl2 causes a rapid decrease of the mercury content in the algal suspension. The rate of decrease depends on the inoculum concentration. The presence of Hg in the medium induces a lag in the growth, whose length depends on the initial concentration of Hg and of the inoculum. Binding and/or uptake of mercury by the cells is not dependent on temperature. The mercury content per cell declines somewhat at the time at which the culture resumes growth at a rate similar to that of the controls without mercury. 相似文献
13.
Takuji Kishimoto Yoichiro Fukuzawa Manabu Tada 《International journal of biometeorology》1990,34(3):146-150
The combined effect of mercury (HgCl2) and high temperature on the growth and synthesis of nucleic acid and protein, and on the cell cycle of HeLa S3 cells was investigated. The subsequent growth of the cells was dose-dependently inhibited by mercury at 37.2° and 41.2°C. The inhibitory effect of mercury on subsequent growth was enhanced at the higher temperature. IC50 values for DNA and RNA synthesis but not protein synthesis, at 41.2°C, were significantly lower than those at 37.2°C (P<0.05,P<0.01, respectively). Flow cytometric analysis using synchronous cells indicated the possibility of blocking of cell cycle progression in the early part of S phase by the combined treatment. These results suggest that the cytotoxicity of mercury to cell growth was enhanced at the higher temperature and that this enhancement is related to the increased inhibitory effect of mercury on DNA and RNA synthesis and on the cell cycle at high temperatures. 相似文献
14.
Primary aliphatic alcohols from C(6) to C(13) were tested for their antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Undecanol was found to be the most potent fungicide followed by decanol. The time-kill curve study showed that undecanol was fungicidal against S. cerevisiae at any growth stages. This fungicidal activity was not influenced by pH values. The alcohols tested inhibited glucose-induced acidification by inhibiting the plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase. The primary antifungal action of amphipathic medium-chain (C(9)-C(12)) alkanols comes mainly from their ability as nonionic surfactants to disrupt the native membrane-associated function of the integral proteins. Hence, the antifungal activity of alkanols is mediated by biophysical process, and the maximum activity can be obtained when balance between hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions becomes the most appropriate. 相似文献
15.
E M Teichert 《Acta microbiologica Polonica》1987,36(3):237-245
The interaction of the fungicide Dithane M-45 (active ingredient mancozeb), with Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain not sensitive to the compound, was studied. Pseudomonas aeruginosa produced a fungicidal compound inhibiting the growth of Fusarium oxysporum. Simultaneously Pseudomonas aeruginosa degraded the EBIS (ethyleneisothiocyaniane) formed from the spontaneous decomposition of the fungicide which is highly toxic for Fusarium oxysporum. When the fungicide was used as seed dressing together with the bacteria the inhibition of the fungus was reduced to the interaction of both fungicidal compounds. 相似文献
16.
Summary Rapid removal of mercury from growth medium and its uptake by free and alginate-entrappedChlorella has been observed. Immobilized cell systems accumulated more mercury than free cell systems. In addition, both volatilized significant quantities of mercury. Studies show, however, that mercury lost in this way may re-enter the aqueous phase and subsequently be accumulated by immobilized cells. 相似文献
17.
The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro fungicidal and growth inhibitory activity of ciclopirox olamine alone (1% and 1.5%) or in association with 1% zinc pyrithione
compared to 2% ketoconazole, against Malassezia species particularly involved in the pathogenesis of seborrheic dermatitis. Experiments were performed on Malassezia globosa IP 2387.96 and M. restricta IP 2392.96 strains. Growth inhibitory activity of the active compounds in solution was evaluated by measuring minimal inhibitory
concentrations using a broth micro-method and their fungicidal activity by a filtration method after contact times between
solutions and yeasts ranging from 3–5 to 30 min. Concerning the determination of minimal inhibitory concentration of ciclopirox
olamine/zinc pyrithione, it revealed the marked synergistic inhibitory effect of the association, leading to a higher efficacy
compared to ketoconazole. As to the fungicidal activity of ciclopirox olamine, it significantly increased with the contact
time. After 15–30 min of contact between 1.5% ciclopirox olamine and Malassezia strains, a 2-log reduction of Malassezia counts was observed. The 1.5% ciclopirox olamine/1% zinc pyrithione association was characterized by a steady fungicidal
efficacy whereas the 2% ketoconazole solution did not express any fungicidal effect. In conclusion, this study demonstrates
the in vitro inhibitory and fungicidal efficacy of the ciclopirox olamine/zinc pyrithione association against Malassezia species and underscores its potential interest in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis. 相似文献
18.
Design of novel peptide analogs with potent fungicidal activity,based on PMAP-23 antimicrobial peptide isolated from porcine myeloid 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Lee DG Kim PI Park Y Woo ER Choi JS Choi CH Hahm KS 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2002,293(1):231-238
PMAP-23 is a 23-mer peptide derived from porcine myeloid. To develop novel antifungal peptides useful as therapeutic drugs, it would require a strong fungicidal activity against pathogenic fungal cells. To this goal, several analogs, with amino acid substitutions, were designed to increase the net hydrophobicity by Trp (W)-substitution at positions 10, 13, or 14 at the hydrophilic face of PMAP-23 without changing the hydrophobic helical face. The Trp (W)-substitution (P6) showed an enhanced fungicidal and antitumor activities, with the fungicidal activity inhibited by salts and the respiratory inhibitor, NaN(3). The results suggested that the increase of hydrophobicity of the peptides correlated with fungicidal activity. The fungicidal effects of analog peptides were further investigated using 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) as a membrane probe. In Candida albicans, the analog peptide (P6) exerted its fungicidal effect on the blastoconidia in 20% fetal bovine serum by disrupting the mycelial forms. Furthermore, P6 caused significant morphological changes, and these facts suggested that the fungicidal function of the novel analog peptide (P6) was by damaging the fungal cell membranes. Thus, this peptide may provide a useful template for designing novel antifungal peptides useful for the treatment of infectious diseases. 相似文献
19.
ROLF A. OLSEN 《Physiologia plantarum》1971,24(3):534-543
Avenacin, the resistance factor ioat roots against Ophiobolus graminisi ν graminis, and a related triterpeneglycoside, aescin, inhibited growth of various fungi, while the growth of a few fungi was unaffected. The triterpenoidal saponins tested seemed to be fungicidal, as the mycelia did not grow after exposure to the inhibitors. The fungicidal effect, however, depended on the medium used. The inhibitors did not seem to act primarily on the endogenous respiration, since the oxygen uptake, although much reduced, continued after the time required to destroy the growth capacity. The leakage of UV-absorbing substances from fungi, sensitive to the inhibitors, and the decrease of UV-absorbing substances in the transient pool of the cells indicate a change in the cell membrane. 相似文献
20.
Paola Angelini Rita Pagiotti Alessandro Menghini Barbara Vianello 《Annals of microbiology》2006,56(1):65-69
The use of essential oils in the food industry, as natural sanitizing agents, requires the definition of optimal conditions. The aim of the present work was to evaluate some antimicrobial activity parameters as mycelial growth inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of six essential oils against Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus,Chaetomium globosum, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium pinophilum, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride. The antimicrobial activity of essential oils was monitored by the macrodiluition technique. The mycelial growth inhibition, fungistatic and fungicidal concentrations were recorded for each strain that showed sensitivity to the essential oils. The essential oils of catnip, cinnamon, tea tree and thyme essential oils exhibited a large spectrum antimicrobial activities; those of clary sage and laurel inhibited the mycelial growth in a few fungal strains. The essential oils of cinnamon and thyme had the lowest MIC and MFC values against all the fungi assayed, followed by catnip, tea tree, clary sage and laurel. The use of these natural products rather than, the currently used antifungal chemicals, may be of interest given that: i) essential oils are of natural origin which means they are safer for human health and the environment and ii) there is less chance that the pathogenic microorganisms will develop resistance. 相似文献