我国旋花科植物花粉形态的研究

本文用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对16属46种2变种的旋花科植物花粉形态进行了观察。本科的花粉为多类型。3沟为基本的萌发孔类型。根据萌发孔的形状、位置和数目,本科花粉可分为3沟、4-11沟、散沟和散孔4个类型。根据孢粉学资料、本文对菟丝子属(Cuscuta)在旋花科中的分类位置及其本科萌发孔的演化趋向等问题进行了讨论。     

我国睡莲科花粉形态的研究

本文对我国睡莲科5属11种2变种的花粉形态进行了系统的研究。每种花粉都通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜进行观察和照相。同时对莲和白睡莲二种花粉作了超薄切片,对它们的外型结构进行了透射电镜的观察和照相。并结合有关分类学和孢粉学资料,讨论了本科的原始性、异质性及演化上的问题。     

杉科植物花粉形态的研究

杉科(Taxodiaceac)是裸子植物的重要科之一。全科共有10属16种。本文用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了本科7属10种植物花粉,并用透射电镜研究了其中5个属代表种的外壁内部的超微结构。     

我国罂粟科(Papaveraceae)植物的花粉形态

本文用光学显微镜对我国16属60种5变种罂粟科植物花粉形态进行了系统地观察研究。其中对15属27种进行了扫描观察。本科花粉形态为多类型。3沟为原始的、基本的花粉类型。根据萌发孔的形状、数目和特征,将罂粟科的花粉分为2沟,3沟,4-6沟、散沟、散孔和无萌发孔6个花粉类型。根据孢粉学资料,本文对绿绒蒿属(Meconopsis Vig.)花粉粒和其它器官的进化趋势,罂粟科在进化上的亲缘关系和本科花粉萌发孔的演化趋向等问题进行了讨论。     

紫草亚科附地菜族的花粉形态研究

本文用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜系统观察了附地菜族5个属26种植物花粉形态。五属是附地菜属、车前紫草属、滨紫草属、山茄子属和皿果草属。观察证明属间花粉形态有明显的差异。花粉资料为族内属的划分和皿果草属的建立提出了花粉学证据。     

中国东北柳属花粉形态及其系统学研究

本研究对中国东北地区产柳属17个组的29种, 6变种, 1变型的花粉进行了光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察。结果表明, 同一种的花粉粒形态相对稳定, 花粉粒的萌发孔类型, 表面网状纹饰类型及纹饰的亚显微形态, 及外壁厚度等特征与组的关系较密切, 而在组内各种间趋于一致;种间自然杂交种的花粉粒形态特征, 表现其亲本的中间类型。聚类分析结果表明, 五蕊柳与大白柳组进化关系密切。     

中国松科花粉形态研究

本文研究了我国松科(Pinaceae)9属61种的花粉形态, 其中有6种进行扫描电子显微镜观察和照相, 4种进行透射电子显微镜观察和照相, 每属都有代表种的绘图, 对该科花粉形态类型、科下的分类及演化问题进行讨论, 为本科的亚科、属、种的划分提供孢粉学方面的参考依据。     

我国瑞香科(Thymelaeaceae)植物的花粉形态

本文对我国8属22种3变种的瑞香科植物花粉形态进行了观察。本科花粉具散孔,花粉形态属于单类型。根据纹饰特点,本文将瑞香科花粉分为具瘤状纹饰和具网状一巴豆型图案两个类型。另外,还对巴豆型图案和本科在被子植物中的系统位置等问题进行了讨论。     

中国15种变豆菜属植物的花粉形态及系统学分析

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对变豆菜属15种植物的花粉形态进行观察。结果表明,变豆菜属15种植物的花粉大小为（28.51~54.29） μm~（12.23~28.98） μm,极轴与赤道轴比值（Polar axis/Equatorial axis）为1.48~2.46,具三孔沟。花粉粒赤道面观有近矩形、赤道收缩形、长椭圆形等类型,其中近矩形和赤道收缩形占多数;极面观为圆形或三角圆形。在扫描电镜下,其外壁表面纹饰为网状。我们研究结果支持在伞形科变豆菜亚科中,变豆菜属植物的花粉具有中等进化、比较进化的形态特征,花粉形态可为个别物种的分类处理提供孢粉学证据。     

中国丁香属花粉形态的研究

本文利用扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜,研究了丁香代表植物11种和2变种的花粉形态,并对花粉的形态特征用电子计算机进行了主分量分析,同时将计算结果作了二维与三维排序,结果表明:(1)丁香属植物花粉形态在光学显微镜下种间区别甚微,而在电镜下的区别则很明显,可做为分种的依据,尤其对形态上难以区分的种类更为适用;(2)所做花粉除欧丁香外,其余花粉均为三孔沟型,对前人的工作作了一定的修正;(3)通过主分量分析,指出了花粉孔的长宽比、沟长及网眼大小是本属花粉分类的主要成分;(4)试图通过主分量的二维和三维排序,为属下分组、分种提供新的观点和依据。     

广西野生毛葡萄雌雄株花粉形态学研究

通过电镜扫描,对原产于广西石山地区的野生毛葡萄雌、雄株花粉形态进行比较研究。结果表明,野生毛葡萄花粉粒为小型花粉粒,雌、雄株花粉粒形状及纹饰、萌发孔特征均有较大差异:雄株花粉粒萌发孔为三孔沟类型,长球形,花粉粒P/E=1.20(P极轴值,E赤道轴值);雌株花粉粒无萌发孔,近球形,花粉粒P/E=1.12。     

中国芸香科植物的花粉形态

本文用光学显微镜对我国21属52种2变种芸香科(Rutaceae)植物的花粉形态进行了详细地观察研究,其中对6属6种进行了扫描电镜观察。本科花粉具沟孔,是花粉单类型的科之一。根据萌发孔的数目和外壁纹饰特点,本文将芸香科的花粉分为具3孔沟和4-6孔沟两个花粉类型,并根据各属花粉形态特征,作出了花粉形态分属检索表。此外,本文还对花椒(Zanthoxylum L.)和Fagara两属的合并问题及花椒与吴茱萸(Evodia Scop.)两属之间的亲缘关系等问题进行了讨论。     

中国五加科花粉形态研究

本文对我国五加科(Araliaceae)植物21个属、34种、2变种的花粉形态进行了详细的观察研究, 每一个属均选择1至2个代表种进行电镜扫描。从花粉学方面进一步探讨了各属间的亲缘关系, 分类位置、以及分属的界限等问题。     

15个小苍兰品种的花粉形态研究

以15个小苍兰品种为试材,利用场发射扫描电镜（SET）对其进花粉形态观察,通过对花粉形状、大小、外壁纹饰及萌发器官等特征,分析不同品种间花粉形态之间的异同。结果表明：15个小苍兰品种的花粉均呈单粒存在且两侧对称,具远极单沟萌发孔,花粉外部形态均呈椭球形,极面观为舟形或心形,赤道面观除Castor外均为超长球形。花粉外壁纹饰均有小刺状凸起,多数品种表面有小穿孔和圆形斑纹。进一步聚类分析表明,15个小苍兰品种根据花粉形态特征可以分成3大类。本文首次报道了小苍兰的花粉形态,并且发现,不同品种间花粉形态特征具有一定差异,尤其是外壁纹饰细部特征和萌发器官的差别,体现了不同小苍兰品种间存在一定的遗传多样性和遗传分化,可为今后分析品种间亲缘关系及种质创新等提供有价值的科学依据。     

Sculpture of pollen grains of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Quercus</Emphasis> L. from the holocene of the south of the Sea of Japan

Fossil pollen grains of Quercus L. were studied with application of an EVO 40 scanning electron microscope. The material came from Holocene core samples from deep water zone of the south of the Sea of Japan and shelf zone of East Korea Bay. The pollen grains were obtained from three radiocarbon-dated palynological assemblages. Six types of fossil pollen grains were revealed: four of them were assigned to deciduous oaks and two were assigned to evergreen oaks.     

ULTRASTRUCTURE OF BETA POLLEN. I. CYTOPLASMIC CONSTITUENTS

Cytoplasmic structure of developing pollen grains of Beta vulgaris L. was studied with the electron microscope. The following stages were investigated: tetrads, ely microspores, vacuolate microspores, and binucleate pollen grains. Two unique cytoplasmic features were encountered— the reticulum complex and cytoplasmic microtubules—both of which were present from the last meiotic stage to the binucleate pollen-grain stage. The reticulum complex is connected to the nuclear membrane and juxtaposed to the plasma membrane and may function in synthesis or movement of materials through the pollen cytoplasm.     

松属花粉的显微结构观察——对白皮松分类位置的探讨

对松属九个种花粉显微结构的光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察均表明,其本体腹侧纹饰是花粉粒一个非常稳定的形态特征,可作为松属分类的重要依据,据此探讨了白皮松的分类位置。     

我国某些蜜源植物花粉形态研究

本文对我国一些蜜源植物花粉形态特征用光学显微镜作了各种数据测定,并对花粉形态进行了扫描摄片研究。对蜂花粉团成分也作了观察。本项研究为了蜜源花粉的开发和利用提供了有价值的资料。     

Free orbicules of Cupressaceae detected in daily aerobiological samples by optical and confocal microscopy

Members of Cupressaceae and Taxaceae are known to release large amounts of highly allergenic pollen grains into the atmosphere, which are responsible for the onset of pollinosis in many countries throughout the world. In addition to pollen grains, their pollen sacs produce orbicules, which are submicron particles reported to carry allergens and which are potentially able to reach much further down the respiratory tract than pollen grains. Previous research has postulated the presence of orbicules in the atmosphere; however, direct observations have not yet been reported. The aim of this research was to provide the first direct evidence that Cupressaceae orbicules are released into the atmosphere by detecting them in daily aerobiological samples. We observed pollen sacs, pollen grains, and orbicules of nine species of Cupressaceae using scanning electron microscope (SEM). We then used a light and confocal microscope, to examine daily aerobiological samples. Under SEM, we measured the orbicule size (0.494–0.777 µm) and detected unknown nanometric particles (130–200 nm). Under the light microscope, aerobiological samples showed clusters of stained dots surrounding the pollen grains of Cupressaceae. Under the confocal microscope, the same clusters were resolved into submicron particles with the same autofluorescence as the pollen grains. These features enabled us to identify them as orbicules. We believe that our findings help to explain the onset of pollinosis and allergic asthma related to Cupressaceae pollen grains in many countries, even before pollen grains are actually detected or after they are no longer observed in aerobiological monitoring samples.     

Storage in an Organic Solvent as a Means for Preserving Viability of Pollen Grains

Pollen grains of Lilium auratum, Lilium longiflorum, Camellia sasanqua and Impatiens balsamina were soaked in various kinds of organic solvents such as acetone, benzene, petroleum benzine, benzyl alcohol, butanol, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, diethyl ether, petroleum ether and choroform, and stored at 4-6 C for 24 hr. All pollen grains except in benzyl alcohol showed evidence of viability, and grains which had been stored in acetone, benzene, petroleum benzine, diethyl ether, petroleum ether and chloroform produced longer pollen tubes than grains of fresh pollen, especially Camellia sasanqua, whose pollen grew tubes 3 times as long as those of a control. Lilium auratum pollen grains had retained their viability after 80 days in acetone, benzene, petroleum benzine, diethyl ether and petroleum ether, and generative nuclei in pollen thus stored divided to form 2 sperm nuclei in artificial culture.