鹭科鸟类分类及系统学研究进展

基于鹭科鸟类的生态学,形态学,羽毛角蛋白凝胶电泳,scnDNA杂交及线粒体Cytb序列分析等研究,对鹭科鸟类的分类学及系统学研究现状进行综述,提出了鹭科鸟类分类中目前存在争议的问题及系统学研究中的不足。     

内蒙古乌海市鸟类区系特征及群落结构

2009年4月至2010年3月对内蒙古乌海市的鸟类区系及群落结构进行了调查研究。共记录到鸟类132种,隶属于17目37科。其中留鸟26种,夏候鸟71种,旅鸟27种,冬候鸟8种。繁殖鸟有97种,其中古北界鸟类有83种,占繁殖鸟类种数的85.6%。研究发现不同季节、不同生境中的鸟类群落特征差异较大。春季的鸟类多样性指数和均匀度指数均最高;湿地的鸟类多样性指数最高。本文基于研究结果提出了对乌海市鸟类及其生存环境的保护建议。     

漫谈中国古鸟类研究

借世界第五届古鸟类及进化会议即将在北京召开之机 ,向广大古生物爱好者 ,特别是目前众多热爱古鸟类化石的读者 ,简要介绍我国研究古鸟类的历史及主要成果、它们在鸟类演化中的意义 ,或许是有益的。中国鸟类化石的研究始于１８９５年 ,但在１９３２年以前均为外国学者所报道 ,实际是一种半殖民地性质的掠夺 ,他们采集的化石全带出国外了 ,１９３２年首次由我国古脊椎动物学奠基人、中国科学院学部委员（院士）、著名古生物学家杨钟健先生报道北京周口店一白肩雕头骨化石 ,其后他又多次报道鸵鸟蛋化石。新中国建立后 ,我国古鸟类的研究才获得…     

中国鸟类环志的现状与展望

１鸟类环志的意义鸟类环志是根据标记个体研究鸟类生活史、种群动态,特别是研究鸟类运动的一种研究方法,即在鸟类集中的地点（繁殖地、越冬地或迁徙中途停歇地）捕捉鸟类,将带有国家环志中心通讯地址和唯一编号的特殊金属环或彩色塑料环固定在鸟的小腿或跗跖上,然后在...     

舟山海岛冬季鸟类研究

本文报道了舟山群岛及嵊泗列岛计21个岛屿冬季鸟类的组成与密度,记录鸟类12目27科114种,较前人记录增加57种。属于中日候鸟保护协定鸟类56种;食虫鸟类18种。     

鸟类用于环境监测的意义及研究进展

对鸟类应用于环境监测的历史和研究方法进行了简要回顾,在种群,种团,群落三个层次上对鸟类用于环境监测的意义进行了综述评述,并对其研究方向予以展望。     

天津地区主要资源鸟类调查

天津地区主要资源鸟类同芦苇变化有着密切的关系,由于芦苇地及其芦苇收购数量的变化,认为芦苇是影响本地区主要资源鸟类资源很重要的因素之一。 主要资源鸟类在本地区有明显的季节性和地域性,因此在迁徙期鸟类的数量比较多,特别是鸭科一类鸟类,调查主要资源鸟类共有34种,分别隶属于二目、二科。     

长江流域鸟类的初步分析

对长江流域范围内有关动物调查报告和研究资料进行全面、系统地收集和整理,建立了鸟类分布数据库,初步查明在长江流域分布的鸟类共有762种,隶属20目、66科、291属,约占全国鸟类种数的61．2％。其中拥有中国特有鸟及主要分布鸟类72种,国家一级重点保护动物26种,国家二级重点保护动物92种。     

四川白坡山自然保护区冬季鸟类群落调查

2003年12月对四川白坡山自然保护区的鸟类群落的种类和数量进行了调查,实际发现鸟类151种,结合历史文献23种,保护区鸟类共有174种,隶属于12目41科。保护区有国家级重点保护鸟类14种,四川省保护鸟类2种,我国特有鸟类5种。保护区鸟类区系以东洋界成分为主。利用多样性指数分析了不同群落的鸟类多样性,结果表明:地处1300~2600 m的中山云南松及其混交林群落鸟类多样性最高,原因是该群落中生境类型丰富多样。     

繁殖期贵阳本地鸟类贸易现状

动物贸易是生物多样性丧失的重要原因,在物种的繁殖期进行捕捉和贸易对种群更是不利。为分析和评价贵阳本地鸟类在繁殖期间的生存现状和保护需求,于2014年3—6月调查了贵阳市油榨街花鸟市场上被交易的鸟类。共记录到114种当地鸟类,种数超过贵阳当地鸟类总数的50%,其中7种为保护物种。用于"斗鸟"的灰喉鸦雀Paradoxornis alphonsianus被交易的数量最高,画眉Garrulax canornus、红嘴相思鸟Leiothrix lutea、暗绿绣眼鸟Zosterops japonicas、红尾水鸲Rhyacornis fuliginosus和黄喉鹀Emberiza elegans等数量次之。接近80%的陆栖或半陆栖的鸟类及其雏鸟在繁殖期间都面临着很高的被捕捉风险。除了开展人工繁育,还建议开展野生鸟类的性别识别和性比研究,以减少野生雌鸟的损失和评价鸟类物种保护的优先性,同时加大宣传,将笼养鸟类者发展为支持鸟类研究和保护的重要力量。     

Chromosome numbers of Costa Rican grasses

Chromosome counts are presented for 217 species of 103 genera of grasses from Costa Rica. Four of the genera and 90 of the species are reported for the first time. In addition, 26 counts differ from previous records for the same taxon. The generaGynerium, Lithachne, Luziola, andThrasya were heretofore unknown cytologically. First counts are also given for the following species:Agrostis bacillata, A. pittieri, A. sub patens, Andropogon angustatus, A. bicornis, A. virgatus, Aristida capillacea, A. jorullensis, Arundinella berteroniana, A. deppeana, Axonopus aureus, A. capillaris, A. chrysoblepharis, Bouteloua americana, B. disticha, Bromus exaltatus, Calamagrostis intermedia, C. nuda, C. pittieri, Chusquea lehmannii, C. tonduzii, Cinna poaeformis, Deschampsia pringlei, Digitaria panicea, Echinochloa polystachya, Echinolaena gracilis, Eragrostis simplicijlora, Eriochloa distachya, E. polystachya, Eriochrysis cayennensis, Festuca dolichophylla, Gymnopogon fastigiatus, Gynerium sagittatum, Hymenachne amplexicaulis, Imperata contracta, Isachne polygonoides, Ischaemum latijolium, Lithachne pauciflora, Luziola fragilis, Manisuris aurita, Panicum aquaticum, P. arundinariae, P. boliviense, P. cordovense, P. grande, P. haenkeanum, P. milleflorum, P. parviglume, P. pilosum, P. polygonatum, P. rudgei, P. stenodes, P. trichanthum, P. trichoides, P. viscidellum, Paspalum candidum, P. centrale, P. decumbens, P. fasciculatum, P. jimenezii, P. microstachyum, P. multicaule, P. nutans, P. parviflorum, P. pilosum, P. prostratum, P. pumilum, P. reclinatum, P. saccharoides, P. scabrum, P. serratum, P. squamulatum, P. standleyi, Pennisetum bambusiforme, P. distachyum, Pereilema beyrichianum, Pharus parvifolius, Sacciolepis myuros, Schizachyrium condensatum, Sorghastrum incompletum, Sporobolus ciliatus, S. purpurascens, Streptochaeta sodiroana, Thrasya gracilis, T. petrosa, T. robusta, Trisetum pringlei, T. tonduzii, Uniola pittieri, and Zeugites pittieri. In addition, the following counts are different from previous records for the same taxon:Aegopogon cenchroides, Axonopus poiophyllus, Bouteloua media, Brachiaria plantaginea, Chusquea subtessellata, Digitaria adscendens, Homolepis aturensis, Hymenachne donacifolia, Ichnanthus axillaris, I. pallens, I. tenuis, Ischaemum ciliare, Ixophorus unisetus, Oplismenus burmannii, O. hirtellus, Panicum geminatum, P. glutinosum, P. mertensii, P. parvifolium, P. sellowii, Paspalum convexum, Pennisetum nervosum, P. setosum, Polypogon elongalus, Raddia costaricensis, Schizachyrium hirtijlorum.     

Syllidae (Polychaeta) from Thalassia testudinum beds at Morrocoy National Park (Venezuela)

A total of 40 species of syllids (Polychaeta: Syllidae) inhabiting Thalassia testudinum beds in Morrocoy National Park, Venezuela, belonging to 13 genera, are reported; 36 species are new for Venezuela: Branchiosyllis exilis, B. oculata, Eusyllis lamelligera, Exogone arenosa, E. breviantennata, E. naidinoides, E. naidina, E. parahomoseta mediterranea, Grubeosyllis clavata, G. heterocirra, Odontosyllis detecta, O. enopla, O. gibba, Opisthosyllis brunnea, Plakosyllis brevipes, Sphaerosyllis bilobata, S. glandulata, S. magnidentata, S. piriferopsis, S. riseri, S. longilamina, S. taylori, Syllis alosae, Syllis riojai, n. comb., S. beneliahui, S. broomensis, S. cornuta, S. corallicola, S. garciai, S. hyalina, S. lutea, S. mexicana, S. prolifera, S. sardai and Xenosyllis scabra.     

Illustrated keys to the anopheline mosquitoes of Myanmar.

In the newly revised and illustrated keys to 4th instar larvae and adult female mosquitoes, the following 36 Anopheles species from Myanmar are included: Anopheles aconitus, An. aitkenii, An. annularis, An. argyropus, An. barbirostris, An. bengalensis, An. culicifacies, An. dirus, An. fluviatilis, An. gigas, An. insulaeflorum, An. jamesii, An. jeyporensis, An. karwari, An. kochi, An. kyondawensis, An. lindesayi, An. maculatus, An. majidi, An. minimus, An. nigerrimus, An. nitidus, An. pallidus, An. peditaeniatus, An. philippinensis, An. pseudojamesii, An. sinensis, An. splendidus, An. stephensi, An. subpictus, An. sundaicus, An. tessellatus, An. theobaldi, An. vagus, An. varuna, and An. willmori. The new keys presented in this paper will enable public health workers to rapidly identify mosquito vectors of malaria and to distinguish them from other species in the same genera.     

Erhardorina n. g., Ascogregarina polynesiensis n. sp., Eimeria golemanskii n. sp., Isospora tamariscini n. sp., Gregarina kazumii n. nom., new combinations and emendations in the names of apicomplexan protozoa

On the basis of a review of the approximately 4300 species of apicomplexan protozoa, the following new species, new names, new combinations, and emendations are given: NEW GENUS, Erhardovina; NEW SPECIES, Ascogregarina polynesiensis, Eimeria golemanskii, Isospora tamariscini; NEW NAME, Gregarina kazumii; NEW COMBINATIONS, Ascogregarina brachyceri (Purrini, 1980), Erhardovina euzeti (Lipa, 1981), E. scutovertexi (Erhardová, 1955), Haemorhormidium batrachi (Chaudhuri & Choudhury, 1983); EMENDATIONS, Selenidium francianum (Arvy, 1952) Tuzet & Ormières, 1965, Pyxinioides bolitoides D. P. Henry, 1938, P. japonicus H. Hoshide, 1951, P. kamenote H. Hoshide, 1951, P. kurofuji H. Hoshide, 1951, P. oshoroensis H. Hoshide, 1951, P. pugetensis D. P. Henry, 1938, Gregarina levinei Haldar & Sarkar, 1980, Retractocephalus halticae Haldar, Chakraborty & Kundu, 1982, Cnemidospora schizophylli Tuzet & Guerin, 1947, Grebneckiella indica (Merton, 1911) Watson, 1916, Quadruspinospora atractomorphae Haldar & Chakraborty, 1978, Haemogregarina acipenseri Nawrotzky, 1914, H. lobianci Yakimov & Kohl-Yakimov, 1912, H. yakimovikohlae Wladimiroff, 1910, Hepatozoon luehi (Sambon, 1909) Pessoa, Cavalheiro & de Souza, 1970, Eimeria beyerae Ovezmukhammedov, 1977, E. (?) gigantea (Labbé, 1896) Reichenow, 1921, E. (?) labbei Hardcastle, 1943, E. rufi Prasad, 1960, E. (?) scylii (Drago, 1902) Levine & Becker, 1933, Isospora corvi Ray, Shivnani, Oommen & Bhaskaran, 1952, I. melopsittaci Bhatia, Chauhan, Arora & Agrawal, 1973, I. seicerci Ray, Shivnani, Oommen & Bhaskaran, 1952, I. stomatici Chakravarty & Kar, 1944, I. triffitae Nukerbaeva & Svanbaev, 1973, Wenyonella mackinnonae Misra, 1947, Octosporella sanguinolentae Ovezmukhammedov, 1975, Lankesterella millani Alvarez Calvo, 1975, Sarcocystis woodhousei Dogel', 1916, Haemoproteus lari Yakunin, 1972, Babesia ninakohlyakimovae (Yakimoff & Shokhor, 1916), Theileria ninakohlyakimovae (Yakimov, 1916) Krylov, 1974, Haemohormidium batrachi (Chaudhuri & Choudhury, 1983).     

广西田东雾云洞更新世脊椎动物群

发现于广西田东雾云洞之脊椎动物化石有9目24科44属种,根据动物群的组成分析并结合地貌特征判断,其时代为中更新世或晚更新世早期。根据动物习性分析,其生存的环境为热带-亚热带温暖湿润的环境。     

A revision of male ants of the Malagasy Amblyoponinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with resurrections of the genera Stigmatomma and Xymmer

In a male-based revision of ants of the subfamily Amblyoponinae from the Southwest Indian Ocean islands (SWIO: Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mayotte, Reunion, and Seychelles), we explore and reconsider male morphological characters that distinguish genera within the group. Our investigation redefines Amblyopone Erichson sensu Brown (1960), here referred to as Amblyopone sensu lato, into three genera: Xymmer Santschi stat. rev.,Amblyopone sensu stricto, Stigmatomma Roger stat. rev. All species names under Amblyopone s. l. reassign into Xymmer and Amblyopone s. s., which are small, well-defined genera, and Stigmatomma, a large group with a generic delimitation that still needs further refinement. Based on a study of male mandible characters and our scenario for mandibular evolution of the worker caste within Amblyopone s. l, we conclude that Amblyopone s. s. nests outside of XMAS (Xymmer+Mystrium+Adetomyrma+Stigmatomma) clade. The following names are transferred from Amblyopone s. l. to Xymmer as comb. rev.: muticus. The following names are transferred from Amblyopone s. l. to Stigmatomma as comb. rev.: amblyops, armigerum, bellii, bierigi, bruni, celata, chilense, denticulatum, elongatum, emeryi, feae, impressifrons, luzonicum, minuta, normandi, oregonense, pallipes, quadratum, reclinatum, rothneyi, santschii, saundersi, silvestrii, zwaluwenburgi; as comb. nov.: agostii, annae, besucheti, boltoni, caliginosum, cleae, crenatum, degeneratum, egregium, electrinum, eminia, exiguum, falcatum, ferrugineum, fulvidum, gaetulicum, gingivalis, glauerti, gnoma, gracile, groehni, heraldoi, lucidum, lurilabes, monrosi, mystriops, noonadan, octodentatum, ophthalmicum, orizabanum, papuanum, pertinax, pluto, punctulatum, rubiginoum, sakaii, smithi, trigonignathum, trilobum, wilsoni, zaojun, and testaceum. A male-based key to the genera of Malagasy amblyoponine ants, their diagnoses, and a discussion of the evolution of the morphological character of males in the subfamily are given, and the distinguishing characters of each are illustrated. In addition, our results predict that Paraprionopelta belongs in the XMAS clade and that Concoctio should have males with two mandibular teeth.     

竹叶的化学成分研究

测定了角竹、高节竹、五月季竹、早竹、白哺鸡竹、毛金竹6个竹种的竹叶中的化学成份,都含有生物碱、氨基酸、有机酸、鞣质、皂甙、还原糖、蛋白质、甙类、蒽醌、香豆素,甾体等有机物质。其中角竹、五月季竹、早竹、白哺鸡竹和毛金竹的竹叶还含有黄酮体,而在高节竹叶中未检出黄酮体。角竹和早竹的竹叶含有Al、Ba、Zr、Ti、Pb、Sn、Ga、Sr、Fe、Zn、B、Mg、Ca、Mn、Si、Ni、Cu、Co和Ag等19种元素,而在高节竹、五月季竹、白哺鸡竹和毛金竹的竹叶中未检出Co元素,含有18种元素。     

Comparison between two classes of selective EP(3) antagonists and their biological activities

Two different series of very potent and selective EP(3) antagonists have been reported: a novel series of ortho-substituted cinnamic acids [Belley, M., Gallant, M., Roy, B., Houde, K., Lachance, N., Labelle, M., Trimble, L., Chauret, N., Li, C., Sawyer, N., Tremblay, N., Lamontagne, S., Carrière, M.-C., Denis, D., Greig, G. M., Slipetz, D., Metters, K. M., Gordon, R., Chan, C. C., Zamboni, R. J. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.2005, 15, 527] and the acylsulfonamides of ortho-(arylmethyl)cinnamates. [(a) Juteau, H., Gareau, Y., Labelle, M., Sturino, C. F., Sawyer, N., Tremblay, N., Lamontagne, S., Carrière, M.-C., Denis, D., Metters, K. M. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2001, 9, 1977; (b) Juteau, H., Gareau, Y., Labelle, M., Lamontagne, S., Tremblay, N., Carrière, M.-C., Denis, D., Sawyer, N., Metters, K. M. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.2001, 11, 747] The structural differences between the two series, along with their biological activity in vivo, in vitro, and metabolism, are analyzed. Some of those compounds, including hybrids containing the best structural features of both series, possess K(i) as low as 0.6 nM on the EP(3) receptor.