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芽胞杆菌菌株产几丁质酶发酵条件的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
从采自大连地区24份土样中分离筛选到一株产几丁质酶活性较高的芽胞杆菌(Bacillus sp.)B-41,该菌株产几丁质酶最适的发酵条件为:碳源为胶体几丁质,氮源为酵母浸汁,pH7.2,温度42℃,振荡培养4天。 相似文献
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从汕头海湾养殖区域的海底沉积物中分离到1株几丁质酶活性较高的菌株, 命名为SWCH-6, 根据菌株的形态特征、生理生化特征和16S rDNA 序列, 确定该菌株为嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophlilla)。采用单因素优化方法结合正交实验, 得到菌株SWCH-6产几丁质酶的最佳发酵条件:胶体几丁质25.0 g/L, 胰蛋白胨10.0 g/L, 陈海水1.0 L, pH 8.5, 32℃, 150 r/min培养72 h; 在该条件下酶活力达0.39 U/mL。此外, 菌株所产几丁质酶的最适催化pH 5.0; 最适催化温度为40℃; Cu2+、Fe3+及表面活性剂Tween-80能增强该酶的催化活性; Zn2+、Mn2+及表面活性剂SDS、洗衣粉对该酶的催化活性有抑制作用, 与其它几丁质酶存在着一些不同。 相似文献
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绿僵菌Ma83几丁质酶的发酵研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本实验从虫生真菌中筛选出金龟子绿僵菌M a83菌株,它的几丁质酶合成能力最强。其产酶的适宜条件是,碳源为胶体几丁质加葡萄糖,氮源为NaNO3,培养温度为28℃,培养基起始pH 6.0;接种量为5 mL液态种,最适装液量为5 mL,添加维生素C可以提高酶活;正交实验表明培养因子的最佳组合是:NaNO31 g/L,胶体几丁质0.6 g/L,酵母膏0.05 g/L,葡萄糖0.10 g/L。根据液态培养产酶过程结果可知,当M a83菌培养6天时,几丁质酶活力达到8.1 U/mL。 相似文献
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链霉菌A048产几丁质酶最佳发酵工艺研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
将链霉菌A048在完全培养基中培养至对数生长末期,离心洗涤收集菌丝体,然后接种入发酵产酶培养基中,进行二步发酵工艺牛产几丁质酶,几丁质酶活力比一步发酵工艺提高1.1倍,发酵周期共54h,比一步发酵工艺缩短66h;把菌丝体与几丁质粉共固定化,接入发酵产酶培养基中培养36h,几丁质酶活力比一步发酵工艺提高1.8倍,发酵周期缩短54h;在二步发酵工岂中另添加0.4%纤维素,几丁质酶活力可提高4倍,比一步发酵工艺提高10倍,酶活力达18.52U/mL。采用几丁质和纤维索双因子诱导二步发酵工艺可能是链霉菌A048生产几丁质酶的最佳工艺。 相似文献
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以胶体几丁质为唯一碳源,从大连渤海湾的底泥样品中分离到1株高产低温几丁质酶的海洋细菌,命名为DL-06。由菌株的形态特征结合16S rDNA系统发育分析,初步确定该菌株属于交替假单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas sp. DL-06)。该菌株经30 h摇瓶发酵后测定粗酶液几丁质酶酶活为9.184 U/mL,最适反应温度为15 ℃,60 ℃孵育1 h仍保持50%以上的酶活性,表明该低温酶具有一定热稳定性。经SDS-PAGE及酶谱分析,该菌株能够产生至少3种以上不同分子质量的几丁质酶组分。Pseudoalteromonas sp. DL-06产几丁质酶在低温下高活性与热稳定特点,使其具有潜在的工业应用价值。 相似文献
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莱氏野村菌产几丁质酶条件及酶学性质研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对莱氏野村菌(Nomuraea rileyi)菌株CQ031021产几丁质酶条件及酶学性质进行了研究。结果表明:该菌株最适产酶碳源为2.0%(W/V)葡萄糖,氮源为1.2%(W/V)复合氮源(蛋白胨、牛肉膏按1∶1的比例),接种量为孢悬液2mL(1×107个/mL),培养温度28℃,培养液初始pH6.0,培养时间6d;一定浓度的吐温-80对几丁质酶活性有促进作用,而SDS有抑制作用;粗酶液最适反应温度50℃,最适pH6.0,在40℃以下及pH5.5~6.5范围内酶活力较稳定。 相似文献
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Chitinolytic activities in Bacillus thuringiensis and their synergistic effects on larvicidal activity 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
AIMS: To investigate the distribution of chitinase in Bacillus thuringiensis strains, and the enhancing effects of the chitinase-producing B. thuringiensis strains on insecticidal toxicity of active B. thuringiensis strain against Spodoptera exigua larvae. METHODS AND RESULTS: The chitinolytic activities of B.thuringiensis strains representing the 70 serotypes were investigated by the whitish opaque halo and the colorimetric method. Thirty-eight strains produced different levels of chitinase at pH 7.0, and so did 17 strains at pH 10.0. The strain T04A001 exhibited the highest production, reaching a specific activity of 355 U ml(-1) in liquid medium. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting showed that the chitinase produced by some B. thuringiensis strains had a molecular weight of about 61 kDa. The bioassay results indicated that the chitinase-producing B. thuringiensis strains could enhance the insecticidal activity of B. thuringiensis strain DL5789 against S. exigua larvae, with an enhancing ratio of 2.35-fold. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that chitinase was widely produced in B. thuringiensis strains and some of the strains could enhance the toxicity of active B. thuringiensis strain. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This is the first investigation devoted exclusively to analyse the distribution of chitinase in B. thuringiensis. It infers that the chitinase produced by B. thuringiensis might play a role in the activity of the biopesticide. 相似文献
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为了解淡水湖渔场底泥中产几丁质酶菌株的产酶量和分布情况,对环洞庭湖的4个淡水湖渔场的表层底泥样品进行了无菌采集。利用稀释涂布平板法、点种法和摇瓶发酵法从底泥样品中筛选分离到26株产几丁质酶菌株,几丁质酶活在0.07~0.69 U/mL之间。对26株产几丁质酶菌株进行16S rRNA基因鉴定和系统发育分析。结果表明,26株菌株都分布于变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)和微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)。且产几丁质酶细菌在4个淡水湖渔场表层底泥中的分布情况为安乐湖>东湖>北民湖>西湖。对产几丁质酶菌株的降解活力、种类组成及数量分布的研究可为淡水湖渔场底泥中产几丁质酶微生物资源的开发及应用提供参考。 相似文献
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In Thermomonospora fusca YX, endocellulase synthesis varies over a 100-fold range depending on the carbon source used. This study shows that the variation is caused by two regulatory mechanisms: an induction mechanism that increases the rate of endocellulase synthesis about 20-fold and a growth rate-dependent repression mechanism that changes the rate of synthesis over a 6-fold range in both induced and noninduced cells. In T. fusca, endocellulase synthesis can be induced by cellulose, cellobiose, or cellodextrin. Cellulase is involved in inducer generation from cellulose. Growth rate-dependent repression can be reversed by limiting cultures for carbon, nitrogen, or, to a lesser extent, phosphorus. Further evidence for two separate regulatory mechanisms is provided by the isolation of mutants (CC-1 and CC-2) whose endocellulases are synthesized constitutively but are still sensitive to growth rate-dependent repression. These conclusions about total endocellulase synthesis were extended to the individual endocellulases by showing that three T. fusca endocellulases are coordinately regulated. 相似文献
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An antifungal chitinase produced by Bacillus cereus with shrimp and crab shell powder as a carbon source 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The production of inexpensive chitinolytic enzymes is an element in the utilization of shellfish processing wastes. In this study, shrimp and crab shell powder prepared by treating shrimp and crab processing wastes with boiling and crushing was used as a substrate for the isolation of an antifungal chitinase-producing microorganism. Bacillus cereus YQ 308, a strain isolated from the soil samples, excreted one chitinase when cultured in a medium containing 2% (wt/vol) shrimp and crab shell powder as major carbon source. The chitinase, purified by sequential chromatography, had an Mr of 48 kDa and pI of 5.2. The purified chitinase (2 mg/ml) inhibited the hyphal extension of the fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Pythium ultimum. 相似文献
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A gene encoding chitinase from Serratia marcescens BJL200 was cloned into a broad-host-range vector (pRK415) and mobilized into Sinorhizobium fredii USDA191. Chitinolytic activity was detected in S. fredii USDA191 transconjugants that carried the S. marcescens chiB gene. Chitinase-producing S. fredii USDA191 formed nodules on soybean cultivar McCall. However, there was a delay in nodule formation and a marked decrease in the total number of nodules formed by the chitinase-producing S. fredii in comparison with the wild-type strain. Expression of chitinase in S. meliloti RCR2011 also impeded alfalfa nodulation. Thin-layer chromatography of 14C-labeled Nod factors from chitinase-producing S. fredii USDA191 revealed hydrolysis of lipochitooligosaccharides. 相似文献
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Optimal conditions for chitinase production by<Emphasis Type="Italic">Serratia marcescens</Emphasis>
A chitinase-producing bacterium was isolated from seashore mud around Beobseongpo in Chunmam province through the use of a
selective enrichment culture. The best chitinase producing strain was isolated and identified asSerratia marcescens KY from its characteristics. For effective production of chitinase, optimum pH, temperature, and agitation speed were investigated
in flask cultures. The optimum pH usingSerratia marcescens KY was between pH 6 and 7 and the chitinase produced was 37.9 unit/mL. On the other hand, the optimal pH of theSerratia marcescens ATCC 27117 was 7.5, and the produced amount of chitinase was 35.2 unit/mL. The optimal temperature for chitinase production
forSerratia marcescens KY andSerratia marcescens ATCC 27117 was 30°C. The cell growth pattern at different temperature was almost identical to the chitinase production. To
investigate the optimal shaking speed under optimal culture, speeds were varied in the range of 0≈300 rpm. The maximum production
of chitinase was carried at 200 rpm although the cell growth was the highest at 150 rpm. It indicates that oxygen adjustment
is required for the maximum chitinase production. Using optimal conditions, batch cultures for comparingSerratia marcescens KY andSerratia marcescens ATCC 27117 were carried out in a 5 L fermentor. The oxygen consumption was increased with the increase of culture. Especially,
at 120 h of cultureSerratia marcescens KY andSerratia marcescens ATCC 27117 produced 38.3 unit/mL, and 33.5 unit/mL, respectively. 相似文献
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Chang Wen-Teish Chen Ming-Lun Wang San-Lang 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2010,26(5):945-950
The production of inexpensive chitinolytic enzymes is an element in the utilization of shellfish-processing waste. In this
study, shrimp and crab shell powder, prepared by treating shrimp- and crab-processing waste by boiling and crushing, was used
as a substrate for the isolation of an antifungal chitinase-producing microorganism. Bacillus subtilis NPU 001, a strain isolated from soil samples, excreted a chitinase when cultured in a medium containing 2% (w/v) shrimp and
crab shell powder as the major carbon source. The chitinase, which was purified by sequential chromatography, had a Mw of
31 kDa and a pI of 5.4. The purified chitinase (2 mg ml−1) inhibited hyphal extension of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum. Compared with other known bacterial chitinases, the unique characteristics of NPU 001 chitinase include antifungal activity
against plant-pathogenic fungi and the production of chitotriose as the major enzymatic hydrolysate from colloidal chitin. 相似文献