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对陕南西乡化石库发现的马哈螺类化石和棱管壳类化石做了统计和描述,补充了马哈螺类新的属征,建立新种西乡拟鳞锥Ramentoides xixiangensis sp. nov.。马哈螺和棱管壳表面装饰存在差异,并非同一物种上掉落的骨片,本文展示的马哈螺新的特征与"骨针壳"假说存在矛盾,马哈螺在形态上表现出软体动物单板类最原始的特征,而棱管壳则与halkieriids存在密切的亲缘关系。本文报道了马哈螺类化石的新形态,丰富了对马哈螺类和棱管壳类的认识,对确立马哈螺和棱管壳的亲缘关系和分类位置提供了新的材料。 相似文献
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云南澄江及梅树村早寒武世黑林铺组(玉案山段及石岩头段)的帽形化石,被命名为云南太阳女神螺(新种),这是澄江生物群内软体动物化石的初次发现。根据梅树村及澄江的地层层位,该种由梅树村阶上部可延至筇竹寺阶,玉案山段软体动物稀少的原因与环境的波动,如潮汐影响近海沉积环境有关。 相似文献
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原牙形类和牙形状化石是早寒武世微小骨骼化石中非常特征的一个类群。自二十世纪70年代以来,这些齿状的微型磷质骨片化石在中国下寒武统含小壳化石地层中被大量发现,据统计已描述有25属52种。通过文中的评述和讨论,证实其中的一些属种是次异名或属于无效的分类名称,还有一些在归属上尚存在疑问。通过对原牙形类和牙形状化石定义的讨论,将先前指定为原牙形类的13个属进行了分类评述。表明其中的5个属是次异名,还有2个属是未知的节肢动物。其它的12个牙形状化石属中也有5个属是次异名,它们不仅显示了有多种动物亲缘的牙形状形态,而且大多属于绝灭生物,只有Beshtashella和Paraformitchella(=Beshtashella)被指定为软体动物。文中还简要地讨论了大多数属的时空分布,包括3个阶段的原牙形类地层分布,这不仅具有划分对比地层的意义,而且还反映了原牙形类的演化趋势。 相似文献
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对滇东会泽雨碌、寻甸摆宰早寒武世梅树村期软舌螺壳质微细结构的研究表明,软舌螺壳的孔沟系统十分发育,壳的外层由分叉与合并呈纵向排列的长纤束组成,内层由横向分布的粒柬组成。在外层纤柬之间和纤柬内分布有大量的三角形或长椭圆形的孔洞,这些孔洞的长轴平行于壳的生长方向;在内层粒束之间或粒柬内有横向分布的长沟。内外层的沟孔可以相通。在一些软舌螺纵向和横向的切片中,均发现早期磷酸岩化作用中已被磷质颗粒充填的孔沟形态,这些孔沟分布相当密集,基本垂直壳面,几乎通达壳壁的顶底。多孔性的壳既反映了软舌螺对其特殊的生理和生态功能的要求,也反映了早期带壳动物的原始性和它们在早期生物矿化作用中的特殊地位。 相似文献
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本文中所描述的化石,系笔者于1978年采自湖北宜昌黄山洞剖面下寒武统灯影组黄鳝洞段灰棕色磷质白云岩中.与这种化石共生的有扬子微型软体动物群(Yangtze Micromolluscan Fauna)中的多板类 Tchangsichiton notabilus Yu, Sinuconus clypeus Yu; 节壳类 Yangtzemerisma rarum Yu, Y.? cancellatum Yu; 单板类 Yangtzeconus priscus Yu, Huangshan dongoconus pileus Yu, Obtusoconus paucicostatus Yu, O. rostriptutea (Qian), Spatuloconus rudis Yu; 相似文献
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陕西南部早寒武世原始锥石类carinachitids两新种记述 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
对陕西宁强宽川铺地区灯影组宽川铺段原始锥石类carinachitids两个新种Emeiconularia amplicanalis sp.nov.和Carinachites platus sp.nov.进行了记述。外表形态多样、个体大小悬殊的两辐对称、三辐对称和四辐对称的carinachitids系列标本的发现,揭示了陕南地区早寒武世丰富多样的carinachitids生命世界。三辐射对称的Emeiconularia在四川峨眉及陕西南部的震旦-寒武系界线附近都有分布,因而对前寒武纪—寒武纪跨界地层具有划分对比意义。两新种的发现无疑增加了我们对早期锥石类多样性的认识,为证实多样性的刺细胞动物在早寒武世早期已经存在的假说提供了新线索。 相似文献
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后生动物胚胎化石研究对了解寒武纪大爆发中生命的个体及系统发育具有十分重要的意义。陕南早寒武世灯影组宽川铺段发现大量磷酸盐化的球状化石标本,其中的一些为保存有十分精细的星状表饰的胚胎化石,目前发现至少3种具星状纹饰的胚胎化石:圆球状胚胎、具中央收缩带的球状胚胎和表面具“拉伸构造”的花生状胚胎,其中后者为新类型。研究表明,此新类型在演化序列上处于圆球状胚胎、具中央收缩带的球状胚胎发育阶段之后,是胚胎向成体演化的一个重要中间过渡环节,这一发现为研究早寒武世早期后生动物胚胎及个体发育提供了新线索。 相似文献
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通过昆明海口马房村同一个采坑的化石连续采集和统计,对澄江化石库中两种埋藏相(以事件层泥岩和背景层泥岩所代表)内化石保存和组合特征进行定量研究,结果表明:(1)事件层内化石量并不随单一事件层厚度变化而变化。物种在剖面上不同层位的事件层内分布不均匀,表现为单层富集现象;而背景层内的化石含量与背景层的沉积厚度有关,背景层的沉积厚度越厚,化石数量就越多。(2)事件层与背景层内化石组合和结构存在很大差异。事件层内化石组合与背景层内化石组合相比具有更多的物种组成和更复杂的古群落结构;而背景层内化石组合面貌单调,在剖面上保持稳定。(3)事件层内化石生物体腐烂发生在埋藏之后,绝大多数化石生物是被活埋后保存下来的;而背景层内化石主要表现为外壳和弱矿化有机质生物表皮在海床表面长时间停滞而堆积形成,明显受到时间均衡作用(time-average)的影响。(4)事件层内化石在埋藏前无搬运作用,或发生近原栖息地的快速搬运,埋藏后无生物扰动。背景层内大量壳体相连的双瓣壳节肢动物化石和完整海绵体化石的存在则表明,背景层代表一个低氧、低能并具有有限生物扰动的沉积环境。 相似文献
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ARTEM V. KOUCHINSKY 《Lethaia: An International Journal of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy》1999,32(2):173-180
Internal moulds of the laterally compressed monoplacophoran Anabarella plana Vostokova, 1962, and likely earliest rostroconch Watsonella Grabau, 1900, from the Early Cambrian of the Siberian Platform, show similar microstructures. The moulds are covered with a thin phosphatic crust replicating the inner morphology and microstructure of the shells. The shells were completely removed during etching of the samples in 10% acetic acid, except for some moulds of Watsonella sp., which retained an incompletely preserved and recrystallized wall. Three types of microtexture were found in moulds of Anabarella and Watsonella : polygonal, spiny and step-wise. The polygonal texture is well exposed in the apical area and dorsal margin and is interpreted to represent a prismatic outer layer. The polygons can be partially overlapped by spiny and stepwise textures that may represent a crossed-lamellar inner layer. Prisms and lamellae were first-order structural units, probably consisting of fibers. The similar shell microstructures of Anabarella and Watsonella , especially at the dorsal margins, support the hypothesis that a laterally compressed monoplacophoran such as Anabarella plana was the first evolutionary step from monoplacophorans towards Early Cambrian bivalves via the earliest rostroconch-like Watsonella. 相似文献
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河南叶县下寒武统辛集组单板类和腹足类化石的研究 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:5
本文描述和讨论了河南叶县杨寺庄下寒武统辛集组单板类13种,腹足类2种,未定类1种。其中包括2新属6新种:Repenoconus xinjiensis gen.nov.,Scenella pycna sp.nov.,Securiconus vulgaris sp.nov.,Obtusocnus grossicostus sp.nov.,Igorellina proboscis sp.nov.,Gal 相似文献
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Reevaluation of the systematic position of Scenella 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ELLIS L. YOCHELSON DOLORES GIL CID 《Lethaia: An International Journal of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy》1984,17(4):331-340
Specimens originally illustrated from Lower Cambrian rocks of the Sierra Morena in Badajoz and Sevilla Provinces, southwestern Spain are supplemented by new material from another locality and are described as Scenella morenensis n. sp. Although Scenella was originally considered to be a patelliform gastropod, for three decades now the genus has been classified as a monoplacophoran. The type species of Scenella, S. reticulata Billings, does not show any paired muscles scars, nor does this new species; such scars are indicative of the Monoplacophora. This new species of Scenella does exhibit features which suggest assignment to the chondrophorine coelenterates. If so, Scenella cannot represent the ancestral form of mollusk. 相似文献
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《Palaeoworld》2019,28(3):225-233
The Cambrian Fortunian fossil embryos exhibit embryonic development of ancient animals and hence have important bearings on evolutionary developmental biology. They have radial symmetry, and may be early representatives of cnidarians. Here we report new material of three-dimensionally phosphatized fossil embryos from the Fortunian Kuanchuanpu Formation and coeval strata in northern Sichuan and southern Shaanxi provinces, South China. The new material includes previously reported fossil embryos assignable to Pseudooides prima with biradial symmetry or pseudo-hexaradial symmetry, Quadrapyrgites quadratacris with tetraradial symmetry, and Olivooides multisulcatus with pentaradial symmetry. Additionally, we recovered two new types of fossil embryos, i.e., Embryo I with hexaradial symmetry and Embryo II with octaradial symmetry, and they are tentatively suggested to represent new cnidarians. In contrast to the diverse radial symmetry of the Fortunian cnidarians, modern cnidarians exhibit stable tetraradial symmetry in medusozoans, biradial symmetry in anthozoans, and bilateral symmetry in siphonophores (Hydrozoa). The current study supports the view that the tetraradial symmetry of modern medusozoans is a surviving remnant of their Fortunian relatives. 相似文献
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Yu. E. Demidenko 《Paleontological Journal》2006,40(3):234-243
The association of isolated remains of lobopods with a netlike structure, including plates of Microdictyon rozanovi sp. nov. and sclerites with spinelike process of Onychomicrodictyon spiniferum gen. et sp. nov., as well as saberlike sclerites of Protohertzina yudomica sp. nov. interpreted as grasping spines of chaetognaths, is described from the middle part of the Inikan Formation of the Toyonian Stage of the Lower Cambrian (Lermontovia dzevanovskii Zone). The diagnoses and species composition of the genera Microdictyon and Protohertzina are refined. 相似文献
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贵州松桃县黄莲村西的黄莲剖面杷榔组厚417.8m,主要由深灰色钙质泥岩组成,岩性与湘西、黔东杷榔组基本相似,除底部38m未见三叶虫外,以上均含有三叶虫,由下而上可分为2个三叶虫带,下为Oryctocarella duyunensis带(38—83m),化石较少;上为Oryctocarella duyunensis-Arthricocephlus chauveaui组合带(83 m以上)。除Arthricocephlus chauveaui外,还含有A.xinzhaiheensis,Oryctocarella duyunensis,O.sibirica?,O.balangensis,Duyunaspis duyunensis,Changaspis elongata及Redlichia (Pteroredlichia)murakamii。与剑河交榜潜在的寒武系第四阶国际层型剖面下部2个三叶虫带Oryctocarella duyunensis-Arthricocephlus chauveaui组合带及Oryctocarella duyunensis带完全相同,也可和格陵兰北部Freachen land及Peary land等地Henson Gletscher组对比。黄莲剖面是潜在的寒武系第四阶国际层型剖面剑河交榜杷榔组剖面的良好辅助剖面。 相似文献
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描述陕南地区下寒武统筇竹寺阶软舌螺化石6属8种,其中有5新属(Ningqiangethus gen.nov.,Bilgulitheca gen.nov.,Xixiangethes gen.nov.,Paranicrocornus gen.no.,Inflatatheca gen.nov.),新种,1相似种,1未定种。从组织结构和面貌上论述筇竹寺阶软舌螺和梅树村阶软舌螺匠区别,筇笔直寺阶的软舌螺不仅个体增大、背腹分异、口唇发育、壳体与口盖常共存,而且属种分异度大,为进一步研究软舌螺动物的早期演化和解决下寒武统生物地层划分为对比提供重要的实证材料。 相似文献
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Lapworthella属原有28种,经过笔者研究,仅有14种可以成立(包括新种)。Lapworthella xinjiangensis sp. nov.产于新疆乌什玉尔吐斯组,它的发现为塔里木地块下寒武统的对比提供了新依据。 相似文献
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黑龙江伊春早寒武世西伯利亚型动物群 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
记述黑龙江伊春地区早寒武世含多门类小壳化石的三叶虫为主的动物群,并依据东北北部及其紧邻俄罗斯境内的寒武纪地层及动物群特征,论证了东北北部地区的沉积-生物-构造古地理属于西伯利亚构造域,华北与西伯利亚两大构造域的对接主带应在二连浩特-西拉木伦-长春-延吉-符拉迪沃期斯克一线。 相似文献