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《Cell reports》2023,42(2):112086
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2024年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予美国科学家维克多·安布罗斯(Victor Ambros)和加里·鲁夫昆(Gary Ruvkun),以表彰他们发现微RNA(microRNA,miRNA)及其在转录后对基因表达的调控作用。miRNA的发现,不仅开启了非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA)这一新的研究领域,也修改了生命科学领域经典的“中心法则”,即遗传信息沿着“DNA转录成mRNA,再翻译成蛋白质,最后发挥生物学功能”这一线性的传递模式,细胞内mRNA与其他ncRNA,如长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)、环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)等由于竞争性结合miRNAs,从而形成了一个庞大而复杂的基因表达调控网络,即竞争性内源RNA(competing endogenous RNA,ceRNA)调控网络。同时miRNA本身也是由基因组上的基因编码,自身的表达也受其他编码或ncRNA的调控,miRNA与mRNA及其他ncRNA共同精细地调控了细胞的生命活动,并影响着机体的生理或病理功能,miRNA的表达失调与很多疾病的发生发展有着密切的联系,也为疾病诊疗提供了新的分子标记和靶点。本文总结了miRNA的发现过程、发生机制和生物学功能及miRNA与其他ncRNA之间的作用网络,并展望了miRNA的应用前景。  相似文献   

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利用GEO数据库(gene expression omnibus database)通过生物信息学分析方法探讨急性髓系白血病(acute myelogenous leukemia,AML)的发病机制。检索GEO数据库中AML相关芯片数据集GSE142698、GSE142699和GSE96535。利用GEO2R分析得到差异mRNAs、miRNAs以及差异lncRNAs。利用在线生物信息学分析工具DAVID对差异mRNAs进行GO富集分析和KEGG通路分析。利用miRWalk数据库预测AML相关miRNAs的靶向mRNAs,利用Spongescan数据库预测AML相关miRNAs的靶向lncRNAs,构建lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA竞争性内源RNA (competing endogenous RNA,ceRNA)调控网络。共筛选出29个显著差异mRNAs、70个显著差异miRNAs和20 005个显著差异lncRNAs。GO富集分析和KEGG通路分析显示,差异表达基因主要涉及蛋白磷酸化、细胞分裂、细胞增殖的负调控、基因表达的正向调节、周期蛋白依赖的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶活性的调节等生物过程以及细胞周期、细胞衰老、癌症通路、PI3K-Akt通路等信号通路。将miRWalk数据库预测的靶向mRNAs与差异mRNAs取交集,Spongescan数据库预测的靶向lncRNAs与差异lncRNAs取交集,分别确定了25个mRNAs、6个lncRNAs参与AML相关ceRNA调控网络的构建。结果表明,lncRNAs可能作为关键的ceRNA,通过调控miRNA和相关靶基因参与AML的发生与发展,研究结果为AML诊断和治疗的分子生物学研究提供了新的依据。  相似文献   

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环状RNA(circRNA)广泛存在于各种生物细胞中,具有结构稳定、丰度高和组织特异性表达等特征。最近的研究表明,一些circRNA作为竞争性内源NRNA(ceRNA)来发挥基因表达调控的作用。circRNA利用其microRNA(miRNA)应答元件结合miRNA,以阻断miRNA对其靶标表达的抑制作用,从而调控其他相关RNA的表达水平。circRNA在基因表达调控中重要作用的发现不仅丰富了人们对ceRNAiN控网络的认识,而且提示circRNA在药物开发和疾病诊治中具有良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

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The connection between circular RNAs (circRNAs) and gastric cancer has been reported widely in recent years. However, previous studies have focused mainly on circRNAs from gastric cancer tissue. The objectives of the present study were to detect dysregulated circRNAs from both tissue and plasma of patients with gastric cancer and to explore their potential roles in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Expression profiles of circRNAs were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed using the GEO2R tool to identify differential expressed circRNAs. The significance threshold was set as |log2 (fold change)| > 2 and adjusted P < .05. The microRNA (miRNA) binding sites of the differentially expressed circRNAs were predicted using the Circular RNA Interactome web tool. TargetScan and the miRNet database were used to predict the miRNA target genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were performed using Database for Annotation Visualization and Integrated Discovery. Hub genes were identified and a network was constructed with Cytoscape. The overall survival rates for the selected miRNAs and messenger RNAs were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier Plotter. A total of three downregulated circRNAs (hsa_circ_0001190, hsa_circ_0036287, and hsa_circ_0048607) were identified in this study. Six miRNAs and eight hub genes met the significance criteria and were selected for further analysis. A circRNA-miRNA-hub gene network was constructed based on three circRNAs, six miRNAs, and eight hub genes. Evaluation of overall survival rates for the hub genes showed that low expression levels of GADD45A, PPP1CB, PJA2, and KLF2 were associated with poor overall survival. This study identified potential novel plasma circRNA biomarkers and provides insights into the underlying mechanisms of gastric cancer pathogenesis.  相似文献   

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Increasing studies have revealed that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in cancer progression. However, the potential involvement of circRNAs in breast cancer metastasis to lung is not clear so far. In this study, we conducted circular RNA microarrays of primary breast cancer tissues and lung metastatic tissues. The results revealed that circFBXL5 (hsa_circ_0125597) up‐regulated the most in lung metastatic tissues. Survival analysis revealed that high levels of circFBXL5 correlated with worse outcome of breast cancer. Further experiments showed that knockdown of circFBXL5 inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and migration to lung. Mechanism study showed that circFBXL5 acted as a sponge for miR‐660 and compete binding to miR‐660 with SRSF6, leading to increased expression of SRSF6. Collectively, our study highlighted the regulatory function of the circFBXL5/miR‐660/SRSF6 pathway in breast cancer progression, which could be potential therapeutic targets for breast cancer.  相似文献   

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环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)是近年来RNA领域最新的研究热点.它是一类由特殊的选择性剪切产生且在真核细胞中广泛表达的环形内源性RNA分子.研究发现,circRNA富含microRNA(miRNA)结合位点,可以发挥竞争性内源RNA作用,作为miRNA\"海绵\"来解除对其靶基因的抑制效应.近年来,circRNA作为一种新型调控分子调控miRNA功能的发挥,受到众多研究者的青睐.本文综述circRNA的产生机制,及其调控miRNA的最新研究进展与研究方法等.  相似文献   

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李静秋  杨杰  周平  乐燕萍  龚朝辉 《遗传》2015,37(8):756-764
最新研究表明,RNA之间可以通过竞争结合共同的microRNA反应元件(microRNA response element, MRE)实现相互调节,这种调控模式构成竞争性内源RNA(Competing endogenous RNA, ceRNA)。已发现的ceRNA包括蛋白编码mRNA和非编码RNA,其中后者包括假基因转录物、长链非编码RNA(Long non-coding RNA, lncRNA)、环状RNA(Circular RNA, circRNA)等。文章主要从ceRNA分类的角度,阐述各类ceRNA构成的调控网络发挥的生物学功能在病理和生理相关过程中的作用,以及可能影响ceRNA调控有效性的因素。  相似文献   

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The competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis suggests that a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) can function as sinks for pools of microRNAs (miRNAs); thereby, in the presence of ceRNA, messenger RNAs (mRNAs) targeted by specific miRNAs can liberate and translate to protein. Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) is a lncRNA, which its expression has been detected in various normal tissues, while it is lost or downregulated in human tumors. The MEG3 is an imprinted gene which, is methylated and suppressed by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) family. Also, miRNAs are involved in the regulation of MEG3 gene expression. Interestingly, the lncRNA MEG3 (lnc-MEG3), as a ceRNA affects various cell processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis by sponging miRNAs. These miRNAs, in turn, regulate different mRNAs in different pathways. This review focuses on the interaction between lnc-MEG3 and experimentally validated miRNAs. In addition, the discussion supplemented by some data obtained from mirPath (v.3) and TarBase (v.8) databanks to provide more details about the pathways affected by this ceRNA.  相似文献   

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长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)参与肿瘤的多种生理、病理进程.研究表明,lncRNA可通过与微小RNA (microRNA, mi RNA)反应元件相互作用,并与其他RNA分子形成竞争性内源RNA (competing endogenous RNA,ceRNA)的调控网络,参与基因的表达调控.lncRNA以ceRNA方式参与非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)的发生发展过程,为揭示NSCLC的分子机理开拓了新的思路,也为NSCLC的治疗提供新的靶点.本文在课题组前期发现NSCLC相关ceRNA基础上,主要讨论lncRNA作为ceRNA在NSCLC中高表达、低表达及治疗相关方面的作用.  相似文献   

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A growing body of studies has demonstrated that long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) are regarded as the primary section of the ceRNA network. This is thought to be the case owing to its regulation of protein‐coding gene expression by functioning as miRNA sponges. However, functional roles and regulatory mechanisms of lncRNA‐mediated ceRNA in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC), as well as their use for potential prediction of CESC prognosis, remains unknown. The aberrant expression profiles of mRNA, lncRNA, and miRNA of 306 cervical squamous cancer tissues and three adjacent cervical tissues were obtained from the TCGA database. A lncRNA‐mRNA‐miRNA ceRNA network in CESC was constructed. Meanwhile, Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analysis were performed using Cytoscape plug‐in BinGo and DAVID database. We identified a total of 493 lncRNA, 70 miRNA, and 1921 mRNA as differentially expressed profiles. An aberrant lncRNA‐mRNA‐miRNA ceRNA network was constructed in CESC, it was composed of 50 DElncRNA, 18 DEmiRNA, and 81 DEmRNA. According to the overall survival analysis, 3 out of 50 lncRNA, 10 out of 81 mRNA, and 1 out of 18 miRNA functioned as prognostic biomarkers for patients with CESC (P value < 0.05). We extracted the sub‐network in the ceRNA network and found that two novel lncRNA were recognized as key genes. These included lncRNA MEG3 and lncRNA ADAMTS9‐AS2. The present study provides a new insight into a better understanding of the lncRNA‐related ceRNA network in CESC, and the novel recognized ceRNA network will help us to improve our understanding of lncRNA‐mediated ceRNA regulatory mechanisms in the pathogenesis of CESC.  相似文献   

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Context: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most common cardiomyopathy in children. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small RNAs which have regulatory functions in many biological processes.

Objective: We aimed to determine miRNA expression levels in plasma of children with DCM.

Materials and methods: Plasma expression levels of 379 miRNAs were compared between 23 DCM and 26 healthy children.

Results: The expression levels of miR-618, miR-875-3p, miR-205, miR-194, miR-302a, miR-147, and miR-544 were found decreased. The expression levels of miR-518f and miR-454 were found increased in DCM patients.

Discussion: miRNA level differences may provide the chance of using these miRNAs as new biomarkers.  相似文献   

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Recently, several studies reported that urocortin (Ucn) had beneficial effects on cardiovascular system and was expressed both in the normal heart and in the heart of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), yet the relationship between high expression of Ucn and pathophysiology of Ucn in diseased heart has been discussed. Thus, the present study was designed to elucidate the expression of Ucn in the diseased heart by immunohistochemical approach using endomyocardial biopsy specimens. The involvement of immunoreactive Ucn in pathophysiology of cardiac disease was evaluated using endomyocardial biopsy specimens obtained from the patients with some heart diseases, including DCM and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Ucn was detected in all endomyocardial biopsy specimens of ventricular tissue obtained from the patients with such cardiac diseases, a specimens of atrial tissue, and normal heart specimens obtained from autopsy cases. In DCM patients, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure significantly elevated in severely stained group. On the contrary, in HCM patients, left ventricular ejection fraction was higher in the severely stained group. Ucn was expressed more abundantly in the diseased heart, especially in HCM and DCM, than in the normal heart. In conclusion, such close relationship between Ucn expression in the heart and cardiac function indicated that clinical features of Ucn resembled those of norepinephrine and Ucn could play a certain pathophysiological roles in the cardiac diseases.  相似文献   

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【目的】通过测定lncRNA13922在西方蜜蜂Apis mellifera工蜂不同发育阶段和成虫组织的表达谱,并解析lncRNA13922的调控方式和作用,为进一步探究lncRNA13922的调控功能和机制提供科学依据。【方法】通过RT-PCR验证lncRNA13922在西方蜜蜂工蜂成虫不同组织(触角、毒腺、脑、中肠、脂肪体、表皮和咽下腺)中的表达量;采用RT-qPCR检测lncRNA13922在西方蜜蜂工蜂不同发育阶段(卵、幼虫、预蛹、蛹和成虫)和工蜂成虫组织(触角、毒腺、脑、中肠、脂肪体、表皮和咽下腺)中的相对表达量;通过Pearson相关性分析预测与西方蜜蜂lncRNA13922共表达的mRNA;利用miRDeep2将lncRNA13922的核苷酸序列比对到miRBase数据库,再通过miRPara来预测miRNA前体;联用Miranda, RNAhybrid和TargetScan软件分别预测lncRNA13922靶向的miRNA及miRNA靶向的mRNA,取交集作为可靠的靶标集合;根据靶向关系构建竞争性内源RNA(competing endogenous RNA, ceRNA)调控网络,进而利用相关软件对靶mRNA进行GO和KEGG数据库注释。【结果】lncRNA13922在西方蜜蜂工蜂成虫的触角、脑、中肠、脂肪体、咽下腺、表皮和毒腺均能被扩增出符合预期大小(约127 bp)的目的片段。lncRNA13922在西方蜜蜂卵、 3日龄幼虫、 1和2日龄预蛹及4日龄蛹中差异表达,在卵中的表达量最高,且显著高于3日龄幼虫及1和2日龄预蛹中的表达量;lncRNA13922在1, 2, 6, 12, 15和17日龄成虫体内均有表达,但表达量存在差异;lncRNA13922在2日龄成虫体内的表达量最高且显著高于1和17日龄成虫体内的表达量。lncRNA13922在西方蜜蜂工蜂成虫上述7种组织中差异表达,在毒腺中的表达量最高,且显著高于脑、中肠、脂肪体和咽下腺中的表达量。lncRNA13922与29条mRNA潜在共表达且它们的表达量具有正相关关系,与12条mRNA潜在共表达且它们的表达量具有负相关关系。lncRNA13922可作为2个miRNA的潜在前体。lncRNA13922可靶向75个miRNA进而靶向1 833条mRNA。上述靶mRNA涉及细胞部分和细胞等603个GO条目与内吞作用和嘌呤代谢等56条KEGG通路。【结论】西方蜜蜂lncRNA13922在工蜂的不同发育阶段和成虫不同组织中动态差异表达,并通过反式作用、miRNA前体和ceRNA作用网络潜在参与调控发育过程。  相似文献   

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