浅谈病例导入式教学在妇产科理论教学中的应用

目的：将CBS教学法运用于妇产科学的教学中,探讨其教学效果。方法：在妇产科学教学中,将我校2005级临床医学160名本科学生分为试验组（CBS教学法）和对照组（传统讲授方法）。结果：学科考试中,试验组的平均分数显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论：CBS教学法是行之有效并且切实可行的,对提高妇产科学的教学质量、提高学生的综合能力具有积极的意义。     

CBS 教学法在药学专业临床药物治疗学教学中的应用

目的:改变药学专业临床药物治疗学的传统教学方法,提高学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。方法:精心设计教学内容,采用CBS教学法进行教学改革。结果:表明CBS教学法可激发学生的学习兴趣,帮助学生建立正确的临床药物治疗思维,已初步取得良好教学效果。结论:CBS教学法优于传统教学模式。     

CBS联合PBL护理查房方式在ICU教学查房中的应用分析

目的改进护理教学查房模式,培养学生独立主动解决问题的能力。方法将案例教学法(CBS)联合问题式教学法(PBL)应用于护理业务查房中,并对查房质量进行评价。结果运用CBS联合PBL护理查房教学模式具有活泼、新颖的特点,能激发学生学习的主动性,提高学生综合素质和业务能力。结论将CBS联合PBL教学法应用于重症监护病房(ICU)护理业务查房中,有利培养学生终身学习的能力,拓宽了知识结构和思维能力,团队协作精神,能有效地提升查房质量和效率,激发学习兴趣。     

BBL教学法在神经内科实习教学中的应用

目的:探讨BBL教学法在神经内科临床实习中的应用效果。方法:以第四军医大学2009级、2010级临床医学专业五年制60名学生为研究对象,随机分为试验组和对照组,在神经内科实习教学中分别接受BBL教学法或传统教学法,以试卷考试和问卷调查评价教学效果。结果:试验组和对照组基础理论知识和病历书写成绩无明显差异,但试验组的病例分析成绩和总成绩与对照组比较有统计学差异(P0.05)。学生对BBL教学法的效果评价明显优于传统教学法,BBL教学法对学生在实习兴趣、独立思维能力、自主解决问题能力、团队协作能力、灵活运用知识能力、人文关怀意识等方面的提升明显好于传统教学法。结论:BBL教学法在保证学生掌握基础知识的同时,提升了学生的各项能力,适合在神经内科实习教学中推广应用。     

CBS教学法在药学专业临床药物治疗学教学中的应用

目的：改变药学专业临床药物治疗学的传统教学方法,提高学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。方法：精心设计教学内容,采用CBS教学法进行教学改革。结果：表明CBS教学法可激发学生的学习兴趣,帮助学生建立正确的临床药物治疗思维,已初步取得良好教学效果。结论：CBS教学法优于传统教学模式。     

PBL+SP教学方法在七年制妇产科实习教学中的应用

目的:探讨PBL+SP教学方法在七年制妇产科实习教学中的应用效果.方法:以哈尔滨医科大学七年制三个班共105名学生为研究对象,随机选取PBL+SP教学试验组及传统方式+SP教学对照组研究对象,在妇产科实习教学中采用不同的教学方法,以阶段考试评价教学效果.结果:试验组和对照组基础知识题得分无明显差异,试验组病例分析题得分与对照组有统计学差异(P＜0.05).结论:PBL+SP教学方法既能锻炼学生的临床思维能力,又能保证基础知识的掌握,适合在七年制学生实习教学中应用.     

《妇产科护理学》教学中融人文关怀理念的探讨

目的:在高职《妇产科护理学》教学中融入人文关怀理念,探讨护生人文关怀能力提高的方法。方法:随机选取我校2012级护生146名将,其分为对照组和实验组各73名;对照组采用传统讲授教学法,实验组采用融人文关怀理念于教学中的多种教学法相结合;所有学生实验前后均填写人文关怀能力评价量表。结果:1.实验前,两组的人文关怀能力得分无统计学差异,P〉0.05。2.实验后,实验组人文关怀能力得分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:《妇产科护理学》的教学融人文关怀理念有利于提高护生的人文关怀能力。     

案例教学法在肿瘤内科教学中的应用研究

目的:以《内科学案例集》作为临床肿瘤内科学教学教材,探讨案例教学法应用教学效果。方法:以临床医学专业见实习生作为本次调查研究对象,对2009级和2008级学生分别采用案例教学法和传统教学法,课程结束后进行问卷调查,了解教学效果,并对比两组学生期末与内科出科考试成绩。结果:(1)案例教学法实施后,学生临床思维能力、观察能力、自学能力等均明显提高,两组间比较有显著统计学意义(P0.05);(2)在学期成绩比较中,案例教学组成绩比对照组高,成绩间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:在临床肿瘤内科学教学中应用案例教学法,教学效果较为显著,因此可以尝试在肿瘤教学中推广使用这种教学方式,但是在应用过程中需要进一步加以完善。     

模拟情景剧教学在中医急诊学后期临床实践教学中的应用

目的探讨模拟情景剧教学法在中医急诊教学后期临床实践教学的影响。方法选取我院2012级中医本科生238名为研究对象,随机分成模拟情景剧教学法教学(实验组)和传统教学法教学(对照组),并对两组学生的理论及技能考试成绩进行比较;同时对学生进行问卷调查,从临床操作知识掌握、操作能力、心理素质、团队合作能力等方面进行自我评价,比较两组学生主观评价的差异。结果实验组学生理论考试成绩与对照组比较,无明显差异性(P0.05),而技能考试成绩明显优于对照组(P0.05);实验组学生在对理论知识的掌握、临床操作熟练度、心理素质、团队合作能力等方面的认可程度明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论模拟情景剧教学法有利于提高学生的理解能力、临床操作能力、心理素质、团队协作能力,是符合中医急诊学后期临床实践教学特点的一种教学模式,值得推广。     

PBL教学法在护理高职《急危重症护理学》教学中的应用

目的:分析PBL(以问题为导向的教学方法)教学法在护理高职《急危重症护理学》教学中的应用效果。方法:选取我校2010级英语护理本科(五年制)学生120名为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组与对照组,观察组在教学中实施PBL教学法,对照组在教学中实施常规教学法,比较两组患者的教学效果。结果:观察组学生理论成绩以及实验成绩均明显高于对照组(P0.05),有统计学意义;且观察组课堂满意度高于对照组(P0.05),有统计学意义。结论:PBL教学法在护理高职《急危重症护理学》教学中的应用效果显著,值得推广。     

八年制医学生妇产科临床实习教学法探讨

八年制医学生临床实习是理论应用于临床实践的过程,是八年制医学生教学的重点。传统”填鸭式”的教学方法限制了八年制医学生的进一步发展,不能满足高素质教育的要求。PBL教学法是以问题为基础的教学方法。大多研究表明,PBL影响知识的应用而不影响知识的获得,而EBM一循证医学的思维恰好是医学生获取知识的最佳指导思想。本文将PBL教学法和EBM思维结合到八年制医学生妇产科实际临床教学中发现,虽然在理论考试成绩上无明显差异,但在临床病例分析能力、临床证据采集能力、教学方式满意程度等方面均优于仅用PBL或者是仅用EBM的教学组。PBL教学法联合EBM思维更能提高八年制医学生分析问题、解决问题的能力,值得进一步推广应用。     

Compulsive buying: Relationship with body mass index

Objective:

Compulsive buying has historically been associated with various self‐regulatory disturbances, including eating pathology (e.g., binge eating). Therefore, a relationship between scores on a measure of compulsive buying, the Compulsive Buying Scale (CBS), and body mass index (BMI) in adulthood was hypothesized.

Design and Methods:

Using a self‐report survey methodology in a cross‐sectional consecutive sample of convenience of 373 obstetrics/gynecology patients, correlations between CBS scores and BMI, both generally and with regard to race were examined.

Results:

A modest general correlation between CBS scores and BMI (r = 0.17, P < 0.01) was found. However, when these data were examined by race, CBS scores and BMI were significantly related among Caucasian women (r = 0.25, P < 0.01), but not in African American women (r = 0.04, P = n.s.).

Conclusions:

Findings indicate that compulsive buying is associated with increasing BMI in adulthood, particularly among Caucasian women.     

Obstetrics and Gynecology: Considerations in Career Selection

Current training programs in obstetrics and gynecology are not producing an excess of specialists in view of future manpower needs. In addition to being specialists and consultants, obstetrician-gynecologists also function as providers of primary care for women. During the last decade, three formal sub-specialties of obstetrics and gynecology have evolved: gynecologic oncology, maternal-fetal medicine and reproductive endocrinology. These have improved patient care and have altered the structure of resident education. With more American medical school graduates entering this specialty, the quality of resident applicants has improved, creating intense competition for desirable training positions. Those inclined toward a career in obstetrics and gynecology can be assured that it will provide an increasingly favorable and challenging environment for professional activity in the future.     

Systematic evaluation of the teaching qualities of Obstetrics and Gynecology faculty: reliability and validity of the SETQ tools

Background

The importance of effective clinical teaching for the quality of future patient care is globally understood. Due to recent changes in graduate medical education, new tools are needed to provide faculty with reliable and individualized feedback on their teaching qualities. This study validates two instruments underlying the System for Evaluation of Teaching Qualities (SETQ) aimed at measuring and improving the teaching qualities of obstetrics and gynecology faculty.

Methods and Findings

This cross-sectional multi-center questionnaire study was set in seven general teaching hospitals and two academic medical centers in the Netherlands. Seventy-seven residents and 114 faculty were invited to complete the SETQ instruments in the duration of one month from September 2008 to September 2009. To assess reliability and validity of the instruments, we used exploratory factor analysis, inter-item correlation, reliability coefficient alpha and inter-scale correlations. We also compared composite scales from factor analysis to global ratings. Finally, the number of residents'' evaluations needed per faculty for reliable assessments was calculated. A total of 613 evaluations were completed by 66 residents (85.7% response rate). 99 faculty (86.8% response rate) participated in self-evaluation. Factor analysis yielded five scales with high reliability (Cronbach''s alpha for residents'' and faculty): learning climate (0.86 and 0.75), professional attitude (0.89 and 0.81), communication of learning goals (0.89 and 0.82), evaluation of residents (0.87 and 0.79) and feedback (0.87 and 0.86). Item-total, inter-scale and scale-global rating correlation coefficients were significant (P<0.01). Four to six residents'' evaluations are needed per faculty (reliability coefficient 0.60–0.80).

Conclusions

Both SETQ instruments were found reliable and valid for evaluating teaching qualities of obstetrics and gynecology faculty. Future research should examine improvement of teaching qualities when using SETQ.     

CBS在医学微生物学教学中的应用

CBS(CaseBasedStudy)是一种新的教学方法。CBS就是给出一个案例,要求学生围绕案例回答一系列问题。在整个教学过程中主要由分成小组的学生自己去寻找解决方案。他们必须将案例所提供的信息综合起来,找出其中的关键问题及其相关联系,通过回顾、复习和学习课本或理论课讲授的相关知识,应用获取的知识去分析问题、解决问题。CBS的应用使得科学知识更具相关性、系统性,使学生对知识的学习更具积极性、主动性。     

Obstetrics and Gynecology: Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy

The Council on Scientific Affairs of the California Medical Association presents the following inventory of items of progress in obstetrics and gynecology. Each item, in the judgment of a panel of knowledgeable physicians, has recently become reasonably firmly established, both as to scientific fact and important clinical significance. The items are presented in simple epitome, and an authoritative reference, both to the item itself and to the subject as a whole, is generally given for those who may be unfamiliar with a particular item. The purpose is to assist busy practitioners, students, researchers, or scholars to stay abreast of these items of progress in obstetrics and gynecology that have recently achieved a substantial degree of authoritative acceptance, whether in their own field of special interest or another.The items of progress listed below were selected by the Advisory Panel to the Section on Obstetrics and Gynecology of the California Medical Association, and the summaries were prepared under its direction.     

Obstetrics and gynecology: AIDS and pregnancy

The Scientific Board of the California Medical Association presents the following inventory of items of progress in obstetrics and gynecology. Each item, in the judgment of a panel of knowledgeable physicians, has recently become reasonably firmly established, both as to scientific fact and important clinical significance. The items are presented in simple epitome and an authoritative reference, both to the item itself and to the subject as a whole, is generally given for those who may be unfamiliar with a particular item. The purpose is to assist busy practitioners, students, research workers, or scholars to stay abreast of these items of progress in obstetrics and gynecology that have recently achieved a substantial degree of authoritative acceptance, whether in their own field of special interest or another.The items of progress listed below were selected by the Advisory Panel to the Section on Obstetrics and Gynecology of the California Medical Association and the summaries were prepared under its direction.     

Teaching of Fertility Regulation in Medical Schools: A Survey in the United States and Canada, 1964

Fertility regulation is taught didactically in 82 of 94 medical school departments of obstetrics and gynecology in the United States and Canada, but students are given clinical experience in only 59 medical schools, according to a survey conducted in 1964 by a committee of the American Public Health Association. Legal prohibitions impeded teaching in 1964 in two States and in all of Canada. Nearly all schools teach that help with fertility regulation should be offered for medical and socioeconomic stress, and most teach that it should be offered routinely in premarital counselling and in the postpartum period, but only two-thirds teach that this help should be given to unmarried adults and only one-third teach that any person requesting help with fertility regulation should receive it.     

Obstetrics and gynecology-important advances in clinical medicine: exchange transfusion in pregnant women with sickle cell disease

The Scientific Board of the California Medical Association presents the following inventory of items of progress in obstetrics and gynecology. Each item, in the judgment of a panel of knowledgeable physicians, has recently become reasonably firmly established, both as to scientific fact and important clinical significance. The items are presented in simple epitome and an authoritative reference, both to the item itself and to the subject as a whole, is generally given for those who may be unfamiliar with a particular item. The purpose is to assist busy practitioners, students, research workers or scholars to stay abreast of these items of progress in obstetrics and gynecology that have recently achieved a substantial degree of authoritative acceptance, whether in their own field of special interest or another.The items of progress listed below were selected by the Advisory Panel to the Section on Obstetrics and Gynecology of the California Medical Association and the summaries were prepared under its direction.