血红素氧合酶-1与肺纤维化

血红素氧合酶-1（Hene Oxygenase-1）是一种氧化应激反应蛋白,广泛存在全身各组织器官。HO-1及催化产物组成了重要的内源性保护系统,具有调控炎症、抗氧化损伤及抗细胞凋亡等作用,对于组织器官具有保护作用。肺纤维化发病机制复杂,氧化应激是肺纤维化的致病机制之一。HO-1是一种重要的抗氧化剂,其通过多种途径参与致病,在肺纤维化致病过程中发挥重要作用。     

银屑病的研究进展及其与血红素氧合酶1的关系

银屑病是一种免疫调节紊乱的慢性炎性皮肤疾病,多为T细胞功能异常所致,具有发病率高、易复发、病情顽固等特征。该病还与遗传及感染、饮食、压力等环境因素相关。目前,银屑病的治疗方法多种,但仍无法根治。研究显示,血红素氧合酶1(heme oxygenase 1,HO-1)在斑块型银屑病患者皮损处明显升高。HO-1具有抗炎、抗凋亡和改变增殖的作用,它可能通过调节氧化应激而介导银屑病的发生、发展进程。本文综述近年来的研究结果,讨论银屑病的发病机理及HO-1在该病治疗中的可能作用,旨在为临床治疗银屑病提供一些新的理论基础。     

血红素氧合酶-1对肝癌作用的研究进展

血红素氧合酶-1(heme oxygenase,HO-1)是细胞内的一种可诱导的保护性酶,具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗凋亡等作用。它在肿瘤细胞(如肝癌细胞)中的表达一般会增强,能影响肿瘤细胞的增殖等生物学行为。一方面,HO-1能促进肝癌细胞的生长和扩散,并通过减少氧化应激产生的氧自由基而对肝癌细胞发挥保护作用,使肝癌细胞对治疗产生抵抗性。另一方面,HO-1使肝移植治疗晚期肝癌中的免疫排斥降低,提高肝移植的成功率。本文简要概括了HO-1对肝癌发生进展的影响,并阐述了HO-1在肝移植方面的重要作用,这可能对抗肝癌药物的研发及肝癌的治疗具有一定的指导意义。     

血红素氧合酶-1 在脑损伤过程中的作用的研究进展

来源于出血后血红蛋白或衰老细胞释放的血红素能够诱导血红素氧合酶-1(HO-1,HSP-1)的表达。血红素氧合酶-1催化血红素生成气体介质一氧化碳,铁和胆绿素。胆绿素和它的代谢产物胆红素都是有效的抗氧化剂;同时铁诱导的铁蛋白和CO也发挥着各自的保护作用。因此,HO-1的表达被看作一种重要的保护机制。在各种不同的脑病理改变发生后,如蛛网膜下腔出血,脑梗死,创伤性脑损伤及神经变性疾病,HO-1明显表达于小胶质细胞,星形细胞和神经元细胞,从而发挥其重要脑保护作用。     

血红素氧合酶-1在脑损伤过程中的作用的研究进展

来源于出血后血红蛋白或衰老细胞释放的血红素能够诱导血红素氧合酶-1（HO-1,HSP-1）的表达。血红素氧合酶-1催化血红素生成气体介质一氧化碳,铁和胆绿素。胆绿素和它的代谢产物胆红素都是有效的抗氧化剂;同时铁诱导的铁蛋白和CO也发挥着各自的保护作用。因此,HO-1的表达被看作一种重要的保护机制。在各种不同的脑病理改变发生后,如蛛网膜下腔出血,脑梗死,创伤性脑损伤及神经变性疾病,HO-1明显表达于小胶质细胞,星形细胞和神经元细胞,从而发挥其重要脑保护作用。     

高浓度葡萄糖下调INS-1细胞血红素氧合酶1表达水平的研究

目的:观察高糖毒性对大鼠胰岛细胞系INS-1细胞中血红素氧合酶1蛋白表达的损害作用,并研究信号分子刺激下细胞损伤的自我保护机制.方法:分别采用不同葡萄糖浓度孵育或葡萄糖代谢物葡萄糖胺持续孵育培养INS-1细胞,造成高糖毒性损伤,进而采用胰岛素以及核转录因子Nrf2激动剂莱芜硫烷刺激细胞保护信号机制改善损伤,蛋白印迹法检测细胞中血红素氧合酶1的表达情况.结果:高浓度葡萄糖溶液中(25 mM)孵育INS-1细胞48小时,血红素氧合酶1的表达水平较正常情况显著下降(P＜0.05).高浓度葡萄糖与葡萄糖胺共刺激对实验细胞中血红素氧合酶1的表达下调具有协同作用.胰岛素对实验细胞中血红素氧合酶1表达具有上调作用,但上调作用强度随培养环境中葡萄糖浓度的增高而降低.核转录因子Nrf2激动剂莱芜硫烷孵育处理实验细胞后,胞内血红素氧合酶1表达水平在葡萄糖胺刺激下上调,且与培养环境中葡萄糖浓度水平无关(P＜0.05).结论:高糖毒性可损害胰岛β细胞内抗氧化酶-血红素氧合酶Ⅰ的表达,而胰岛素可激活下游通路尤其是Nrf2信号通路,对抗高糖诱导的氧化应激损伤,从而保护胰岛细胞.     

血红素氧合酶-1参与心肌细胞延迟预适应

目的:探讨血红素氧合酶-1(HO-1)在心肌细胞缺血预适应(IPC)中的作用。方法:实验分5组:正常对照组(CN组)、缺血/再灌注组(I/R组)、缺血预适应+缺血/再灌注组(PC组)、ZnPP(HO-1抑制剂)+缺血预适应+缺血/再灌注组(ZP组)和Hemin(HO-1诱导剂)+缺血/再灌注组(HE组)。测定HO-1mRNA表达、心肌细胞存活率、胞内[Ca2+]i和细胞培养液中MDA含量等。结果:PC组和HE组HO-1mRNA表达量和细胞存活率显著高于I/R组,而MDA含量和胞内[Ca2+]i则皆显著低于I/R组,PC组各指标与ZP组间有显著性差异,与HE组66较未见显著性差异。结论:IPC可以诱导HO-1mRNA表达,对心肌细胞缺血/再灌注损伤产生延迟保护作用。     

哮喘患者外周血单核细胞血红素氧合酶-1表达水平的研究

目的探讨血红素氧合酶-1(HO-1)在哮喘患者外周血单核细胞(PBMC)的表达及与肺通气功能的关系.方法应用免疫组织化学和逆转录聚合酶链反应技术分析18例哮喘患者PBMC的 HO-1蛋白及mRNA水平的表达,测定全血一氧化碳血红蛋白(COHb)的百分比含量、血清总IgE含量、肺通气功能,并与18名健康正常者的结果进行比较.结果哮喘组PBMC中HO-1表达阳性的细胞百分比41.7%±7.44%与正常对照组10.5%±4.36%比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01),哮喘组PBMC HO-1 mRNA表达的平均吸光度值(26.05±4.14)与正常对照组(10.82±4.26)比较,差异亦有显著性(P<0.01),HO-1染色阳性细胞的百分比与FEV1占预计值%、PEFR和MEFR50%均呈显著负相关(r值分别为-0.89,-0.56,-0.51,均P<0.01),与全血COHb的百分比含量及血清总IgE含量呈显著正相关(r值分别为0.80, 0.48, 均P<0.05).HO-1 mRNA的表达水平与1s用力呼气容积(FEV1)占预计值%、顶峰呼气流速(PEFR)和50%肺活量时的最大呼气流速(MEFR50%)均呈显著负相关(r 值分别为-0.89,-0.65,-0.67, 均P<0.01),与全血COHb的百分比含量和血清总IgE含量呈显著正相关(r分别为 0.85和0.62, 均P＜0.01).结论哮喘患者PBMC 的HO-1表达水平显著增加,提示HO-1可能参与了哮喘的发病过程,HO-1表达的变化与哮喘患者的病情程度有一定关系.     

血红素氧合酶-1 mRNA在离体大鼠心肌缺血预处理中的变化

目的:观察血红素氧合酶-1(HO-1)mRNA在缺血预适应中的变化.方法:实验动物随机分为对照组(CN)、缺血/再灌损伤组(I/R)、缺血预适应 缺血/再灌损伤组(PC).结果:PC组的心功能恢复率高于I/R组(P<0.05),MDA含量低于I/R组(P<0.05),HO-1 mRNA又高于I/R组(P<0.05).结论:HO-1mRNA表达上调与缺血预适应保护缺血/再灌注损伤心肌有关.     

银杏叶提取物对豚鼠哮喘模型血红素氧合酶-1表达的影响

目的探讨银杏叶提取物(Egb761)对豚鼠哮喘模型血红素氧合酶-1(HO-1)表达的影响.方法 将30只豚鼠随机分为3组(n=10)(1)正常组;(2)哮喘组;(3)治疗组.测定全血一氧化碳血红蛋白(COHb)的百分比含量、气道阻力并观察气道壁嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)浸润情况, 用免疫组织化学染色方法观察HO-1在豚鼠肺组织中的表达变化.结果各组气道上皮细胞HO-1阳性表达的平均吸光度分别为 0.170±0.020、0.707±0.058、0.397±0.034.哮喘组HO-1的表达水平显著高于正常组(P<0.01).治疗组HO-1的表达水平显著低于哮喘组(P<0.01). 结论银杏叶提取物能显著抑制哮喘豚鼠气道壁内上皮细胞HO-1的表达,提示银杏叶提取物抑制HO-1的表达可能是银杏叶提取物治疗哮喘的作用机制之一.     

莱茵衣藻血红素加氧酶1过表达载体的构建和遗传转化

莱茵衣藻(Chlamydomonas reinhardti)是一种3套基因组都能进行遗传转化的真核生物,作为一种模式生物,它被用于生物学研究的各个领域。目前,发现血红素加氧酶具有多种功能活性,但关于它的作用机理还不是很清楚。本研究利用分子生物学技术,构建了莱茵衣藻HO-1过表达载体,用SpeI和BglII双酶切,DNA测序,GUS染色,PCR检测证明表达载体构建成功。将此构建通过农杆菌介导法导入莱茵衣藻细胞中,获得了能够稳定遗传的转化子。上述结果为后续进一步的功能研究奠定基础。     

Heme oxygenase 1: a novel oncogene in multiple gynecological cancers

Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), also known as heat shock protein 32 (HSP32), is a stress-inducible enzyme. In the past, it was believed to participate in maintaining cell homeostasis, reducing oxidative stress damage and exerting anti-apoptotic effects. When exposed to noxious stimulation, the expression of HO-1 in the body will increase, antagonizing these oxidative stresses and protecting our bodies. Recently, many studies showed that HO-1 was also highly-expressed in multiple gynecological cancers (such as ovarian cancer, cervical cancer and endometrial cancer), suggesting that it should be closely related to cell proliferation, metastasis, immune regulation and angiogenesis as an oncogene. This review summarizes the different effects of HO-1 under normal and diseased conditions with a brief discussion of its implications on the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological cancers, aiming to provide a new clue for prevention and treatment of diseases.     

Prion Protein Fragment 106–126 Differentially Induces Heme Oxygenase-1 mRNA in Cultured Neurons and Astroglial Cells

Abstract: Heme oxygenase (HO), which catalyzes the degradation of heme, has two isozymes (HO-1 and HO-2). In brain the noninducible HO-2 isoform is predominant, whereas the inducible HO-1 is a marker of oxidative stress. Because brain oxidative stress might be present in prion-related encephalopathies (PREs), as in other neurodegenerative diseases, we investigated whether HO-1 mRNA was induced in neuronal and astroglial cell cultures by a peptide corresponding to residue 106–126 of human prion protein (PrP). This peptide is amyloidogenic, and when added in vitro to cultured cells it reproduces the neuronal death and astroglial proliferation and hypertrophy occurring in PREs. HO-1 mRNA did not accumulate in rat cultured neurons from hippocampus or cortex exposed to PrP 106–126 (50 µ M for 5 days). PrP 106–126 induced HO-1 mRNA accumulation in rat astroglial cultures depending on the exposure time and concentration, being maximal (33-fold) after 7 days of exposure at 50 µ M . The nonamyloidogenic amidated or amidated-acetylated PrP 106–126 was ineffective, as was a scrambled peptide used as control. N -Acetylcysteine reduced (50%) the accumulation of HO-1 mRNA in astroglial cells after PrP 106–126 (25 µ M ) given for 5 days. Thus, oxidative stress is apparently a feature of the toxicity of PrP 106–126, and it might also occur in PREs; induction of HO-1 could contribute to the greater resistance of astrocytes compared with neurons to PrP 106–126 toxicity.     

Heme Oxygenase-1 Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Acute Murine Colitis by Regulating Th17/Treg Cell Balance

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn''s disease, is a group of autoimmune diseases characterized by nonspecific inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Recent investigations suggest that activation of Th17 cells and/or deficiency of regulatory T cells (Treg) is involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is a protein with a wide range of anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory function, which exerts significantly protective roles in various T cell-mediated diseases. In this study, we aim to explore the immunological regulation of HO-1 in the dextran sulfate sodium-induced model of experimental murine colitis. BALB/c mice were administered 4% dextran sulfate sodium orally; some mice were intraperitoneally pretreated with HO-1 inducer hemin or HO-1 inhibitor stannum protoporphyrin IX. The results show that hemin enhances the colonic expression of HO-1 and significantly ameliorates the symptoms of colitis with improved histological changes, accompanied by a decreased proportion of Th17 cells and increased number of Tregs in mesenteric lymph node and spleen. Moreover, induction of HO-1 down-regulates retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γt expression and IL-17A levels, while promoting Treg-related forkhead box p3 (Foxp3) expression and IL-10 levels in colon. Further study in vitro revealed that up-regulated HO-1 switched the naive T cells to Tregs when cultured under a Th17-inducing environment, which involved in IL-6R blockade. Therefore, HO-1 may exhibit anti-inflammatory activity in the murine model of acute experimental colitis via regulating the balance between Th17 and Treg cells, thus providing a possible novel therapeutic target in IBD.     

Heme oxygenase-1: emerging target of cancer therapy

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing oxidative degradation of cellular heme to liberate free iron, carbon monoxide (CO) and biliverdin in mammalian cells. In addition to its primary role in heme catabolism, HO-1 exhibits anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory functions via the actions of biliverdin and CO, respectively. HO-1 is highly induced in various disease states, including cancer. Several lines of evidence have supported the implication of HO-1 in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. HO-1 deficiency in normal cells enhances DNA damage and carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, HO-1 overexpression in cancer cells promotes proliferation and survival. Moreover, HO-1 induces angiogenesis through modulating expression of angiogenic factors. Although HO-1 is an endoplasmic reticulum resident protein, HO-1 nuclear localization is evident in tumor cells of cancer tissues. It has been shown that HO-1 is susceptible to proteolytic cleavage and translocates to nucleus to facilitate tumor growth and invasion independent of its enzymatic activity. HO-1 also impacts cancer progression through modulating tumor microenvironment. This review summarizes the current understanding of the protumorigenic role of HO-1 and its potential as a molecular target for cancer therapy.     

炙甘草汤通过抗氧化抑制博莱霉素诱导的小鼠肺纤维化

摘要 目的：探讨炙甘草汤对特发性肺纤维化（Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,IPF）小鼠纤维化相关指标的影响,挖掘炙甘草汤治疗IPF的机制。方法：将60只SPF级ICR小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、吡菲尼酮组和炙甘草汤组,除空白组外,其余组采用气管滴注博莱霉素（5 mg/kg)方法复制IPF小鼠模型,并给予相应的药物治疗。空白组和模型组小鼠灌胃生理盐水,吡菲尼酮组和炙甘草汤组小鼠分别灌胃吡菲尼酮(50 mg/kg)和炙甘草汤（25.4 g/kg）,各组均连续给药4周后取材,记录各组小鼠的死亡情况,计算各组肺系数;观察肺组织切片病理变化;碱水解法检测肺组织羟脯氨酸（HYP）含量;比色法检测肺组织丙二醛（MDA）含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的活性;免疫组化、荧光定量PCR检测α-SMA、COL1A蛋白和mRNA的表达水平。结果：炙甘草汤组小鼠死亡数减少,肺系数显著降低（P＜0.01）,炎性细胞浸润和胶原沉积面积大量减少,肺泡结构逐渐修复,HYP、MDA含量降低（P＜0.01）,SOD活性（P＜0.05）和GSH-Px活性（P＜0.01）显著增强;α-SMA、COL1A蛋白和mRNA表达均降低（P＜0.01）。结论：炙甘草汤通过抑制氧化应激反应,从而抑制成纤维细胞活化,减少细胞质基质沉积,从而减缓IPF疾病进程。