GC-MS of Crinum latifolium L. alkaloids

A GC-MS analysis of underivatized alkaloids from leaves of Crinum latifolium was performed. From the identified 15 alkaloids, 9 were found for the first time in this plant. Almost all alkaloids belonged to the crinane type. Substantial changes in the methylation and oxidation pattern of the alkaloids at and after flowering were observed.     

Alkaloids in Bulgarian Pancratium maritimum L

A GC/MS analysis of alkaloids from leaves, bulbs and roots of Pancratium maritimum was performed. From the identified 16 alkaloids, 5 alkaloids were reported for the first time for this plant. Several compounds with pharmacological activity were found. Haemanthamine was main alkaloid in the leaves and bulbs whereas galanthane was found to be main alkaloid in roots.     

LC-NMR and LC-MS analysis of 2,3,10,11-oxygenated protoberberine metabolites in Corydalis cell cultures

The metabolism of 2,3,10,11-oxygenated protoberberine alkaloids was studied in cell cultures of Corydalis species. Without prior isolation, the structures of the metabolites were determined by LC-MS and LC-NMR analyses. Tetrahydropseudocoptisine alpha-N-metho salt, pseudoprotopine, and pseudomuramine were identified for the first time, and preliminary evidence for metabolic pathways to the formation of these alkaloids were obtained.     

Alkaloids from Haplophyllum tuberculatum

Two new alkaloids, haplotubinone (3) and haplotubine (4), were isolated from the aerial parts of Haplophyllum tuberculatum together with the known lignan diphyllin. The structures of the new alkaloids were established by spectroscopic methods in conjunction with X-ray crystallographic analysis of 3. In addition, the amide N-(2-phenylethyl)-benzamide has been identified in this source for the first time.     

Alkaloids from stem barks of Oricia renieri and Oricia gabonensis

The stem barks of Oricia renieri and O. gabonensis have yielded nine alkaloids, including furoquinolines, acridones, 3,4-pyrano-2-quinolones and a 2-amino-benzophenone. One of the pyranoquinolones isolated from O. renieri, 7-methoxy-N-methylflindersine, is reported for the first time. All alkaloids were identified on the basis of spectral data. The chemotaxonomic significance of the alkaloids of these two species is discussed.     

The biochemical systematics of Fagaropsis angolensis and its significance in the Rutales

From the stem bark of Fagaropsis angolensis (Rutaceae) three alkaloids and two limonoids were isolated. The alkaloids were identified as the 6-acetonyl derivatives of the benzophenantridines, dihydrochelerythrine, dihydrosanguinarine and dihydronitidine, the last of these being reported for the first time. The alkaloids did not appear to be artefacts of the corresponding benzophenanthridines. The limonoids were identified as rutaevin and limonin diosphenol. The significance of these compounds in resolving the confused taxonomic position of F. angolensis is discussed. Attention is drawn to the presence of a small group of taxa within the Rutaceae capable of synthesizing 1-benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline-derived alkaloids and the potential of these taxa as a starting point for visualizing biochemical evolution within the order Rutales, and putative relationships between the Rutales and Ranales are examined.     

HPTLC and GC/MS Study of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids of Two Narcissus Species

In this article, we report on the alkaloid profile and dynamic of alkaloid content and diversity in two Narcissus plants at different stages of development. The alkaloid profile of the two Narcissus species was investigated by GC/MS and HPTLC. Fifty eight Amaryllidaceae alkaloids were detected, and 25 of them were identified in the different organs of N. tazetta and N. papyraceus. The alkaloid 3‐O‐methyl‐9‐O‐demethylmaritidine is tentatively identified here for the first time from the Amaryllidaceae family, and four alkaloids (tazettamide, sternbergine, 1‐O‐acetyllycorine, 2,11‐didehydro‐2‐dehydroxylycorine) are tentatively identified for the first time in the genus Narcissus. The different organs of the two species analyzed showed remarkable differences in their alkaloid pattern, type of biosynthesis, main alkaloid and number of alkaloids. Lycorine‐type alkaloids dominated the alkaloid, metabolism in N. papyraceus, while alkaloids of narciclasine‐, galanthamine‐ and homolycorine‐types were found only in the species N. tazetta L.     

鸡尾木中两个生物碱化合物

采用溶剂提取及柱色谱技术,从鸡尾木叶中分离得到两个生物碱类化合物,经图谱分析并与文献对照,鉴定为2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶酮(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone)和1-金刚烷胺(1-aminoadantane),两化合物均系首次在该植物中发现。     

Oxocrinine and other alkaloids from Crinum americanum

From bulbs of Crinum americanum oxocrinine, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, was isolated for the first time. In addition, the plant contains crinine, flexinine, O-acetylcrinine, lycorine, hippadine, pratorinine, pratorimine, pratosine, ungeremine and trisphaeridine. The alkaloids were identified by spectroscopic evidence, chemical transformations and partial syntheses.     

Quinolizidine alkaloid profiles of Lupinus varius orientalis, L. albus albus, L. hartwegii, and L. densiflorus

Alkaloid profiles of two Lupinus species growing naturally in Egypt (L. albus albus [synonym L. termis], L. varius orientalis) in addition to two New World species (L. hartwegii, L. densiflorus) which were cultivated in Egypt were studied by capillary GLC and GLC-mass spectrometry with respect to quinolizidine alkaloids. Altogether 44 quinolizidine, bipiperidyl and proto-indole alkaloids were identified; 29 in L. albus, 13 in L. varius orientalis, 15 in L. hartwegii, 6 in L. densiflorus. Some of these alkaloids were identified for the first time in these plants. The alkaloidal patterns of various plant organs (leaves, flowers, stems, roots, pods and seeds) are documented. Screening for antimicrobial activity of these plant extracts demonstrated substantial activity against Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus and Bacillus subtilis.     

Indole alkaloids from cell suspension cultures of Rauwolfia serpentina benth

Twelve indole alkaloids belonging to the Ajmaline-, Sarpagine-, Yohimbine-, and Heteroyohimbine-type have been isolated and identified from cell suspension cultures of Rauwolfia serpentina. Ten of the alkaloids were found for the first time in cultured R. serpentina cells. The yield of the main alkaloid vomilenine was 51 times more than that of differentiated plants. Crude enzymes isolated from this cell suspension culture completely metabolize the biogenetic precursor strictosidine under formation of several alkaloidal compounds.     

多根乌头生物碱成分的研究

从新疆产多根乌头AconitumkarakolicumRap.块根中分得五个二萜生物碱,经理化常数测定和光谱分析,分别鉴定为：乌头碱、脱氧乌头碱、新乌碱、准噶尔乌头碱和12-表-欧乌碱。其中12-表-欧乌碱系首次从该植物中获得。     

DNA topoisomerase I inhibitory alkaloids from Corydalis saxicola

Chemical studies of the Chinese herb Corydalis saxicola Bunting led to the isolation and identification of 14 alkaloids, 1-14. Seven of these compounds, 4-9 and 11, were obtained from this plant for the first time. Feruloylagmatine (7) is the first guanidine-type alkaloid to be identified in the family Papaveraceae and in dicotyledonous plants. All of the isolated compounds were assayed for inhibitory activity against human DNA topoisomerase I. A DNA cleavage assay demonstrated that these alkaloids specifically inhibit topoisomerase through stabilization of the enzyme-DNA complex. Among the isolated alkaloids, (-)-pallidine (8) and (-)-scoulerine (11) showed strong inhibitory activities toward topoisomerase I that were comparable to camptothecin, a typical topoisomerase I inhibitor. A preliminary structure-activity relationship study suggested that the quaternary ammonium ion might play an important role in topoisomerase I inhibition by the isoquinoline alkaloids. These data indicated that DNA topoisomerase I inhibition represents probably one of the anticarcinogenic mechanisms of C. saxicola.     

Tetrahydroisoquinoline and beta-carboline alkaloids from Haloxylon articulatum (Cav.) Bunge (Chenopodiaceae)

Salsolidine and 2-methyl,1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline were isolated from Haloxylon articulatum (growing in Egypt) besides the known carnegine and N-methylisosalsoline. 2-methyl,1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline was recorded for the first time in the genus Haloxylon. The alkaloids were identified by spectroscopic methods (MS, 1D and 2D NMR).     

豺皮樟和圆叶豺皮樟中的阿朴啡生物碱成分

从豺皮樟（Ｌｉｔｓｅａ ｒｏｔｕｎｄｉｆｏｌｉａ ｖａｒ．ｏｂｌｏｎｇｉｆｏｌｉａ）和圆叶豺皮樟（Ｌｉｔｓｅａ ｒｏｔｕｎｄｉｆｏｌｉａ）的茎中分离得到三个阿朴啡型生物碱成分,通过光谱解析及化学方法,三个化合物分别鉴定为降波尔定（１）、波尔定（２）和氮乙酰降波尔定（３）。其中氮乙酰降波尔定系首次直接从植物中得到。     

Chemical diversity in the scleractinian coral Astroides calycularis

The detailed chemical inspection of the Mediterranean coral Astroides calycularis led to the isolation and structure characterization of two families of alkaloids. Derivatives of orthidine were for the first time isolated from this species. The second family of alkaloids includes the aplysinopsins among which a new derivative is described. The structure was identified on the basis of extensive NMR data interpretation. These results are of chemotaxonomic relevance in order to link this species to the Atlantic Tubastrea aurea.     

Synthesis and anticancer activity of side chain analogs of the crambescidin alkaloids

Twenty three side chain analogs of the crambescidin alkaloids were prepared from the corresponding pentacyclic zwitterionic core acid. In the crambescidin 800 and 657 series, potency increased with increasing chain length. In addition, substantial variations in tumor selectivity with structure were seen. Crambescidin analogs having short, nonpolar side chains were identified for the first time as promising anticancer agents.     

峨眉翠雀花中生物碱成分的研究

从峨眉翠雀花(Delphinium omeiense)块根中分得12个已知生物碱氨茴酰基牛扁碱(anthranoyllycoctonine)1、牛扁碱(lycoctonine)2、甲基牛扁碱(methyllycaconitine)3、德尔塔生(deltatsine)4、德尔色明甲(delsemine A)5、德尔色明乙(delsemine B)6、delsoline 7、potanine 8、delectine 9、delectinine 10、isodelectine11、kusnesoline 12,除1、2和3外,其余化合物均系首次自该植物中分得.应用光谱学和化学方法鉴定了报告的所有化合物的结构.     

Tropane alkaloids of Datura innoxia from Morocco

Fifty three alkaloids were identified in the organs (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and seeds) of Datura innoxia by GC/MS. Seventeen of them are reported for the first time for this species and one nor-derivative, 3-phenylacetoxynortropane (28), for the genus Datura. Furthermore, four new tropane esters were tentatively identified as 3-acetoxy-6,7-epoxytropane (acetylscopine) (10), 3-acetoxy-6-propionyloxy-7-hydroxytropane (15), 6,7-dehydro-3-phenylacetoxytropane (25), and 3-(2'-phenylpropionyloxy)-6,7-epoxynortropane (dihydroaponorscopolamine) (37) on the basis of their mass spectral data. Hyoscyamine (44) and scopolamine (48) figure as main alkaloids in the roots and aerial parts, respectively.     

Alkaloids of Toddalia asiatica (Rutaceae)

Phytochemical investigation of the alkaloidal extract of the roots of Toddalia asiatica led to the isolation of a new seco-benzophenanthridine alkaloid (1) and twelve known alkaloids (2–13). The new structure was elucidated by means of spectroscopic analysis, and the known alkaloids were identified by comparison with the literature. Among these alkaloids, 1 and 5–7 were reported from the genus Toddalia for the first time. The distribution of the isolated alkaloids at genus/family level was presented via network analysis and their chemotaxonomic significance was also discussed.