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二氧化硫(SO2)危害人体健康。为了寻找用于葡萄酒酿造的SO2替代品,在赤霞珠葡萄酒自然发酵和接种发酵中比较了添加芦荟汁(80 g/L)与SO2(60 mg/L)的抑菌和发酵效果。结果表明,添加芦荟汁促进接种酵母和内源酵母生长,SO2抑制内源酵母生长,接种酵母、添加芦荟汁和添加SO2显著抑制细菌和霉菌生长,SO2比芦荟汁对细菌和霉菌生长的抑制作用大。添加芦荟汁和添加SO2同样提高乙醇产量和减小酸度下降,降低葡萄酒的残糖量和褐变度。添加芦荟汁提高了挥发性酸度和高级醇产量,降低了接种发酵的葡萄酒色度和提高乙酸产量,降低了自然发酵的乙醛产量,而SO2作用相反。添加芦荟汁具有减少SO2用量的可能性。 相似文献
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本文通过豆腐坯含水量,腌制时加盐量及后期发酵时间等因素,研究了腐乳成品中氨基酸态氮的变化过程和影响因素。实验表明,影响腐乳质量的氨基酸态氨这一重要指标的主次因子分别为腌制时的含盐量,后期发酵时间和白坯含水量;由正交没计法找到了在工厂生产条件下的最佳工艺条件分别为:腌制食盐量为2.5kg/1000块,后期发酵时间为二个月(比原时间缩短1/3),白坯含水量为68~70%。 相似文献
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盐碱胁迫下星星草种子萌发过程中有机物,呼吸作用及其几种酶活性的变化 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
对NaCO3胁迫下星星草种子萌发过程中淀粉酶活性、淀粉酶同工酶、可溶性糖含量、呼吸作用的变化进行了研究。结果表明无盐胁迫下,种于萌发过程中淀粉酶活性、可溶性糖含量、呼吸强度与对照相比均下降,并与Na2CO3胁迫浓度的负相关关系极其显著。Na2CO3胁迫下,水解酶活性降低、储藏物质不能动员、呼吸代谢受抑制是盐胁迫下星星草种子萌发受抑制的原因之一。 相似文献
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在Monacolin K发酵中添加氨基酸后发现较高质量浓度的氨基酸高度抑制了Monacolin K的产量。0.1 g.L-1的D-甲硫氨酸在发酵第4 d添加可以提高产量30%以上,而L-甲硫氨酸则没有此功能,D,L-甲硫氨酸因D-甲硫氨酸的关系也有一定的增产效果。以甲硫氨酸代替蛋白胨作为主要氮源,则抑制了polyketide途径的前期步骤,因此严重抑制了色素及Monacolin K的生产。另外,发现1 g.L-1的L-苯丙氨酸的添加时间越早越有利于Monacolin K的生产,在起始时添加发酵单位可达135.9 mg.L-1,可能是因为L-苯丙氨酸经过脱氨后,可以进入polyketide途径从而促进了Monacolin K的生产。 相似文献
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目的:探究通过抑制磷酸二酯酶活性促进cAMP发酵合成的工艺方法.方法:在7 L发酵罐上进行添加氨茶碱的发酵实验,通过对发酵主要参数、关键酶活性、能量代谢水平等进行分析,针对性提出了氨茶碱与柠檬酸盐协同作用促进cAMP合成的发酵工艺.结果:与对照相比,添加5 mg/L氨茶碱批次的cAMP产量提高25.9%,副产物腺苷浓度... 相似文献
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旨在对从新疆乳制品中分离菌株CICC 6287的发酵特性进行研究,并通过辣椒发酵试验评价菌株CICC 6287作为发酵菌株的优势。采用多相分类技术确定该菌株的分类学地位,通过测定耐酸耐盐特性、产酸能力、降解亚硝酸盐能力、氨基酸脱羧酶活性和抑菌能力表征其发酵特性。在此基础上,将菌株CICC 6287应用于新疆特色辣椒发酵中,评价其在辣椒发酵过程中的作用。菌株CICC 6287鉴定为产马乳酒乳杆菌,能够降解亚硝酸盐,耐受8%Na Cl和p H3,抑制大肠埃希氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单增李斯特菌和沙门氏菌,产生生物胺的四种氨基酸脱羧酶活性为阴性。接种菌株CICC 6287的发酵辣椒亚硝酸盐的含量1.06 mg/kg,生物胺的含量为5.62 mg/kg,总酸含量达到2.54%。研究结果表明,菌株CICC 6287具有良好的发酵特性,能够应用于辣椒发酵,提高发酵辣椒的安全性。 相似文献
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对比教材中的目视比色法和光电比色法,利用比色式亚硝酸盐检测试剂对泡菜中亚硝酸盐含量进行测定,不必配制多种试剂和使用复杂的实验仪器,能够简化操作过程,提高实验效率。应用改良后的测定方法进行拓展实验,结果表明:食盐质量分数对泡菜亚硝峰的出现时间无明显影响,但对峰值大小有明显影响;添加香辛料可有效清除泡菜中的亚硝酸盐;腌制的白萝卜较卷心菜更易积累亚硝酸盐。 相似文献
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Pushkar Shejwalkar 《Inorganica chimica acta》2011,366(1):209-218
New sulfur derivatives of phosphoramidite ligands were synthesized and the impact of the sulfur unit on the spectroscopic properties of their rhodium and iridium complexes was investigated. The new ligands Bn2NPSCH2CH2Sa(P-Sa) (Bn = benzyl, 4), Bn2NPSCHCHSa(CH2)3CaH2(P-Sa)(Ca-Sa) (6) and Bn2NP(4-XC6H4OMe)2 (X = S, 7a; X = O, 7b) were converted to the rhodium and iridium complexes trans-[Rh(CO)Cl(L)2] (L = 4, 6, 7), [RhCl(COD)(L)] (L = 4, 6, 7), [IrCl(COD)(7a)] and [IrCl2Cp∗(6)]. For comparison, some phosphoramidite complexes of these formulations also were synthesized. The new metal complexes were spectroscopically analyzed. For the carbonyl complexes, the νCO IR stretching frequencies were lower than for the corresponding phosphite and phosphoramidite ligands. The 1JPRh coupling constants for the rhodium complexes with the new ligands were also smaller than for the respective phosphoramidite and phosphite complexes. Finally, the 1JPSe coupling constants of the selenides of the new ligands were lower than those of the phosphoramidite ligands but higher than for PPh3. The spectroscopic data reveal that the new thio ligands 4, 6 and 7a are more electron donating than phosphites and phosphoramidites but less electron donating than PPh3. 相似文献
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Astrocytes transport the monocarboxylate acetate, but synaptosomes do not. The reason for this is unknown, because both preparations express monocarboxylate transporters (MCT). The transport and metabolism of lactate, another monocarboxylate, was examined in these two preparations, and the results were compared to those for acetate. Lactate transport is more rapid in astrocytes than in synaptosomes, but of lower affinity (Kms of 17 and 4 mM, respectively). Lactate (0.2 mM) is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in synaptosomes than in astrocytes (rates of 0.37 and 0.07 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). The reason for this is unclear, but cellular differences in lactate dehydrogenase isotype expression may be involved. Acetate is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in astrocytes than in synaptosomes (rates of 0.43 and 0.02 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). This is likely due to cellular differences in the expression of monocarboxylate transporter subtypes. 相似文献
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Hand JW 《Progress in biophysics and molecular biology》2007,93(1-3):192-194
The first and second sessions of the Workshop focussed on the basics of ultrasound and infrasound, their applications in both industry and medicine, and metrology and protection standards for ultrasound applications. 相似文献
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Gonzalez-Reimers E Rodriguez-Moreno F Martinez-Riera A Mas-Pascual A Delgado-Ureta E Galindo-Martin L Arnay-de la Rosa M Santolaria-Fernandez F 《Biological trace element research》1999,68(1):41-49
To elucidate accumulation of minerals in human iliac arteries with aging, the content of minerals was analyzed by inductively
coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Bilateral common, internal, and external iliac arteries of 16 men and 8 women,
ranging ages from 65 to 93 yr, were examined. It was found that an extremely high accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred
in the common iliac artery at old age, being higher than that of the internal and external iliac arteries. It should be noted
that the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus is the highest in the common iliac artery among the human arteries examined
to date.
Regarding sexual differences, the content of calcium and phosphorus in the common and internal iliac arteries was higher in
women than in men, whereas their content in the external iliac artery was lower in women than in men. 相似文献
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J. Morley M.A. Bray R.W. Jones D.H. Nugteren D.A. van Dorp 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1979,17(5):729-736
The ability of partially purified human and guinea-pig haematogenous cell populations, when cultured in vitro, to metabolise arachidonic acid (AA) has been studied. Supernatants from 24 hour cell culture have been subjected to analysis for products of AA metabolism by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection.The cell types studied were human peripheral blood monocytes (both glass adherent and non-adherent), neutrophils, eosinophils and leukemic leucocytes; thoracic duct lymphocytes and lung alveolar macrophages. From the guinea-pig, induced and non-induced macrophage or neutrophil enriched peritoneal exudate populations, lymph node cells, peritoneal eosinophils and peripheral blood platelets were examined. Supernatants were assayed for the presence of PGE2, PGD2, PGF2α, TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1α. In all types studied PGE2 and TXB2 were the major products formed. The identification of PGE2 and TXB2 was confirmed by GC/MS with multiple ion monitoring.The results have been compared with other reports and their possible significance discussed in relation to the proposed role of prostaglandins as mediators and modulators in immunopathology. 相似文献
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Allergic asthma can be precipitated by many factors. For the atopic person, fungus, pollen, dust mites, cockroach antigens, and diesel exhaust are all agents that may trigger an allergic attack. Cytokines and chemokines are integral mediators of fungal asthma. From the earliest time points, they recruit and activate the cells required for the clearance of fungus as well as being critical factors involved in the immunopathology of this disease. In the final analysis, it is clear that these mediators can act to the benefit or the detriment of the host. 相似文献
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Sandra M. Vaz 《Archives of biochemistry and biophysics》2009,484(2):127-431
In spite of the many studies on protein modifications by reactive species, knowledge about the products resulting from the oxidation of protein-aromatic residues, including protein-derived radicals and their stable products, remains limited. Here, we compared the oxidative modifications promoted by peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase/hydrogen peroxide/nitrite in two model proteins, ribonuclease (6Tyr) and lysozyme (3Tyr/6Trp). The formation of protein-derived radicals and products was higher at pH 5.4 and 7.4 for myeloperoxidase and peroxynitrite, respectively. The main product was 3-nitro-Tyr for both proteins and oxidants. Lysozyme rendered similar yields of nitro-Trp, particularly when oxidized by peroxynitrite. Hydroxylated and dimerized products of Trp and Tyr were also produced, but in lower yields. Localization of the main modified residues indicates that peroxynitrite decomposes to radicals within the proteins behaving less specifically than myeloperoxidase. Nitrogen dioxide is emphasized as an important protein modifier. 相似文献