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1.
不同种源山桐子果实脂肪酸组成变异分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以采自11个种源的山桐子为材料,测定其果实脂肪酸的组成及其变异情况,结果表明:山桐子果实中不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,尤以亚油酸含量最高,11个种源的平均值为63.58%,且种源间差异显著,分宜、宜昌种源亚油酸相对含量明显高于其他9个种源;饱和脂肪酸以棕榈酸为主,11个种源山桐子果实棕榈酸差异显著,且以平武种源最高;其余脂肪酸含量均较低,变异幅度较大;种子中棕榈酸和棕榈烯酸含量明显高于果肉,而亚油酸、亚麻酸及硬脂酸含量明显低于果肉,油酸含量相近:果实不饱和脂肪酸含量依次为果肉〉全果〉种子,且变异系数及相对极差均较小,尤以果肉中最小;除硬脂酸外,山桐子果实中其他4种主要脂肪酸组分受海拔等地理环境的影响均较小。 相似文献
2.
崇左金花茶花朵和叶片类黄酮UPLC-Q-TOF-MS分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以崇左金花茶(Camellia chuangtsoensis)为材料,利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)联用技术定性定量分析其花朵(花瓣、雄蕊)和叶片(老叶、新叶)中类黄酮成分与含量。结果表明,崇左金花茶中共检测到14种类黄酮成分,木犀草素、木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷、槲皮素-3,7-O-二葡萄糖苷、芸香柚皮苷、圣草素和染料木苷为山茶属金花茶组植物中首次发现,其中槲皮素-3,7-O-二葡萄糖苷、芸香柚皮苷、圣草素和染料木苷主要存在于花朵中,木犀草素和木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷在花朵中含量高于叶片,雄蕊中高于花瓣;槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-7-O-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖苷和山柰酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷为金花茶组植物叶片中首次发现,其叶片中含量远低于花朵,老叶中远低于新叶,雄蕊中远低于花瓣;儿茶素和表儿茶素在花朵中含量高于叶片,雄蕊中高于花瓣;槲皮素和山萘酚在花朵和叶片中含量均较低。崇左金花茶花瓣和雄蕊中含量较高的类黄酮为儿茶素类、木犀草素类和槲皮素类,主要是表儿茶素、木犀草素和槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷;叶片中为儿茶素类和木犀草素类,主要是表儿茶素、木犀草素和木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷。崇左金花茶花瓣和雄蕊中儿茶素类、木犀草素类及类黄酮总量均高于叶片,且雄蕊高于花瓣;花瓣和雄蕊中槲皮素类远高于叶片,且花瓣中远高于雄蕊。 相似文献
3.
ABSTRACT. Specificity and sensitivity of gustatory neurones in response to twenty-two amino acids were studied in larvae of Pieris brassicae L. and Pieris rapae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) using electrophysiological methods. Twelve amino acids stimulated a specific amino acid receptor cell in the lateral styloconic sensillum on the maxillary galea of both species, and a further two evoked single unit responses in the same sensillum of P.brassicae only. Histidine, phenylalanine and tryptophane were the weakest stimulants for P.brassicae , but were among the four best stimulants for P.rapae . In both species, eight amino acids were ineffective. Significant differences in stimulatory effectiveness were found between amino acids. Nutritionally essential amino acids were more effective in both species, as in five other lepidopterous species. Similarities with postulated sites for amino acid recognition in the dipteran Boettcherisca peregrina were found.
Concentration-response (C/R) relations were studied for five amino acids. Significant differences were found in saturated response levels. Parameters characterizing C/R relations were estimated using a logistic model. Comparing C/R parameters with phytochemical data on concentrations of free amino acids in a common host plant, Brassica oleracea L., shows that amino acids are effective stimuli at their natural concentrations. The amino acid chemoreceptor seems able to transmit information about concentration differences of amino acids in the plant tissue. 相似文献
Concentration-response (C/R) relations were studied for five amino acids. Significant differences were found in saturated response levels. Parameters characterizing C/R relations were estimated using a logistic model. Comparing C/R parameters with phytochemical data on concentrations of free amino acids in a common host plant, Brassica oleracea L., shows that amino acids are effective stimuli at their natural concentrations. The amino acid chemoreceptor seems able to transmit information about concentration differences of amino acids in the plant tissue. 相似文献
4.
A. F. Roche 《American journal of physical anthropology》1970,33(3):341-348
Skeletal maturation rates for the age interval 3 to 13 years were analyzed using bone-specific assessments (Greulich-Pyle) of serial radiographs of 40 children. The mean rates of skeletal maturation resembled those of the population from which the atlas standards had been derived. There was a linear trend of skeletal age against chronological age for most bones in each sex. Regression lines were fitted to these data and the b values of the regression lines were calculated. Communality indices were calculated from an intercorrelation matrix of these b values. There was a statistically significant rank order correlation between the sexes in the communality indices. They tended to be higher in the girls than in the boys and were relatively low for the radius, ulna and carpals. Communality indices within groups of bones were high in all rows, especially the metacarpals, but in each sex they were comparatively low in the first ray (metacarpal plus the phalanges of the corresponding digit) and in the fifth ray of the boys. Neighborhood effects on the levels of association of maturation rates were present, particularly in the carpus, but marginal effects were not noted. 相似文献
5.
Whole sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. cv. Ras poly) plants were grown in the greenhouse from the same seed stock used for an
in vitro shoot tip culture. In vitro produced sugar beet plants exhibited a high content of chlorophylls a and b, carotene,
and total and soluble sugars. On the other hand, total protein content of in vivo plants was higher than that of in vitro
plants. No differences were found by SDS-PAGE analysis in the nature and contents of soluble proteins of in vitro propagated
plants and greenhouse-grown plants. Surfaces of epidermal cells were larger and palisade and spongy paranchyma tissues were
thicker in leaves of regenerants than in leaves of seedlings. Vascular tissues in leaf petioles in regenerants were flat and
more differentiated than in seedlings. Closed and undeveloped stomata were found on the abaxial leaf surface of regenerants,
whereas in seedlings the stomata were open.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
6.
目的研究南海海军部队特发性皮肤瘙痒症患者皮肤马拉色菌的检出以及菌种的构成,探讨马拉色菌与特发性瘙痒症之间的相关性。方法对采自56例特发性瘙痒症患者与50例健康者的鳞屑标本进行真菌学镜检及采用菜子油培养基培养,根据菌落形态和生理生化特点进行菌种鉴定。结果观察组与对照组镜检阳性率分别为74.10%和72.00%,X2=0.344,P〉0.05两者比较无统计学意义。而镜检马拉色菌孢子密度Ⅲ级以上(每10个高倍视野≥50个者),观察组与对照组分别为74.70%和38.89%,X2=20.30,P〈0.01。两者统计学比较差异有显著性意义。观察组168份标本共分离出143株马拉色菌,阳性率85.12%。其中合轴马拉色菌97株(67.83%),球形马拉色菌26株(18.18%),糠秕马拉色菌19株(13.29%),钝形马拉色菌1株(0.70%)。对照组分离出马拉色菌107株,阳性率71.33%;其中糠秕马拉色菌55株(51.40%),合轴马拉色菌33株(30.84%),球形马拉色菌14株(13.08%),钝形马拉色菌5株(4.67%)。菌种检出率和菌种构成差异均有显著性(X2=2.99,P〈0.01和7。X2=51.16,P〈0.01)。结论南海海军部队特发性瘙痒症患者皮肤马拉色菌载量较正常人高,其优势菌是合轴马拉色菌。 相似文献
7.
对青藏高原东缘两个不同居群的星状雪兔子植物叶的结构进行了显微观察,观察结果表明:两种不同居群植物的叶片类型均为等面叶,表皮细胞单层,角质层厚,表皮细胞形状为多边形,垂周壁平直或弓形。生于海拔2850m处的星状雪兔子植物,叶片厚度为330.66μm,上表皮气孔密度为106.75,下表皮气孔密度为144.79;海拔2890m处的星状雪兔子植物,叶片厚度为537.07μm,上表皮气孔密度为53.6,下表皮气孔密度为77.30。两种植物叶片类型虽然均为等面叶,但明显表现为两种不同的生态类型,这表明了星状雪兔子植物的叶在无表皮毛保护的情况下对高山环境的适应性并不是单一的。 相似文献
8.
Distribution of 6 cephalosporin antibiotics, i. e. cephaloridin, cephalotin, cephradin cephacetryl, cephazolin and cephapyrin for parenteral use was studied comparatively on rats. The studies showed that all the above cephalosporins were well absorbed into the blood after intramuscular administration. The highest serum levels were achieved with the use of cephozolin. Still, its levels in the animal organs were mainly not higher and sometimes even lower than those provided by the other antibiotics. The highest levels of cephalosporins were detected in the kidneys. Cephalotin, cephapyrin and cephacetryl differed by the character of their distribution in the rats from the other 3 antibiotics: the levels of cephalotin and cephapyrin in the heart, spleen and muscles were lower than those of the other cephalosporins; sometimes they were even not detected in these organs; cephacetryl was not found in these organs. The levels of these 3 antibiotics in the kidneys were lower than those of the other cephalosporins. Cephalotin, cephacetryl and sometimes cephapyrin were not detected in the rat liver. None of the cephalosporins was found in the brain tissue. 相似文献
9.
Chernen'kaia TV Borisova LA Vorob'eva TIu Aleksandrova IV Kosolapov DA 《Antibiotiki i khimioterapii͡a》2011,56(5-6):30-36
The microbiological tests of 769 blood samples from 220 patients, treated in 4 intensive care units of the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medical Service within a period from January 2009 to June 2010, were analysed. Etiologically significant microorganisms were detected in 323 samples (42%). 253 isolates were used in the analysis. Grampositive and gramnegative pathogens were detected in 47 and 42% of the cases respectively. Candida and anaerobic organisms were isolated in 8 and 3% of the cases respectively. Staphylococcus aureus and enterococci were isolated in 24 and 15% of the cases respectively. Nonfermenting gramnegative bacteria and enterobacteria were revealed in 25 and 17% of the cases respectively. Differences in the spectrum of the sepsis pathogens depending on the patients contingent were shown. The maximum summary susceptibility of the grampositive cocci was observed with respect to vancomycin and linezolid and that of the gramnegative bacteria was stated with respect to imipenem and meropenem. 相似文献
10.
目的:分析90例弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,DLBCL)的临床病理学特征及其临床意义。方法:收集90例DLBCL石蜡包埋组织标本及预后资料,采用免疫组织化学技术及间期荧光原位杂交(Fluorescence in situ Hybridization,FISH)技术研究其免疫表型和分子遗传学特征。结果:本组病例中,70例原发于淋巴结外,20例原发于淋巴结。根据Hans模型,42.2%(38/90)的DLBCL起源于生发中心B细胞(GC),57.8%(52/90)起源于非生发中心B细胞(Non-GC)。IGH、bcl-6、bcl-2及c-myc基因易位的阳性率分别为33.3%(30/90)、22.2%(20/90)、4.4%(4/90)和3.3%(3/90);bcl-2、bcl-6、c-myc及IGH基因多拷贝的阳性率分别为51.1%(46/90),40%(36/90)、30%(27/90)和14.4%(13/90)。20例bcl-6基因易位的DLBCL中,14例为Non-GC起源,6例为GC起源;4例bcl-2基因易位的病例中,3例为GC起源,1例为Non-GC起源;3例c-myc基因易位的病例中,2例为GC起源,1例为Non-GC起源。结外DLBCL的IGH基因易位的阳性率高于结内者(P〈0.05);结内DLBCL的c-myc基因多拷贝的阳性率高于结外者(P〈0.05)。本组29例有随访结果的病例显示,IGH、bcl-6、bcl-2及c-myc基因易位及多拷贝与预后无明显相关(P〉0.05)。结论:本组DLBCL总的分子遗传学异常率(包括因易位及拷贝数的异常)为82.2%,其中以bcl2多拷贝(51.1%)最为多见。不存在IGH、bcl-6、bcl-2及c-myc基因异常,不能除外DLBCL的诊断。少部分DLBCL中存在Burrkitt淋巴瘤特征性的c-myc基因易位。IGH、bcl-2、bcl-6及c-myc基因易位及拷贝数的异常在DLBCL中不具有的预后判定意义。 相似文献
11.
Yasuko Kobayashi Candace J. S. Hassall Professor Geoffrey Burnstock 《Cell and tissue research》1986,244(3):605-612
Summary The present study describes the ultrastructure of non-neuronal cells and their interrelationships with intracardiac neurones present in cultures dissociated atria and interatrial septum from newborn guinea-pig. When compared with the in situ preparation, most of these features in culture were similar to those observed in situ, but some differences were also apparent. Both mature and immature Schwann cells were observed in culture, and as in situ, the latter were closely associated with intracardiac neurones, whilst the former were more widely separated. The ultrastructure of satellite cells was more variable in culture than in situ: three general types were distinguished on the basis of their 10-nm filament content. This variation could be due to conditions of culture. Interstitial cells were present in culture and closely resembled those described in situ, although there was less space between cultured interstitial cells and their associated cells. Many fibroblasts, some myoblasts and a few mast cells were also found in the culture preparations. 相似文献
12.
为了探明小峰熊蜂Bombus hypocrita蜂王蛹期发育蛋白质表达调控方面的特点,揭示其发育的分子机理。采用双向电泳法对小峰熊蜂蜂王蛹期发育进行蛋白质组研究,结果在小峰熊蜂蜂王蛹期的白眼期(A期)、褐眼期(B期)和黑眼期(C期)分别检测到81、80和75个蛋白点,特有蛋白质分别为8个、7个和2个,共有蛋白质为61个,A期到B期有4个蛋白质显著上调,5个显著下调,B期到C期有7个蛋白质显著上调,1个显著下调,A期到C期有10个蛋白质显著上调,有4个显著下调。此外,3个蛋白质是在A、B期表达C期关闭,6个蛋白质A、C期表达,B期关闭,5个蛋白质A期关闭,而B、C期表达。初步表明小峰熊蜂蜂王从蛹期发育到成蜂过程中,不仅需要一些保守蛋白质来调控,而且还需要一些特异蛋白质。 相似文献
13.
运用石蜡切片法与组织离析法研究田菁营养器官解剖结构特征。结果表明,田菁根部显示典型的次生结构特征,内皮层具凯氏带;根表面有大量根瘤,根瘤菌分布在根部皮层,维管组织相连形成输导组织网。茎部表皮细胞壁出现角质层,皮层含有特化的厚角组织,由大型薄壁细胞构成,维管组织具有含晶韧皮纤维。茎瘤3~4个,大小不等且不连续分布,茎瘤外层为皮层,内层为含菌组织。叶片为异面叶,角质层与表皮层较厚,栅栏组织发达,近叶厚的1/2,海绵组织细胞间隙大,气孔小且多。田菁根、茎的木质部发达,有较多大孔径的导管及丰富的木纤维,叶片栅海比、组织结构紧密度(CTR)较大。田菁的解剖特点显示出其具有的固氮特性以及耐盐、抗旱的生态适应性。 相似文献
14.
Leszek Kordylewski 《Journal of morphology》1983,176(3):315-324
Melanin deposits in the brain ventricles of Xenopus tadpoles were studied with light and electron microscopy (TEM and SEM). They appeared to be aggregations of melanophages which accumulated free pigment granules excreted by ependymal cells into the cerebrospinal fluid. Whereas the meningeal melanophores contained oval melanosomes of various sizes, the melanosomes in the scavenger cells were all spherical, large (0.6–1.1 μm) and fairly uniform in size. Moreover, they were arranged in spherical groups which were never seen in the cytoplasm of the melanophores. The melanosomes within the cells were identical to the free melanosomes found in the cerebrospinal fluid and those which occurred within the ependymal cells in the young larva, suggesting a common origin from the egg cytoplasm. The number of the melanosomes in the melanophages increased with age. Fine cytoplasmic projections were involved in catching and engulfing the melanosomes. Some other features of the cytoplasm, e.g., large deposits of cell detritus, also indicated that the cells were macrophages. In the later stages, (48, 49) no projections were observed, but the cells were totally filled with melanosomes. 相似文献
15.
Erythrocyte (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb) values were found to be higher in Nigerian domestic fowls than those in Hubbard fowls. PCV and Hb values were higher in males than in females in both breeds. Erythrocytes of the Nigerian fowl were observed to be more susceptible to osmotic haemolysis than were erythrocytes of the Hubbard fowl. Erythrocytes of male fowls were osmotically more fragile than were those of female fowls in both breeds. 相似文献
16.
4 adult pigs were used for light microscopic studies to depict the relationship between nasal blood vessels and the surface epithelium, and to describe the histomorphology of these vessels. After giving an electric shock, animals were bled to death. Tissues were collected from three regions in the nasal cavity after splitting heads sagitally. Different types of vessels were described and a new classification was suggested. Arteries were muscular in type with, as well as without, internal elastic laminae. Thick-walled veins (characterized by smooth muscle cells in the tunica media) were present throughout the nasal cavity, while thin-walled veins or cavernous spaces were discernible only in the caudal one third of the nasal cavity. Further, arteriovenous anastomoses, epithelioid arterioles, and free smooth muscle cells in the propria submucosa were observed throughout the nasal cavity. 相似文献
17.
The Influence of the Inoculum Source of Rhizoctonia solani on Development of Black Scurf on Potato 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of stem canker and black scurf on potato, survives as sclerotia on tubers, in soil and in plant residues. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the importance of inoculum source on disease development. Disease‐free minitubers and seed tubers contaminated with low levels of R. solani were planted in fumigated or artificially inoculated growth mixture in greenhouse experiments. Black scurf incidence and severity were significantly higher when the inoculum was present in both seed tubers and soil, compared with either of them separately. The severity of disease symptoms on the subterranean parts of the plant also were significantly higher in plots where both seed tubers and soil were contaminated, compared with plots where the inoculum source was either the seed tubers or the soil. Thus, both major sources of inoculum, seed tubers and soil, are important in disease development. However, when both sources are present, black scurf incidence and severity are increased, leading to economical damage to tuber yield and quality. Additional results from field trials support these findings. Disease incidence and severity on daughter tubers were correlated with levels of contamination in seed tubers and soil. When seed tubers and soil were heavily infested, the levels of black scurf incidence and severity on daughter tubers were very high; when seed tuber and soil infestation were very low, black scurf incidence and severity on progeny were also lower. Disease levels were reduced by in‐furrow fungicide treatment, but were less effective when the initial levels of the fungus on the seed tubers and in the soil were high. 相似文献
18.
J. P. DUBEY 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》1982,29(4):591-601
The ox-coyote cycle of Sarcocystis cruzi was studied by killing 38 calves between 4 and 153 days postinoculation (DPI) with 55 × 103-5 × 108 sporocysts from the intestines of coyotes. At 4 DPI, a zoite was found within the lumen of a mesenteric lymph node artery. At 7 DPI, zoites were found in mononuclear cells and in endothelial cells in mesenteric arteries. First generation meronts (41.0 × 17.5 μm in diameter) occurred 7–26 DPI in mesenteric lymph nodes. At 19–46 DPI, second generation meronts occurred in kidneys, muscles, and other tissues: renal meronts were 19.6 × 11.0 μm, and intramuscular meronts were 25.0 × 11.1 μm. Merozoites were found in the peripheral blood 17 DPI and later at 24–46 DPI. They divided by endodyogeny in mononuclear cells. Sarcocysts were seen first in the heart at 45 DPI and contained one or two metrocytes. At 55 DPI, sarcocysts containing only metrocytes were found in striated muscles, heart, and in smooth muscles of the urinary bladder, rumen, omasum, abomasum, and small intestine. At 67, 87, 112, and 153 DPI, sarcocysts were found only in striated muscles and in the heart. At 67 DPI, sarcocysts were up to 360 μm long. They contained only metrocytes and were not infective to the dog. At 86 DPI, sarcocysts contained mostly bradyzoites, a few metrocytes, and were infective to a coyote. The thin-walled sarcocysts grew to a maximum length of 800 μm and contained bradyzoites that were 10.9 × 3.0 μm. At 90 DPI, two mature sarcocysts were found in 2 of 73 sections of brain and spinal cord; hundreds of sarcocysts were present in sections of tongue and heart of this calf. Gametogony occurred in the small intestine of the coyote. Macro-and microgamonts were found in goblet cells of the small intestines of coyotes 6 h after the ingestion of infected meat. Microgamonts were few and contained 3–11 slender gametes. Oocysts were seen at 12 h and sporulation was completed 9 DPI. The prepatent period in the coyote was 8 days. The ox-coyote cycle is compared with ox-dog cycle. 相似文献
19.
杜仲优系有效成分性状稳定性与增长率的研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
采用多项有效成分含量分析方法选择种源区和优良类型。在此基础上选择优树,繁殖无性系,建立无性系测定林,并采用多项有效成分含量和生长量(产量)指标的一、二级模糊综合评判方法,初选出14个优良无性系,1997年春季布设汉中、杨陵、咸阳3个区域试验点进行区域栽培设计。2001年6月中旬收集材料,对各区试点优良无性系的有效成分进行了测定和模糊综合评判;提出了有效成分性状增长率的概念;分析和计算了优良无性系有效成分的性状稳定性和增长率,筛选出有效成分含量高且性状稳定的优良无性系G2、X11、L45、L0、L1。 相似文献
20.
The characteristics of serial cross-sections of hairs collected from an adult male Japanese monkey were investigated. Cross-sections
were made of five to eight pieces per hair. The shapes of the cross-sections were elliptical or rounded on the whole. The
fibre indices of the sections ranged from 83 to 100. In particular, those of proximal (basal) sections were close to 100.
The hair diameter was 86.4 μ at maximum and 27.2 μ at minimum. A tendency was observed for the longer hairs to have thicker
diameters. The changes in thickness along the fibre shaft were slightly different in relation to hair length. The thickest
point was at around the middle of the fibre in the intermediate hair, somewhat towards the top of the central part in the
long hair, and somewhat towards the base in the short hair. The hair of the Japanese monkey, however, was considered to be
scanty in changes along the fibre shaft in comparison with many other animals. Medullae could scarcely be seen in the short
hair and in the terminal and proximal sections of all hairs. Their shapes in cross-section were not uniform and rough at the
margins. The fibre-medulla indices were generally less than 30 and smaller than those of many other mammals. Pigmentary granules
were observed in all sections examined. The granules were black-grey in sections of the black-grey coloured part and yellow
in the yellowish sections. They were dense in distal sections and scarce in sections close to the base. The cross-sectional
appearance of the thickest part of the long hair was considered to be useful for hair identification, since it was good in
pigmentation and medullation and relatively small fibre index. 相似文献