CXXC4、EZH2在口腔鳞状细胞癌中表达及临床意义

目的:探讨口腔鳞状细胞癌(Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma,OSCC)中CXXC指蛋白4(CXXC finger protein 4,CXXC4)与Zeste基因增强子同源物2(Enhancer of zeste homolog 2,EZH2)的表达、相关性及与临床病理特征之间的关系,为OSCC的早期诊断、治疗、判断预后及预防等提供参考依据。方法:采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测CXXC4蛋白及EZH2蛋白在60例口腔鳞状细胞癌组织及20例非肿瘤患者正常口腔黏膜组织中的表达情况,分析二者与口腔鳞状细胞癌临床病理特征的相关性。结果:口腔鳞状细胞癌组织中CXXC4蛋白的表达率为35.0%(21/60),明显低于正常口腔黏膜组织的60.0%(12/20)(P0.05);口腔鳞状细胞癌中EZH2蛋白的表达率为70.0%(42/60),高于正常口腔黏膜组织的25%(5/20)(P0.05)。CXXC4蛋白与EZH2蛋白的表达与口腔鳞状细胞癌的病理分化程度、TNM分期及淋巴结转移等密切相关(P0.05),而与年龄、性别及肿瘤直径大小等无关。CXXC4蛋白与EZH2蛋白在OSCC中表达呈负相关(r=-0.511,P0.001)。结论:CXXC4蛋白的表达下调或缺失以及EZH2蛋白的表达上调或过表达与口腔鳞状细胞癌的发生、发展及侵袭转移有关,可能作为口腔鳞状细胞癌预后预测的参考指标。     

口腔鳞状细胞癌线粒体DNA的HVRⅢ区突变的研究（英文）

目的：检测口腔鳞状细胞癌患者线粒体DNA复制控制区（mtDNA D-loop）高变Ⅲ区（hypervariable regionⅢ,HVRⅢ）的突变情况,并探讨其意义。方法：以口腔鳞状细胞癌患者癌旁组织及正常组织作为对照,对7例口腔鳞状细胞癌组织样本的mtDNA D-loop HVRⅢ区进行PCR扩增和测序分析。结果：在7例患者的癌组织、癌旁组织、正常组织样本中共发现72个（56种）核苷酸改变,其中51个（26种）为核苷酸多态性改变;3个肿瘤组织样本中共发现21个突变,其中16个位于HVRⅢ区范围内;癌旁组织及正常组织未发现突变;口腔鳞状细胞癌的mtDNA D-loop HVRⅢ区突变率为42.9%（3/7）。结论：mtDNA D-loop HVRⅢ区的变异可能与口腔鳞状细胞癌的易感性有一定的联系;本研究为寻找新的肿瘤基因诊断和肿瘤遗传易感性的标志物提供了依据。     

CD9在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达水平及其临床意义

目的:口腔鳞状细胞癌是一类极易发生局部侵袭和淋巴结转移的恶性肿瘤,CD9蛋白在多种肿瘤的发生发展及侵袭转移过程中起到重要作用,本研究旨在分析CD9蛋白在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达水平及其临床意义。方法:收集我院诊断明确的口腔鳞癌肿瘤患者石蜡标本合计80例,通过免疫组化手段对CD9蛋白表达水平进行评价,并根据CD9蛋白的表达水平分组,分析患者的临床病理学特征与CD9蛋白的关系。结果:CD9在正常组织和癌旁组织正常表达,在肿瘤组织中表达率低,其表达水平和口腔鳞癌的分化程度,淋巴结转移及最终分期有相关性(P0.05)。结论:本研究结果揭示,CD9在口腔鳞状细胞癌的发生发展中起到重要作用,CD9蛋白水平的低表达或不表达可能预测着肿瘤具有更明显的恶性生物学行为,并可能成为口腔鳞状细胞癌预后的生物学指标及基因治疗的新靶点。     

影响口腔鳞状细胞癌患者预后的临床病理因素分析

目的：研究影响口腔鳞状细胞癌（Oral squamous cellcar cinoma,OSCC）术后患者预后的临床病理因素。方法：回顾性研究55例手术治疗的原发口腔鳞状细胞癌患者与预后相关的因素：年龄、性别、发病部位、颈部淋巴结转移情况、肿瘤细胞分化程度等。结果：平均发病年龄为57.35±12.02岁,牙龈鳞癌的复发转移率最高（45.5%）,舌部第二（44%）,颊部第三（37.5%）,唇癌预后最好（0.0%）。术前颈部淋巴结转移情况、肿瘤细胞分化程度与预后有关。肿瘤细胞的分化程度与术前淋巴结转移无显著相关性。术前有颈部淋巴结转移合并中低分化与预后差相关。结论：口腔鳞状细胞癌的预后与发病部位无显著相关性。肿瘤中低分化及术前有淋巴结转移者易出现术后复发转移。     

血清载脂蛋白AI、鳞状细胞癌抗原与子宫内膜癌病理特征的关系及对淋巴结转移的预测研究

摘要 目的：分析血清载脂蛋白AI、鳞状细胞癌抗原与子宫内膜癌病理特征的关系及对淋巴结转移的预测价值。方法：选择我院自2020年7月至2022年7月收治的156例行手术治疗的子宫内膜癌患者作为研究对象,检测血清载脂蛋白AI、鳞状细胞癌抗原表达水平,分析不同临床分期、病理分级、子宫肌层浸润程度的子宫内膜癌血清载脂蛋白AI、鳞状细胞癌抗原表达水平的差异性,比较淋巴结转移组与非淋巴结转移组血清载脂蛋白AI、鳞状细胞癌抗原表达水平,通过受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）下面积（AUC）评价血清载脂蛋白AI联合鳞状细胞癌抗原对子宫内膜癌患者发生淋巴结转移的预测价值。结果：Ⅲ～Ⅳ期组血清载脂蛋白AI低于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期组,鳞状细胞癌抗原表达水平高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期组（P＜0.05）;中低分化组血清载脂蛋白AI水平低于高分化组,鳞状细胞癌抗原表达水平高于高分化组（P＜0.05）;子宫肌层浸润≥1/2组血清载脂蛋白AI水平低于子宫肌层浸润＜1/2组,鳞状细胞癌抗原表达水平高于子宫肌层浸润＜1/2组（P＜0.05）;在120例子宫内膜癌患者中,发生淋巴结转移28例;淋巴结转移组血清载脂蛋白AI低于非淋巴结转移组,鳞状细胞癌抗原表达水平高于非淋巴结转移组（P＜0.05）;经ROC曲线分析,血清载脂蛋白AI联合鳞状细胞癌抗原预测子宫内膜癌患者发生淋巴结转移的AUC为0.910。结论：血清载脂蛋白AI、鳞状细胞癌抗原与子宫内膜癌的不同临床分期、病理分级、子宫肌层浸润程度有关,术前检测两者表达水平有助于淋巴结转移的预测,对于指导临床治疗具有积极作用。     

ING4和HIF-1α在口腔鳞癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨人口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)组织中生长抑制因子4(ING4)和缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)的表达及其临床意义。方法:选择我院确诊的口腔鳞癌患者共计65例,均经过手术治疗,术前未行放化疗,切除标本经过石蜡包埋切片,同时选取20例正常口腔黏膜作为对照。采用免疫组化S-P法检测人口腔鳞状细胞癌和正常口腔黏膜组织中ING4和HIF-1α的表达,并分析其与OSCC患者临床病理特征的相关性及人口腔鳞状细胞癌组织中ING4和HIF-1α表达的相关性。结果:OSCC组织中ING4的阳性表达率为41.5%(27/65),显著低于正常口腔黏膜组织(P0.05);OSCC组织中HIF-1α的阳性表达率为64.6%(42/65),显著高于正常口腔黏膜组织(P0.05)。ING4和HIF-1α的表达与OSCC的病理分级、TNM分期和是否有淋巴结转移显著相关(P0.05);OSCC组织中,ING4的表达与HIF-1α的表达呈显著负相关(P0.05)。结论:口腔鳞状细胞癌组织中ING4的表达下调,HIF-1α的表达上调,二者可能通过负向调控作用在口腔鳞状细胞癌的发生、发展、侵袭和转移中发挥着重要作用。     

DKK-1和MMP-14在口腔鳞癌中的表达及其意义

目的:研究DKK-1蛋白和MMP-14蛋白在口腔鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达和临床意义。方法:选择口腔鳞癌石蜡标本62例作为实验组,25例正常口腔黏膜组织作为对照组。应用免疫组织化学法检测其DKK-1和MMP-14蛋白的表达,并分析二者与口腔鳞癌患者临床病理特征之间的关系及二者表达的相关性。结果:实验组DKK-1的阳性表达率为40.32%,明显低于对照组中(68%),而MMP-14的阳性表达率(72.58%)明显高于对照组(24%)(P0.05)。DKK-1和MMP-14的表达水平与口腔鳞癌的分期、淋巴结转移及分化程度有显著相关(P0.05)。口腔鳞癌组织中DKK-1和MMP-14蛋白的表达呈显著负相关(r=-0.600,P0.05)。结论:口腔鳞状细胞癌组织中DKK-1的表达下调,MMP-14的表达上调,二者可能参与了OSCC的发生和发展过程,并有望用于口腔鳞状细胞癌的病情和预后评估。     

口腔鳞癌组织细胞凋亡相关蛋白Fas/FasL的表达研究

目的　研究调亡相关蛋白Fas、FasL在口腔鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达及意义。方法　应用免疫组织化学方法检测 10例正常口腔粘膜、 38例口腔鳞癌组织及肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞 (TIL)和 11例转移淋巴结中Fas、FasL的表达。结果　Fas在正常口腔粘膜中广泛表达 ;鳞癌组织表达明显下调 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;Fas表达与口腔鳞癌分化程度有关 ;淋巴结转移癌中Fas表达减弱。FasL在正常口腔粘膜不表达 ;鳞癌组织表达明显上调 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;FasL表达与口腔鳞癌分化程度无关 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;有淋巴结转移者FasL阳性表达率高于无转移者 (P <0 .0 5 )。TIL细胞Fas、FasL阳性表达率为 81.6 %和 84 .2 % .。Fas、FasL在口腔鳞癌的表达有明显相关性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　Fas表达与口腔粘膜上皮细胞的自然分化成熟衰老及口腔鳞癌的形成和肿瘤的恶性度有关。FasL的表达上调可能是口腔鳞癌组织免疫反攻击的体现 ,对促进肿瘤的发生发展及转移有重要作用。     

建国以来我国自建的一些细胞株或系(四) 人舌鳞状细胞癌Tca8113细胞系的建立及其生物学特性

Tca 8113系细胞,组织培养来自一例舌癌女病人(住院号217649)的原发灶,临床及病理诊断为舌鳞状细胞癌Ⅰ级(T_2N_1a Mo,Ⅱ期),未经任何放疗或化疗等处理,于1981年3月17日取手术标本,用含20％灭活小牛血清和适量     

Head Neck:检测细针穿刺样品中的HPV16可用于诊断HPV阳性

正口咽鳞状细胞癌HPV16是指人乳头瘤病毒16型。HPV有多种类型,其中低危型HPV感染,主要引起生殖器疣(俗称菜花),而高危型HPV感染则引起生殖器癌和子宫颈癌上皮细胞病变,此病毒为生殖器癌和子宫颈癌前细胞病毒的开端。HPV16属于高危型,HPV病毒会导致尖锐湿疣,长期感染可能与女性宫颈癌的发生有关。口腔良性赘生物和癌前病变,皮肤鳞状细胞癌组织中     

田间冬小麦叶片光合午休过程中的非气孔限制

1　引　　言作物的光合午休是近几年作物栽培生理研究的热点之一 ,研究大都从生态、生理的各个方面阐述光合午休的成因与机理 ,如土壤水分降低 ,ＣＯ2 浓度下降 ,ＶＰＤ过高 ,气孔限制与非气孔限制 ,羧化效率降低等[4 ,6,10 ] .其中有关作物光合午休过程中的非气孔限制问题 ,多数研究仅根据Ｆａｒｑｕｈａｒ判据[2 ] 判断发生了非气孔限制即止 ,至于非气孔限制的具体内容 ,多见于讨论 ,缺乏直接的实验证据 .本文对大田生态条件下 ,冬小麦生育后期旗叶光合午休过程中的非气孔限制问题进行了较深入的研究 .2　材料与方法2 1　供试材料选用冬…     

Exome sequencing and targeted gene panels: a simulated comparison of diagnostic yield using data from 158 patients with rare diseases

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has altered clinical genetic testing by widening the access to molecular diagnosis of genetically determined rare diseases. However, physicians may face difficulties selecting the best diagnostic approach. Our goal is to estimate the rate of possible molecular diagnoses missed by different targeted gene panels using data from a cohort of patients with rare genetic diseases diagnosed with exome sequencing (ES). For this purpose, we simulated a comparison between different targeted gene panels and ES: the list of genes harboring clinically relevant variants from 158 patients was used to estimate the theoretical rate of diagnoses missed by NGS panels from 53 different NGS panels from eight different laboratories. Panels presented a mean rate of missed diagnoses of 64% (range 14%-100%) compared to ES, representing an average predicted sensitivity of 36%. Metabolic abnormalities represented the group with highest mean of missed diagnoses (86%), while seizure represented the group with lowest mean (46%). Focused gene panels are restricted in covering select sets of genes implicated in specific diseases and they may miss molecular diagnoses of rare diseases compared to ES. However, their role in genetic diagnosis remains important especially for well-known genetic diseases with established genetic locus heterogeneity.     

A Quantitative Health Evaluation of an Eco-Economy in the Semi-Arid Loess Plateau of China

Understanding the factors that affect the health of a semi-arid region's eco-economy is necessary for its sustainable development. The health evaluation, or diagnoses, of an eco-economy at the small watershed scale requires the integrated analysis of ecological, economic, and social factors, yet few studies have achieved this. The health of an eco-economy comprises three components: vigor, organization, and resilience. We use an analytic hierarchy process to develop a health evaluation index system that evaluates the health of an eco-economy system. We then use this diagnostic method to explore the factors affecting the health status of a semi-arid loess watershed in China in 2007 and 2009. The results show that between 2007 and 2009 the health status of the eco-economy improved from the “better” stage to the “benign circle” stage. The primary productivity of grassland, land productivity, rural per capita net income, number of livestock per household, input–output ratio, commodity rate of farm produce, and labor productivity were the main factors influencing the health of this eco-economy. Furthermore, this study shows that the eco-economy depends on material input from regions outside the watershed.     

Histochemical demonstration of mucins in the intramucosal laminated structure of human gastric signet ring cell carcinoma and its relation to submucosal invasion

Summary Thirty-one cases of signet ring cell carcinoma of the human stomach at an early stage were studied, employing a variety of histochemical techniques to characterize mucins and to elucidate factors accelerating the invasion of carcinoma beyond the muscularis mucosae. Signet ring cells were classified into six types largely depending on their histochemical reactivities. In 29 of 31 cases examined, the histochemical stainings detected the presence of characteristic mucins in an intramucosal laminated structure of proliferating carcinoma cells. The upper and lower layers of the typical intramucosal laminated structure consisted of carcinoma cells containing surface mucous cell and glandular epithelial cell-type mucins respectively; whereas the middle layer was occupied by immature carcinoma cells. Such a structure appeared to simulate cellular differentiations occurring in normal mucosa. The intramucosal laminated structure underwent structural distortion or disappeared, where submucosal invasion was evident. Ulceration appears to trigger the invasion beyond the muscularis mucosae.     

Identification of tumor-associated proteins in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma by proteomics

Oral tongue carcinoma is an aggressive tumor that particularly affects chronic smokers, drinkers and betel squid chewers. Patients often present symptoms at a late stage, and there is a high recurrence rate after treatment. In this article, we report the first proteomic analysis of oral tongue carcinoma to globally search for tumor related proteins. Apart from helping us to understand the molecular pathogenesis of the carcinoma, these proteins may also have potential clinical applications as biomarkers, enabling the tumor to be identified at an early stage in high risk individuals, treatment response to be predicted, and residual or recurrent carcinoma to be detected sooner after treatment. The protein expression profiles of ten oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas and their matched normal mucosal resection margins were examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectroscopy. A number of tumor-associated proteins including heat shock protein (HSP)60, HSP27, alpha B-crystalline, ATP synthase beta, calgranulin B, myosin, tropomyosin and galectin 1 were consistently found to be significantly altered in their expression levels in tongue carcinoma tissues, compared with their paired normal mucosae. The expression profile portrays a global protein alteration that appears specific to oral tongue cancer. The potential of utilizing these tumor related proteins for screening cancer and monitoring recurrence warrants further investigation.     

动态对比增强磁共振成像在鼻咽癌分期中的应用价值

目的:分析动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)在鼻咽癌分期中的应用价值。方法:选取2016年6月至2018年4月我院经病理证实的初诊鼻咽癌患者104例为研究对象,均行DCE及扩散加权成像(DWI)检查,比较不同鼻咽癌分期患者的DCE-MRI定量参数[转运常数(Ktrans)、血管外细胞外间隙体积百分数(Ve)、速率常数(Kep)、容积分数(f PV)]及表观扩散系数(ADC)值,分析各DCE-MRI参数与临床分期的相关性,并评估DCE-MRI对鼻咽癌分期的诊断价值。结果:随总分期增加,鼻咽癌患者Ktrans、Ve增加,且Ve随T分期增加而增加,M1分期者Ktrans、Ve大于M0分期者(P0.05),不同N分期患者各DCE-MRI参数比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),Kep、f PV在各分期中比较差异也无统计学意义(P0.05);随总分期增加,鼻咽癌患者ADC值减少(P0.05);Spearman相关分析发现,鼻咽癌患者Ktrans与总分期、M分期呈正相关,Ve与总分期、T分期呈正相关,ADC值与总分期呈负相关(P0.05);各参数中,Ktrans诊断鼻咽癌总分期的曲线下面积(AUC)最大,为0.925,Ktrans诊断鼻咽癌早期(Ⅱ期)、晚期(Ⅲ期与Ⅳ期)的AUC分别为0.909、0.921,均较ADC(AUC=0.864、0.815)高。结论:DCE-MRI在鼻咽癌临床分期中有较高应用价值,其中Ktrans的诊断效能最好且高于DWI诊断,肿瘤分期越高,Ktrans越大,可作为肿瘤分期的一个指标。     

胃镜对咽喉部恶性病变诊断的临床应用价值

目的:探讨胃镜在对于咽喉部恶性疾病诊断的临床应用价值。方法:对2013年11月至2014年9月因声音嘶哑或咽部异物感或吞咽困难为主诉就诊的患者,给予电子喉镜或间接喉镜检查,以在喉镜下发现咽喉部肿物或喉镜下发现黏膜异常增生不能明确判定病灶性质的12例患者为研究对象。继而给予窄带成像(Narrow-band imaging,NBI)及放大胃镜检查,对病灶进行性质及病变范围的判定。病理结果作为金标准,比较喉镜及胃镜两种方式对咽喉恶性病灶的正确诊断率。结果:12例患者中共发现15处病灶,其中炎性反应5处,单纯性鳞状上皮增生3处,鳞状细胞癌6处,神经纤维瘤1处。喉镜对病灶的正确诊断率是40.0%(6/15),NBI放大胃镜对病灶的正确诊断率是93.3%(14/15),两者差异有统计学意义(x~2=9.60,P=0.005)。结论:NBI放大胃镜对咽喉部肿瘤诊断正确率高于普通喉镜,充分证明了胃镜在咽喉部恶性疾病的诊断方面的临床价值。在行胃镜检查时,同时对咽喉部进行仔细观察检查是十分必要的。     

急性传染病休克的临床诊治与转归分析

目的:探讨急性传染病休克患者的诊治策略,提高救治成功率.方法:回顾分析急性传染病休克患者的人口学、流行病学、病因分类、传染病发生至休克出现时间、早期临床诊治与转归等情况,总结诊治经验.结果:本组68例急性传染病休克主要来自呼吸道、消化道传染病,细菌和病毒是休克发生的主要病原,分别占54.4％和30.9％,仅25％的病例病前有明确的传染病接触史.51.9％的患者存在误诊误治现象.在明确休克发生病理机制的前提下,早期快速有效的抗休克、抗感染治疗,短期使用糖皮质激素,积极纠正酸碱、电解质紊乱,并给予必要的对症支持治疗,治愈出院率92.6％,平均康复住院时间3～11天,平均(5.8±2.4)天.结论:急性传染病休克早期误诊现象突出;给予积极抗体克、抗感染、激素治疗,纠正酸碱和电解质紊乱,结合对症支持治疗,可在短期内治愈患者.     

Peritoneal cytology in uterine papillary serous carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To highlight the significance of positive peritoneal cytology in uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC). STUDY DESIGN: Seventeen consecutive UPSC cases with peritoneal cytology from 1993 to 1997 were reviewed and compared with the original cytologic diagnosis and extent of tumor involvement in tissues. RESULTS: Of the 17 post-menopausal women with UPSC, 11 had early-stage tumors (clinical stage I and II); three cases (27%) with positive peritoneal cytology were upgraded from at least International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians stage IA to IIIA. No change in surgical stage was noted in four of six (67%) advanced cases with positive peritoneal cytology. The review diagnoses of peritoneal cytology did not differ from the original diagnoses. CONCLUSION: The features of UPSC in peritoneal cytology are those of a high grade malignancy and may be shared by tumors with similar histology from other sites. The malignant features are readily identified, but the site of origin may not be completely ensured. Positive peritoneal cytology upgrades the surgical stage of early-stage UPSC cases and helps with prognostication and treatment. One case with positive washings but without residual tumor probably represented early spread and/or multicentric origin of the tumor.     

马铃薯品种间光合特征的比较研究

马铃薯叶片光合作用是影响其块茎产量和品质的重要因素之一。为了选择适宜湖南栽培的马铃薯品种和提高马铃薯的栽培效益,本文时中薯3号、大西洋、费乌瑞它、东农303、PB04、PB08和滇薯6号7个马铃薯品种(系)在匍匐茎伸长期、块茎形成期、块茎膨大期和块茎完熟期4个时期的光合特征参数(叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、胞间CO_2浓度)、SPAD值和相对产量进行了比较研究。结果表明,中薯3号的叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_2浓度、蒸腾速率和平均每株产量都最高,适宜于在湖南栽培。