龈沟液中骨硬化蛋白对慢性牙周炎患者疗效评价的临床价值

目的:探讨龈沟液中骨硬化蛋白对慢性牙周炎疗效评价的临床价值。方法:选择2013年1月-2017年12月我院收治的81例慢性牙周炎患者作为观察组及同期79例牙周健康者为对照组,观察组患者给予基础治疗。观察和比较对照组和观察组治疗前及治疗后1个月、2个月的牙周临床指标、龈沟液中的骨硬化蛋白水平,并分析牙周临床指标与龈沟液骨硬化蛋白水平的相关性。结果:治疗前,观察组的菌斑指数、出血指数、牙周探诊深度、附着丧失水平及龈沟液中骨硬化蛋白水平明显高于对照组;治疗后1个月、2个月,观察组以上指标均明显低于治疗前,且治疗后2个月,观察组以上指标明显低于治疗后1个月,但附着丧失水平仍高于对照组(P均0.05),而两组的菌斑指数、出血指数、牙周探诊深度对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。龈沟液中骨硬化蛋白水平与菌斑指数、出血指数、牙周探诊深度、附着丧失水平呈高度正相关(r1=0.876,P10.001;r2=0.842,P10.00;r3=0.913,P10.001;r4=0.903,P10.001)。结论:慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液中骨硬化蛋白水平明显上调,并与与菌斑指数、出血指数、牙周探诊深度、附着丧失水平呈高度正相关,可作为慢性牙周炎疗效评价的参考指标。     

牙周组织再生术联合正畸治疗对牙周炎患者牙周状况及满意度的影响

目的:探讨牙周组织再生术联合正畸治疗对牙周炎患者牙周状况及满意度的影响。方法:选取我院于2016年3月-2017年4月期间收治的牙周炎患者76例为研究对象。按照随机数字表法将患者分为研究组(n=38)与对照组(n=38),对照组行牙周组织再生术,研究组行牙周组织再生术联合正畸治疗。于治疗前、治疗后3个月检查患者牙周指标情况和X线头影测量情况,对比两组患者治疗前后视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS),随访一年,于治疗1年后采用医院自制调查问卷评价患者满意度,观察并比较两组患者治疗后并发症发生情况。结果:治疗后3个月,两组患者的牙龈指数(GI)、菌斑指数(PLI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)、牙周探诊深度(PD)以及临床牙周平均附着丧失(CAL)均显著降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后3个月,两组患者的SNA角、SNB角均显著降低,且研究组低于对照组,两组患者的ANB角显著升高,且研究组高于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后VAS评分较治疗前显著降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。研究组患者牙龈健康状况评分、口腔清洁能力评分、美观评分、满意度均高于对照组(P0.05),而两组患者咀嚼功能评分相比无统计学差异(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后并发症发生率比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:牙周组织再生术与正畸治疗联合运用,对牙周组织健康状况有显著改善作用,且安全有效,提升患者满意度。     

口腔修复膜材料在牙种植中引导骨再生的效应

目的:对应用口腔修复膜材料在牙种植中引导骨再生的效应进行分析。方法:随机从2014年1月至2015年3月来我院进行牙种植再生的患者当中选出110例,将其随机分为两个小组,对其中一组患者使用口腔修复膜进行骨再生引导,作为研究组;对另外一组患者则使用钛膜进行骨再生引导,作为对比组。分别对两组患者骨再生成功率、再生骨厚度以及不良反应发生率进行分析。结果:研究中,研究组患者的骨再生成功率明显优于对比组,同时研究组患者的植骨和再生骨厚度明显高于对比组,不良反应发生率则要低于对比组。两组数据存在较大差异,具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:在对患者进行牙种植引导骨再生治疗过程中,采用口腔修复膜能够起到较好的疗效,并且再生骨质厚度较高,不良反应率较低。     

牙周组织再生术联合口腔正畸对牙周炎患者血清炎症因子水平的影响及其疗效探究

目的:研究牙周组织再生术联合口腔正畸对牙周炎患者血清白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-8(IL-8)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的影响及其疗效。方法:选取2014年11月至2015年10月本院收治的78例牙周炎患者,按照入院顺序分为观察组和对照组,39例每组。对照组采取单纯的牙周组织再生术,观察组在此基础上联合口腔正畸进行治疗。治疗后,评价两组患者治疗的临床疗效,比较两组患者治疗前和治疗3个月后血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平、牙龈指数(GI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)、牙菌斑指数(PLI)、牙周探诊深度(PD)、临床附着丧失(AL)的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组总的有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05),血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平、GI、SBI、PLI、PD、AL均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:牙周组织再生术联合口腔正畸治疗能有效降低牙周炎患者血清IL-6、IL-8、及TNF-α水平,提高其临床疗效。     

炎症细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α和MMP-8在口腔种植体周围炎患者中的变化

为了揭示炎症细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α和MMP-8在口腔种植体周围炎患者中的变化,本研究选择2016年9月至2017年12月被我院收治的义齿种植修复的患者200例作为研究对象,根据是否发生种植体周围炎分为炎症组(76颗)和健康组(124颗),另外选择100颗健康自然牙作为对照组。通过比较3组的牙周学指标(龈沟出血指数,菌斑指数和牙周探诊深度)及炎症细胞因子(IL-6,TNF-α和MMP-8)的差异,本研究发现炎症组的龈沟出血指数和菌斑指数评分及牙周探诊深度均显著高于健康组和对照组(p0.05);健康组和对照组上述3项牙周学指标无显著差异(p0.05);炎症组龈沟液中的的IL-6、TNF-α和MMP-8水平均显著高于健康组和对照组(p0.05);健康组和对照组上述3种炎症细胞因子水平无显著差异(p0.05);种植牙或自然牙龈沟液中的的IL-6、TNF-α和MMP-8水平均与龈沟出血指数、菌斑指数和牙周探诊深度显著正相关(p0.05);3项牙周学指标相互之间也存在显著正相关(p0.05),IL-6、TNF-α和MMP-8水平之间同样呈显著正相关(p0.05)。本研究表明,IL-6、TNF-α和MMP-8水平在种植体周围炎患者的龈沟液中显著升高,这3组炎症细胞因子与牙周学指标密切相关。     

OSFE植骨与不植骨种植修复的临床效果对比研究

目的:比较上颌窦挤压内提升(OSFE)植骨与不植骨种植修复的临床效果。方法:选择上颌后牙区种植修复的35例患者,其剩余牙槽嵴高度(RBH)为4~8 mm,共植入43颗种植体。A组16例患者为植骨组,20个种植位点,牙槽骨可用骨高度平均(5.87±1.19)mm,植入人工骨粉后植入种植体;B组19例患者为不植骨组,23个种植位点,缺牙区牙槽骨可用骨高度平均(5.67±1.10)mm,上颌窦提升后直接植入种植体。6个月后行二期手术完成修复。采用临床检查、X线检查及视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)进行效果评价。结果:两组病例的牙槽嵴高度差异比较无统计学意义。在平均约36.7个月的随访期内,A组种植体的存留率为100%(20/20),B组中有1枚种植体因咬合力过大及口腔卫生较差脱落,种植体的存留率为95.6%(22/23),两组病例的存留率比较无统计学差异。两组患者的VAS值比较亦相当。所有种植体骨结合良好,种植体周围软组织无炎症,种植义齿咀嚼功能良好。结论:在严格控制适应症、准确掌握种植技巧的前提下,RBH在4~8 mm之间的病例无需额外植入骨代替材料即可取得理想的修复效果,简化了手术的操作,减少了手术的风险和创伤,节省了手术的时间和费用,易被患者接受。     

树鼩背部肌肉植入多孔复合材料HAPw/n-ZnO的体内生物学性能

目的 初步探讨多孔复合材料HAPw/n-ZnO的体内生物学性能。方法 选用树鼩15只,雌雄不限,每只背部肌肉均植入多孔复合材料HAPw/n-ZnO、Bio-Oss骨粉、ATLANTIK人工骨、国产金世植骨灵人工骨,多孔复合材料HAPw/n-ZnO为实验组,其余为对照组。术后进行动物大体观察及手术部位观察,4周、8周、12周每次随机抽取4只动物处死,进行埋植部位肌肉组织病理学观察、碱性磷酸酶活性(ALP)及钙含量测定。结果 HE染色显示实验HAPw/n-ZnO组与各对照组肌间质内均可见钙化灶,实验组肌肉可见炎症细胞明显聚集;Masson染色显示实验组与各对照组植入材料周边均可见绿染的胶原纤维;碱性磷酸酶活性及钙含量测定实验组与金世植骨灵组及Bio-Oss骨粉组的差异有统计学意义,金世植骨灵组及Bio-Oss骨粉组优于实验组,与ATLANTIK人工骨组差异无统计学意义。结论 多孔复合材料HAPw/n-ZnO在植入树鼩背部肌肉后有成骨活性但未异位成骨,且引起炎症反应。     

黄连上清胶囊联合康复新液治疗口腔种植体周围软组织炎的临床研究

摘要 目的：观察黄连上清胶囊联合康复新液治疗口腔种植体周围软组织炎（PI）的临床治疗效果。方法：选择兰州大学第二医院2018年3月~2021年5月期间收治的口腔PI患者100例作为观察对象,所有患者根据双色球法分为对照组（50例）和观察组（50例）,对照组患者接受康复新液治疗,观察组患者接受黄连上清胶囊联合康复新液治疗,对比两组疗效、牙周功能指标、血清细胞因子和不良反应。结果：观察组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率对比无差异（P>0.05）。治疗后,两组龈沟出血指数（SBI）、菌斑指数（PLI）、附着丧失（AL）、探诊深度（PD）减小,且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组白介素-1β（IL-1β）、白介素-6（IL-6）和单核细胞趋化因子（MCP-1）水平下降,且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：黄连上清胶囊联合康复新液治疗口腔PI,可促进牙周功能恢复,减轻种植体周围炎症,安全可靠。     

KOM一段式种植体即刻种植的动物实验研究

目的：观察KOM一段式种植体即刻种植骨愈合过程,探索即刻种植的可行性。材料与方法：将6只狗分3组分别作实验。每组2只动物行KOM一段式种植体即刻种植愈合过程观察;动物分别于术后1、2、3个月处死2只大体标本观察、X线片、光镜、扫描电镜观察;结果：KOM一段式种植体即刻种植可以达到骨怀愈合。结论：1、KOM一段式种植体的即刻种植是一种临床可行的种植方式。2、即刻中植时种植体与骨组织之间的骨间隙是否充填生物替代材料,除了考虑种植体周围骨间隙的大小,还要考虑种植体的初期稳定性。     

KOM—段式种植体即刻种植的动物实验研究

目的:观察KOM一段式种植体即刻种植骨愈合过程,探索即刻种植的可行性。材料与方法:将6只狗分3组分别作实验。每组2只动物行KOM一段式种植体即刻种植愈合过程观察;动物分别于术后1、2、3个月各处死2只行大体标本观察、X线片、光镜、扫描电镜观察;结果:KOM一段式种植体即刻种植可以达到骨性愈合。结论:1、KOM一段式种植体的即刻种植是一种临床可行的种植方式。2、即刻中植时种植体与骨组织之间的骨间隙是否充填生物替代材料,除了考虑种植体周围骨间隙的大小,还要考虑种植体的初期稳定性。     

CD133: Enhancement of Bone Healing by Local Transplantation of Peripheral Blood Cells in a Biologically Delayed Rat Osteotomy Model

Sufficient angiogenesis is crucial during tissue regeneration and therefore also pivotal in bone defect healing. Recently, peripheral blood derived progenitor cells have been identified to have in addition to their angiogenic potential also osteogenic characteristics, leading to the hypothesis that bone regeneration could be stimulated by local administration of these cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the angiogenic potential of locally administered progenitor cells to improve bone defect healing. Cells were separated from the peripheral blood of donor animals using the markers CD34 and CD133. Results of the in vitro experiments confirmed high angiogenic potential in the CD133(+) cell group. CD34(+) and CD133(+) cells were tested in an in vivo rat femoral defect model of delayed healing for their positive effect on the healing outcome. An increased callus formation and higher bone mineral density of callus tissue was found after the CD133(+) cell treatment compared to the group treated with CD34(+) cells and the control group without cells. Histological findings confirmed an increase in vessel formation and mineralization at day 42 in the osteotomy gap after CD133(+) cell transplantation. The higher angiogenic potential of CD133(+) cells from the in vitro experients therefore correlates with the in vivo data. This study demonstrates the suitability of angiogenic precursors to further bone healing and gives an indication that peripheral blood is a promising source for progenitor cells circumventing the problems associated with bone marrow extraction.     

Effect of electromagnetic field on bone regeneration around dental implants after immediate placement in the dog mandible: a pilot study

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00525.x Effect of electromagnetic field on bone regeneration around dental implants after immediate placement in the dog mandible: a pilot study Background: Accelerating bone healing around dental implants can reduce the long‐term period between the insertion of implants and functional rehabilitation. Objective: This in vivo study evaluated the effect of a constant electromagnetic field (CEF) on bone healing around dental implants in dogs. Materials and methods: Eight dental implants were placed immediately after extraction of the first pre‐molar and molar teeth on the mandible of two male dogs and divided into experimental (CEF) and control groups. A CEF at magnetic intensity of 0.8 mT with a pulse width of 25 μs and frequency of 1.5 MHz was applied on the implants for 20 min per day for 2 weeks. Result and conclusion: After qualitative histological analysis, a small quantity of newly formed bone was observed in the gap between the implant surface and alveolar bone in both groups.     

Chitosan in Surface Modification for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

Traditional methods of bone defect repair include autografts, allografts, surgical reconstruction, and metal implants that have several disadvantages such as donor site morbidity, rejection, risk of disease transmission, and repetitive surgery. Biomaterial‐based bone reconstructions can, therefore, be an efficient alternative due to the inherent properties of the materials. Chitosan (CS), the deacetylated form of chitin, is a biopolymer having a wide array of applicability in regenerative tissue applications owing to its biocompatible, in vitro degradative and bioresorbable nature. Extensive studies are being carried out using CS to augment the properties of the already existing methods and to also improve the applicability of CS‐based biocomposites in bone tissue repair. In this review, the suitability of CS as a surface modifier has been discussed in detail for the already existing implants, surface modifications of CS‐based natural biocomposites for bone tissue regeneration, and the wide range of techniques that can introduce these modifications. CS, being a natural polymer, possesses advantageous properties including surface modifier that makes it a suitable candidate for bone regeneration, and further research to investigate its osteogenic potential in vivo along with the molecular and signaling mechanisms involved in bone regeneration can aid in expanding its applicability in clinical trials.     

人工骨表面覆盖口腔修复膜对颌骨囊性缺损人工骨植入术患者植入腔感染的预防作用

目的:探讨人工骨表面覆盖口腔修复膜对颌骨囊性缺损人工骨植入术患者植入腔感染的预防作用。方法:将我院2012年4月～2016年2月收治的78例颌骨囊性缺损患者按治疗时间分为对照组38例与观察组40例,均行开窗人工骨植入术,其中对照组采取常规抗感染,观察组采取人工骨表面覆盖口腔修复膜。比较两组的囊腔体积、面积缩减率、人工骨植入量、骨厚度及植入腔感染率。结果:两组的囊腔体积、面积缩减率及人工骨植入量比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。但观察组的骨厚度明显大于对照组(P0.05),植入腔感染率明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:在开窗人工骨植入术的基础上使用口腔修复膜不仅能引导骨组织再生,而且能够显著降低植入腔的感染率。     

A regenerative approach for bone repair in congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia associated or not associated with type 1 neurofibromatosis: correlation between laboratory findings and clinical outcome

Background and aimsCongenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a rare orthopedic disease presenting spontaneous fractures that do not heal. The treatment of CPT is characterized by repeated surgical procedures that often fail, with the inevitable outcome of severe disability and amputation. We tested the hypothesis that CPT may benefit from regenerative strategies based on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) combined with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as a source of growth factors. The aim of the study was to verify whether laboratory testing to assess the osteogenic properties of MSC and the osteo-inductive activity of PRF correlated with the clinical outcome.MethodsTen patients affected by refractory CPT were treated by using MSC derived from the iliac crest (IC-MSC), PRF and lyophilized bone. In six patients, CPT was associated with type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1). Biochemical, functional and molecular assays were performed to assess the intrinsic osteogenic potential of IC-MSC (cells cultured with fetal calf serum) and the osteo-inductive properties of PRF (cells cultured with autologous serum).ResultsBone consolidation was obtained in three patients who had CPT and NF1. In these patients, the IC-MSC exposed to autologous serum were able to form mineral nodules in vitro, while the mineralizing ability was totally abrogated in patients with a poor clinical outcome.ConclusionsCell therapy may be a useful tool for the treatment of refractory CPT because it increases the opportunity to achieve effective bone tissue regeneration. Our data suggest that the presence of pro-osteogenic growth factors is an essential requirement for bone healing.     

Numerical investigation of bone remodelling around immediately loaded dental implants using sika deer (Cervus nippon) antlers as implant bed

This study combines finite element method and animal studies, aiming to investigate tissue remodelling processes around dental implants inserted into sika deer antler and to develop an alternative animal consuming model for studying bone remodelling around implants. Implants were inserted in the antlers and loaded immediately via a self-developed loading device. After 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks, implants and surrounding tissue were taken out. Specimens were scanned by μCT scanner and finite element models were generated. Immediate loading and osseointegration conditions were simulated at the implant-tissue interface. A vertical force of 10 N was applied on the implant. During the healing time, density and Young’s modulus of antler tissue around the implant increased significantly. For each time point, the values of displacement, stresses and strains in the osseointegration model were lower than those of the immediate loading model. As the healing time increased, the displacement of implants was reduced. The 3-week immediate loading model (9878 ± 1965 μstrain) illustrated the highest strains in the antler tissue. Antler tissue showed similar biomechanical properties as human bone in investigating the bone remodelling around implants, therefore the use of sika deer antler model is a promising alternative in implant biomechanical studies.     

Adipose-derived stem cells alleviate osteoporosis by enchancing osteogenesis and inhibiting adipogenesis in a rabbit model

Background aimsOsteoporosis (OP) is characterized by a reduction in bone quality, which is associated with inadequacies in bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs). As an alternative cell source to BMSCs, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have been investigated for bone repair because of their osteogenic potential and self-renewal capability. Nevertheless, whether autologous ASCs can be used to promote bone regeneration under osteoporotic conditions has not been elucidated.MethodsThe OP rabbit model was established by means of bilateral ovariectomy (OVX). Both BMSCs and ASCs were harvested from OVX rabbits and expanded in vitro. The effects of osteogenic-induced ASCs on the in vitro adipogenic and osteogenic capabilities of BMSCs were evaluated. Autologous ASCs were then encapsulated by calcium alginate gel and transplanted into the distal femurs of OVX rabbits (n = 12). Hydrogel without loading cells was injected into the contralateral femurs as a control. Animals were killed for investigation at 12 weeks after transplantation.ResultsOsteogenic-induced ASCs were able to promote osteogenesis and inhibit adipogenesis of osteoporotic BMSCs through activation of the bone morphogenetic protein 2/bone morphogenetic protein receptor type IB signal pathway. Local bone mineral density began to increase at 8 weeks after ASC transplantation (P < 0.05). At 12 weeks, micro–computed tomography and histological evaluation revealed more new bone formation in the cell-treated femurs than in the control group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that ASCs could stimulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro and enhance bone regeneration in vivo, which suggests that autologous osteogenic-induced ASCs might be useful to alleviate OP temporally.     

A pilot study of Cerasorb and Bio-Oss enhanced new bone formation in animal model

The aim of this pilot investigation was to develop a new animal model for studying the effects on osteogenesis of agents used in the guided bone regeneration technique. As test material, a mixture of two osseoconductive materials with different physico-chemical characteristics was used. One component of the mixture was Bio-Oss, a bovine hydroxyapatite; the other was Cerasorb, a synthetic tricalcium phosphate. The mixture consisited of 50 volume percent of Bio-Oss and 50 volume percent of Cerasorb. In in vivo pilot experiment, bone wounds were prepared in the proximal third of both femurs of rabbits. A Cerasorb + Bio-Oss mixture was inserted on the test side and the same amount of sterile buffered physiological solution on the control side. After healing for 4 weeks, the bone segments were embedded and cut without decalcification, using the Exact cutting and grinding system. The density of the newly-formed bone was evaluated histomorphometrically. On the Cerasorb + Bio-Oss test side the bone density was almost 1.5 times higher than that on the control side. These results demonstrated that the applied animal model is appropriate for investigation of the effects on osteogenesis of biocompatible graft materials such as Bio-Oss and Cerasorb.     

llizarov骨搬运技术治疗胫骨骨缺损的疗效及术后延迟愈合或不愈合的影响因素分析

摘要 目的：探讨 llizarov骨搬运技术治疗胫骨骨缺损的疗效及术后延迟愈合或不愈合的影响因素分析。方法：选取 2016年 6月-2020年 10月本院收治的 90例胫骨骨缺损患者为研究对象,患者均给予 llizarov骨搬运技术治疗。对患者的手术效果指标、并发症发生率进行记录统计。并对患者进行门诊随访观察,统计患者延迟愈合或不愈合的发生情况,据此将患者分为愈合组和延迟愈合或不愈合组。采用单因素及多因素 Logistic回归分析患者术后延迟愈合或不愈合发生的影响因素。结果：患者住院时间为(12.11± 2.98)d、开始负重时间为(45.39± 7.78)d、完全负重时间(76.41± 11.23)d。患者术后并发症发生率为 8.89%(8/90)。经随访观察,共有 29例患者出现术后延迟愈合或不愈合,发生率为 32.22%（29/90）。而延迟愈合或不愈合组患者的伤口感染、合并软组织损伤、合并腓骨骨折、术后过早活动及有吸烟史的人数占比高于愈合组患者(P<0.05)。经多因素 Logistic回归分析显示：伤口感染、合并软组织损伤、合并腓骨骨折、术后过早活动、有吸烟史是患者术后延迟愈合或不愈合的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论：llizarov骨搬运技术治疗胫骨骨缺损的疗效较好,患者的手术时间短、术中失血量少、住院时间、开始负重时间均较短,并发症发生率低,治疗安全性较好,但患者易出现术后延迟愈合或不愈合现象,可能与伤口感染、合并软组织损伤、合并腓骨骨折、术后过早活动、吸烟史有关。     

Biological Characteristics and Effect of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hUC-MSCs) Grafting with Blood Plasma on Bone Regeneration in Rats

We evaluated the biological characteristics/effect of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) grafting with blood plasma on bone regeneration in rat tibia nonunion. SD rats (142) were randomly divided into four groups: fracture group (positive control); nonunion group (negative control); hUC-MSCs grafting with blood plasma group; and hUC-MSCs grafting with saline group. Rats were administered tetracycline (30 mg/kg) and calcein blue (5 mg/kg) 8 days before killing. The animals were killed under deep anesthesia at 4 and 8 weeks post fracture for radiological evaluation and histological/immunohistological studies. The hUC-MSCs grafting with blood plasma group was similar to fracture group: the fracture line blurred in 4 weeks and disappeared in 8 weeks postoperatively. Histological/immunohistological studies showed that hUC-MSCs were of low immunogenicity which merged in rat bone tissue, differentiated into osteogenic lineages, and completed the healing of nonunion. After stem cell transplantation, regardless of whether plasma or saline was used, new multi-center bone formation was observed; fracture site density was better in stem cell grafting with blood plasma group. We, therefore, concluded that the biological characteristics of hUC-MSCs-treated nonunion were different from the standard fracture healing process, and the proliferative and localization capacity of hUC-MSCs might benefit from the use of blood plasma.