人白介素-38原核表达载体的构建及其蛋白表达、纯化

$目的%构建人白介素(interleukin,IL)-38原核表达载体,原核表达IL-38重组蛋白、纯化及活性分析。[方法]PCR扩增IL-38成熟蛋白编码区,构建IL-38原核表达载体p ET-44-h IL-38,转化BL21(DE3)菌株,用IPTG诱导,表达IL-38重组蛋白,并利用其C末端的组氨酸标签进行镍离子亲和层析纯化,将纯化的重组IL-38作用于脂多糖(LPS)诱导的THP-1细胞,研究纯化IL-38蛋白的生物学活性。[结果]构建的IL-38原核表达载体测序结果与Gen Bank中基因序列一致;IPTG诱导产生的IL-38蛋白主要以可溶性形式存在,纯化的目的蛋白经SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳分析和Western Blot鉴定发现,蛋白纯度可达98%,细胞实验证明纯化的目的蛋白具有较高的生物学活性。[结论]成功构建了IL-38的原核表达载体,制备了具有生物活性的IL-38重组蛋白。     

人IL-24基因原核表达载体的构建及蛋白的表达纯化

构建人白细胞介素24(IL-24)原核表达载体并利用ELP-Intein系统表达纯化可溶性的IL-24蛋白。通过PCR扩增不含信号肽的人IL-24基因,将IL-24基因插入p ET-ELP-Intein质粒构建重组表达载体p ET-ELP-Intein-IL-24。将重组质粒转化至E.coliBLR(DE3),20℃下经IPTG诱导表达。利用ELP蛋白在不同温度下发生相变的特点和Intein蛋白的自切割反应纯化可溶性IL-24蛋白,将纯化得到的IL-24蛋白进行Western blot鉴定。用Annexin V-FITC/PI细胞凋亡检测试剂盒检测IL-24蛋白的生物学活性。成功构建了重组表达载体p ET-ELP-Intein-IL-24,第一次通过原核表达方法表达并纯化出了可溶性的IL-24蛋白。Western blot检测显示目的蛋白能与IL-24抗体特异性结合,表明纯化出的蛋白确实为IL-24蛋白。细胞凋亡检测实验证明IL-24蛋白能显著地诱导hep G2细胞发生凋亡。     

白细胞介素2受体α链基因转录起始点和5'调控区结合蛋白的初步研究

 借助于5'和3'末端删切后重建的IL-2R a链基因调控区次级克隆,在体外合成有放射性同位素参入的反意义RNA探针与总RNA进行液相杂交,结果表明TPA或PHA分别活化的T细胞在IL-2R a链表达过程中都在不同程度上有选择地利用了调控区内分别为-58(5')和+1(3')位两个转录起始点中3'转录起始点。热休克使PHA活化细胞更明显地利用+1位点。PHA诱导Jurkat细胞表达IL-2RamRNA斑点杂交证实,Jurkat细胞在活化16小时表达IL-2Ra基本达到高峰,至24小时已明显下降。根据这一规律提取PHA诱导活化15小时的Jurkat细胞S100和NE,进行有关结合蛋白的研究,初步结果显示磷酸纤维素柱的KCI洗脱组分中存在着DNA结合蛋白,有关结合蛋白性质的研究正在进行中。     

GST-IL-21融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达及其活性测定

目的:克隆人白细胞介素21(IL-21)编码区的cDNA,在大肠杆菌中得以表达,并检测其促进人外周血单核细胞(PBMC)增殖的生物学活性。方法:利用基因工程技术,以植物血凝素(PHA)刺激的人扁桃体细胞cDNA文库为模板,经PCR扩增获得IL-21的编码基因,并将其重组于表达载体pGEX4T-2中,转化大肠杆菌DH5α进行诱导表达,纯化得到GST-IL-21重组融合蛋白;MTT法检测其对促进PBMC增殖的功能。结果:获得了IL-21编码区的cDNA克隆;SDS-PAGE显示经IPTG诱导表达的该融合蛋白相对分子质量为41000;纯化后的GST-IL-21融合蛋白在体外具有显著的促进PBMC增殖的作用。结论:GST-IL-21融合蛋白在原核表达系统中可以有效表达,并具有较好的生物学活性。     

鹅IL-2基因在大肠杆菌中的表达及其可溶性单体的分离

将去除信号肽编码序列的鹅IL-2基因克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a (+), 构建了重组表达质粒pET-28a (+)-goIL-2, 转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞, 经IPTG诱导, 实现了重组鹅IL-2(rgoIL-2)蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达。SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting分析显示, 表达蛋白的分子量约为15.0 kD, 能被抗鹅IL-2单克隆抗体特异识别。可溶性分析表明表达蛋白大部分以包涵体形式存在, 部分以可溶形式存在, 非变性电泳可见可溶性蛋白存在单体和多聚体组分。镍柱亲和层析法纯化的rgoIL-2蛋白过滤后, 利用?KTA FPLC(快速蛋白分离纯化系统)进行逐级分离, 非变性电泳可见单一的鹅IL-2可溶性蛋白单体。体外生物学活性分析显示鹅IL-2可溶性蛋白单体能刺激鹅淋巴细胞增殖。这为进一步研究鹅IL-2的生物学功能及其临床应用奠定基础。     

鹅IL-2基因在大肠杆菌中的表达及其可溶性单体的分离

将去除信号肽编码序列的鹅IL-2基因克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a (+), 构建了重组表达质粒pET-28a (+)-goIL-2, 转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞, 经IPTG诱导, 实现了重组鹅IL-2(rgoIL-2)蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达。SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting分析显示, 表达蛋白的分子量约为15.0 kD, 能被抗鹅IL-2单克隆抗体特异识别。可溶性分析表明表达蛋白大部分以包涵体形式存在, 部分以可溶形式存在, 非变性电泳可见可溶性蛋白存在单体和多聚体组分。镍柱亲和层析法纯化的rgoIL-2蛋白过滤后, 利用?KTA FPLC(快速蛋白分离纯化系统)进行逐级分离, 非变性电泳可见单一的鹅IL-2可溶性蛋白单体。体外生物学活性分析显示鹅IL-2可溶性蛋白单体能刺激鹅淋巴细胞增殖。这为进一步研究鹅IL-2的生物学功能及其临床应用奠定基础。     

人IL-3基因原核表达载体的构建及表达

目的:构建人IL-3基因原核表达载体pET32a-IL-3,并在大肠杆菌中诱导表达。方法:通过佛波酯(TPA)和植物球血凝素(PHA)刺激人T淋巴细胞系Jurkat细胞,增加IL-3mRNA表达水平,提取mRNA,逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)获得cDNA,以Jurkat细胞cDNA为模板,通过PCR方法扩增得到人IL-3基因,将其克隆入原核表达载体pET32a(+)中,将重组质粒转化入大肠杆菌宿主菌株BL21中,以异丙基硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导融合蛋白表达,并通过改变IPTG浓度,诱导时间,诱导温度等条件最终实现蛋白的可溶性表达。表达产物用SDS-PAGE检测表达情况。结果:酶切鉴定和测序结果证明成功构建了原核表达载体pET32a-IL-3。SDS-PAGE检测结果证明实现了人IL-3基因在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达。结论:成功构建了人IL-3基因的原核表达载体并在大肠杆菌中获得了良好的表达。     

风疹病毒(RV)包膜糖蛋白E1特异基因片段的原核表达

目的:表达风疹病毒(RV)E1特异肽段的重组融合蛋白.方法:经过双酶切鉴定和测序鉴定的阳,陛重组质粒载体pGEX-2T/E1-N,转化到感受态大肠杆菌BL21后,用异丙基-β-D硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导其表达,并对诱导条件进行优化.用谷胱甘肽琼脂糖珠纯化重组融合蛋白,SDS-PAGE鉴定.结果:用IPTG可以诱导E1特异肽段的重组融合蛋白表达,37℃诱导时,最佳诱导剂浓度为1 mmol/L,最佳诱导时间为4h.诱导温度从37℃降至16℃时,重组融合蛋白以可溶性形式表达,用谷胱甘肽琼脂糖珠纯化获得了纯化的重组融合蛋白.结论:利用原核表达系统可以获得纯化的风疹病毒E1特异肽段的重组融合蛋白.     

重组小鼠白细胞介素-33的原核表达制备及其粘膜免疫佐剂活性

目的:白细胞介素(IL)-33对树突状细胞、巨噬细胞及T细胞等免疫细胞具有重要调控作用。利用大肠杆菌制备重组小鼠的IL-33,并初步考察其作为粘膜免疫佐剂应用的潜能与特点。方法:以IPTG诱导硫氧还蛋白(Trx)/IL-33融合蛋白在大肠杆菌DH5α中的表达,并通过QSepharose离子交换和Ni~(++)金属螯合亲和层析纯化Trx/IL-33,进一步经肠激酶切割获得成熟形式的IL-33。重组HBcAg混合纯化的IL-33后经滴鼻免疫小鼠,考察HBcAg特异的IgA及IgG_1、IgG_(2a)的应答。结果:纯化的重组IL-33具有与标准品相当的促巨噬细胞RAW264.7表达TNF-α的体外细胞生物学活性。作为佐剂可显著增强滴鼻粘膜免疫激发的不同粘膜组织中HBcAg特异的IgA应答,以及血清与支气管肺泡灌洗液中特异IgG_1的应答水平,而抑制IgG_(2a)应答。结论:利用大肠杆菌可制备活性IL-33,其具有粘膜免疫佐剂的应用潜能。     

小鼠c-Myc基因的克隆表达及其纯化

目的:克隆小鼠c-Myc基因,构建原核表达载体并对其进行蛋白表达及纯化。方法:以TetO-FUW-OSKM质粒为模板经PCR扩增c-Myc基因,再通过基因重组技术与pET-3C载体相连转化大肠杆菌DH5α。经抗性筛选,PCR鉴定阳性重组子,测序正确后,重组质粒转化大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3),IPTG诱导蛋白表达,SDS-PAGE对重组蛋白进行鉴定分析。结果:DNA电泳结果证实PCR扩增产物与预期大小一致,DNA测序结果显示与GenBank公布的c-Myc基因序列一致,IPTG诱导SDS-PAGE电泳后,在分子量64kDa左右出现诱导后蛋白新增条带,与预测的c-Myc分子量大小一致。结论:成功地构建了pET3C-Myc原核表达载体,表达并纯化出了c-Myc蛋白,为今后研究c-Myc蛋白及相关蛋白诱导体细胞成多能干细胞打下基础。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.