比较两种转录激活系统对生殖相关基因的表达调控

运用由CRISPR/Cas9技术延伸的两种转录激活系统Cas9-p300和dCas9-VPR分别激活生殖特化相关基因,比较它们针对生殖细胞特化基因的激活效率。实时荧光定量PCR结果表明,这两种激活系统均可激活大部分目的基因的表达。其中, Cas9-p300系统激活BLIMP1基因的效率更高, dCas9-VPR系统激活NANOS2、DAZL、SOX17基因的效率更高,两种系统在激活DDX4、TFAP2C基因时效率无显著性差异。由此,本研究通过比较Cas9-p300和dCas9-VPR转录激活系统调控生殖特化相关基因的表达,揭示了不同的转录激活系统在激活生殖特化相关基因时的不同效率,这将为利用转录激活系统研究生殖细胞分化提供理论基础,也将为研究其他发育系统中细胞命运的转变提供借鉴。     

Transcriptional Regulation of the Vanillate Utilization Genes (vanABK Operon) of Corynebacterium glutamicum by VanR,a PadR-Like Repressor

Corynebacterium glutamicum is able to utilize vanillate, the product of lignin degradation, as the sole carbon source. The vanillate utilization components are encoded by the vanABK operon. The vanA and vanB genes encode the subunits of vanillate O-demethylase, converting vanillate to protocatechuate, while VanK is the specific vanillate transporter. The vanABK operon is regulated by a PadR-type repressor, VanR. Heterologous gene expression and variations of the vanR open reading frame revealed that the functional VanR contains 192 residues (21 kDa) and forms a dimer, as analyzed by size exclusion chromatography. In vivo, ferulate, vanillin, and vanillate induced P_vanABK in C. glutamicum, while only vanillate induced the activity of P_vanABK in Escherichia coli lacking the ferulate catabolic system. Differential scanning fluorimetry verified that vanillate is the only effector of VanR. Interaction between the P_vanABK DNA fragment and the VanR protein had an equilibrium dissociation constant (K_D) of 15.1 ± 1.7 nM. The VanR-DNA complex had a dissociation rate constant (K_d) of (267 ± 23) × 10⁻⁶ s⁻¹, with a half-life of 43.5 ± 3.6 min. DNase I footprinting localized the VanR binding site at P_vanABK, extending from +9 to +45 on the coding strand. Deletion of the nucleotides +18 to +27 inside the VanR binding site rendered P_vanABK constitutive. Fusion of the T7 promoter and the wild-type VanR operator, as well as its shortened versions, indicated that the inverted repeat AACTAACTAA(N₄)TTAGGTATTT is the specific VanR binding site. It is proposed that the VanR-DNA complex contains two VanR dimers at the VanR operator.