共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
A global meta‐analysis of the relative extent of intraspecific trait variation in plant communities 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Andrew Siefert Cyrille Violle Loïc Chalmandrier Cécile H. Albert Adrien Taudiere Alex Fajardo Lonnie W. Aarssen Christopher Baraloto Marcos B. Carlucci Marcus V. Cianciaruso Vinícius de L. Dantas Francesco de Bello Leandro D. S. Duarte Carlos R. Fonseca Grégoire T. Freschet Stéphanie Gaucherand Nicolas Gross Kouki Hikosaka Benjamin Jackson Vincent Jung Chiho Kamiyama Masatoshi Katabuchi Steven W. Kembel Emilie Kichenin Nathan J. B. Kraft Anna Lagerström Yoann Le Bagousse‐Pinguet Yuanzhi Li Norman Mason Julie Messier Tohru Nakashizuka Jacob McC. Overton Duane A. Peltzer I. M. Pérez‐Ramos Valério D. Pillar Honor C. Prentice Sarah Richardson Takehiro Sasaki Brandon S. Schamp Christian Schöb Bill Shipley Maja Sundqvist Martin T. Sykes Marie Vandewalle David A. Wardle 《Ecology letters》2015,18(12):1406-1419
Recent studies have shown that accounting for intraspecific trait variation (ITV) may better address major questions in community ecology. However, a general picture of the relative extent of ITV compared to interspecific trait variation in plant communities is still missing. Here, we conducted a meta‐analysis of the relative extent of ITV within and among plant communities worldwide, using a data set encompassing 629 communities (plots) and 36 functional traits. Overall, ITV accounted for 25% of the total trait variation within communities and 32% of the total trait variation among communities on average. The relative extent of ITV tended to be greater for whole‐plant (e.g. plant height) vs. organ‐level traits and for leaf chemical (e.g. leaf N and P concentration) vs. leaf morphological (e.g. leaf area and thickness) traits. The relative amount of ITV decreased with increasing species richness and spatial extent, but did not vary with plant growth form or climate. These results highlight global patterns in the relative importance of ITV in plant communities, providing practical guidelines for when researchers should include ITV in trait‐based community and ecosystem studies. 相似文献
2.
Samantha K. Dawson Carlos Prez Carmona Manuela Gonzlez&#x;Surez Mari Jnsson Filipe Chichorro Max Mallen&#x;Cooper Yolanda Melero Helen Moor John P. Simaika Alexander Bradley Duthie 《Ecology and evolution》2021,11(23):16434
Trait and functional trait approaches have revolutionized ecology improving our understanding of community assembly, species coexistence, and biodiversity loss. Focusing on traits promotes comparability across spatial and organizational scales, but terms must be used consistently. While several papers have offered definitions, it remains unclear how ecologists operationalize “trait” and “functional trait” terms. Here, we evaluate how researchers and the published literatures use these terms and explore differences among subdisciplines and study systems (taxa and biome). By conducting both a survey and a literature review, we test the hypothesis that ecologists’ working definition of “trait” is adapted or altered when confronting the realities of collecting, analyzing and presenting data. From 486 survey responses and 712 reviewed papers, we identified inconsistencies in the understanding and use of terminology among researchers, but also limited inclusion of definitions within the published literature. Discrepancies were not explained by subdiscipline, system of study, or respondent characteristics, suggesting there could be an inconsistent understanding even among those working in related topics. Consistencies among survey responses included the use of morphological, phonological, and physiological traits. Previous studies have called for unification of terminology; yet, our study shows that proposed definitions are not consistently used or accepted. Sources of disagreement include trait heritability, defining and interpreting function, and dealing with organisms in which individuals are not clearly recognizable. We discuss and offer guidelines for overcoming these disagreements. The diversity of life on Earth means traits can represent different features that can be measured and reported in different ways, and thus, narrow definitions that work for one system will fail in others. We recommend ecologists embrace the breadth of biodiversity using a simplified definition of “trait” more consistent with its common use. Trait‐based approaches will be most powerful if we accept that traits are at least as diverse as trait ecologists. 相似文献
3.
Abstract Relative growth rate (RGR) is a fundamental trait for comparative plant ecology but cannot be measured in situ, leading to problems in interpreting vegetation function. However, the components of RGR (net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area ratio (LAR), leaf weight ratio (LWR), and specific leaf area (SLA)) can be calculated for wild plants from morphological measurements (leaf area, leaf dry mass, whole plant dry mass), which potentially reflect RGR. Seeds of 19 species from Italian prealpine calcareous grasslands were collected and seedlings were cultivated under controlled conditions. RGR, NAR, LAR, LWR and SLA were analysed. The results demonstrated that RGR was positively correlated with SLA and LAR (p < 0.01). Furthermore, LAR was positively correlated with LWR and negatively with NAR (p < 0.05). Monocotyledons showed significantly higher LAR, LWR and NAR than dicotyledons, as the latter allocated a greater proportion of biomass to stems, but RGR and SLA showed no such phylogenetic constraint. Therefore SLA is the most reliable indicator of RGR in ecological and functional surveys of prealpine calcareous grasslands, and has the additional advantage that it can be measured from leaf material alone. Lower mean RGR and SLA for calcareous grassland species suggests that this vegetation is less likely to recover from the effects of disturbance than meadows and dry meadows. 相似文献
4.
张永强;李明喜;曾文汐;王飞;余海清;张超;邵慧敏;马文宝;董廷发 《生态学杂志》2025,44(3):713-719
叶片功能性状被广泛用于表征植物对环境变化的响应与适应。杜鹃花作为重要的园艺和具有生态价值物种;对热的敏感性限制了其在低海拔地区的生存;然而基于功能性状分析杜鹃花如何响应暖化气候诱发的热效应的研究还较少。本研究以四川都江堰地区的6种杜鹃花属幼树为对象;采用低海拔移植的手段;比较了叶片形态（单叶重（LM）、单叶面积（LA）、叶厚（LT）、比叶面积（SLA））、叶干物质含量（LDMC）、养分（叶氮（N）、磷（P）、氮磷比（N/P））和净光合速率（Pn）性状在两个海拔之间的差异。结果表明:（1）高海拔（1800 m）下6种杜鹃花的叶片形态（除比叶面积）、养分（除叶磷）、Pn在物种之间有差异显著;但在低海拔移植（550 m）后;杜鹃花的叶干物质含量和Pn在种间无显著差异。（2）总体上;低海拔移植显著增加了比叶面积、Pn、叶氮和磷含量;减少了单叶重、单叶面积、叶厚和叶干物质含量;且这些性状的响应强度在不同物种间不同。（3）从性状之间的关系来看;高海拔生境下Pn与比叶面积、叶氮含量和氮磷比均呈显著正相关;而低海拔移植后这些关系均不显著。这些结果暗示不同杜鹃花物种对温度升高的敏感性不一致。本研究结果可为理解杜鹃花属植物响应与适应全球气候变暖提供科学依据。 相似文献
5.
Feeding plasticity of the Andean plecopteran Klapopteryx kuscheli and Notoperla archiplatae larvae was assessed through a field experiment using enclosures. K. kuscheli has previously been described as a shredder and N. archiplatae as a scraper. Further information on gut contents from different populations supported those results. In the experiment, larvae of both species were exposed to contrasting food items: leaf litter and periphyton. Consumption, growth and the efficiency of food conversion were measured. K. kuscheli was able to feed on periphyton, though it did not grow. N. archiplatae failed to feed on leaf litter. While K. kuscheli might be considered a facultative shredder, N. archiplatae functions as a specialist scraper. The natural distribution and seasonal abundance in two small streams showed contrasting habitat use of both species. N. archiplatae inhabited high velocity runs and riffles underneath large substrates while K. kuscheli presented a higher habitat plasticity. Implications of those results for ecosystem function are discussed. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
6.
植物功能性状反映植物适应环境变化过程中在不同器官形态与功能间的资源权衡与分配策略。典型草原围封后枯落物累积导致群落光照、热量和水分的重新分配并改变微环境特征。在此过程中植物地上功能性状将通过怎样的变化来适应新的环境,目前尚不清楚。2015—2017年每年8月对内蒙古地区3种典型草原共有物种羊草(Leymus chinensis)的植株、叶片和茎干功能性状进行了测量与分析。结果表明:枯落物累积显著增加了羊草的植株高度、单株重量、茎叶比和总叶面积;枯落物累积显著增加了羊草的叶片长度、叶片重量、单叶面积、节间长度和茎干重量,这些性状属于敏感性状;枯落物累积对羊草的叶片数量和节间数量无显著影响,相对而言,这些性状属于惰性性状;羊草的单株重量与植株高度、叶片重量呈极显著的正相关关系(P<0.0001);羊草的植株高度与节间数量、节间长度呈极显著的正相关关系(P<0.0001)。本研究结果从植物地上功能性状的角度阐明了典型草原植物对环境变化的适应方式,可为围封草原的合理管理提供基础数据与理论依据。 相似文献
7.
Nathan G. Swenson Pedro Anglada-Cordero John A. Barone 《Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society》2011,278(1707):877-884
Explaining the mechanisms that produce the enormous diversity within and between tropical tree communities is a pressing challenge for plant community ecologists. Mechanistic hypotheses range from niche-based deterministic to dispersal-based stochastic models. Strong tests of these hypotheses require detailed information regarding the functional strategies of species. A few tropical studies to date have examined trait dispersion within individual forest plots using species trait means in order to ask whether coexisting species tend to be more or less functionally similar than expected given a null model. The present work takes an alternative approach by: (i) explicitly incorporating population-level trait variability; and (ii) quantifying the functional beta diversity in a series of 15 tropical forest plots arrayed along an elevational gradient. The results show a strong pattern of decay in community functional similarity with elevation. These observed patterns of functional beta diversity are shown to be highly non-random and support a deterministic model of tropical tree community assembly and turnover. 相似文献
8.
黄土高原子午岭不同森林群落叶功能性状 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对黄土高原子午岭地区5种主要森林群落中重要值>0.1的物种叶功能性状进行了比较,结果表明:1)叶干物质含量(LDMC)与比叶面积(SLA)呈负相关;SLA与叶厚度(LT)呈负相关,但与叶氮含量(LNC)和叶磷含量(LPC)呈正相关;LT与LNC、LPC和叶钾含量(LKC)呈负相关;LNC、LPC和LKC三者之间均呈正相关。2)坡位是影响叶大小(LS)、LT、LNC和LKC的主要地形因子,海拔对LPC和SLA的影响最大,而坡向则是影响LDMC的主要因子。因此,叶功能性状之间所呈现的特征及其对立地条件的适应都表现出了植物的生态策略。3)各群落间的乔木层叶功能性状均有显著差异,灌木层的叶功能性状无显著差异,而草本层除了LDMC无显著差异(P>0.05)外,其他叶功能性状均有显著差异,说明群落的叶功能性状的大小取决于群落内物种的叶功能性状及其重要值。 相似文献
9.
Jonas Kuppler Ccile H. Albert Gregory M. Ames William Scott Armbruster Gerhard Boenisch Florian C. Boucher Diane R. Campbell Liedson T. Carneiro Eduardo Chacn‐Madrigal Brian J. Enquist Carlos R. Fonseca Jos M. Gmez Antoine Guisan Pedro Higuchi Dirk N. Karger Jens Kattge Michael Kleyer Nathan J. B. Kraft Anne‐Amlie C. Larue‐Konti&#x; Amparo Lzaro Martin Lechleitner Deirdre Loughnan Vanessa Minden Ülo Niinemets Gerhard E. Overbeck Amy L. Parachnowitsch Francisco Perfectti Valrio D. Pillar David Schellenberger Costa Nina Sletvold Martina Stang Isabel Alves‐dos‐Santos Helena Streit Justin Wright Marcin Zych Robert R. Junker 《Global Ecology and Biogeography》2020,29(6):992-1007
10.
Xin&#x;e Li Xin Zhao Yuki Tsujii Yueqi Ma Renyi Zhang Cheng Qian Zixi Wang Feilong Geng Shixuan Jin 《Ecology and evolution》2022,12(6)
Leaf anatomy varies with abiotic factors and is an important trait for understanding plant adaptive responses to environmental conditions. Leaf mass per area (LMA) is a key morphological trait and is related to leaf performance, such as light‐saturated photosynthetic rate per leaf mass, leaf mechanical strength, and leaf lifespan. LMA is the multiplicative product of leaf thickness (LT) and leaf density (LD), both of which vary with leaf anatomy. Nevertheless, how LMA, LT, and LD covary with leaf anatomy is largely unexplored along natural environmental gradients. Slope aspect is a topographic factor that underlies variations in solar irradiation, air temperature, humidity, and soil fertility. In the present study, we examined (1) how leaf anatomy varies with different slope aspects and (2) how leaf anatomy is related to LMA, LD, and LT. Leaf anatomy was measured for 30 herbaceous species across three slope aspects (south‐, west‐, and north‐facing slopes; hereafter, SFS, WFS, and NFS, respectively) in an eastern Tibetan subalpine meadow. For 18 of the 30 species, LMA data were available from previous studies. LD was calculated as LMA divided by LT. Among the slope aspects, the dominant species on the SFS exhibited the highest LTs with the thickest spongy mesophyll layers. The thicker spongy mesophyll layer was related to a lower LD via larger intercellular airspaces. In contrast, LD was the highest on NFS among the slope aspects. LMA was not significantly different among the slope aspects because higher LTs on SFS were effectively offset by lower LDs. These results suggest that the relationships between leaf anatomy and LMA were different among the slope aspects. Mechanisms underlying the variations in leaf anatomy may include different solar radiation, air temperatures, soil water, and nutrient availabilities among the slope aspects. 相似文献
11.
12.
OLUSEGUN O. OSUNKOYA DEANNA BAYLISS F. D. PANETTA GABRIELLE VIVIAN‐SMITH 《Austral ecology》2010,35(6):636-649
Exotic and invasive woody vines are major environmental weeds of riparian areas, rainforest communities and remnant natural vegetation in coastal eastern Australia, where they smother standing vegetation, including large trees, and cause canopy collapse. We investigated, through glasshouse resource manipulative experiments, the ecophysiological traits that might facilitate faster growth, better resource acquisition and/or utilization and thus dominance of four exotic and invasive vines of South East Queensland, Australia, compared with their native counterparts. Relative growth rate was not significantly different between the two groups but water use efficiency (WUE) was higher in the native species while the converse was observed for light use efficiency (quantum efficiency, AQE) and maximum photosynthesis on a mass basis (). The invasive species, as a group, also exhibited higher respiration load, higher light compensation point and higher specific leaf area. There were stronger correlations of leaf traits and greater structural (but not physiological) plasticity in invasive species than in their native counterparts. The scaling coefficients of resource use efficiencies (WUE, AQE and respiration efficiency) as well as those of fitness (biomass accumulated) versus many of the performance traits examined did not differ between the two species‐origin groups, but there were indications of significant shifts in elevation (intercept values) and shifts along common slopes in many of these relationships – signalling differences in carbon economy (revenue returned per unit energy invested) and/or resource usage. Using ordination and based on 14 ecophysiological attributes, a fair level of separation between the two groups was achieved (51.5% explanatory power), with AQE, light compensation point, respiration load, WUE, specific leaf area and leaf area ratio, in decreasing order, being the main drivers. This study suggests similarity in trait plasticity, especially for physiological traits, but there appear to be fundamental differences in carbon economy and resource conservation between native and invasive vine species. 相似文献
13.
不同木本植物功能型当年生小枝功能性状差异 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为探讨不同植物功能型之间小枝功能特征的差异,在重庆金佛山和缙云山分别采集20和26个木本植物,选择当年生的小枝测定其叶片和枝条性状。结果表明:1)叶片厚度表现为:落叶植物<常绿植物,乔木<灌木;单叶面积和叶片总面积表现为:落叶植物>常绿植物,乔木>灌木;不同植物功能型间小枝的叶片数量均无显著差异。2)落叶植物和乔木的小枝横截面积、小枝长度和小枝干重均显著高于常绿植物和灌木,不同植物功能型间小枝密度无显著差异。3)与常绿植物和灌木相比,落叶植物和乔木有较高的展叶效率(单位长度小枝支撑的叶片面积),小枝的出叶强度(单位长度小枝支撑的叶片数)无显著差异。4)在小枝水平上,常绿植物比落叶植物投入更多的生物量到叶片。 相似文献
14.
李梦妮;蒋勇军;程钰瑞;吴泽;贺秋芳;李佳彬;赵春峰;钱凤 《应用生态学报》2025,36(3):762-770
为明确岩溶区优势木本植物叶片性状对不同石漠化生境土壤特性的响应,本研究运用以空间代替时间的方法,研究典型原生林(石漠化特征极弱的石漠化前期)、次生林生境(石漠化特征较弱的石漠化中期)和石漠化生境(石漠化特征较高的石漠化后期)5种优势乔木和3种优势灌木的9种叶片功能性状特征及变异程度,分析其对生境变化的适应策略。结果表明: 相较于原生林生境,石漠化生境的土壤含水量显著降低60.4%,土壤C和N含量、C:N及N:P分别显著降低72.8%、35.8%、55.1%和56.7%。3种生境中,优势乔木的叶片含水量和比叶面积均低于灌木,叶干物质含量和叶C含量高于灌木,其中,比叶面积变异最大,叶C含量变异最小,且灌木叶性状总变异幅度高于乔木。叶片性状间具有普遍的相关性,比叶面积、叶片含水量与叶干物质含量呈显著负相关。土壤含水量对叶片性状的解释度为48.6%,是影响岩溶优势木本植物变异的主要土壤因子。在干旱贫瘠的石漠化生境,植物叶片呈现出高叶片含水量、比叶面积,低叶片厚度、叶干物质含量、叶C含量和叶N:P的性状组合,采取“快速投资-收益”的获取型资源利用策略,而相对湿润多养分的原生林生境呈现出与石漠化生境相反的性状组合,采取“慢速投资-收益”的保守型资源利用策略。 相似文献
15.
北京植物园不同功能型植物叶经济谱 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
通过对北京植物园不同功能型植物的叶片光合参数、叶绿素荧光参数、叶面积、叶干质量以及叶氮含量等性状参数进行测定,分析了不同功能型植物的叶经济谱.结果表明: 生活型中草本植物、生活史中一年生植物、光合型中C4植物靠近叶经济谱中快速投资-收益型物种的一端,而生活型中乔木和灌木、生活史中多年生植物、光合型中C3植物位于缓慢投资-收益型物种的一端,表明不同功能型植物通过叶片性状间的权衡采取不同的环境适应策略,验证了不同功能型植物叶经济谱的存在.不同功能型植物叶片性状具有明显差异,其中不同生活型间的叶片比叶面积(SLA)、叶氮含量(Nmass)、最大净光合速率(Amass)、光合氮利用效率(PNUE)均表现出草本植物>藤本植物>灌木>乔木;不同生活史间一年生植物的SLA、Nmass、Amass、PNUE均显著高于多年生植物;不同光合型间植物的Amass、PNUE、PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)均表现出C4>C3.Nmass、Amass、SLA两两之间呈显著正相关,而PSⅡ有效光化学量子产量(Fv′/Fm′)与SLA呈显著负相关;PNUE与SLA呈显著正相关. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
19.
Background and AimsSize-dependent changes in plant traits are an important source of intraspecific trait variation. However, there are few studies that have tested if leaf trait co-variation and/or trade-offs follow a within-genotype leaf economics spectrum (LES) related to plant size and reproductive onset. To our knowledge, there are no studies on any plant species that have tested whether or not the shape of a within-genotype LES that describes how traits covary across whole plant sizes, is the same as the shape of a within-genotype LES that represents environmentally driven trait plasticity.MethodsWe quantified size-dependent variation in eight leaf traits in a single coffee genotype (Coffea arabica var. Caturra) in managed agroecosystems with different environmental conditions (light and fertilization treatments), and evaluated these patterns with respect to reproductive onset. We also evaluated if trait covariation along a within-genotype plant-size LES differed from a within-genotype environmental LES defined with trait data from coffee growing in different environmental conditions.Key ResultsLeaf economics traits related to resource acquisition – maximum photosynthetic rates (A) and mass-based leaf nitrogen (N) concentrations – declined linearly with plant size. Structural traits – leaf mass, leaf thickness, and leaf mass per unit area (LMA) – and leaf area increased with plant size beyond reproductive onset, then declined in larger plants. Three primary LES traits (mass-based A, leaf N and LMA) covaried across a within-genotype plant-size LES, with plants moving towards the ‘resource-conserving’ end of the LES as they grow larger; in coffee these patterns were nearly identical to a within-genotype environmental LES.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that a plant-size LES exists within a single genotype. Our findings indicate that in managed agroecosystems where resource availability is high the role of reproductive onset in driving within-genotype trait variability, and the strength of covariation and trade-offs among LES traits, are less pronounced compared with plants in natural systems. The consistency in trait covariation in coffee along both plant-size and environmental LES axes indicates strong constraints on leaf form and function that exist within plant genotypes. 相似文献
20.