共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Laura Lpez‐Hoffman Jeanne L. DeNoyer Ian E. Monroe Rebecca Shaftel Niels P. R. Anten Miguel Martínez‐Ramos David D. Ackerly 《Biotropica》2006,38(5):606-616
We hypothesized that salinity and light interactively affect mangroves, such that net photosynthesis, growth, and survivorship rates increase more with increase in light availability at low than high salinity. Using greenhouse and field experiments, we determined that net photosynthesis, growth rates, and size increased more with light at low than high salinity. At high salinity, the ratio of leaf respiration to assimilation increased fourfold, suggesting that salinity may have contributed to declines in net photosynthesis. Stomatal conductance, leaf‐level transpiration, and internal CO2 concentrations were lower at high salinity. Ratios of root mass to leaf mass were higher at high salinity. Stomatal limitations and increased respiratory costs may explain why at high salinity, the seedlings did not respond to increased light availability with increased net photosynthesis. Increased root mass relative to leaf mass suggests that at high salinity, either water or nutrient limitations may have prevented the seedlings from increasing growth with increasing light availability. At both low‐ and high‐salinity zones in the field, seedling survivorship increased with light availability, and the effect of light was stronger at low salinity. However, at low light, survivorship was higher at high than low salinity, indicating that there may be a trade‐off between survivorship and growth. The interactive effects observed in the greenhouse were robust in the field, despite the presence of other factors in the field such as inundation and nutrient gradients and herbivory. This study provides a robust test of the hypothesis that salinity and light interactively effect mangrove seedling performance. 相似文献
2.
JAVIER PÉREZ-TRIS ROBERTO CARBONELL JOSÉ LUIS TELLERÍA 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2002,76(4):481-492
Although parasites may impair the expression of tail ornaments in birds, the importance of parasitism in driving the evolution of the initial stages of tail ornamentation is not well understood. Parasites could have negatively affected the expression of nonexaggerated, functional traits before these evolved ornaments, or they could have played a relevant role only after tails became ornamental and hence too costly to produce. To shed light on this issue, we studied the correlation between the abundance of feather mites (Acari, Proctophyllodidae) and the size, quality, growth rate and symmetry of tail feathers of blackcaps ( Sylvia atricapilla ), a non-ornamented passerine. Tail length was not correlated with mite load, yet blackcaps holding many mites at the moment of feather growth (fledglings) had lighter and more asymmetric feathers that grew at relatively lower rates. In blackcaps whose mite load was measured one year after feather growth (adults), only the negative correlation between mite intensity and feather symmetry remained significant. Changes in mite load since the moult season could have erased the correlation between condition-dependent feather traits and current parasite load in adults. Our results support the idea that different traits of non-ornamental feathers can signal parasite resistance. Therefore, parasitism could have played a central role in the evolution of tail ornamentation ever since its initial stages. © 2002 The Linnean Society of London. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2002, 76 , 481–492. 相似文献
3.
- Behavioural responses to changing environments affect community composition, so the identification of associations between environmental gradients, behavioural traits and physiological traits makes a significant contribution to the quest for trait‐based rules of community change.
- We tested the hypothesis that fish morphology and lifestyle are associated with metabolic rate, hence oxygen demand, and behavioural response to gradual hypoxia [low dissolved oxygen (DO)], using respirometry and behavioural experiments. Three species fell along different points of the fast–slow lifestyle continuum: Melanotaenia fluviatilis, a pelagic fish adapted to endurance swimming, lies at the fast end of the lifestyle continuum, while Mogurnda adspersa, a benthic fish adapted to burst swimming, lies at the other end. The benthopelagic Hypseleotris sp. has an intermediate lifestyle.
- Standard and routine metabolic rates varied strongly among the species and were associated with lifestyle according to the inequality M. fluviatilis > Hypseleotris > M. adspersa. As DO declined, aquatic surface respiration behaviour also varied significantly among the species and indicated a sensitivity to hypoxia described by the same inequality. As hypoxia ensued, changes in habitat were also linked to lifestyle, but changes in activity level among species were not neatly correlated with lifestyle.
- Overall, our experiments imply that there are significant links between morphology, lifestyle, metabolism and behavioural response to hypoxia in these three species of fish.
4.
Takayuki Nakatsubo 《Ecological Research》1994,9(3):245-250
In order to evaluate the importance of growth of mosses in controlling evaporative water loss, the evaporation rates of some
subalpine moss species of various growth forms were compared with each other. The growth forms of the xerophytic species examined
were large cushion and compact mat, while those of the mesophytic species in the coniferous forest floor were smooth mat,
weft and tall turf. The evaporation rate per moss dry weight (Ew) was much smaller in the xerophytic species than in the mesophytic
species. However, the evaporation rate per basal area of moss colony (Ea) was not necessarily smaller in the xerophytic species.
The relation between Ea and dry weight per basal area of the colony (Wa) had a close correlation with the growth form. It
was concluded that the difference in the evaporation rate per weight between the exerophytic species and the mesophytic species
was largely due to the difference in Wa, and that the growth forms of the xerophytic species were suitable for increasing
Wa without increasing surface roughness. 相似文献
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7.
《Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience》2020,14(1):13-21
The success in competitions may be stressful for animals and costly in terms of immune functions and longevity. Focusing on Aosta Chestnut and Aosta Black Pied cattle, selected for their fighting ability in traditional competitions, this study investigated the genetic relationships of fighting ability with udder health traits (somatic cell score and two threshold traits for somatic cells), longevity (length of productive life and number of calvings) and test-day milk, fat and protein yield. Herdbook information and phenotypic records that have been routinely collected for breeding programs in 16 years were used for the abovementioned traits. Data belonged to 9328 cows and 19 283 animals in pedigree. Single-trait animal model analyses were run using a Gibbs sampling algorithm to estimate the variance components of traits, and bivariate analyses were then performed to estimate the genetic correlations. Moderate positive genetic correlations (ra) were found for fighting ability with somatic cell score (ra=0.255), suggesting that greater fighting ability is genetically related to a detriment in udder health, in agreement with the theory. The high positive genetic correlation between fighting ability and longevity (average ra=0.669) suggests that the economic importance of fighting ability (the winning cows get an higher price at selling) had probably masked the true genetic covariances. The genetic correlation between milk yield traits and fighting ability showed large intervals, but the negative values (average ra=−0.121) agreed with previous research. This study is one of the few empirical studies on genetic correlations for the competitive success v. immune functions and longevity traits. The knowledge of the genetic correlations among productive and functional traits of interest, including fighting ability, is important in animal breeding for a sustainable genetic improvement. 相似文献
8.
Genevieve Buckton Alexander W. Cheesman Niels C. Munksgaard Chris M. Wurster Michael J. Liddell Lucas A. Cernusak 《Austral ecology》2019,44(6):983-994
Lianas are an important component of tropical forests; they alter tree mortality and recruitment and impact biogeochemical cycling. Recent evidence suggests that the abundance of lianas in tropical forests is increasing. To understand and predict the effect of lianas on ecosystem processes in tropical forests, it is important to understand the mechanisms through which they compete with trees. In this study, we investigated the functional traits of lianas and trees in a lowland tropical forest in northeast Queensland, Australia. The site is located at 16.1° south latitude and experiences significant seasonality in rainfall, with pronounced wet and dry seasons. It is also subject to relatively frequent disturbance by cyclones. We asked the question of whether the canopy liana community at this site would display functional traits consistent with a competitive advantage over trees in response to disturbance, or in response to dry season water stress. We found that traits that we considered indicative of a dry season advantage (xylem water δ18O as an indicator of rooting depth; leaf and stem tissue δ13C and instantaneous gas exchange as measures of water‐use efficiency) did not differ between canopy lianas and canopy trees. On the other hand, lianas differed from trees in traits that should confer an advantage in response to disturbance (low wood density; low leaf dry matter content; high leaf N concentration; high mass‐based photosynthetic rates). We conclude that the liana community at the study site expressed functional traits geared towards rapid resource acquisition and growth in response to disturbance, rather than outcompeting trees during periods of water stress. These results contribute to a body of literature which will be useful for parameterising a liana functional type in ecosystem models. 相似文献
9.
Nathália da Silva Braga Angela P. Vitória Gustavo Maia Souza Claudia F. Barros Leandro Freitas 《Biotropica》2016,48(4):453-464
Wet tropical forest trees display a wide range of leaf phenology dynamics. However, the interrelation between deciduousness, water status, and leaf and stem characteristics have been poorly investigated compared with dry forests. We studied wet forest trees to answer the following questions: (1) do water regulation modes (iso/anisohydric behavior) of evergreen species differ from those found in deciduous species? (2) Does leaf water potential (ΨL) influences leaffall and emergence dynamics? (3) Are leaf and stem characteristics consistent across evergreen and deciduous trees? We evaluated vegetative phenology, ΨL, and leaf and stem characteristics of six evergreen and three deciduous species monthly for 2 yr. Species exhibited different leaffall and emergence dynamics, as well as different water regulation modes, independent of their deciduousness. Thus, the relationship between leaf phenology and water regulation behaviors appears to be a species‐specific property rather than a functional group attribute. ΨL had no direct influence on the dynamics of leaffall and/or emergence, indicating that this process is not modulated by water availability alone. Individual groups of evergreen and deciduous species could not be identified using principal component analysis (PCA), but a decoupling was observed in the leaf and stem economics spectra. The lack of an interrelation between deciduousness and iso/anisohydry, as well as the independence of leaf and stem trade‐offs, emphasizes that more systematic measurements of vegetative phenology and ecophysiological characteristics are necessary to advance our knowledge of leaf habit and water regulation behaviors based on the functional traits of wet forest plants. 相似文献
10.
CHRISTOFER J. CLEMENTE PHILIP C. WITHERS GRAHAM G. THOMPSON 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2009,97(3):664-676
In ecomorphological and ecophysiological studies, locomotor performance is often considered to be an intermediate step between the form of an organism and its environment. We examined this premise by measuring morphology, physiology and circular track endurance in the closely related group of Australian varanid lizards. Body size, body mass and relative body proportions were poor indicators of endurance. Body mass was not correlated with endurance and size-free lower forelimb length had only a weak relationship with endurance. Instead, maximal metabolic rate was positively correlated with endurance capacity in varanids. A comparison of varanids with other groups of lizards supported this result as varanids showed both elevated maximal metabolic rate and elevated endurance scores when compared with similar sized non-varanid lizards. There was support for a strong association between endurance with foraging mode and climate. Varanid species with higher endurance tended to be widely foraging and from xeric climates, while sit-and-wait and mesic species showed reduced endurance. © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2009, 97 , 664–676. 相似文献
11.
基于功能性状的研究方法广泛地应用于生态学研究, 用于解释不同层次的复杂的生态学过程, 而绿色植物叶片的功能性状长期被认为对植物的生存、生长和繁殖具有重要的影响。该研究对玛曲高寒沼泽化草甸51个植物种(分属于14科)的叶片形态和光合性状进行测量, 比较不同物种和不同功能群(莎草科、禾本科和双子叶类杂草)的差异, 分析叶片形态特征和叶片光合性状之间的相关性。结果表明: 1)不同物种、不同功能群之间在比叶面积、净光合速率和水分利用效率等叶片形态和光合特征方面有着显著的差异, 例如禾本科植物具有较高的比叶面积和水分利用效率, 双子叶类杂草具有较大的叶面积, 而莎草科植物具有较高的净光合速率。2)相关性分析结果显示, 无论在物种水平还是功能群水平, 叶片形态和叶片光合性状之间都具有显著的相关关系。该研究揭示了高寒沼泽化草甸植物物种在叶片功能性状上的显著分化, 进而使得这些物种能在同一个草地群落中共存, 而群落中不同功能群物种的组成差异将会对群落的结构、功能和资源利用产生显著的影响。该研究将为进一步研究高寒沼泽化草甸提供基础研究数据并为其保护和恢复提供生理生态学依据。 相似文献
12.
Trait differences among plant species can favor species coexistence. The role that such differences play in the assembly of diverse plant communities maintained by frequent fires remains unresolved. This lack of resolution results in part from the possibility that species with similar traits may coexist because none has a significant fitness advantage and in part from the difficulty of experimental manipulation of highly diverse assemblages dominated by perennial species. We examined a 65‐year chronosequence of losses of herbaceous species following fire suppression (and subsequent encroachment by Pinus elliottii) in three wet longleaf pine savannas. We used cluster analysis, similarity profile permutation tests, and k‐R cluster analysis to identify statistically significant functional groups. We then used randomization tests to determine if the absence of functional groups near pines was greater (or less) than expected by chance. We also tested whether tolerant and sensitive species were less (or more) likely to co‐occur by chance in areas in savannas away from pines in accordance with predictions of modern coexistence theory. Functional group richness near pines was lower than expected from random species extirpations. Wetland perennials with thick rhizomes and high leaf water content, spring‐flowering wetland forbs (including Drosera tracyi), orchids, Polygala spp., and club mosses were more likely to be absent near pines than expected by chance. C3 grasses and sedges with seed banks and tall, fall‐flowering C4 grasses were less likely to be absent near pines than expected by chance. Species sensitive to pine encroachment were more likely to co‐occur with other such species away from pines at two of the three sites. Results suggest that herb species diversity in frequently burned wet savannas is maintained in part by a weak fitness (e.g., competitive) hierarchy among herbs, and not as a result of trait differences among co‐occurring species. 相似文献
13.
Rohan C. Riley Timothy R. Cavagnaro Chris Brien F. Andrew Smith Sally E. Smith Bettina Berger Trevor Garnett Rebecca Stonor Rhiannon K. Schilling Zhong‐Hua Chen Jeff R. Powell 《Ecology letters》2019,22(11):1757-1766
Highly variable phenotypic responses in mycorrhizal plants challenge our functional understanding of plant‐fungal mutualisms. Using non‐invasive high‐throughput phenotyping, we observed that arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi relieved phosphorus (P) limitation and enhanced growth of Brachypodium distachyon under P‐limited conditions, while photosynthetic limitation under low nitrogen (N) was exacerbated by the fungus. However, these responses were strongly dependent on host genotype: only the faster growing genotype (Bd3‐1) utilised P transferred from the fungus to achieve improved growth under P‐limited conditions. Under low N, the slower growing genotype (Bd21) had a carbon and N surplus that was linked to a less negative growth response compared with the faster growing genotype. These responses were linked to the regulation of N : P stoichiometry, couples resource allocation to growth or luxury consumption in diverse plant lineages. Our results attest strongly to a mechanism in plants by which plant genotype‐specific resource economics drive phenotypic outcomes during AM symbioses. 相似文献
14.
Increasing the biodiversity of Leucaena leucocephala (hereafter leucaena) stands without losing the benefits provided by the forest structure is a challenge for adaptive management. Here, we report the survival and growth (height, stem, and canopy diameter) of five Atlantic Forest tree species planted underneath a pure stand of the exotic leucaena, which was broadcast sown 35 years before in a 0.6 ha area. Two treatments were compared: thinning (cutting all leucaena trees in 4-m wide rows, where seedlings were planted) and control (seedlings planted under leucaena canopy), with four replicates each (20 seedlings per plot, four per species, 2-m spaced). The five species selected were long-lived emergent trees from seasonal forests, with broad canopy, evergreen, and shade-tolerant. These traits were expected to allow their survival and growth, and, later on, to shade out the leucaena trees. Seven years after planting, survival was high for all species (around 80%), not differing between treatments or species. On average, stem diameter, height, and crown diameter were, respectively, 69, 44, and 36% higher in thinned than in control plots. Response to thinning differed between species in growth, with Gallesia integrifolia and Luehea divaricata standing out. Our results demonstrate that the species used for enrichment planting, selected by their suitable functional traits, can successfully survive under leucaena stands. Reducing competition by thinning, however, is crucial to enhance their growth. Despite the benefits from thinning, enrichment success strongly depends, therefore, on the abilities of the species selected to face the ecological filters acting on the target ecosystem. 相似文献
15.
为探究不同径级油松的种内竞争与叶功能性状变化规律,以山西太岳山油松人工林为研究对象,将样地中油松按5cm的间隔进行径级划分,并在每个径级中选取3株油松进行叶片取样。测定了不同径级油松的种内竞争强度、比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶氮含量、叶磷含量及其叶氮磷比。采用单因素方差分析检验不同径级间油松的种内竞争与叶功能性状的差异,并利用Pearson相关性分析油松叶功能性状之间的相关性。结果显示：(1)油松的种内竞争在不同径级间差异明显,种内竞争随径级的增加而减小。(2)油松的胸径与竞争指数二者之间呈幂函数关系(P<0.01)。竞争指数随着对象木胸径增大而逐渐减小,当对象木胸径达到20cm以上时,竞争指数进一步减小并维持在较低水平。(3)面对不同的种内竞争强度,不同径级油松的叶功能性状表现出不同的适应性策略,小径级油松倾向于资源获取型策略,而大径级油松则倾向于资源保守型策略。(4)油松1年生叶与多年生叶的比叶面积与叶干物质含量、叶氮含量与叶氮磷比呈极显著负相关性,叶干物质含量与叶氮含量呈显著正相关性;1年生叶中比叶面积与叶氮含量在呈负相关性,而多年生叶中呈极显著负相关性;1年生叶中叶磷含量与比叶面积、叶氮含量无相关性,叶氮含量与叶氮磷比呈正相关性,而多年生叶呈负相关性、极显著正相关性与无相关性。表明1年生叶与多年生叶叶功能性状之间存在着不同的制约关系。因此在油松人工林管理中,应当充分考虑油松的种内竞争和不同径级的叶功能性状变化规律,为油松人工林的保护与管理提供参考依据。 相似文献
16.
Climate change may have profound impacts on the maintenance of peatlands and surface water systems in the sub‐humid western Boreal Plain (WBP) of Northwestern Canada. Wetlands in the WBP, whereas significant carbon stocks are sensitive to changes in climate, because in most years potential evapotranspiration (ET) exceeds precipitation. In this study, a dynamic closed chamber technique was used to examine the relative midday (10:00–16:00 h) growing season (April–October) contributions of heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration (Rtot) and moss photosynthesis (gross ecosystem production, GEP) to net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2 at the soil surface of different degrees of spruce forest canopy cover and microtopography (lawn and depression) in two peatland–pond complexes in the WBP, north–central Alberta, Canada. Results demonstrate that Sphagnum lawns showed the greatest amount of uptake, and dominant surface cover plant communities (Sphagnum and feather mosses) were associated more with canopy cover and incident radiation (photosynthetically active radiation, PAR) than microclimate and hydrology. Although microclimate and hydrology varied spatially, no major changes in plant communities were observed across microtopographic gradients (lawns and depression). Differences in NEE with hydrology and microclimate were observed between microtopographic units (depression and lawns), but this was not consistent with surface cover plant community types, which makes generalized fluxes in this landscape particularly challenging. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
Benoît Geslin Violette Le Féon Michael Kuhlmann Bernard E. Vaissière Isabelle Dajoz 《法国昆虫学会纪事》2013,49(5-6):487-493
In recent years, a growing number of studies have focused on the potential interest of urban green areas for supporting biodiversity. Private gardens, urban parks or green roofs may support relatively high densities of diverse wild bees. Knowledge is lacking regarding bee assemblages in Paris, the French capital, and one of the most densely populated part of France. In this context, we here provide a first assessment of the taxonomic and functional composition of bee assemblages in three urban parks in downtown Paris. Bees were sampled with a set of three coloured pan traps per park. Fifteen 24-hour sessions were performed from April to July 2011. We captured 425 specimens from 44 species representing five families and 11 genera. The assemblage was dominated by Halictidae (15 species representing 70.1% of total abundance), especially the eusocial species Lasioglossum morio that made 25.2% of total abundance. From a functional point of view, there were only two species of parasitic bees that made 1.2% of total abundance. Most non-parasitic species were polylectic and below-ground nesting. This study highlights the importance of preserving and managing urban parks and other green areas to promote the conservation of wild bees and ultimately the functionality of pollination service in urban ecosystems. 相似文献
18.
Evolutionary radiations are responsible for much of Earth's diversity, yet the causes of these radiations are often elusive. Determining the relative roles of adaptation and geographic isolation in diversification is vital to understanding the causes of any radiation, and whether a radiation may be labeled as “adaptive” or not. Across many groups of plants, trait–climate relationships suggest that traits are an important indicator of how plants adapt to different climates. In particular, analyses of plant functional traits in global databases suggest that there is an “economics spectrum” along which combinations of functional traits covary along a fast–slow continuum. We examine evolutionary associations among traits and between trait and climate variables on a strongly supported phylogeny in the iconic plant genus Protea to identify correlated evolution of functional traits and the climatic‐niches that species occupy. Results indicate that trait diversification in Protea has climate associations along two axes of variation: correlated evolution of plant size with temperature and leaf investment with rainfall. Evidence suggests that traits and climatic‐niches evolve in similar ways, although some of these associations are inconsistent with global patterns on a broader phylogenetic scale. When combined with previous experimental work suggesting that trait–climate associations are adaptive in Protea, the results presented here suggest that trait diversification in this radiation is adaptive. 相似文献
19.
植物生长型和生活型是理解植物响应和适应环境变化的重要形态性状, 对研究植物与环境和生态系统功能的关系, 理解植物地理分布格局和生物多样性形成与维持机制具有重要意义。《中国植物志》和Flora of China中有关植物生长型和生活型的描述存在分类标准不统一, 部分信息缺失、错误或模糊不清等问题。本文基于全国和地方植物志书及野外调查的植物性状信息, 订正了中英文版维管植物的生长型和生活型性状, 建立了中国维管植物生长型和生活型数据集。该数据集包含35,329种维管植物, 内容包括植物名称、生长型和生活型性状及其数据来源, 其中植物名称包括来自《中国植物志》、Flora of China和来自《中国生物物种名录(2023版)》的两个分类系统版本, 以便读者相互对照不同分类系统的差异。依据茎木质化程度分为木本植物和草本植物两类, 木本植物有12,600种, 占35.7%; 草本植物为22,729种, 占64.3%。木本植物以中灌木生长型(2,917种, 占23.2%)和常绿生活型(7,107种, 占56.4%)为主, 草本植物以杂类草生长型(19,900种, 占87.6%)和多年生生活型(19,554种, 占86.0%)为主。木本生长型中乔木物种以樟科和壳斗科占比较大, 灌木物种以杜鹃花科、蔷薇科和豆科占比较大; 常绿生活型以杜鹃花科占比较大, 落叶生活型以蔷薇科占比较大。草本生长型中杂类草以菊科占比较大, 禾草以禾本科占比较大; 生活型中一年生、二年生和多年生分别以禾本科、紫草科和菊科占优势。本数据集涵盖了目前中国所有维管植物物种的生长型和生活型信息, 可为植物性状研究提供数据基础。 相似文献
20.
Peat mosses (Sphagnum) largely govern carbon sequestration in Northern Hemisphere peatlands. We investigated functional traits related to growth and decomposition in Sphagnum species. We tested the importance of environment and phylogeny in driving species traits and investigated trade‐offs among them. We selected 15 globally important Sphagnum species, representing four sections (subgenera) and a range of peatland habitats. We measured rates of photosynthesis and decomposition in standard laboratory conditions as measures of innate growth and decay potential, and related this to realized growth, production, and decomposition in their natural habitats. In general, we found support for a trade‐off between measures of growth and decomposition. However, the relationships are not strong, with r ranging between 0.24 and 0.45 for different measures of growth versus decomposition. Using photosynthetic rate to predict decomposition in standard conditions yielded R2 = 0.20. Habitat and section (phylogeny) affected the traits and the trade‐offs. In a wet year, species from sections Cuspidata and Sphagnum had the highest production, but in a dry year, differences among species, sections, and habitats evened out. Cuspidata species in general produced easily decomposable litter, but their decay in the field was hampered, probably due to near‐surface anoxia in their wet habitats. In a principal components analysis, PCA, photosynthetic capacity, production, and laboratory decomposition acted in the same direction. The species were imperfectly clustered according to vegetation type and phylogeny, so that some species clustered with others in the same section, whereas others clustered more clearly with others from similar vegetation types. Our study includes a wider range of species and habitats than previous trait analyses in Sphagnum and shows that while the previously described growth–decay trade‐off exists, it is far from perfect. We therefore suggest that our species‐specific trait measures offer opportunities for improvements of peatland ecosystem models. Innate qualities measured in laboratory conditions translate differently to field responses. Most dramatically, fast‐growing species could only realize their potential in a wet year. The same species decompose fast in laboratory, but their decomposition was more retarded in the field than that of other species. These relationships are crucial for understanding the long‐term dynamics of peatland communities. 相似文献