唐松草幼苗氨基酸,无机元素的测定

唐松草氨基酸含量的分析表明,１６种氨基酸总量为１８２．２ｇ／ｋｇ,尤其谷氨酸和天门冬氨酸含量较高,适口性好。必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的３４．２６％。无机元素测定结果表明唐松草１７种无机元素中磷含量最高达８７２．０μｇ／ｇ,其次是钙镁元素,且含有锌、锰、锶、铁等多种微量元素。同时也测定了蛋白质和粗脂肪的含量     

玉米黑粉菌孢子粉的无机元素和氨基酸含量测定

对玉米黑粉菌(Ustilago maydisDC.Corola.)孢子粉的无机元素和氨基酸含量进行了测定。结果表明:玉米黑粉菌孢子粉含有丰富的无机元素,其中铁、钙、镁、磷、锌、锰含量分别为100μg/g、3 561μg/g、1 382μg/g3、500μg/g、101μg/g和24μg/g;同时含有8种必须由食物蛋白质提供的氨基酸,以苏氨酸含量最多,为340.18 mg/100 g。     

鹿药、四叶菜、山菠菜氨基酸和无机元素测定

鹿药、四叶菜和山菠菜都是长白山区常见的山野菜,经测定表明这3种野菜中都含有16种氨基酸,并且人体必需氨基酸含量都在总量的35%以上,对21种无机元素的测定结果显示鹿药、四叶菜和山菠菜分别含有17种、16种和15种无机元素.     

人血清中游离色氨酸、苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸的微量测定——附我国健康成人测定值报告

测定人血清中游离氨基酸、特别是某些特殊氨基酸含量的变化,作为研究蛋白质代谢的指标,在临床医学研究方面已有很多报道。目前从测定生物体液和组织中,个别或某些氨基酸浓度的变化,已能诊断六十余种先天性氨基酸代谢缺陷的疾病,从而指导治疗。如患苯酮尿症的婴儿,血清中游离苯丙氨酸浓度可高出常人数倍,游离酪氨酸浓度则减低,如能在出生后短期内作出诊断并限制食物中苯丙氨酸含量,     

细叶小羽藓营养成分的测定分析

该研究以细叶小羽藓为材料,测定了基本营养成分总糖、粗脂肪、粗蛋白、灰分的含量,采用气相色谱、氨基酸自动分析仪分别检测了脂肪酸和氨基酸的组分含量,并通过化学分析法和扫描电镜明确了细叶小羽藓矿质元素含量及分布情况。结果表明:细叶小羽藓中主要成分是糖类,占16.11%,粗蛋白质、灰分含量分别为11.20%、23.34%。氨基酸组成均衡,必需氨基酸(EAA)占氨基酸总量(TAA)的27.70%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(EAA/NEAA)为0.38;限制性氨基酸为组氨酸,比值系数分(SRC)为12.96;药用氨基酸占总氨基酸的62.12%;天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、精氨酸、亮氨酸等含量相对较高。不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比值为0.74,不饱和脂肪酸花生四烯酸(AA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)相对含量较高。富含矿物质,茎叶元素均匀分布,其中Al、Ca、Fe、K、Mg等元素含量很高。综上认为,细叶小羽藓是一种含糖量较多、矿质丰富、低脂、低蛋白的苔藓,作为生物资源具有开发潜力。     

牛蒡幼苗基本成分测定分析

牛蒡含有多种氨基酸,且含有苏氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸以及组氨酸和精氨酸必需氨基酸和半必需氨基酸。必需氨基酸含量占总氨基酸含量的26.59%。无机元素测定结果表明,牛蒡含有16种化学元素,其中铁含量高达1560.4mg/kg,明显高于其它野生植物。     

薇菜、蕺菜中氨基酸及其他营养素含量的测定

对秦巴山区薇菜 (Osmundajaponicathunb .)、蕺菜 (Houttuyniacordatathunb.)两种山野菜可食部分中氨基酸、灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、总糖等含量进行了测定。结果表明 :所测定的 1 7种氨基酸中 ,薇菜含 1 7种氨基酸 ,蕺菜含 1 6种氨基酸 ,七种必需氨基酸含量占各自氨基酸总量的百分数分别为 4 3 .2 6%、3 6.58%。薇菜、蕺菜灰分含量分别为 8.1 1 %、9.4 0 % ;粗蛋白含量分别为 2 2 .80 %、1 7.2 2 % ;粗脂肪含量分别为 3 .3 4 %、5.4 3 % ;粗纤维含量分别为 1 3 .0 7%、1 7.89% ;总糖含量分别为 2 1 .1 4 %、1 3 .4 2 %。     

不同产地松茸氨基酸与矿质元素的比较研究

以西南地区的三种松茸子实体为材料 ,用柱前衍生高效液相色谱法和原子吸收分光光度法分别对松茸子实体的氨基酸和矿质元素进行了测定 ,氨基酸的测定结果表明 :采自四川通江的松茸子实体的氨基酸总含量最高 ,为 10 .5 82 % ;其次为采自重庆的松茸子实体为 9.6 0 7% ;最低的为采自云南昌隆的松茸子实体 ,为 3.381%。矿质元素的测定结果表明 :所测定的七种元素中 ,含量较高的有三种 ,分别为K ,Ca和Mg ,平均含量分别为 3.1× 10 4mg/Kg ,1.6 2× 10 3mg/Kg和 5 .5 8× 10 2mg/Kg。在这三种松茸子实体中云南昌隆的Fe ,Mn含量最高 ,分别为 6 2 .2 82mg/Kg和 6 .0 6 4mg/Kg ;重庆的Cu含量最高 ,为 5 2 .84 5mg/Kg;Zn的含量在这三种子实体中差异不大。     

桂花籽中脂肪酸成分、氨基酸及矿物质含量分析

目的:通过研究桂花籽脂肪酸成分、氨基酸、矿物质元素含量,为桂花籽资源利用开发提供理论依据.方法:以八月桂桂花籽为实验材料,通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析桂花籽脂肪酸成分、凯氏定氮分析蛋白质含量及氨基酸自动分析仪快速分析16种氨基酸含量、电感耦合原子发射光谱仪分析6种微量元素含量.结果:桂花籽中脂肪酸主要成分油酸(5.91...     

双孢蘑菇子实体营养成分分析

测定了双孢蘑菇子实体中氨基酸、矿质元素、多糖、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、粗纤维、核苷酸、维生素C和SOD等含量。结果表明,粗蛋白含量为37．86％,在测定的18种氨基酸中含有17种氨基酸,8种必须氨基酸含量占氨基酸总量的42．30％;必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸比值（E／N）为0．73。还含有丰富的多糖、纤维素、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和核苷酸类物质。     

Microcolony epifluorescence microscopy for selective enumeration of injured bacteria in frozen and heat-treated foods

A rapid (less than 6 h) method for selectively enumerating coliforms, pseudomonads, and staphylococci has been developed which involves counting microcolonies grown on the surface of polycarbonate membranes under selective conditions. The method was not directly applicable to foods containing injured bacteria due to the poor formation of or an inability to form microcolonies under selective conditions. However, the introduction of a 3- to 5-h resuscitation step in tryptone soya broth allowed the method to give reliable estimates of these organisms in a variety of frozen and heat-processed foods. Under nonselective conditions, i.e., for total counts, the microcolony method enabled a rapid count to be made of viable bacteria in heat-treated foods, but these results were also made more consistent by the introduction of a resuscitation step. This method makes results from these foods available far faster than conventional enumeration methods.     

Microcolony epifluorescence microscopy for selective enumeration of injured bacteria in frozen and heat-treated foods.

A rapid (less than 6 h) method for selectively enumerating coliforms, pseudomonads, and staphylococci has been developed which involves counting microcolonies grown on the surface of polycarbonate membranes under selective conditions. The method was not directly applicable to foods containing injured bacteria due to the poor formation of or an inability to form microcolonies under selective conditions. However, the introduction of a 3- to 5-h resuscitation step in tryptone soya broth allowed the method to give reliable estimates of these organisms in a variety of frozen and heat-processed foods. Under nonselective conditions, i.e., for total counts, the microcolony method enabled a rapid count to be made of viable bacteria in heat-treated foods, but these results were also made more consistent by the introduction of a resuscitation step. This method makes results from these foods available far faster than conventional enumeration methods.     

An oxygen electrode-based assay of catalase activity as a rapid method for estimating the bacterial content of foods

An oxygen electrode-based assay of catalase was developed as a simple method of assessing contamination by bacteria capable of respiration. The method gave a rapid and reasonable quantification of cell numbers in pure cultures and was able to detect 10³ bacteria/ml in some cases. The sensitivity of the method was dependent on the identity of the culture and when applied to foods the sensitivity was reduced due to the presence of non-microbial catalase. The use of electropositively charged filters to remove the organisms from the food sample improved the sensitivity and the relationship between catalase activity and cell numbers in some foods.     

Rapid latex agglutination test for detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins A to E that uses high-density latex particles

A rapid reversed passive latex agglutination method that uses high-density latex particles for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) A to E was developed. It took 3 h for incubation, much less than the 16 h needed with a customary latex agglutination test for SE detection such as a commercial test kit (SET-RPLA; Denka Seiken Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The rapid test was shown to be highly specific and sensitive for SE detection (detection limit, about 0.5 ng of SE per ml), comparable to the SET-RPLA test. The rapid test was also efficient in SE detection in foods and culture supernatants of staphylococcal strains, similar to the SET-RPLA test. This showed that a rapid test with high-density latex particles is fully reliable for use.     

Rapid latex agglutination test for detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins A to E that uses high-density latex particles.

A rapid reversed passive latex agglutination method that uses high-density latex particles for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) A to E was developed. It took 3 h for incubation, much less than the 16 h needed with a customary latex agglutination test for SE detection such as a commercial test kit (SET-RPLA; Denka Seiken Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The rapid test was shown to be highly specific and sensitive for SE detection (detection limit, about 0.5 ng of SE per ml), comparable to the SET-RPLA test. The rapid test was also efficient in SE detection in foods and culture supernatants of staphylococcal strains, similar to the SET-RPLA test. This showed that a rapid test with high-density latex particles is fully reliable for use.     

乳鼠脑组织中牛磺酸的快速检测

建立一种快速、准确的牛磺酸定量检测方法。采用Beckman公司6300黄金系统氨基酸分析仪,在锂柱130 min程序生理体液分析方法基础上,根据牛磺酸(TAU)的特性,建立了脑组织中TAU快速测定方法。用此方法完成TAU分析的时间为17 min,比原方法缩短了123 min。且有较好的重现性(日内RSD 0.42%,日间RSD 0.57%)、回收率高(98.39%)。本方法简便、快速、准确、可靠,适用于临床和科研工作。     

荧光酶标免疫分析在食品微生物检测中的应用

荧光酶标免疫分析是一种新型的快速检测微生物的方法,具有方便、快速、灵敏、准确等优点,已越来越多地被用于进出口食品中致病菌的检测。本文介绍了荧光酶标免疫分析法的原理、特点以及在食品微生物检测中的应用和未来发展方向。     

双波长紫外吸收法测定L-苯丙氨酸含量

采用双波长紫外吸收法测定转化液中L 苯丙氨酸含量 ,测定波长为 2 5 8nm ,参比波长为 2 78nm。由Acr2 78=138.18C+0 .0 0 85γ =0 .9995得到肉桂酸浓度Cr ,再由A2 58=ACr2 58+Acp2 5 8=76 .5 31Cr +.94 4 6Cp +0 .0 36 6 ,计算出L 苯丙氨酸含量Cp。此方法快速、简便、准确度高、除杂效果好 ,适用于生产过程控制。     

Analysis of Boron Content in Frequently Consumed Foods in Korea

This study analyzed boron content in commonly consumed foods by Koreans. Boron content was analyzed on 299 different foods using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The content of boron in cereals, potatoes, starches, sugars, and confectionaries was 1.11 to 828.56 microg per 100 g. As for beans, nuts, and seeds, the content of boron in acorn starch jelly was 66.15 microg per 100 g and in soybeans 1,642.50 microg per 100 g. In fruits, records show 5.29 to 390.13 microg per 100 g. The content of boron in vegetables was 17.45 to 420.55 microg per 100 g and in mushrooms 2.97 to 526.38 microg per 100 g. As for meats, eggs, milks, and oils, it posted 1.48 to 110.01 microg per 100 g. Fishes, shellfishes, and seaweeds contained 1.20 to 6,300.83 microg per 100 g of boron. Beverages, liquors, seasonings, and processed foods posted 1.06 microg per 100 g in corn cream soup and 2,026.49 microg per 100 g in cocoa. It is suggested that the data for the analysis of boron content in foods need to be more diversified and a reliable food database needs to be compiled based on the findings of the study to accurately determine boron consumption.     

The direct application of the polymerase chain reaction to DNA extracted from foods

Two methods for the successful extraction of DNA from foods are described. The rapid lysis method uses a proteinase K buffer system to lyse cells and solubilize food samples. DNA is then precipitated using isopropanol. The second method achieves cell lysis using toluene and mutanolysin, and solubilization using guanidium thiocyanate. Following protein removal with organic solvents DNA is precipitated with isopropanol. Both methods enabled the polymerase chain reaction to be applied directly to DNA extracted from samples of cheese, coleslaw and raw chicken and allowed the direct rapid, sensitive and specific detection of Yersinia enterocolitica, Aerococcus viridans and Listeria monocytogenes in these foods.