记利沃鱼(Livosteus)—新种

详细记述了发现于云南武定早泥盆世晚期利沃鱼(Livosteus)的新材料.依据其特征,建立一个新种.这是该属除在拉脱维亚以外在世界上的第二个种,因此具有重要的古生物地理意义.     

南澳大利亚Officer盆地东部下寒武统Abadiella一新种

描述采用自南澳大利亚Officer盆地东部Manya-6号钻井的下寒武统Ouldburra组的Abadiella三叶虫的一新种－Abadiella officerensis,同时指出Parabadiella是Abadiella的同义名。     

云南沾益早泥盆世肺鱼类一新种

记述了云南沾益地区下泥盆统穿洞组肺鱼化石一新种——多脊混磨鱼(Tarachomylax multicostatus sp.nov.),归入标本包括一件左上齿板、一块B骨、一块可能是3骨的骨片和6个零散鳞片。主要特征:齿板内侧及后侧边缘被小齿(denticles)覆盖;齿脊11-12列,齿板中缘与最后一列齿脊夹角约135°;内翼骨侧凹不明显,后侧部窄小呈尖状;B骨和J骨上的前凹线沟相连;鳞片出露区与被覆压区之间有小齿瘤带。     

新疆乌恰县萨瓦亚尔顿金矿区早泥盆世牙形刺

在新疆乌恰县萨瓦亚尔顿金矿区首次发现了早泥盆世牙形刺,确认了Ｌｏｃｈｋｏｖｉａｎ阶（Ａｎ－ｃｙｒｏｄｅｌｌｏｉｄｅｓ ｏｍｕｓ）和Ｅｍｓｉａｎ阶（ｏｌｙｇａｎａｔｈｕｓ ｋｉｔａｂｉｃｕｓ,Ｐ．ｅｘｃａｖａｔｕｓ）的存在,并阐述了此次发现的意义和存在的问题。     

广西下泥盆统南极鱼类(盾皮鱼纲:节甲鱼目)一新属(英文)

依据采自广西平果早泥盆世郁江组中部的化石材料,记述了盾皮鱼纲节甲鱼目南极鱼科的一新属、新种——小眼坡塘鱼(Potangaspis parvoculatusgen.et sp.nov.)。该新属的眶孔很小,且为颅顶甲骨片所完全包围;中点线沟发育,与眶上感觉沟、中心感觉沟和后点线沟一起共同向颈片的骨化中心辏合。系统发育分析表明新属和发现于南极洲中泥盆统的南极鱼属构成姐妹群关系,支持了南极鱼科位于节甲鱼目最基干位置的假说,同时为早埃姆斯期东冈瓦纳大陆与中国南方之间的古地理密切联系提供了新的证据。     

广西南丹中泥盆世三叶虫Ductina的蜕壳

Ductina vietnamila Maximova产于广西南丹罗富中泥盆统下部塘丁组上部,三叶虫化石多为原地埋葬,其中有一些为蜕壳标本。蜕壳构造的特征是:头胸分开,头前移并沿轴向错开、翻转180°;胸节基本按序排列,有时后两三个胸节前倾;胸与尾多分离,沿轴向微错开,有时尾向后翻转180°。     

A NEW SPECIES OF BRITTLESTAR (OPHIUROIDEA, ECHINODERMATA) FROM THE HUNSRÜCK SLATE (LOWER EMSIAN, LOWER DEVONIAN) OF GERMANY

Abstract:  Lapworthura lehmanni , a new species of ophiuroid, is described from four specimens from the Lower Devonian Hunsrück Slate of Germany. It is the only known ophiuroid in the Hunsrück Slate with paired but unfused ambulacrals, and it exhibits unique rows of spine-bearing dorsal arm ossicles. The genus Lapworthura Gregory was previously known only from the Ordovician of Scotland and the Silurian of England and Australia.     

桂中南下泥盆统的胴甲鱼类化石

本文通过对近年来在广西横县六景采集的下泥盆统胴甲鱼类化石的描述,同时对以往记述或报道过的该地的胴甲鱼类化石作了简要的评说,在此基础上,列出了广西下泥盆统莲花山组的胴甲鱼类化石.根据这些胴甲鱼类化石内容,讨论了桂中南的莲花山组与滇东曲靖有关地层的对比,重申了桂中南莲花山组的地质时代应和曲靖西屯组的相当.由于直伏于西屯组之下,尚有一含多鳃鱼类化石为其特色的西山村组,该组又公认是早泥盆世早期的沉积,因此,桂中南的莲花山组之下,缺失了相当于西山村组的沉积.很显然,以莲花山组的地层内容所建立的莲花山阶,用来代表我国早泥盆世早期的沉积是不妥当的.     

云南曲靖地区下泥盆统小肢鱼(Microbrachius)化石的新发现

记述了胴甲鱼类（ａｎｔｉａｒｃｈｓ）。肢鱼一新种,穿洞小肢鱼（Ｍｉｃｒｏｂｒａｃｈｉｕｓ ｃｈｕａｎｄｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）。该化石发现于云南曲靖下泥盆统上部穿洞组,其时代大致与埃姆斯期（Ｅｍｓｉａｎ）相当。新种在以下 ３点与中华小肢鱼（Ｍ． ｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）明显不同： １）个体明显小于中华小肢鱼;２）新种前中背片为三边形,举穴宽;３）新种纹饰在背甲上由纵向排列细而密的嵴组成。新种由于具有较大的中腹片和嵴状纹饰上没有启状突起,因而与小肢鱼的属型种Ｍ． ｄｉｃｋｉ不同。     

THE EURYPTERID ADELOPHTHALMUS SIEVERTSI (CHELICERATA: EURYPTERIDA) FROM THE LOWER DEVONIAN (EMSIAN) KLERF FORMATION OF WILLWERATH, GERMANY

Abstract: The eurypterid Rhenopterus sievertsi Størmer from the Lower Devonian of Germany is redescribed. Based on new morphological data, including the possession of prosomal limbs of Adelophthalmus‐type and spatulae on the genital operculum, the species is transferred to Adelophthalmus Jordan, in Jordan and von Meyer and thus is the oldest representative of this geographically and stratigraphically widespread genus. Eurypterus? trapezoides Størmer is recognized as a junior synonym of A. sievertsi.     

广西下泥盆统大瑶山群盔甲鱼类的新发现

广西象州县大乐乡泥盆系剖面是华南象州型(底栖相)泥盆系的标准剖面(侯鸿飞、王士涛,1988),其下部大瑶山群为一套厚达上千米的石英砂岩夹粉砂岩沉积,底部以一层约2 m厚的砾岩与下伏的前泥盆系呈角度不整合接触(白顺良等,1982).     

THE LOWER CAMBRIAN EODISCOID TRILOBITE CALODISCUS LOBATUS FROM SWEDEN: MORPHOLOGY, ONTOGENY AND DISTRIBUTION

Abstract:  Several thousand disarticulated remains together with a few complete enrolled specimens of the lower Cambrian eodiscoid trilobite Calodiscus lobatus ( Hall, 1847 ) have been collected at two outcrop areas in Sweden. The material reveals new details of morphology and morphogenesis during ontogenetic development. Size-frequency analyses show that the material from the Fånån rivulet in Jämtland, central Sweden, represents a natural population dominated by juveniles, whereas the material from Gislövshammar in Scania, southern Sweden, has been sorted during postmortem transport. Three stages of protaspid development can be traced and defined as well as all subsequent ontogenetic stages for the cephalon, hypostome and pygidium. The early meraspid pygidium has a pronounced larval notch, which persists, though becoming progressively less distinct in later meraspides. The number of axial rings in the transitory pygidium increases throughout meraspid development until a third and final thoracic segment is liberated. During ontogeny the articulating half-rings are strongly developed, and both meraspides and holaspides were capable of full sphaeroidal enrollment and outstretched postures. The hypostome undergoes some dramatic modifications; in M0 the anterior margin is axe-shaped, by M1 the area of attachment greatly decreases and the hypostome becomes more elongated and pear-shaped, before attaining its adult form, which has an overall resemblance to that of polymerid trilobites. During ontogeny, the hypostome changes from a conterminant attachment to a natant condition, thereby mirroring hypostomal evolution within trilobites generally. The morphology, ontogeny, enrollment, hypostomal development and the presence of calcified protaspides suggest polymerid rather than agnostoid affinities of the eodiscoids.     

贵州早泥盆世刺镰蕨的新观察

刺镰蕨在早泥盆世是一种广布于世界的植物,尽管报道自许多地点,但远未完全地了解它,其主要原因是能育材料罕见。我们观察的标本采自贵州早泥盆世的丹林组。它显示具柄的孢子囊侧生于靠近叶腋的轴上,我们的标本近似球形的孢子囊和它的形态略小于雷诺的肾形孢子囊外,其它方面如：带状的营养轴上具有疏螺旋排列的镰刀状叶,具短柄的孢子囊侧生于轴上以及管胞具穿孔壁等性状与雷诺修订后的刺镰蕨完全一致。我们同意雷诺的观点,将镰蕨目升为纲,与工蕨纲和石松纲并列。它的系统位置是介于工蕨纲和石松纲之间。其下包含一目、一科三个属——镰蕨属、巴拉格瓦纳彻属和星木属。这种植物的生殖部分在中国尚属首次报道。     

广西中部下泥盆统无颌类和鱼类微体化石——兼论桂中与滇东下泥盆统的对比

记述了广西横县六景那高岭组、郁江组,武宣二塘二塘组和象州大乐四排组(大乐组)的无颌类和鱼类微体化石。经过形态学和古组织学的研究,这些化石被归于13属(其中包括1新属、2未定属)11种(其中包括3新种4未定种和1比较种)。结合以往在莲花山组和那高岭组下部已报道的脊椎动物大化石资料讨论了广西中部下泥盆统的脊椎动物组合序列:莲花山组以Yunnanolepis-Qujinolepis组合,那高岭组以Asiaspis expansa-Machaeracanthus? bohemicus组合,郁江组以Turinia sp.-Cheiracanthoides comptus-Ohiolepis newberryi组合,二塘组以Nostolepis guangxinensis-Wuxuanichthys wangi-Ligulalepis cf. toombsi组合为代表。另外,据已报道的脊椎动物微体化石和大化石资料,对广西中部和云南东部下泥盆统进行了对比。     

早泥盆世始叶蕨（新属）及叶子起源的讨论

本文报道了滇东南文山地区下泥盆统坡松冲组（西根阶）地层中一陆生植物新属,种－纤细始叶蕨（Eophyllophyton bellum gen.et sp.nov),植物体矮小,多次二叉分枝,远端枝二列互生长出次一级二叉分枝为主的末级枝,枝系起源叶顶生成侧生,多次分叉,缩合,扁化,蹼化并部分并合,生殖单位可下垂,由二枚顶端内卷的孢子叶组成,孢子囊圆至肾形,沿远,端加厚带开裂,成列侧生在孢子叶相对面的叶轴上,上述特征表明新植物远比同期的莱尼类,三枝蕨类和工蕨类复杂和进化,并显示出和工蕨类的某些亲缘关系,文内还探讨了枝系起源叶（大型叶）的发生和演化。     

广西荔浦早泥盆世腹足类

腹足类化石采自广西荔浦栗木早泥盆世四排组,共3属4种:Oriostoma?lipuense sp. nov., Naticopsis sp., Murchisonia angulata Philips, Murehisonia bachelieri Rouault其中Murchisonia属的两种是西欧早泥盆世常见的分子。Oriostoma?lipuense是1个归属有疑问的新种。与腹足类共生的有早泥盆世的腕足类、轮藻和介形类等化石。     

鄂西志留纪早期三叶虫Latiproetus Lu,1962的新材料

本文描述湖北宜昌、兴山志留纪兰多维列世艾隆期蚜头虫类三叶虫Latiproetus latilimbatus(Grabau,1925)和Latiproetus tenuis Chang,1974的新材料.Latiproetus Lu,1962的有效性长期多有争论,通过新材料研究确认,该属和Prantlia P(r)ibyl,1946的区别在于其较短的鞍前区,向前收缩较少的头鞍,较微弱的尾肋沟和间肋沟,并不具鞍前区横脊.该属和Astroproetus Begg,1939的区别在于其较深的S1,清晰的S2,较小的活动颊刺,及宽而清晰的尾边缘.因此,笔者认为Latiproetus应为有效属.     

贵州南部独山地区泥盆纪弗拉期的石燕贝类腕足动物

弗拉期是了解泥盆纪弗拉-法门灭绝事件之前古代生物多样性的一个关键阶段.贵州南部的独山地区因其所具有的完整层序及丰富的底栖牛物化石成为我国主要泥盆系参考剖面之一.独山剖面弗拉期的石燕贝类腕足动物至少包括5种类型,其中4种在本文中为首次描述和图示.Conispirifer之前只发现于欧洲及北美的弗拉期地层中,目前也首次在华南独山剖面的同期地层中发现.大多先前从贵州南部其他地区弗拉期地层中描述的多种Cyrtospirifer可归于Cyrtospirifer subextensoides新种内.鉴于前人对Emanuella的模式种E.takwanensis 的内部构造描述的矛盾状况,本文暂把研究区具有抬离壳面的纤细铰窝、固着于壳面的主突起以及其前方下面为外铰板支撑的标本归于E.takwanensis.在华南弗拉期可初步识别出三个腕足动物群组合带:Yocrarhynchus-Phlogoiderhynchus动物群以小嘴贝类-无洞贝类-双腔贝类腕足动物为特征,其时代大致从弗拉阶底部至Pa.punctata带;之后为Cyrtospirifer动物群,以Cyrtospirifer的存在为特征,又可分为早晚两部分,前者(未命名)以conispiriferid类的Conispirifer和Pyramidaspirifer、弓石燕类、无洞贝类等为特征,其时代大致为Pa."hassi"带至下Pa.rhenana带;后者为Hunanotoechia动物群,以丰富的小嘴贝类-无洞贝类.弓石燕类腕足动物为特征,其时代大致为上Pa.rhenana带至Pa.1inguiformis带.     

A NEW DIPNOAN FISH FROM THE MIDDLE DEVONIAN (EIFELIAN) OF SCOTLAND

Abstract:  A new dipnoan fish, Pinnalongus saxoni gen. et sp. nov., is described from a suite of recently discovered specimens from Caithness and East Sutherland, northern Scotland. The stratum where Pinnalongus occurs is within the middle Eifelian of the Middle Devonian. Pinnalongus has a skull roof consisting of a mosaic of small bones at the anterior end, a feature more typically found in Early Devonian dipnoans. The posterior part of the skull roof is more typical of later advanced Middle Devonian dipnoans with the B-bone separating the I-bones. The postcranial body is now considered not to be so important with respect to the classification of dipnoans as originally proposed by Dollo in 1895, who thought there was an evolutionary transformation series. Nevertheless, the postcranial body of Pinnalongus has more in common with later Middle and Late Devonian dipnoans such as Scaumenacia , with a very long second dorsal fin. Based on the skull morphology, Pinnalongus is most closely related to Tarachomylax from the Lower Devonian of Severnaya Zemlya, Russia. Pinnalongus represents the earliest known complete articulated dipnoan with tooth plates.     

奥陶纪三叶虫凸面远瞩虫（Telephina convexa Lu）的眼

研究材料系自浙江江山晚奥陶世黄泥岗组硅质结核中的Telephina convexa Lu眼部内模和外模标本。使用SEM二次电子图像把眼部放大,发现其小眼体是透镜体,外形为正八角形的透镜体,正八角形的每一相间的部位为正方形的眼间体（interlens)所占据,它们填充在八角形小眼体顶角和底角外侧的空间。每一正八角形的边长为66．66μm,小眼体之间为四向两组垂直交叉排列。Telephina的眼是介于在叶虫复眼和聚合眼之间的一种特殊类型的眼。从眼的构造和形态来看,Telephina 应属于中远洋悬浮类三叶虫,与Cyclopyge近似。